CN102868003A - Device and method for detecting internal gas pressure of lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Device and method for detecting internal gas pressure of lithium ion battery Download PDF

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CN102868003A
CN102868003A CN2012103102652A CN201210310265A CN102868003A CN 102868003 A CN102868003 A CN 102868003A CN 2012103102652 A CN2012103102652 A CN 2012103102652A CN 201210310265 A CN201210310265 A CN 201210310265A CN 102868003 A CN102868003 A CN 102868003A
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battery
tested
lithium
gas
shaped tube
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刘成士
王晨旭
宫璐
张艳霞
谢佳
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Gotion High Tech Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置及方法,锂离子电池内部气体压力检测是根据玻意耳定理设定方程P1×V1=P2×(V1+△V),式中:P1和V1为电池原始内部压力和体积,P2和△V分别为电池排气后气压和气体体积变化量,利用本发明提供的装置测量出P2和△V,再测出V1,就可计算出P1。本发明通过U型管的结构实现了对电池内部气压的检测,结构简单,测量方便,而且实现对锂离子电池内部气体压力实时、有效的检测,指导对锂离子电池本体结构和安全阀的设计,对消除锂离子电池安全隐患起到重要作用。

The invention discloses a device and method for detecting the internal gas pressure of a lithium-ion battery. The detection of the internal gas pressure of the lithium-ion battery is based on the Boyle's theorem to set the equation P 1 ×V 1 =P 2 ×(V 1 +△V), In the formula: P 1 and V 1 are the original internal pressure and volume of the battery, P 2 and △V are the air pressure and gas volume change after the battery is exhausted respectively, and P 2 and △V are measured by the device provided by the invention, and then measured From V 1 , P 1 can be calculated. The invention realizes the detection of the internal air pressure of the battery through the structure of the U-shaped tube, the structure is simple, the measurement is convenient, and the real-time and effective detection of the internal gas pressure of the lithium-ion battery is realized, which guides the design of the lithium-ion battery body structure and safety valve , Play an important role in eliminating hidden dangers of lithium-ion batteries.

Description

锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置及方法Lithium-ion battery internal gas pressure detection device and method

技术领域 technical field

    本发明涉及锂离子电池领域,尤其涉及一种锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置及方法。 The present invention relates to the field of lithium-ion batteries, in particular to a device and method for detecting gas pressure inside a lithium-ion battery.

背景技术 Background technique

随着能源短缺和环境压力带来的问题,锂离子电池将会得到广泛的应用,特别是电动汽车行业,锂离子电池将会得到广泛的应用,因此其安全性能显的尤其重要。锂离子电池是一个密闭的反应容器,电池内部存在电解液的分解反应、电解液和负极反应、电解液和正极反应,特别在一些滥用条件下和特殊环境下,这些反应都会加剧,比如过充、过放、短路和高温环境下,这些反应加剧,产生大量的气体,气体的聚集造成电池的内压升高,若不能及时排出,将出现爆炸现象,发生安全事故。目前行业内都是使用防爆阀来解决这个问题,但是防爆阀的极限压力设计必须在安全范围,极限压力过高则电池内部气体不能及时排出而导致电池爆炸,极限压力过低则又会导致电池过早失效,降低电池使用寿命。因此测量电池内部气体压力非常重要。 With the problems caused by energy shortage and environmental pressure, lithium-ion batteries will be widely used, especially in the electric vehicle industry, lithium-ion batteries will be widely used, so their safety performance is particularly important. Lithium-ion battery is a closed reaction container. There are decomposition reactions of electrolyte, electrolyte and negative electrode reaction, electrolyte and positive electrode reaction inside the battery. Especially under some abuse conditions and special environments, these reactions will be intensified, such as overcharge , over-discharge, short-circuit and high-temperature environment, these reactions will intensify, and a large amount of gas will be generated. The accumulation of gas will cause the internal pressure of the battery to rise. If it cannot be discharged in time, an explosion will occur and a safety accident will occur. At present, explosion-proof valves are used in the industry to solve this problem, but the limit pressure design of the explosion-proof valve must be within a safe range. If the limit pressure is too high, the gas inside the battery will not be discharged in time, causing the battery to explode. If the limit pressure is too low, it will cause the battery to explode. Premature failure reduces battery life. Therefore, it is very important to measure the gas pressure inside the battery.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置及方法。 The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for detecting gas pressure inside a lithium-ion battery in order to remedy the defects of the prior art.

本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的: The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,包括有内部放有液体的U型管和放气装置,所述的放气装置包括有上、下电池夹板,将待测电池放在两电池夹板之间,两电池夹板之间通过螺杆固定,所述的待测电池上方固定有放气腔体,放气腔体穿过所述的上电池夹板并与上电池夹板密封连接,所述的放气腔体底端为进气口,侧面设有出气口,顶端密封,出气口通过气管与所述的U型管右腔体连接,放气腔体内出气口上侧放有活塞,放气腔体内还放有扎孔针,所述的扎孔针尖端接触待测电池上部,用于在待测电池上扎孔,扎孔针另一端穿过活塞和放气腔体顶端并固定在把手上,所述的把手由支撑架支撑并带动扎孔针上下移动。 A device for detecting gas pressure inside a lithium-ion battery, including a U-shaped tube with liquid inside and a gas release device, the gas release device includes upper and lower battery splints, and the battery to be tested is placed between the two battery splints Between the two battery splints, the two battery splints are fixed by screw rods, and a gas release cavity is fixed above the battery to be tested, and the gas discharge cavity passes through the upper battery splint and is sealed and connected with the upper battery splint. The bottom of the cavity is an air inlet, the side is provided with an air outlet, and the top is sealed. The air outlet is connected to the right cavity of the U-shaped tube through a trachea. A piston is placed on the upper side of the air outlet in the deflation cavity. There is also a piercing needle, the tip of the piercing needle contacts the upper part of the battery to be tested, and is used to pierce holes on the battery to be tested, and the other end of the piercing needle passes through the top of the piston and the venting cavity and is fixed on the handle. The handle is supported by the support frame and drives the piercing needle to move up and down.

一种采用上述装置进行的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测方法,包括如下步骤: A method for detecting the internal gas pressure of a lithium-ion battery by using the above-mentioned device, comprising the steps of:

(1)由把手带动扎孔针向下移动,扎针孔在待测电池上扎有小孔,待测电池内的气体进入放气腔体内并从出气口进入气管内排进U型管的右腔体内,直到U型管内两边的液面静止,记录下液面高度差值为h,待测电池排气后内部气压P2=P0+ρgh,电池内部气体体积变化量ΔV=1/2hS,其中P0为大气压强,ρ为U型管内液体密度,S为U型管截面积; (1) The handle drives the piercing needle to move downward, and the piercing hole is pierced with a small hole on the battery to be tested. The gas in the battery to be tested enters the venting cavity and enters the trachea from the gas outlet into the U-shaped tube. In the right cavity, until the liquid surface on both sides of the U-shaped tube is still, record the difference in liquid level as h, after the battery to be tested is exhausted, the internal air pressure P2=P0+ρgh, the gas volume change in the battery ΔV=1/2hS, Among them, P0 is the atmospheric pressure, ρ is the liquid density in the U-shaped tube, and S is the cross-sectional area of the U-shaped tube;

(2)将排气后的待测电池取出称重,记为W1,把待测电池放进一个盛满有机溶剂的容器中,并完全浸没,把容器放进真空箱,不断的抽真空,有机溶剂填充待测电池内排出的气体体积,拿出待测电池把表面的有机溶剂清除干净并称重记为W2,待测电池排出的气体体积为V1=(W2-W1)/ρ1,ρ1为有机溶剂密度; (2) Take out the exhausted battery to be tested and weigh it, record it as W1, put the battery to be tested into a container filled with organic solvent, and completely submerge it, put the container into a vacuum box, and continuously evacuate it. The organic solvent fills the volume of gas discharged from the battery to be tested. Take out the battery to be tested to remove the organic solvent on the surface and weigh it as W2. The volume of gas discharged from the battery to be tested is V1=(W2-W1)/ρ1, ρ1 is the organic solvent density;

(3)根据玻意耳定律P1V1=P2(V1+ΔV),计算出待测气体内部压力P1。 (3) According to Boyle's law P1V1=P2(V1+ΔV), calculate the internal pressure P1 of the gas to be measured.

所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的待测电池的上、下面与上、下电池夹板之间分别设有上、下密封垫。 The device for detecting gas pressure inside the lithium-ion battery is characterized in that: upper and lower gaskets are respectively provided between the upper and lower surfaces of the battery to be tested and the upper and lower battery splints.

所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的放气腔体直径为10到30mm,材质为不锈钢;所述的扎孔针针头直径为1到2mm,材质为不锈钢。 The gas pressure detection device inside the lithium-ion battery is characterized in that: the diameter of the deflation cavity is 10 to 30 mm, and the material is stainless steel; the diameter of the piercing needle is 1 to 2 mm, and the material is stainless steel.

所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的U型管内的液体为乙醇、乙酸乙酯。 The gas pressure detection device inside the lithium-ion battery is characterized in that the liquid in the U-shaped tube is ethanol or ethyl acetate.

本发明的优点是:本发明通过U型管的结构实现了对电池内部气压的检测,结构简单,测量方便,而且实现对锂离子电池内部气体压力实时、有效的检测,指导对锂离子电池本体结构和安全阀的设计,对消除锂离子电池安全隐患起到重要作用。 The advantages of the present invention are: the present invention realizes the detection of the internal pressure of the battery through the structure of the U-shaped tube. The design of structure and safety valve plays an important role in eliminating hidden dangers of lithium-ion batteries.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

图2为本发明中放气装置的放大图。 Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the deflation device in the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

如图1、2所示,一种锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,包括有内部放有液体的U型管3和放气装置1,所述的放气装置1包括有上、下电池夹板5、6,将待测电池4放在两电池夹板之间,两电池夹板之间通过螺杆7固定,所述的待测电池4上方固定有放气腔体8,放气腔体8穿过所述的上电池夹板5并与上电池夹板5密封连接,所述的放气腔体8底端为进气口,侧面设有出气口,顶端密封,出气口通过气管2与所述的U型管3右腔体连接,放气腔体8内出气口上侧放有活塞9,放气腔体8内还放有扎孔针10,所述的扎孔针10尖端接触待测电池4上部,用于在待测电池4上扎孔,扎孔针10另一端穿过活塞9和放气腔体8顶端并固定在把手11上,所述的把手11由支撑架12支撑并带动扎孔针10上下移动。 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a gas pressure detection device inside a lithium-ion battery includes a U-shaped tube 3 with liquid inside and a deflation device 1, and the deflation device 1 includes upper and lower battery splints 5, 6, put the battery to be tested 4 between the two battery splints, the two battery splints are fixed by the screw 7, the air release cavity 8 is fixed above the battery to be tested 4, and the air release cavity 8 passes through The upper battery splint 5 is sealed and connected with the upper battery splint 5, the bottom of the deflation cavity 8 is an air inlet, the side is provided with an air outlet, and the top is sealed, and the air outlet is connected to the U through the air pipe 2. The right cavity of the type tube 3 is connected, a piston 9 is placed on the upper side of the air outlet in the deflation cavity 8, and a piercing needle 10 is also placed in the deflation chamber 8, and the tip of the piercing needle 10 contacts the battery to be tested 4 The upper part is used for piercing holes on the battery 4 to be tested. The other end of the piercing needle 10 passes through the top of the piston 9 and the deflation cavity 8 and is fixed on the handle 11. The handle 11 is supported by the support frame 12 and drives the piercing. The hole needle 10 moves up and down.

一种采用上述装置进行的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测方法,包括如下步骤: A method for detecting the internal gas pressure of a lithium-ion battery by using the above-mentioned device, comprising the steps of:

(1)由把手11带动扎孔针10向下移动,扎针孔10在待测电池4上扎有小孔,待测电池4内的气体进入放气腔体8内并从出气口进入气管2内排进U型管3的右腔体内,直到U型管3内两边的液面静止,记录下液面高度差值为h,待测电池4排气后内部气压P2=P0+ρgh,电池内部气体体积变化量ΔV=1/2hS,其中P0为大气压强,ρ为U型管内液体密度,S为U型管截面积; (1) The handle 11 drives the piercing needle 10 to move downward, and the piercing hole 10 has a small hole in the battery 4 to be tested, and the gas in the battery 4 to be tested enters the deflation cavity 8 and enters the trachea from the gas outlet 2 into the right chamber of the U-shaped tube 3 until the liquid surface on both sides of the U-shaped tube 3 is still, record the difference in liquid level as h, and the internal air pressure P2=P0+ρgh after the battery 4 to be tested is exhausted, The volume change of the gas inside the battery ΔV=1/2hS, where P0 is the atmospheric pressure, ρ is the liquid density in the U-shaped tube, and S is the cross-sectional area of the U-shaped tube;

(2)将排气后的待测电池取出称重,记为W1,把待测电池4放进一个盛满有机溶剂的容器中,并完全浸没,把容器放进真空箱,不断的抽真空,有机溶剂填充待测电池内排出的气体体积,拿出待测电池把表面的有机溶剂清除干净并称重记为W2,待测电池排出的气体体积为V1=(W2-W1)/ρ1,ρ1为有机溶剂密度; (2) Take out the exhausted battery to be tested and weigh it, record it as W1, put the battery to be tested 4 into a container filled with organic solvent, and completely submerge it, put the container into a vacuum box, and continuously evacuate it , the organic solvent fills the volume of gas discharged from the battery to be tested, take out the battery to be tested, remove the organic solvent on the surface and weigh it as W2, the volume of gas discharged from the battery to be tested is V1=(W2-W1)/ρ1, ρ1 is the organic solvent density;

(3)根据玻意耳定律P1V1=P2(V1+ΔV),计算出待测气体内部压力P1。 (3) According to Boyle's law P1V1=P2(V1+ΔV), calculate the internal pressure P1 of the gas to be measured.

所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的待测电池4的上、下面与上、下电池夹板5、6之间分别设有上、下密封垫13。 The device for detecting gas pressure inside the lithium-ion battery is characterized in that upper and lower gaskets 13 are provided between the upper and lower surfaces of the battery to be tested 4 and the upper and lower battery splints 5 and 6, respectively.

所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的放气腔体8直径为10到30mm,材质为不锈钢;所述的扎孔针10针头直径为1到2mm,材质为不锈钢。 The device for detecting gas pressure inside the lithium-ion battery is characterized in that: the diameter of the degassing cavity 8 is 10 to 30 mm, and the material is stainless steel; the diameter of the needle head 10 is 1 to 2 mm, and the material is Stainless steel.

所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的U型管3内的液体为乙醇、乙酸乙酯。 The gas pressure detection device inside the lithium-ion battery is characterized in that the liquid in the U-shaped tube 3 is ethanol or ethyl acetate.

Claims (5)

1.一种锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:包括有内部放有液体的U型管和放气装置,所述的放气装置包括有上、下电池夹板,将待测电池放在两电池夹板之间,两电池夹板之间通过螺杆固定,所述的待测电池上方固定有放气腔体,放气腔体穿过所述的上电池夹板并与上电池夹板密封连接,所述的放气腔体底端为进气口,侧面设有出气口,顶端密封,出气口通过气管与所述的U型管右腔体连接,放气腔体内出气口上侧放有活塞,放气腔体内还放有扎孔针,所述的扎孔针尖端接触待测电池上部,扎孔针另一端穿过活塞和放气腔体顶端并固定在把手上,所述的把手由支撑架支撑并带动扎孔针上下移动。 1. A lithium-ion battery internal gas pressure detection device is characterized in that: it includes a U-shaped tube and a gas release device with liquid inside, and the gas release device includes upper and lower battery splints, and the battery to be tested Placed between the two battery splints, the two battery splints are fixed by screws, and a venting cavity is fixed above the battery to be tested, and the venting cavity passes through the upper battery splint and is sealed and connected with the upper battery splint , the bottom end of the deflation chamber is an air inlet, the side is provided with an air outlet, and the top is sealed, and the air outlet is connected to the right cavity of the U-shaped tube through a trachea, and the upper side of the air outlet in the deflation chamber is placed Piston, there is also a piercing needle in the deflation chamber, the tip of the piercing needle contacts the upper part of the battery to be tested, the other end of the piercing needle passes through the piston and the top of the deflation chamber and is fixed on the handle, the handle It is supported by the support frame and drives the piercing needle to move up and down. 2.一种采用权利要求1所述的装置进行的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤: 2. A method for detecting the internal gas pressure of a lithium-ion battery using the device according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising the steps of: (1)由把手带动扎孔针向下移动,扎针孔在待测电池上扎有小孔,待测电池内的气体进入放气腔体内并从出气口进入气管内排进U型管的右腔体内,直到U型管内两边的液面静止,记录下液面高度差值为h,待测电池排气后内部气压P2=P0+ρgh,电池内部气体体积变化量ΔV=1/2hS,其中P0为大气压强,ρ为U型管内液体密度,S为U型管截面积; (1) The handle drives the piercing needle to move downward, and the piercing hole is pierced with a small hole on the battery to be tested. The gas in the battery to be tested enters the venting cavity and enters the trachea from the gas outlet into the U-shaped tube. In the right cavity, until the liquid surface on both sides of the U-shaped tube is still, record the difference in liquid level as h, after the battery to be tested is exhausted, the internal air pressure P2=P0+ρgh, the gas volume change in the battery ΔV=1/2hS, Among them, P0 is the atmospheric pressure, ρ is the liquid density in the U-shaped tube, and S is the cross-sectional area of the U-shaped tube; (2)将排气后的待测电池取出称重,记为W1,把待测电池放进一个盛满有机溶剂的容器中,并完全浸没,把容器放进真空箱,不断的抽真空,有机溶剂填充待测电池内排出的气体体积,拿出待测电池把表面的有机溶剂清除干净并称重记为W2,待测电池排出的气体体积为V1=(W2-W1)/ρ1,ρ1为有机溶剂密度; (2) Take out the exhausted battery to be tested and weigh it, record it as W1, put the battery to be tested into a container filled with organic solvent, and completely submerge it, put the container into a vacuum box, and continuously evacuate it. The organic solvent fills the volume of gas discharged from the battery to be tested. Take out the battery to be tested to remove the organic solvent on the surface and weigh it as W2. The volume of gas discharged from the battery to be tested is V1=(W2-W1)/ρ1, ρ1 is the organic solvent density; (3)根据玻意耳定律P1V1=P2(V1+ΔV),计算出待测气体内部压力P1。 (3) According to Boyle's law P1V1=P2(V1+ΔV), calculate the internal pressure P1 of the gas to be measured. 3.根据权利要求1所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的待测电池的上、下面与上、下电池夹板之间分别设有上、下密封垫。 3. The device for detecting gas pressure inside a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: upper and lower gaskets are respectively provided between the upper and lower surfaces of the battery to be tested and the upper and lower battery splints. 4.根据权利要求1所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的放气腔体直径为10到30mm,材质为不锈钢;所述的扎孔针针头直径为1到2mm,材质为不锈钢。 4. The device for detecting gas pressure inside a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the degassing cavity is 10 to 30 mm, and the material is stainless steel; the diameter of the needle head of the piercing needle is 1 to 30 mm. 2mm, made of stainless steel. 5.根据权利要求1所述的锂离子电池内部气体压力检测装置,其特征在于:所述的U型管内的液体为乙醇、乙酸乙酯。 5. The device for detecting gas pressure inside a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the liquid in the U-shaped tube is ethanol or ethyl acetate.
CN2012103102652A 2012-08-28 2012-08-28 Device and method for detecting internal gas pressure of lithium ion battery Pending CN102868003A (en)

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CN110487348A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-11-22 浙江长虹飞狮电器工业有限公司 The gas amount detecting device of alkaline battery
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CN112433166A (en) * 2020-11-22 2021-03-02 同济大学 Multi-dimensional detection method and structure for internal failure reaction of lithium ion power battery
CN112540109B (en) * 2020-11-27 2023-07-18 江苏大学 A method and device for synchronously calculating the amount of hydrogen evolution during electrochemical testing
CN112540109A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-23 江苏大学 Method and device for synchronously calculating hydrogen evolution amount during electrochemical test
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