CN102869115A - Cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of radio communication. The technical problem to be solved is, in view of the defects of the prior art, to provide a cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method, which can be used to establish a communication link between a transmitting end and a receiving end in a rapid, simple and robust way in a cognitive radio system without the need for a common control channel. The method can adapt to a situation in which two sides to communicate are consistent in spectrum environment or a situation in which two sides to communicate are not fully consistent in spectrum environment. The cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method comprises a blind frequency convergence method of a cognitive radio calling end and a blind frequency convergence method of a cognitive radio called end. According to the invention, an initial communication link between the two sides to communicate can be established automatically and rapidly with the non-existence of a common control channel by designing a call signal format, a response signal format and a detailed handshake protocol between the calling end and the called end; and the method has the advantages of simplicity, rapidity and robustness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, particularly set up call-originating end in the cognitive radio and exhaled end to hold the blind frequency convergence method of communication link.
Technical background
Along with the fast development of radio communication, the contradiction between rare electromagnetic spectrum resource and the growing spectrum requirement.Under existing fixed frequency spectrum allocation model, this contradiction has greatly limited development and the evolution of emerging cordless communication network.And on the other hand, a large amount of research and statisticss show, the fixed frequency spectrum distribution policy has caused the low of frequency spectrum utilization rate.In order to improve the availability of frequency spectrum, alleviate the contradiction of spectrum requirement, people share frequency spectrum in the mode that has proposed in recent years dynamic spectrum access, thus the utilance of Effective Raise frequency spectrum.Cognitive radio technology is exactly the intelligent wireless communication technology that realizes the dynamic spectrum resource-sharing.
Need to solve a series of technical barriers before cognitive radio is realized, it is exactly one of them that the initial link circuit between the communicating pair is set up.Conventional communication techniques can simply be finished the process of setting up of initial link circuit through consultation owing to knowing in advance system parameter message on a Common Control Channel.But, under cognitive radio environment, because the availability of frequency spectrum resource is to depend on that the primary user (is authorized user, use to wireless frequency spectrum has priority) behavior, only have when the primary user does not use corresponding frequency spectrum, cognitive user (also claim time user, the priority that wireless frequency spectrum is used is lower than the primary user) could be used corresponding frequency spectrum hole, therefore, can't available Common Control Channel of predefined.This will find the solution certainly in without the Common Control Channel situation, how set up the problem of cognitive radio communicating pair initial link circuit, and this problem is also referred to as blind frequency and assembles (Blind Frequency Rendezvous).
Assemble problem for the blind frequency of cognitive radio, some results of study have been arranged at present.Han Chuan etc. disclose the method for setting up communication link between base station and the travelling carriage in a kind of cognitive radio scene in its patent of invention " link establishing method in a kind of cognitive radio scene " (publication number CN 1829385A), but they the link establishment process such as do not call out or reply to base station and travelling carriage How to choose frequency and are described in detail.Horine etc. have proposed that a kind of (content sees for details as the blind frequency convergence method of call signal with multi-tone signal, B.Horine and D.Turgut, " Link rendezvous protocol for cognitive radio networks; " Proc.of IEEE DySPAN 2007, pp.444-447, April2007), transmitting terminal sends the multi-tone signal of special characteristic in the frequency spectrum hole that detects, receiving terminal is replied the call signal of this feature by wide band detection, thereby finishes handshake procedure.The shortcoming of this method is that the spectrum signature that receiving terminal relies on this multi-tone signal is come call signal is identified, therefore, a plurality of receivers may detect simultaneously this call signal and reply, thereby cause the unnecessary response of other receivers except the expectation receiver.The researcher such as DaSilva and Theis has proposed a kind of blind frequency convergence method based on sequence, and (content sees for details, L.DaSilva and I.Guerreiro, " Sequence based rendezvous for dynamic spectrum access; " Proc.of IEEE DySPAN 2008, pp.1-7, Oct.2008; And, N.C.Theis, R.W.Thomas, and L.A.DaSilva, " Rendezvous for cognitive radios, " IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2010), transmitting terminal and receiving terminal are by accessing each channel according to specific sequence, so that both sides can meet at certain same channel.But they do not provide concrete handshake procedure, in the situation that without Timing Synchronization, set up link even treat that communicating pair meets also might not guarantee successfully to shake hands in same frequency spectrum hole.Another shortcoming of this method is that the required time of expending of its frequency aggregation procedure is longer.But Wu's dysprosium etc. disclose a kind of cognition radio communication link method for building up based on no-rate codes in patent of invention " based on foundation and the maintaining method of the cognition radio communication link of no-rate codes " (publication number CN 101325461A), transmitting terminal is encoded to packets of information and the framing emission according to the coded system of no-rate codes, receiving terminal by no-rate codes the coding/decoding method information extraction and reply, thereby finish the foundation of link.The shortcoming of this method is to need to send the foundation that a large amount of packets just can be finished communication link, and system's implementation complexity is higher, and required blind frequency convergence time is longer.The people such as Pu have proposed a kind of blind frequency convergence protocol, and (content sees for details, D.Pu, A.M.Wyglinski, and M.McLemon, " A frequency rendezvous approach for decentralized dynamic spectrum access networks, " Proc.IEEE Int.Conf.Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Netw.Commun., pp.1-6, Jun.2009), the equal broadcast pilot sound on unappropriated frequency of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal wherein.When the major defect of this method was that the broadcast pilot sound is asynchronous, the interference meeting between each pilot tone was more serious, thereby affects performance.
Hence one can see that, the blind frequency convergence method of existing these cognitive radios or be that implementation procedure is imperfect, that the required overlong time that expends, system's implementation complexity are higher, therefore, also lack a kind of realize simple, assemble fast, the blind frequency convergence method sane to spectrum environment, this is the present invention's method that will propose target place that will reach just.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of cognitive radio blind frequency convergence method, can in cognitive radio system, need not under the condition of Common Control Channel, set up fast, simply, steadily communication link between transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal, the method can adapt to treats the communicating pair spectrum environment unanimously or incomplete consistent situation.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution of the present invention is:
The blind frequency convergence method of a kind of cognitive radio comprises the blind frequency convergence method of call-originating end and is exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end; The blind frequency convergence method of described call-originating end comprises the steps:
Step 1.1: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain frequency spectrum hole information, and each idle channel is designated as
M wherein
1Channel number for the free time makes k=1;
Step 1.2: judge whether to satisfy termination condition, if so, then point out unsuccessfully, process stops, otherwise, continue next step;
Step 1.3: at channel
Upper transmission call signal FRREQ, and intercept back-signalling FRREP;
Step 1.4: if successfully listen to response, then frequency is assembled successfully, and process stops and begin communicating by letter, otherwise, continue next step;
Step 1.5: make k=k+1, if k＞M
1, skip to step 1.1, otherwise, skip to step 1.2;
The described blind frequency convergence method of end of being exhaled comprises the steps:
Step 2.1: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain each channel status;
Step 2.2: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain each channel status, and this channel status that obtains and the last channel status that obtains are compared, if it is occupied to find that certain channel was become by the free time, then this channel is designated as
M wherein
2For state is become the channel number that takies by the free time, continue step 2.3, otherwise, re-execute step 2.2;
Step 2.3: according to channel select mechanism from
Select certain channel to carry out demodulation analysis, judge whether the signal on the channel issues the call signal FRREQ of oneself, if, then sending it back induction signal FRREP at this channel, frequency is assembled successfully, otherwise, skip to step 2.2.
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.2 of described call-originating end, termination condition can be set as the maximum time T that allows
Max, also can be set as the maximum number of calls K that attempts
Max, T
MaxAnd K
MaxBe the prior predetermined value that arranges according to user's quality of service requirement.
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.3 of described call-originating end, FRREQ total time length is 2T
s+ T
p, T wherein
sBe the required time of expending of broader frequency spectrum perception, T
pThe time that takies for useful information, useful information comprises frame head, emission ID and receives ID, emission ID sign self ID receives the cognitive radio ID that the expectation of ID sign receives this signal, is exhaled end whether to mate to judge whether the being FRREQ signal of issuing oneself according to these information.These three territories that useful information comprises (frame head, emission ID and reception ID) are that FRREQ is identified required minimum territory, can increase as required in the reality.
In the blind frequency convergence method step 1.4 of described call-originating end, whether successfully listen to the judgement of back-signalling FRREP according to being: at channel
On carry out demodulation, from demodulated stream, seek frame head, if successfully find frame head and corresponding reception ID to mate with self ID, then think successfully to have listened to FRREP, if in time T
pBut in can't find frame head or find frame head ID to mate, then think successfully not listen to and respond FRREP.
In the described blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 of being exhaled end, channel selects mechanism can adopt a kind of in following three kinds of modes:
(1) from
Select a channel to carry out demodulation analysis;
(2) from
M channel of middle selection carries out the parallel demodulation analysis, wherein 1＜m＜M
2
(3) all channels are carried out the parallel demodulation analysis, for reducing computation complexity, the filtering of optional majority phase realizes.
In the described blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 of being exhaled end, the basis for estimation whether signal on the judgement channel issues the call signal FRREQ of oneself is: carry out demodulation in respective channel, from demodulated stream, seek frame head, if find frame head, then coupling receives ID and is exhaled the end self ID, if coupling is then thought successfully to have received FRREQ, if from demodulation time started T
s+ T
pIn can't find frame head, but or find frame head ID not mate, then think successfully not receive FRREQ.
In the described blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 of being exhaled end, FRREP is designed to: FRREP total time length is T
p, comprising frame head, emission ID and reception ID.Emission ID sign self ID receives the cognitive radio ID that the expectation of ID sign receives this signal.Three territories (frame head, emission ID and reception ID) are that FRREP is identified required minimum territory, can increase as required in the reality.
The present invention can bring following beneficial effect:
The invention has the advantages that blind link aggregation procedure need not to exist in advance Common Control Channel, the unanimously or complete consistent situation in communicating pair frequency spectrum hole is all had robustness, the link establishment process is quick, realizes simply, has very strong reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the blind frequency convergence method flow chart of cognitive radio call-originating end of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the designed FRREQ structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the blind frequency convergence method flow chart that cognitive radio of the present invention is exhaled end.
Fig. 4 is the designed FRREP structure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.These embodiment are interpreted as only being used for explanation the present invention and are not used in restriction protection scope of the present invention.After the content of having read the present invention's record, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalences change and modification falls into claim limited range of the present invention equally.
The blind frequency convergence method of cognitive radio of the present invention comprises the blind frequency convergence method of call-originating end and is exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end.If: the cognitive system frequency spectrum resource is total up to 300 channels by channel distribution, carries out label according to frequency order from small to large, be designated as [1,2 ..., 300]; It is 3ms, i.e. T that cognitive radio carries out the required time of expending of perception to all 300 channels
s=3ms; The patient blind frequency convergence time of institute of system is the longest to be 8 seconds; The cognitive system rate of information throughput is 50kbps; Each cognitive user has the ID of a 20bit that it is carried out unique identification in the system, and all users know the ID of other cognitive user.
The blind frequency convergence method (as shown in Figure 1) of cognitive radio call-originating end comprises the steps:
Step 1.1: all 300 channels are carried out perception, each idle channel is designated as
M wherein
1Be the channel number of free time, M
1≤ 300, make k=1;
Step 1.2: judge whether to satisfy termination condition (namely judge among this embodiment and whether add up call time above 8 seconds), if, then point out " frequency is assembled unsuccessfully " and termination procedure, otherwise, next step continued;
Step 1.3: at channel
Upper transmission call signal FRREQ (the FRREQ form as shown in Figure 2, wherein frame head is 30 bits, to emission ID and receive the chnnel coding that ID adopts 1/2 speed), and begin to intercept back-signalling FRREP;
Step 1.4: if at channel
Upward successfully listen to response (namely successfully obtain frame head, and the reception ID of FRREP and self ID coupling), then frequency is assembled successfully, the process termination; If at channel
On successfully do not listen to response (but namely do not find frame head in the time at 2.2ms, perhaps find frame head receive the ID territory and self ID is not mated), then continue next step;
Step 1.5: make k=k+1.If k＞M
1, skip to step 1.1, otherwise, skip to step 1.2.
Cognitive radio is exhaled the blind frequency convergence method (as shown in Figure 3) of end, comprises the steps:
Step 2.1: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain 300 each and every one channel statuss (with 0 sign channel idle, 1 sign channel is occupied);
Step 2.2: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain each channel status (with 0 sign channel idle, 1 sign channel is occupied), and the channel status that this channel status that obtains and last time are obtained compares, if it is occupied to find that certain (or some) channel status was become by the free time, then this (or these) channel is designated as
M wherein
2For state is become the channel number that takies, 1≤M by the free time
2≤ 300, continue step 2.3; If there do not have any one channel status to be become by the free time to be occupied, then re-execute step 2.2;
Step 2.3: adopt one of following three kinds of steps:
(1) from
Channel of random selection carries out demodulation analysis, judge whether the signal on this channel issues the call signal FRREQ of oneself, if (namely successfully find frame head in the time at 5.2ms, and corresponding ID and the self ID coupling of receiving), then send it back induction signal FRREP (form as shown in Figure 4, wherein frame head is 30 bits, to emission ID and receive the chnnel coding that ID adopts 1/2 speed) at this channel, frequency is assembled successfully, and process stops; Otherwise (namely can not find frame head at 5.2ms in the time, perhaps find frame head but the corresponding ID of reception and self ID are not mated) skips to step 2.2.
(2) from
Random a plurality of channels (1＜channel number＜M that selects
2) carry out the parallel demodulation analysis, on each parallel branch, judge whether the signal on this channel issues the call signal FRREQ of oneself, if (namely successfully find frame head in the time at 5.2ms, and corresponding ID and the self ID coupling of receiving), (form is as shown in Figure 4 then to send it back induction signal FRREP at this channel, wherein frame head is 30 bits, emission ID and reception ID are adopted the chnnel coding of 1/2 speed), frequency is assembled successfully, and process stops; If the signal on the channel of all analyses all is not FRREQ (namely can not find frame head at 5.2ms in the time, perhaps find frame head but the corresponding ID of reception and self ID are not mated), skip to step 2.2.
(3) to all M
2Individual channel carries out the parallel demodulation analysis, on each parallel branch, judge whether the signal on this channel issues the call signal FRREQ of oneself, if (namely successfully find frame head in the time at 5.2ms, and corresponding ID and the self ID coupling of receiving), (form is as shown in Figure 4 then to send it back induction signal FRREP at this channel, wherein frame head is 30 bits, emission ID and reception ID are adopted the chnnel coding of 1/2 speed), frequency is assembled successfully, and process stops; If all M
2Signal on the individual channel all is not FRREQ (namely can not find frame head at 5.2ms in the time, perhaps find frame head but the corresponding ID of reception and self ID are not mated), skips to step 2.2.
Claims (7)
1. blind frequency convergence method of cognitive radio comprises the blind frequency convergence method of call-originating end and is exhaled the blind frequency convergence method of end; The blind frequency convergence method of described call-originating end comprises the steps:
Step 1.1: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain frequency spectrum hole information, and each idle channel is designated as
M wherein
1Channel number for the free time makes k=1;
Step 1.2: judge whether to satisfy termination condition, if so, then point out unsuccessfully, process stops, otherwise, continue next step;
Step 1.3: at channel
Upper transmission call signal FRREQ, and intercept back-signalling FRREP;
Step 1.4: if successfully listen to response, then frequency is assembled successfully, and process stops and begin communicating by letter, otherwise, continue next step;
Step 1.5: make k=k+1, if k＞M
1, skip to step 1.1, otherwise, skip to step 1.2;
The described blind frequency convergence method of end of being exhaled comprises the steps:
Step 2.1: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain each channel status;
Step 2.2: carry out the broader frequency spectrum perception, obtain each channel status, and this channel status that obtains and the last channel status that obtains are compared, if it is occupied to find that certain channel was become by the free time, then this channel is designated as
M wherein
2For state is become the channel number that takies by the free time, continue step 2.3, otherwise, re-execute step 2.2;
Step 2.3: according to channel select mechanism from
Select certain channel to carry out demodulation analysis, judge whether the signal on the channel issues the call signal FRREQ of oneself, if, then sending it back induction signal FRREP at this channel, frequency is assembled successfully, otherwise, skip to step 2.2.
2. according to the blind frequency convergence method of a kind of cognitive radio claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the blind frequency convergence method step 1.2 of described call-originating end, termination condition can be set as the maximum time T that allows
Max, also can be set as the maximum number of calls K that attempts
Max, T
MaxAnd K
MaxBe the prior predetermined value that arranges according to user's quality of service requirement.
3. according to the blind frequency convergence method of a kind of cognitive radio claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the blind frequency convergence method step 1.3 of described call-originating end, FRREQ total time length is 2T
s+ T
p, T wherein
sBe the required time of expending of broader frequency spectrum perception, T
pThe time that takies for useful information, useful information mainly comprises frame head, emission ID and receives ID, emission ID sign self ID receives the cognitive radio ID that the expectation of ID sign receives this signal, is exhaled end whether to mate to judge whether the being FRREQ signal of issuing oneself according to these information.
4. according to the blind frequency convergence method of a kind of cognitive radio claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 of being exhaled end, FRREP is designed to: FRREP total time length is T
p, T
pBe the time that useful information takies, useful information mainly comprises frame head, emission ID and receives ID.Emission ID sign self ID receives the cognitive radio ID that the expectation of ID sign receives this signal.
5. according to the blind frequency convergence method of a kind of cognitive radio claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the blind frequency convergence method step 1.4 of described call-originating end, whether successfully listen to the judgement of back-signalling FRREP according to being: at channel
On carry out demodulation, from demodulated stream, seek frame head, if successfully find frame head and corresponding reception ID to mate with self ID, then think successfully to have listened to FRREP, if in time T
pBut in can't find frame head or find frame head ID to mate, then think successfully not listen to and respond FRREP.
6. according to the blind frequency convergence method of a kind of cognitive radio claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 of being exhaled end, channel selects mechanism can adopt a kind of in following three kinds of modes:
(1) from
Select a channel to carry out demodulation analysis;
(2) from
M channel of middle selection carries out the parallel demodulation analysis, wherein 1＜m＜M
2
(3) all channels are carried out the parallel demodulation analysis, for reducing computation complexity, the filtering of optional majority phase realizes.
7. according to the blind frequency convergence method of a kind of cognitive radio claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described blind frequency convergence method step 2.3 of being exhaled end, the basis for estimation whether signal on the judgement channel issues the call signal FRREQ of oneself is: carry out demodulation in respective channel, from demodulated stream, seek frame head, if find frame head, then coupling receives ID and is exhaled the end self ID, if coupling, then think successfully to have received FRREQ, if from demodulation time started T
s+ T
pIn can't find frame head, but or find frame head ID not mate, then think successfully not receive FRREQ.
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| CN112601292A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-04-02 | 鹤壁天海电子信息系统有限公司 | Link establishment method, communication terminal and computer readable storage medium |
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