CN102866510B - 2*4 optical bridge for free space - Google Patents
2*4 optical bridge for free space Download PDFInfo
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- CN102866510B CN102866510B CN201210327743.0A CN201210327743A CN102866510B CN 102866510 B CN102866510 B CN 102866510B CN 201210327743 A CN201210327743 A CN 201210327743A CN 102866510 B CN102866510 B CN 102866510B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a 2*4 optical bridge for a free space. The 2*4 optical bridge is provided with a piece of standard isosceles right-triangular optical glass, a quarter-wave plate, a first half-wave plate, a second half-wave plate, a third half-wave plate, a first polarization beam splitter, a second polarization beam splitter, a third polarization beam splitter, a first half-pentagonal prism, a second half-pentagonal prism, a third half-pentagonal prism and a fourth half-pentagonal prism, wherein the first half-wave plate, the second half-wave plate and the third half-wave plate are same in structure; the first polarization beam splitter, the second polarization beam splitter and the third polarization beam splitter are same in structure; and the first half-pentagonal prism, the second half-pentagonal prism, the third half-pentagonal prism and the fourth half-pentagonal prism are same in structure. A signal laser and a local oscillator laser are linked and a required phase shift is generated, so as to further perform photo-electric conversion, signal demodulation and phase lock. The optical bridge is one of the key parts of a coherent light communication system. The 2*4 optical bridge for the free space has the advantages of simple structure, stable and reliable property and small loss, is suitable for laser coherent communication of the free space, and has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, easiness in integration, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to light bridge, particularly a kind of free space 2 × 4 light bridges, the four-way that can produce 90 degree phase shift different spacing synthesizes light beam, can carry out balance reception, and implementation space 2 × 4 bridge joints, are mainly used in laser space communication.
Background technology
Coherent communication system is the important research direction of large capacity, high code check laser communication system, particularly between star, in laser communication system, has important application.The passage receiving end of a coherent light homodyne communication is made up of the machine laser oscillator, photoelectron reception, phase-locked loop, light bridge (Hybrid) and flashlight receiving light path.Signal laser and local oscillator laser links are arrived optoelectronic receiver by light bridge, and make it to produce required phase relation, and the performance of light bridge determines the receptivity of coherent communication system, is therefore one of Primary Component of coherent optical communication system.Due in laser space communication system, not only need to survey the communication information, also need detecting location information, therefore need to develop the space light bridge of free-space propagation type.
Optical bridging device major function be before the accurate composite signal laser wave in space and local oscillator laser wave before, to produce both difference frequencies.In performance, light bridge is divided into: 90 ° of phase shifts, two passages outputs, the structures such as 180 ° of phase shift two passages outputs and the output of 90 ° of phase shift four-ways.180 ° of phase shift 2 × 2 light bridges can be used for balance phase-locked loop receiver, 90 ° of phase shift 2 × 2 light bridges can be used for costas phase lock loop road receiver, and 90 ° of phase shift 2 × 4 light bridges can be used for the receiver that balance receives and costas phase lock loop road combines.90 degree phase shift 2 × 4 light bridges can be used for balance and receive and costas phase lock loop road receiver, and because balanced reciver can produce and the identical performance of ideal receiver, thereby 90 ° of light bridges of 2 × 4 are widely studied.
In existing scheme, space light bridge mainly adopts wave plate and beam splitter to realize and consults document (1), R.Garreis, C.Zeiss, " 90 ° of optical hybrid for coherent receivers, " Proc.SPIE, Vol.1522, pp.210-219,1991, the composition of its optical bridging device is referring to Fig. 2, comprise: adjustable quarter-wave plate 1, polarization beam apparatus 2, half-wave plate 3, beam splitter 4, convex lens 5.Flashlight
e swith local oscillator light
e lodiffer the synthetic light beam of 90 ° of four-ways through the output of optical bridging device.Its output beam spacing is subject to forming original paper size restrictions, and differing 90 ° two group 180, to spend the synthetic light beam outbound course of phase shift four-way vertical, cannot realize in the parallel output of same plane four road light beam.Document (2), Liu Liren, Yan Aimin, Luan Zhu, Liu Dean, Sun Jianfeng, Wang Lijuan, clockwise are red, birefringence free space optical bridge, the patent No., 200610026338, publication number, CN1844960.Referring to Fig. 3, its light bridge comprises: input signal beam 1, input local beam 2, birefringence optics flat board 3, birefringence optics flat board 4, wave plate 5, birefringence optics flat board 6, birefringence optics flat board 7, output beam 9,10,11,12.Its corresponding output beam separating distance is subject to the restriction at the dull and stereotyped length of birefringence and maximum separation angle, and output beam spacing is little.Output beam arrangement mode is matrix form, cannot realize in the parallel output of same plane.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of free space optical bridge, the advantage such as this light bridge has simple and compact for structure, stable and reliable for performance, and cumulative errors is little.Can realize the light beam output of different channel pitch Si road by the distance changing between element, fine setting is convenient, can ensure the spacing requirement between two light beams.Four road output beams are the parallel beam in same plane, can realize the parallel reception of four road light beams, the actual needs that easier meeting spatial laser communication balance receives.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of free space 2 × 4 light bridges, its feature is to comprise an accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass, quarter-wave plate, there is the first half-wave plate, the second half-wave plate and the 3rd half-wave plate of same structure, have the first polarization beam apparatus, the second polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus of same structure, the first half pentagonal prisms with same structure, the second half pentagonal prisms, the 3 half pentagonal prism and the 4 half pentagonal prism, the position relationship of above-mentioned component is as follows:
Right angle place at described accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass arranges the first polarization beam apparatus, quarter-wave plate described in this first polarization beam apparatus two adjacent surfaces are outwardly sticked respectively and the first half-wave plate are using the plane of incidence as local beam and signal beams, the second half-wave plate described in another two adjacent surfaces are sticked, the 3rd half-wave plate is as exit facet, in the centre position of two right-angle sides of described accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass, described the second polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus are set respectively, at the hypotenuse of described angle of collimation triangle optical glass, described the first half pentagonal prisms are set, the second half pentagonal prisms, the 3 half pentagonal prism and the 4 half pentagonal prism, vertical and the first right-angle side of the parallel described angle of collimation triangle optical glass of right angle minor face in the long limit, right angle of described the first half pentagonal prisms, parallel and the right angle minor face in the long limit, right angle of described the second half pentagonal prisms is perpendicular to the first right-angle side of angle of collimation triangle optical glass, parallel and the right angle minor face in long limit, the right angle of the 3 half described pentagonal prism is perpendicular to the second right-angle side of angle of collimation triangle optical glass, limit is grown vertically and the second right-angle side of the parallel described angle of collimation triangle optical glass of right angle minor face in the right angle of the 4 half described pentagonal prism,
When signal beams through too fast axle the first half-wave plate from the horizontal by 22.5 °, after the polarization direction of light beam rotates 45 °, incident the first polarization beam apparatus, local beam is through too fast axle and level quarter-wave plate at 45 °, form after circularly polarized light, incident the first polarization beam apparatus, local beam and signal beams are divided into the aplanatic light beam that sees through the light beam of the second half-wave plate and see through the 3rd half-wave plate after the first polarization beam apparatus coupling:
The light beam of described transmission the second half-wave plate is the second polarization beam apparatus described in incident after the second half-wave plate produces 180 degree phase shifts, be divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam through the second polarization beam apparatus, this transmitted light beam is exported the first light beam from the vertical input in long limit, right angle of described the first half pentagonal prisms by the first half pentagonal prisms, and this folded light beam is exported the second light beam through the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the second half pentagonal prisms by the second half pentagonal prisms;
The light beam of described transmission the 3rd half-wave plate is the 3rd polarization beam apparatus described in incident after the 3rd half-wave plate produces 180 degree phase shifts, incident beam is divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam by the 3rd polarization beam apparatus, this folded light beam is exported the 3rd light beam from the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the 3 half pentagonal prism by the 3 half pentagonal prism, this transmitted light beam is exported the 4th light beam through the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the 4 half pentagonal prism by the 4 half pentagonal prism, the first described light beam, the second light beam, the 3rd light beam and the 4th light beam are in same plane.
The first described light beam, the second light beam, the spacing distance between the 3rd light beam and the 4th light beam is regulated and is determined by the second described polarization beam apparatus, the 3rd polarization beam apparatus, the first half pentagonal prisms, the second half pentagonal prisms, position relationship that the 3 half pentagonal prism is relative with the 4 half pentagonal prism.
Light intensity corresponding to four road output beams is respectively
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention has realized a kind of space 2 × 4 bridge joints, in spatial coherent laser communication receiver for hybrid laser signal of communication light beam and local oscillation laser beam and produce the synthetic light beam output of 90 ° of phase shift four-ways, be in harmonious proportion phase-locked further to carry out light-to-current inversion and signal solution.This Free Space Optics bridge is specially adapted to free space coherent laser communication, its composition original paper is few, reduce cumulative errors, convenient fine setting, can ensure spacing between two light beams, can realize the synthetic parallel reception of light beam of 90 ° of phase shift four-ways of different spacing, realize miniaturization, lightweight, low-power consumption and high code check future for satellite borne laser communication terminal and be of practical significance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of free space optical bridge of the present invention.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the structural representations of existing free space optical bridge.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, novel free space optical bridge of the present invention is described further, but should limit the scope of the invention with this.
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of free space optical bridge of the present invention.Also be the structural representation of a specific embodiment of the present invention.As seen from the figure, free space 2 × 4 light bridges of the present invention, comprise an accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass 10, quarter-wave plate 3, there is the first half-wave plate 4, the second half-wave plate 5 and the 3rd half-wave plate 6 of same structure, have the first polarization beam apparatus 7, the second polarization beam apparatus 8 and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 9 of same structure, the first half pentagonal prisms 11 with same structure, the second half pentagonal prism the 12, the 3 half pentagonal prism the 13 and the 4 half pentagonal prisms 14, the position relationship of above-mentioned component is as follows:
At the right angle place of described accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass 10, the first polarization beam apparatus 7 is set, quarter-wave plate 3 described in this first polarization beam apparatus 7 two adjacent surfaces are outwardly sticked respectively and the first half-wave plate 4 are using the plane of incidence as local beam 2 and signal beams 1, the second half-wave plate 5 described in another two adjacent surfaces are sticked, the 3rd half-wave plate 6 is as exit facet, in the centre position of two right-angle sides of described accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass, described the second polarization beam apparatus 8 and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 9 are set respectively, at the hypotenuse of described angle of collimation triangle optical glass, described the first half pentagonal prisms 11 are set, the second half pentagonal prisms 12, the 3 half pentagonal prism the 13 and the 4 half pentagonal prism 14, vertical and the first right-angle side of the parallel described angle of collimation triangle optical glass of right angle minor face in the long limit, right angle of described the first half pentagonal prisms 11, parallel and the right angle minor face in the long limit, right angle of described the second half pentagonal prisms 12 is perpendicular to the first right-angle side of angle of collimation triangle optical glass, parallel and the right angle minor face in long limit, the right angle of the 3 half described pentagonal prism 13 is perpendicular to the second right-angle side of angle of collimation triangle optical glass, limit is grown vertically and the second right-angle side of the parallel described angle of collimation triangle optical glass of right angle minor face in the right angle of the 4 half described pentagonal prism 14,
When signal beams 1 through too fast axle the first half-wave plate 4 from the horizontal by 22.5 °, after the polarization direction of light beam rotates 45 °, incident the first polarization beam apparatus 7, local beam 2 is through too fast axle and level quarter-wave plate 3 at 45 °, form after circularly polarized light, incident the first polarization beam apparatus 7, local beam and signal beams are divided into the aplanatic light beam that sees through the light beam of the second half-wave plate 5 and see through the 3rd half-wave plate 6 after the first polarization beam apparatus 7 couplings:
The light beam of described transmission the second half-wave plate 5 is the second polarization beam apparatus 8 described in incident after the second half-wave plate 5 produces 180 degree phase shifts, be divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam through the second polarization beam apparatus 8, this transmitted light beam is exported the first light beam 21 from the vertical input in long limit, right angle of described the first half pentagonal prisms 11 by the first half pentagonal prisms 11, and this folded light beam is exported the second light beam 22 through the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the second half pentagonal prisms 12 by the second half pentagonal prisms 12;
The light beam of described transmission the 3rd half-wave plate 6 is the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 9 described in incident after the 3rd half-wave plate 6 produces 180 degree phase shifts, incident beam is divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam by the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 9, this folded light beam is exported the 3rd light beam 23 from the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the 3 half pentagonal prism 13 by the 3 half pentagonal prism 13, this transmitted light beam is exported the 4th light beam 24 through the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the 4 half pentagonal prism 14 by the 4 half pentagonal prism 14, the first described light beam 21, the second light beam 22, the 3rd light beam 23 and the 4th light beam 24 are in same plane.
Spacing distance between described the first light beam 21, the second light beam 22, the 3rd light beam 23 and the 4th light beam 24 is regulated and is determined by the relative position relation of described the second polarization beam apparatus 8, the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 9, the first half pentagonal prisms 11, the second half pentagonal prism the 12, the 3 half pentagonal prism the 13 and the 4 half pentagonal prisms 14.
Obviously, it is also feasible that quarter-wave plate 3 described in two adjacent surfaces of the first described polarization beam apparatus 7 are sticked respectively and the first half-wave plate 4 are exchanged, as long as keep local beam 2 from 3 incidents of described quarter-wave plate, signal beams 1 is from the first described half-wave plate 4 incidents.
Respectively after described the first half pentagonal prisms 11, the second half pentagonal prism the 12, the 3 half pentagonal prism the 13, the 4 half pentagonal prisms 14, balance is exported the first light beam 21, the second light beam 22, the 3rd light beam 23 and the 4th light beam 24, phase shift is respectively 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, implementation space 2 × 4 bridge joints.
By changing the first polarization beam apparatus 7 and the second polarization beam apparatus 8, distance between the first polarization beam apparatus 7 and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 9, the spacing that can realize the first output beam 21 and the second output beam 22 centers and the 3rd output beam 23 and the 4th output beam 24 centers changes; By changing distance between half pentagonal prism and adjacent polarization beam apparatus or changing the incoming position of light beam at the long right-angle side of half pentagonal prism, can change the spacing between the first output beam 21 and the second output beam 22, spacing between the 3rd output beam 23 and the 4th output beam 24, thus realize different outlet chamber distances four-way balance receive.
The design parameter of embodiment below: light beam 1 is identical with the diameter of light beam 2.Described polarization beam apparatus 7,8,9 physical dimensions are identical is 10mm × 10mm × 10mm.Wave plate 3,4,5,6 sizes are identical is 10mm × 10mm.The long right-angle side 20mm of size of half pentagonal prism, short right-angle side 8mm, 112.5 °, obtuse angle.Spacing between output beam 21 and output beam 22, the spacing between output beam 23 and output beam 24 is 20mm.Polarization beam apparatus 7 and polarization beam apparatus 8, the centre distance 40mm between polarization beam apparatus 7 and polarization beam apparatus 9, arranges along base plate right-angle side, and the distance at the half adjacent polarization beam apparatus of pentagonal prism hypotenuse centre distance center is 34mm.Base plate right-angle side 85mm.
The advantages such as free space optical bridge of the present invention has simple in structure, stable and reliable for performance, and loss is little, are applicable to the communication of free space laser coherence, have miniaturization, and lightweight, is easy to the features such as integrated.
Claims (2)
1. free space 2 × 4 light bridges, it is characterized in that comprising an accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass (10), quarter-wave plate (3), there is first half-wave plate (4) of same structure, the second half-wave plate (5) and the 3rd half-wave plate (6), there is first polarization beam apparatus (7) of same structure, the second polarization beam apparatus (8) and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (9), there are the first half pentagonal prisms (11) of same structure, the second half pentagonal prisms (12), the 3 half pentagonal prism (13) and the 4 half pentagonal prism (14), the position relationship of above-mentioned component is as follows:
At the right angle place of described accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass (10), the first polarization beam apparatus (7) is set, quarter-wave plate (3) described in this first polarization beam apparatus (7) two adjacent surfaces are outwardly sticked respectively and the first half-wave plate (4) are using the plane of incidence as local beam (2) and signal beams (1), the second half-wave plate (5) described in another two adjacent surfaces are sticked, the 3rd half-wave plate (6) is as exit facet, in the centre position of the first right-angle side of described accurate isosceles right triangle optical glass, described the second polarization beam apparatus (8) is set, the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (9) is set in the centre position of the second right-angle side, at the hypotenuse of described angle of collimation triangle optical glass, described the first half pentagonal prisms (11) are set, the second half pentagonal prisms (12), the 3 half pentagonal prism (13) and the 4 half pentagonal prism (14), vertical and the first right-angle side of the parallel described angle of collimation triangle optical glass of right angle minor face in the long limit, right angle of described the first half pentagonal prisms (11), parallel and the right angle minor face in the long limit, right angle of described the second half pentagonal prisms (12) is perpendicular to the first right-angle side of angle of collimation triangle optical glass, parallel and the right angle minor face in long limit, the right angle of the 3 half described pentagonal prism (13) is perpendicular to the second right-angle side of angle of collimation triangle optical glass, limit is grown vertically and the second right-angle side of the parallel described angle of collimation triangle optical glass of right angle minor face in the right angle of the 4 half described pentagonal prism (14),
When signal beams (1) through too fast axle the first half-wave plate (4) from the horizontal by 22.5 °, after the polarization direction of light beam rotates 45 °, incident the first polarization beam apparatus (7), local beam (2) is through too fast axle and level quarter-wave plate (3) at 45 °, form after circularly polarized light, incident the first polarization beam apparatus (7), local beam and signal beams are divided into the aplanatic light beam that sees through the light beam of the second half-wave plate (5) and see through the 3rd half-wave plate (6) after the first polarization beam apparatus (7) coupling:
The light beam of described transmission the second half-wave plate (5) is the second polarization beam apparatus (8) described in incident after the second half-wave plate (5) produces 180 degree phase shifts, be divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam through the second polarization beam apparatus (8), this transmitted light beam from the vertical input in long limit, right angle of described the first half pentagonal prisms (11) by the first half pentagonal prism (11) output the first light beams (21), this folded light beam through the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the second half pentagonal prisms (12) by the second half pentagonal prism (12) output the second light beams (22)
The light beam of described transmission the 3rd half-wave plate (6) is the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (9) described in incident after the 3rd half-wave plate (6) produces 180 degree phase shifts, incident beam is divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam by the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (9), this folded light beam is exported the 3rd light beam (23) from the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the 3 half pentagonal prism (13) by the 3 half pentagonal prism (13), this transmitted light beam is exported the 4th light beam (24) through the vertical input in long limit, right angle of the 4 half pentagonal prism (14) by the 4 half pentagonal prism (14), described the first light beam (21), the second light beam (22), the 3rd light beam (23) and the 4th light beam (24) are in same plane.
2. free space 2 × 4 light bridges according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the first light beam (21), the second light beam (22), the spacing distance between the 3rd light beam (23) and the 4th light beam (24) is regulated and is determined by the position relationship of described the second polarization beam apparatus (8), the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (9), the first half pentagonal prisms (11), the second half pentagonal prisms (12), the 3 half pentagonal prism (13) and the 4 half pentagonal prism (14).
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