CN102880751B - A kind of method for designing of just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter - Google Patents
A kind of method for designing of just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102880751B CN102880751B CN201210339747.0A CN201210339747A CN102880751B CN 102880751 B CN102880751 B CN 102880751B CN 201210339747 A CN201210339747 A CN 201210339747A CN 102880751 B CN102880751 B CN 102880751B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011173 large scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for designing of just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter.Condenser capacity combines with electric Field Calculation by this method for designing effectively, can obtain the initial value of electrode parameter fast.According to simulation calculation, electric capacity and field intensity value are finely tuned, electrode size determined value can be obtained.Can be made a choice to electrode material easily by theory calculate simultaneously.Method for designing of the present invention is simple and practical, and logicality is strong, effectively can improve design efficiency, can be widely used in the design of standard capacitor electrode parameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for designing of compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter of just vertical coaxial configuration, particularly for the method for designing of just vertical standard capacitor high-low pressure electrode, guarded electrode size and material, it belongs to the method for designing field of standard capacitor.
Background technology
Usually, the inverted structure of the many employings of standard capacitor, and the method for designing of majority is also for this kind of structure.But the outer field intensity of inverted construction standard capacitor high voltage electrode insulation cylinder and Potential distribution are difficult to adjustment, and design is complicated.And just vertical standard capacitor is all installed in closed metal housing due to high-low pressure electrode, efficiently solve this problem.
At present, the electrode parameter design for just vertical standard capacitor does not still have pertinent literature to report.Chinese invention patent " extra-high voltage reference capacitor " (application number: 200710168924.2, the applying date: 2007-12-17) a kind of extra-high voltage reference capacitor is proposed, be positive vertical structure high-field electrode and low-field electrode are all fixed on insulated support in the pressure container tank body of bottom, the raising overcoming standard capacitor electric pressure affects the problem of the raising of its voltage coefficient; For site test structure, standard capacitor is divided into 3 independent sealed air chambers by this invention, solves a difficult problem for large-scale experiment equipment inconvenience transport, for use in site test and detection, but this patent does not relate in electrode parameter method for designing.
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of method for designing of just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter, to solve the problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the design of just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter provide one simply, method for designing fast and effectively.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method for designing of just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) specify according to the normative document of compressed gas standards capacitor, determine the correlation parameter requirement of capacitor under different electric pressure, comprise electric capacity
c, voltage coefficient
, temperature coefficient
;
(2) according to service condition requirement, select insulating gas, determine electrode surface maximum field strength permissible value
e1
maxand the maximum permission field intensity in guarded electrode surface
e2
max;
(3) the effective corresponding length initial value of high-low pressure electrode is chosen
l,
lvalue needs basis
r 1,
r 2result of calculation adjusts, according to ganged condenser electric capacity deformation formula:
（1）
Calculate
, wherein
r 1,
r 2be respectively high-low pressure electrode radius;
(4) will
bring coaxial configuration surface electric field intensity computing formula into:
（2）
Calculate
r 1, Jin Eryou
?
r 2, consider plant bulk outward appearance, determine
r 1,
r 2whether result is reasonable;
(5) processing request is considered, to what try to achieve in step (4)
r 1,
r 2round up number process, corresponding
lvalue pushes away acquisition by formula (1) is counter;
(6) low-field electrode end arc radius
r 3owing to being in guarded electrode, only need considering to install, choose correct radial;
(7) guarded electrode transition arc radius
r 0choose, will
e2
maxvalue is brought in following formula, calculates arc radius
r 0:
（3）
Wherein U is high-field electrode maximum working voltage,
dfor guarded electrode end circular arc and high-field electrode spacing,
d=
r 2-
r 1;
(8) according to calculate in step (5)
lvalue, calculates in (6), (7)
r 1,
r 2and
r 0two dimension and three-dimensional simulation model relevant parameter is set is built in AnsoftMaxwell electromagnetic field simulation software;
(9) field intensity value distribution and maximum field intensity values E1 between AnsoftMaxwell Software simulation calculation high-low pressure electrode is utilized
maxand E2
maxwhether be less than the reference value in step (2), extract high-low pressure electrode capacitance amount simultaneously
c cal ; Calculate and design load in step (1)
cdifference
, answer length adjustment value by following formulae discovery high-low pressure electrode pair
:
（4）
(10) according to calculate in step (9)
, readjust in AnsoftMaxwell software, build model, relevant parameter is set, repeat step (9), (10) until whole parameter meets the demands according to result, complete parameter designing;
(11) by the expansion coefficient of Different electrodes material
formula (5) and (6) calculable capacitor theoretical temperatures coefficient is brought respectively into elastic modulus E
with theoretical voltage coefficient
, according to result of calculation determination electrode material,
（5）
Wherein
t 2,
t 1for temperature (DEG C), a=U/E
max-,
d 0for thickness of electrode.
（6）
Wherein
d 1,
d 2be respectively high-low pressure thickness of electrode,
ufor operating voltage effective value.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: method for designing of the present invention is for just vertical standard capacitor electrode structure, electric capacity and electric Field Calculation are combined, high-low pressure electrode size parameter can be obtained fast, utilizing the theory calculate of capacitor correlation parameter directly to determine electrode material, is the design effectively method of just vertical standard capacitor high-low pressure electrode parameter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is standard capacitor electrode schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 calculates guarded electrode end arc radius r0 and its surface field value calculation procedure Output rusults (having done inverse process).
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram building realistic model 1 in AnsoftMaxwell software.
Fig. 4 is model 1 simulation calculation Electric Field Distribution cloud atlas.
Fig. 5 is model 1 capacitance calculation value.
Fig. 6 is model 2 simulation calculation Electric Field Distribution cloud atlas.
Fig. 7 is model 2 capacitance calculation value.
Fig. 8 is the simple process figure of the method for designing of the present invention's just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values are equally within claims limited range listed by the application.
Below, be designed to example with a just vertical standard capacitor electrode parameter of 100pF, 220kV and introduce the specific embodiment of the invention.
(1) consulting act.std " JB1811-1992_ compressed gas standards capacitor ", is 100pF according to standard regulation 220kV standard capacitor capacitance, voltage coefficient
<3 × 10
-5, temperature coefficient≤3 × 10
-5/ DEG C.
(2) insulation mode selects SF
6gas-insulated.Recommend according to engineering experience and correlation technique books, the most high field intensity in selected standard capacitor high-field electrode surface
e1
max'≤15kV/mm,
e1
maxget 75%
e1
max'=11.25kV/mm.Therefore guarded electrode end maximum field intensity values
e2
max≤ 12kV/mm.
(3) as Fig. 1 gives electrode for capacitors schematic diagram.Choose the effective respective heights of high-low pressure electrode
l=200mm, according to formulae discovery below
=1.12,
（1）
(4) will
=1.12 bring formula (2) into, calculate
r 1=294.63mm,
r 2=330.71mm.
（2）
Calculate
r 1,
r 2be worth relative to height
lvery inharmonious, shape that if designed according to this value, although parameter meets design requirement, capacitor protector cognition presents " short thick ".Therefore need to reselect
lvalue, repeat (3), (4) step, finally determines
l=350mm,
r 1=168.9mm,
r 2=205.6mm.Consider part processing, right
r 1,
r 2do to integer process of getting on, then
r 1=170mm,
r 2=207mm,
l=350mm.
(5) circular arc process in low-field electrode end is relatively simple, owing to being in guarded electrode, only need doing smoothing processing, get arc radius 5mm.
(6) due to guarded electrode end transition arc
r 0radius cannot directly be obtained by formula below, calculate different value by writing simple computer program, high-low pressure electrode separation is
r 2-
r 1=37mm.Result of calculation as shown in Figure 2,
r 0meet design requirement during=53mm,
e2
max=11.96kV/mm, slightly gets wish degree, gets during design
r 0=60mm,
e2
max=11.65kV/mm.
（3）
(7) according to the result of calculation obtained in (5) and (6), in AnsoftMaxwell software, realistic model 1 is built, as shown in Figure 3.The electric field cloud atlas that simulation calculation obtains as shown in Figure 4.Simulation result display high-field electrode surface maximum field intensity values is 11.1kV/mm.Guarded electrode circular arc place maximum field intensity values is 11.42kV/mm.Calculate electric capacity
c calfor 103.12pF.As shown in Figure 5.
(8) according to (7) result of calculation electric capacity difference △ C=100-103.12=-3.12pF, obtaining low-field electrode height according to formulae discovery below needs adjustment amount
=-10.9mm, gets-11mm.
（4）
(9) calculate in basis (8)
, in AnsoftMaxwell, again build model 2, the electric field cloud atlas that simulation calculation obtains as shown in Figure 6.High-field electrode surface maximum field intensity values is 11.1kV/mm, and guarded electrode circular arc place maximum field intensity values is 11.7kV/mm, and after adjustment model, this place's field intensity value slightly changes, but still meets design requirement.Electric capacity is 99.986pF.As shown in Figure 7, meet design requirement.So far complete the design of electrode size parameter, result is
r 1=170mm,
r 2=207mm,
l=339mm.
(10) material that electrode machining is relatively commonly used at present has aluminium alloy, fine copper, and stainless steel, and the thermal expansivity of three kinds of materials is respectively 23.8 × 10
-5m/ DEG C, 17.5 × 10
-5m/ DEG C and 15 × 10
-5m/ DEG C.Calculating corresponding theoretical temperatures coefficient according to (5) is 2.57 × 10
-5/ DEG C, 1.89 × 10
-5/ DEG C and 1.6 × 10
-5/ DEG C.Three kinds of materials make the theoretical temperatures coefficient of electrode all lower than 3 × 10
-5/ DEG C, meet standard-required.
（5）
Aluminium alloy, fine copper, and the typical elastomeric modulus of stainless steel three kinds of materials is respectively 70GPa, 127GPa, 199GPa, calculates corresponding theoretical voltage coefficient according to (6), wherein because high-low pressure electrode is commaterial, so
e 1=
e 2,
u=220kV, C are 100pF, calculate corresponding theoretical voltage coefficient and are respectively 1.6 × 10
-6, 1.22 × 10
-6with 1.04 × 10
-6, be all less than 3 × 10 of standard-required
-5, meet design requirement.
（6）
According to designing requirement, certain voltage coefficient above-mentioned and temperature coefficient the smaller the better, but consider in processing technology, aluminum component is more prone to realize complex-curved processing relative to stainless steel and copper, and lightweight, cost is low.And its material properties in theory also can meet design requirement, guarded electrode is not high to material requirements, so electrode material all selects aluminium alloy.So far whole designs of standard capacitor high-low pressure electrode and guarded electrode parameter are completed.The simple process figure of whole method for designing as shown in Figure 8.
The content be not described in detail in this instructions belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (1)
1. a method for designing for just vertical compressed gas standards electrode for capacitors parameter, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) specify according to the normative document " JB1811-1992_ compressed gas standards capacitor " of compressed gas standards capacitor, determine the correlation parameter requirement of capacitor under different electric pressure, comprise electric capacity
c, voltage coefficient
α u , temperature coefficient
α c ;
(2) according to service condition requirement, select insulating gas, determine electrode surface maximum field strength permissible value
e 1maxand the maximum permission field intensity in guarded electrode surface
e 2max;
(3) the effective corresponding length initial value of high-low pressure electrode is chosen
l,
lvalue needs basis
r 1,
r 2result of calculation adjusts, according to ganged condenser electric capacity deformation formula:
（1）
Calculate
, wherein
r 1,
r 2be respectively high-low pressure electrode radius,
ε 0for permittivity of vacuum,
ε rfor the relative dielectric constant of capacitor insulation gas;
(4) will
bring coaxial configuration surface electric field intensity computing formula into:
（2）
Calculate
r 1, Jin Eryou
?
r 2, consider plant bulk outward appearance, determine
r 1,
r 2whether result is reasonable, wherein
ufor high-field electrode maximum working voltage effective value;
(5) processing request is considered, to what try to achieve in step (4)
r 1,
r 2round up number process, corresponding
lvalue pushes away acquisition by formula (1) is counter;
(6) low-field electrode end arc radius
r 3owing to being in guarded electrode, only need considering to install, choose correct radial;
(7) guarded electrode transition arc radius
r 0choose, will
e 2maxvalue is brought in following formula, calculates arc radius
r 0:
（3）
Wherein
ufor high-field electrode maximum working voltage effective value,
dfor guarded electrode end circular arc and high-field electrode spacing,
d=
r 2-
r 1;
(8) according to calculate in step (5)
lafter value, round numbers
r 1,
r 2and calculate in step (7)
r 0two dimension and three-dimensional simulation model relevant parameter is set is built in AnsoftMaxwell electromagnetic field simulation software;
(9) field intensity value distribution and maximum field intensity values E between AnsoftMaxwell Software simulation calculation high-low pressure electrode is utilized
1maxand E
2maxwhether be less than the maximum field strength permissible value in step (2), extract high-low pressure electrode capacitance amount simultaneously
c cal ; Calculate and design load in step (1)
cdifference
, answer length adjustment value △ by following formulae discovery high-low pressure electrode pair
l:
（4）
(10) according to the △ calculated in step (9)
l, readjust in AnsoftMaxwell software, build model, relevant parameter is set, calculated field intensity values, electric capacity;
(11) repeat step (9), (10) until whole parameter meets the demands according to result, complete parameter designing;
(12) by the expansion coefficient of Different electrodes material
αand elastic modulus E
mbring formula (5) and (6) calculable capacitor theoretical temperatures coefficient respectively into
α c with theoretical voltage coefficient
α u , according to result of calculation determination electrode material, if a=
u/ E
1max-, have:
（5）
Wherein
t 2,
t 1for temperature,
d 0for thickness of electrode,
ufor high-field electrode maximum working voltage effective value,
（6）
Wherein
d 1,
d 2be respectively high-low pressure thickness of electrode, E
1and E
2be respectively the elastic modulus of high-field electrode and low-field electrode material.
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