CN102869115B - A kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method - Google Patents
A kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wireless communication field.To be solved technical problem is that, for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method is provided, can in cognitive radio system without CCCH under conditions of, quickly, simply, sane set up communication link between transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, the method adapts to both sides' spectrum environment to be communicated unanimously or the most consistent situation.Described cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method, it blind frequency convergence method including cognitive radio call-originating end and cognitive radio are exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end.The present invention is by design call signal form, answer signal form and call-originating end and is exhaled Handshake Protocol detailed between end, can be under conditions of there is not CCCH, automatically quickly set up bipartite initial communication link to be communicated, there is the advantage that method is simple, process is quick, robustness is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, particularly to cognitive radio is set up call-originating end and quilt
Exhale the blind frequency convergence method of end end communication link.
Technical background
Along with the fast development of radio communication, rare electromagnetic spectrum resource and growing spectrum requirement
Between contradiction.Under existing fixed frequency spectrum allocation model, this contradiction the most greatly limits
Development and the evolution of Emerging wireless communications network are made.And on the other hand, substantial amounts of research and statistical data
Showing, fixed frequency spectrum distribution policy result in the low of frequency spectrum utilization rate.In order to improve the availability of frequency spectrum,
Alleviating the contradiction of spectrum requirement, people are proposing the mode of dynamic spectrum access in recent years to share frequency spectrum,
Thus it is effectively improved the utilization rate of frequency spectrum.Cognitive radio technology realizes dynamic spectrum resource-sharing
Intelligent wireless communication technology.
Cognitive radio needs to solve a series of technical barrier before realizing, the initial chain between communicating pair
It is exactly one of them that road is set up.Conventional communication techniques, can be simple owing to knowing system parameter message in advance
On a CCCH, complete initial link circuit through consultation set up process.But, in cognition
Under radio environment, owing to the availability of frequency spectrum resource is depending on primary user, (i.e. authorized user, to nothing
The use of line frequency spectrum has priority) behavior, only when primary user does not uses corresponding frequency spectrum when,
Cognitive user (the most secondary user, the priority using wireless frequency spectrum is less than primary user) could use phase
Answer spectrum interposition, therefore, it is impossible to one available CCCH of predefined.This will solve certainly
In the case of without CCCH, the problem how setting up cognitive radio communicating pair initial link circuit,
This problem is also referred to as blind frequency and assembles (Blind Frequency Rendezvous).
Assemble problem for the blind frequency of cognitive radio, have some results of study.Han Chuan etc. exist
Its patent of invention " link establishing method in a kind of cognitive radio scene " (publication number CN 1829385A)
In disclose a kind of method of communication link between base station and mobile station of setting up in cognitive radio scene, but
It is how base station and mobile station are not selected frequency to call or the link establishment process such as response by they
It is described in detail.Horine etc. propose a kind of using multi-tone signal as call signal blind frequency assemble
(content refers to method, B.Horine and D.Turgut, " Link rendezvous protocol for
Cognitive radio networks, " Proc.of IEEE DySPAN 2007, pp.444-447, April
2007), transmitting terminal sends the multi-tone signal of special characteristic on the spectrum interposition detected, receiving terminal leads to
Cross wide band detection and the call signal of this feature is carried out response, thus complete handshake procedure.This method
Shortcoming be receiving terminal rely on this multi-tone signal spectrum signature call signal is identified, therefore,
Multiple receivers may be detected simultaneously by this call signal and carry out response, thus cause except expectation receiver
The response that other receivers outer are unnecessary.The research worker such as DaSilva and Theis propose a kind of based on
(content refers to the blind frequency convergence method of sequence, L.DaSilva and I.Guerreiro, " Sequence based
Rendezvous for dynamic spectrum access, " Proc.of IEEE DySPAN 2008, pp.1-7,
Oct.2008；And, N.C.Theis, R.W.Thomas, and L.A.DaSilva, " Rendezvous for
Cognitive radios, " IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2010), transmitting terminal and
Receiving terminal is by accessing each channel according to specific sequence so that both sides can be on certain same channel
Meet.But, they do not provide concrete handshake procedure, in the case of without Timing Synchronization, i.e.
Make both sides to be communicated meet on same spectrum interposition and also might not ensure that successful handshake sets up chain
Road.Another shortcoming of this method is that its frequency aggregation procedure required time expended is longer.Wu can dysprosium
Deng (public in patent of invention " foundation of cognition radio communication link based on no-rate codes and maintaining method "
The number of opening CN 101325461A) in disclose a kind of cognition radio communication link based on no-rate codes and build
Cube method, transmitting terminal carries out coding framing transmitting according to the coded system of no-rate codes to information bag, connects
Receiving end extracts information response by the coding/decoding method of no-rate codes, thus completes the foundation of link.This
Method disadvantage is that sending substantial amounts of packet just can complete the foundation of communication link, system realizes
Complexity is higher, and required blind frequency convergence time is longer.Pu et al. proposes a kind of blind frequency and assembles association
(content refers to view, D.Pu, A.M.Wyglinski, and M.McLemon, " A frequency
Rendezvous approach for decentralized dynamic spectrum access networks, " Proc.
IEEE Int.Conf.Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Netw.Commun., pp.1-6, Jun.
2009), wherein transmitting terminal and receiving terminal all broadcast pilot sounds in unappropriated frequency.This method
Major defect is when broadcast pilot sound is asynchronous, and the interference meeting ratio between each pilot tone is more serious, from
And affect performance.
It follows that these cognitive radio blind frequency convergence methods existing or be that to realize process the completeest
Whole, or be that the overlong time of required consuming, system implementation complexity are higher, therefore, also lack one
Realize blind frequency convergence method simple, that convergence is quick, sane to spectrum environment, this institute the most of the present invention
The target place that method to be proposed is to be reached.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, for the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of cognitive nothing
Line electricity blind frequency convergence method, can in cognitive radio system without CCCH under conditions of,
Setting up communication link between transmitting terminal and receiving terminal quickly, simply, steadily, the method adapts to wait to lead to
Letter both sides' spectrum environment is unanimously or the most consistent situation.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method, including call-originating end blind frequency convergence method and
Exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end；The blind frequency convergence method of described call-originating end comprises the steps:
Step 1.1: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtains spectrum interposition information, and is remembered by each idle channel
For
Wherein M1For idle channel number, make k=1；
Step 1.2: judge whether to meet termination condition, if it is, point out unsuccessfully, process terminates, no
Then, next step is continued；
Step 1.3: at channel
Upper transmission call signal FRREQ, and intercept back-signalling FRREP；
Step 1.4: if successfully listening to respond, then frequency is assembled successfully, and process terminates and starts communication,
Otherwise, next step is continued；
Step 1.5: make k=k+1, if k is ＞ M1, skip to step 1.1, otherwise, skip to step 1.2；
Described comprised the steps: by the blind frequency convergence method exhaling end
Step 2.1: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtains each channel status；
Step 2.2: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtains each channel status, and the channel this obtained
The channel status that state and last time obtain compares, if it find that certain channel is become occupied by the free time,
Then this channel is designated as
Wherein M2Become, from the free time, the channel number that takies for state, continue step
Rapid 2.3, otherwise, re-execute step 2.2；
Step 2.3: according to Channel assignment mechanism from
Certain channel is selected to be demodulated analyzing, it is judged that letter
Whether the signal on road is intended for call signal FRREQ of oneself, sends back the most on this channel
Induction signal FRREP, frequency is assembled successfully, otherwise, skips to step 2.2.
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.2 of described call-originating end, termination condition can be set as being permitted
The maximum time T permittedmax, it is also possible to it is set as maximum number of calls K attemptedmax, TmaxAnd KmaxFor
The predetermined value arranged according to the quality of service requirement of user in advance.
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.3 of described call-originating end, FRREQ total time is a length of
2Ts+Tp, wherein TsFor the time expended needed for broader frequency spectrum perception, TpThe time taken for useful information,
Useful information includes frame head, launches ID and receive ID, launches ID and identifies self ID, receives ID mark
Expect to receive the cognitive radio ID of this signal, exhaled end needs whether to mate according to these information and judge
Whether it is intended for the FRREQ signal of oneself.These three territory (frame head, the transmitting ID that useful information comprises
With reception ID) it is that FRREQ is identified required minimum territory, reality can be carried out as required
Increase.
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.4 of described call-originating end, if successfully listen to back-signalling
The judgement of FRREP is according to being: at channel
On be demodulated, from demodulated stream find frame head, as
Fruit is successfully found the reception ID of frame head and correspondence and mates with self ID, then it is assumed that successfully listen to
FRREP, if at time TpFrame head cannot be found or find frame head ID to mate in but, then it is assumed that
The most successfully listen to respond FRREP.
Described by the blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 exhaling end, Channel assignment mechanism can use following three
One in the mode of kind:
(1) from
A channel is selected to be demodulated analyzing；
(2) from
M channel of middle selection carries out parallel demodulation analysis, wherein 1 ＜ m ＜ M2；
(3) all channels are carried out parallel demodulation analysis, for reducing computation complexity, optional heterogeneous filter
Ripple realizes.
Described by the blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 exhaling end, it is judged that whether the signal on channel is intended for
The basis for estimation of call signal FRREQ of oneself is: be demodulated in respective channel, from demodulation bit
Finding frame head in stream, if finding frame head, then coupling receives ID and is exhaled end self ID, if coupling, then recognizes
For being successfully received FRREQ, if from demodulation time started Ts+TpIn cannot find frame head, or look for
But do not mate to frame head ID, then it is assumed that be not successfully receiving FRREQ.
Described by the blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 exhaling end, FRREP is designed as: when FRREP is total
Between a length of Tp, including frame head, launch ID and receive ID.Launch ID and identify self ID, receive
ID mark expectation receives the cognitive radio ID of this signal.Three territories (frame head, transmitting ID and reception ID)
It is that FRREP is identified required minimum territory, reality can increase as required.
The present invention can bring following beneficial effect:
It is an advantage of the current invention that blind link aggregation procedure without there is CCCH in advance, to communication
Both sides' spectrum interposition is unanimously or the most consistent situation all has robustness, and link establishment process is quick,
Realize simple, there is the strongest reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the blind frequency convergence method flow chart of cognitive radio call-originating end of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the FRREQ structure designed by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that cognitive radio of the present invention is exhaled the blind frequency convergence method flow chart of end.
Fig. 4 is the FRREP structure designed by the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention is expanded on further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.These embodiments are only interpreted as
For the present invention being described rather than limiting the scope of the invention.In having read the present invention and having recorded
After appearance, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, these equivalence change and
Modify and fall into the scope of the claims in the present invention equally.
The cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method of the present invention, including the blind frequency convergence side of call-originating end
Method and exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end.If: cognitive system frequency spectrum resource is divided by channel and is total up to 300
Individual channel, carries out label according to frequency order from small to large, be designated as [1,2 ..., 300]；Cognitive nothing
The time that line electricity expends needed for all 300 channels are carried out perception is 3ms, i.e. Ts=3ms；System institute
Patient blind frequency convergence time up to 8 seconds；The cognitive system rate of information throughput is 50kbps；System
In system, each cognitive user has the ID of a 20bit uniquely to identify it, and all users both know about
The ID of other cognitive user.
The blind frequency convergence method (as shown in Figure 1) of cognitive radio call-originating end, comprises the steps:
Step 1.1: all 300 channels are carried out perception, each idle channel is designated as
Its
Middle M1For idle channel number, M1≤ 300, make k=1；
Step 1.2: judge whether to meet whether termination condition (i.e. judges the aggregate call time in this embodiment
More than 8 seconds), the most then prompting " frequency is assembled unsuccessfully " termination procedure, otherwise, continues next step；
Step 1.3: at channel
Upper transmission call signal FRREQ (FRREQ form as in figure 2 it is shown,
Wherein frame head is 30 bits, and transmitting ID and reception ID uses the chnnel coding of 1/2 speed), and start
Intercept back-signalling FRREP；
Step 1.4: if at channel
Upper successfully listen to respond (be i.e. successfully obtained frame head, and FRREP
Reception ID mate with self ID), then frequency is assembled successfully, process terminate；If at channel
Upper do not have
Have successfully to listen to respond and (within the 2.2ms time, i.e. do not find frame head, or find frame head still to connect
Receive ID territory not mate with self ID), then continue next step；
Step 1.5: make k=k+1.If k is ＞ M1, skip to step 1.1, otherwise, skip to step 1.2.
Cognitive radio is exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end (as shown in Figure 3), comprises the steps:
Step 2.1: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtains 300 each and every one channel status (empty with 0 mark channel
In the spare time, 1 mark channel is occupied)；
Step 2.2: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain each channel status (with 0 mark channel idle, 1
Mark channel is occupied), and the channel status that the channel status this obtained and last time obtain compares
Relatively, if it find that certain (or some) channel status is become occupied by the free time, then by this (or this
A bit) channel is designated as
Wherein M2Become, from the free time, the channel number that takies for state,
1≤M2≤ 300, continue step 2.3；Become occupied without any one channel status by the free time,
Then re-execute step 2.2；
Step 2.3: use one of following three kinds of steps:
(1) from
Randomly choose a channel to be demodulated analyzing, it is judged that the signal on this channel is
No call signal FRREQ being intended for oneself, if (i.e. within the 5.2ms time, it is successfully found frame head,
And the corresponding ID that receives mates with self ID), send back induction signal FRREP (lattice the most on this channel
As shown in Figure 4, wherein frame head is 30 bits to formula, and transmitting ID and reception ID uses the letter of 1/2 speed
Road encodes), frequency is assembled successfully, and process terminates；Otherwise (i.e. within the 5.2ms time, can not find frame head,
Or find the most corresponding ID that receives of frame head not mate with self ID), skip to step 2.2.
(2) from
Randomly choose multiple channel (1 ＜ channel number ＜ M2) carry out parallel demodulation analysis,
On each parallel branch, it is judged that whether the signal on this channel is intended for call signal FRREQ of oneself,
(if within the 5.2ms time, be i.e. successfully found frame head, and the corresponding ID that receives mate with self ID),
Send back the most on this channel induction signal FRREP (as shown in Figure 4, wherein frame head is 30 bits to form,
Transmitting ID and reception ID is used the chnnel coding of 1/2 speed), frequency is assembled successfully, and process terminates；
If the signal on the channel of all analyses be not FRREQ (i.e. within the 5.2ms time, can not find frame head,
Or find the most corresponding ID that receives of frame head not mate with self ID), skip to step 2.2.
(3) to all M2Individual channel carries out parallel demodulation analysis, on each parallel branch, it is judged that this letter
Whether the signal on road is intended for call signal FRREQ of oneself, if (i.e. becoming within the 5.2ms time
Merit finds frame head, and the corresponding ID that receives mates with self ID), send back induction signal the most on this channel
(as shown in Figure 4, wherein frame head is 30 bits to form to FRREP, to launching ID and receiving ID employing
The chnnel coding of 1/2 speed), frequency is assembled successfully, and process terminates；If all M2Letter on individual channel
Number it is not that FRREQ (i.e. can not find frame head within the 5.2ms time, but or finds frame head correspondence to connect
Receive ID not mate with self ID), skip to step 2.2.
Claims (7)
1. a cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method, including the blind frequency convergence method of call-originating end
With exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end；The blind frequency convergence method of described call-originating end includes walking as follows
Rapid:
Step 1.1: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtains spectrum interposition information, and is remembered by each idle channel
ForWherein M1For idle channel number, make k=1；
Step 1.2: judge whether to meet termination condition, if it is, point out unsuccessfully, process terminates, no
Then, next step is continued；
Step 1.3: at channelUpper transmission call signal FRREQ, and intercept back-signalling FRREP；
Step 1.4: if successfully listening to respond, then frequency is assembled successfully, and process terminates and starts communication,
Otherwise, next step is continued；
Step 1.5: make k=k+1, if k is ＞ M1, skip to step 1.1, otherwise, skip to step 1.2；
Described comprised the steps: by the blind frequency convergence method exhaling end
Step 2.1: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtains each channel status；
Step 2.2: carry out broader frequency spectrum perception, obtains each channel status, and the channel this obtained
The channel status that state and last time obtain compares, if it find that certain channel is become occupied by the free time,
Then this channel is designated asWherein M2Become, from the free time, the channel number that takies for state, continue step
Rapid 2.3, otherwise, re-execute step 2.2；
Step 2.3: according to Channel assignment mechanism fromCertain channel is selected to be demodulated analyzing, it is judged that letter
Whether the signal on road is intended for call signal FRREQ of oneself, sends back the most on this channel
Induction signal FRREP, frequency is assembled successfully, otherwise, skips to step 2.2.
2. according to a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.2 of described call-originating end, termination condition can be set as being allowed
Maximum time Tmax, it is also possible to it is set as maximum number of calls K attemptedmax, TmaxAnd KmaxFor prior root
The predetermined value arranged according to the quality of service requirement of user.
3. according to a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.3 of described call-originating end, FRREQ total time a length of 2Ts+Tp,
Wherein TsFor the time expended needed for broader frequency spectrum perception, TpThe time taken for useful information, useful information
Mainly include frame head, launch ID and receive ID, launch ID and identify self ID, receive ID mark expectation
Receive the cognitive radio ID of this signal, exhaled end needs whether to mate according to these information and judge whether
It is intended for the FRREQ signal of oneself.
4. according to a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described by the blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 exhaling end, FRREP is designed as: FRREP total time is long
Degree is Tp, TpThe time taken for useful information, useful information mainly includes frame head, launches ID and reception
ID；Launch ID and identify self ID, receive ID mark expectation and receive the cognitive radio ID of this signal.
5. according to a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.4 of described call-originating end, if successfully listen to back-signalling
The judgement of FRREP is according to being: at channelOn be demodulated, from demodulated stream find frame head, as
Fruit is successfully found the reception ID of frame head and correspondence and mates with self ID, then it is assumed that successfully listen to
FRREP, if at time TpFrame head cannot be found or find frame head ID to mate in but, then it is assumed that
The most successfully listen to respond FRREP.
6. according to a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described by the blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 exhaling end, Channel assignment mechanism can use following three kinds of sides
One in formula:
(1) fromA channel is selected to be demodulated analyzing；
(2) fromM channel of middle selection carries out parallel demodulation analysis, wherein 1 ＜ m ＜ M2；
(3) all channels are carried out parallel demodulation analysis, for reducing computation complexity, optional heterogeneous filter
Ripple realizes.
7. according to a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described by the blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 exhaling end, it is judged that whether the signal on channel is intended for oneself
The basis for estimation of call signal FRREQ be: be demodulated in respective channel, from demodulated stream
Finding frame head, if finding frame head, then coupling receives ID and is exhaled end self ID, if coupling, then it is assumed that become
Merit have received FRREQ, if from demodulation time started Ts+TpIn cannot find frame head, or find frame
Head still ID does not mates, then it is assumed that be not successfully receiving FRREQ.
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| CN101715224A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-05-26 | 南通大学 | Method for assigning integrated routing and channels of cognitive wireless mesh networks |
| CN101860937A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2010-10-13 | 北京交通大学 | Frequency spectrum switching method in distributed cognitive radio network |
| WO2010124986A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Method for identifying an ofdm signal |
| CN101895893A (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2010-11-24 | 中国人民解放军重庆通信学院 | Dwelling channel selection method for solving deaf problem of cognitive radio wireless network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010124986A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Method for identifying an ofdm signal |
| CN101715224A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-05-26 | 南通大学 | Method for assigning integrated routing and channels of cognitive wireless mesh networks |
| CN101860937A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2010-10-13 | 北京交通大学 | Frequency spectrum switching method in distributed cognitive radio network |
| CN101895893A (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2010-11-24 | 中国人民解放军重庆通信学院 | Dwelling channel selection method for solving deaf problem of cognitive radio wireless network |
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