CN102865198B - Floating foundation of offshore wind-driven generator - Google Patents
Floating foundation of offshore wind-driven generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102865198B CN102865198B CN201210327853.7A CN201210327853A CN102865198B CN 102865198 B CN102865198 B CN 102865198B CN 201210327853 A CN201210327853 A CN 201210327853A CN 102865198 B CN102865198 B CN 102865198B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a floating foundation of an offshore wind-driven generator, comprising at least one floating foundation unit; the floating foundation unit comprises a tower column, a wind-driven generator, a plurality of float bowls, a connecting rod, a square support, a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod; the wind-driven generator is arranged at the upper end of the tower column; the plurality of float bowls are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the tower column, the lower ends of the adjacent float bowls are fixedly connected through the square support, and the upper ends of the adjacent float bowls are fixedly connected through the connecting rod; the upper ends of the float bowls are fixedly connected with the middle part of the tower column through the first supporting rod, and the square support fixed at the lower ends of the float bowls is fixedly connected with the lower end of the tower column through the second supporting rod; and the square support is located below the surface of seawater, and the lower ends of the float blows are fixedly connected with the seabed. The floating foundation disclosed by the invention is favorable in stability and capable of adjusting the position of the center of the gravity and the resonant frequency of the wind-driven generator and reducing the unbalance degree of bulk movement of the floating foundation in waves. Changed power combination is realized through a plurality of floating foundations so that different power utilization requirements are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of offshore wind energy plant, be specifically related to a kind of buoyant foundation of offshore wind generating.
Background technique
Wind energy, as a kind of clean renewable energy sources, is more and more subject to the attention of countries in the world.At present, wind-power electricity generation project major part is on land.Along with the development of wind generating technology, Oversea wind power generation becomes the frontier of Wind Power Development gradually.Because offshore wind speed enriches, and can not by the restriction of land use.Wind resource due to sea is much better than land, and pelagic division wind resource is better than again the neritic area of littoral zone, to be inevitable direction so wind-power electricity generation moves towards off-lying sea.Present offshore wind farm project multidigit in greater coasting area, employing be fixed basis.Development region, off-lying sea deep-sea wind-power electricity generation, buoyant foundation is then inevitable selection.
Existing buoyant foundation mainly comprises Spar architecture basics, three float structure basis and TLP architecture basics three kinds of forms.Existing buoyant foundation adopts higher power levels axis wind power generator mostly, and the bodily form of buoyant foundation is huge, and transport and the Attention problems difficulty of buoyant foundation are high, cost large, and the poor stability of buoyant foundation, easily rock, tilt, even overturning.These three kinds of buoyant foundations cannot adjust according to the feature of marine site disturbance simultaneously, then it is under irregular wave environment, and the fluctuations in wind speed acted on blower fan will cause the fluctuation of output power.These large-scale horizontal axis blower fans need accurately to run wind, thus make yaw system frequent starting.Adopt high-power wind-driven generator not easily according to power load flexible configuration in addition.As the islands and reefs of living some less people, total power consumption is less, and utilizes high-power blower generating just to cause the waste of resource.
Chinese patent (201010156412.6) discloses a kind of flexible floating foundation for offshore wind generating sets.The each floating drum of this patent is connected with the sidepiece of tower cylinder by width bar, and the bottom of floating drum is connected with the anchorage be fixed on sea bed by anchor chain, is connected between each buoyant foundation by elasticity cablet simultaneously, thus improves the stability of buoyant foundation.But the poor stability of the single buoyant foundation of this patent, and unit uses elasticity cablet to connect, and easily collides, and causes buoyant foundation easily to damage.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that the present invention exists to overcome above prior art, provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, be less likely to occur to rock, tilt, adjusting power generator position of centre of gravity and resonant frequency, reduce the buoyant foundation of the offshore wind generating of the uneven degree of buoyant foundation mass motion in wave.
Object of the present invention is realized by following technological scheme: the buoyant foundation of this offshore wind generating, comprise multiple buoyant foundations unit, described buoyant foundation unit comprises king-post and wind-driven generator, wind-driven generator is installed on the upper end of king-post, also comprise multiple floating drum, connecting rod, square support, the first strut and the second strut, described multiple floating drum is uniformly distributed in the periphery of king-post, and adjacent floating drum lower end is fixedly connected with by square support, and upper end is fixedly connected with by connecting rod; Floating drum upper end is fixedly connected with in the middle part of king-post by the first strut, and the square support of being fixed on floating drum lower end is fixedly connected with the lower end of king-post by the second strut; Square support is positioned at below the water surface of seawater, and the lower end of floating drum is fixedly connected with seabed.
Preferred as one, described connecting rod, the first strut and the second strut are set to hollow circular pipe.
Preferred as one, described square support is set to hollow rectangular tube, and the inside of square support is provided with multiple dividing plate, thus increases the rigidity of square support, and the two ends of square support are individually fixed in two adjacent floating drums.
The buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises flexible connector, and described multiple buoyant foundations unit is connected to form buoyant foundation group by flexible connector, and buoyant foundation unit is horizontal distribution.Be combined into the mode of buoyant foundation group, make the buoyant foundation of this offshore wind generating can adapt to different sea situations, in the stormy waves environment of ocean, there is good global stability.
Preferred as one, described flexible connector comprises spring, cable wire, 2 axles and 2 splined sleeves, and the two ends of cable wire are individually fixed in 2 splined sleeve one end, and spring is placed on cable wire, and the two ends of spring are individually fixed in 2 splined sleeve one end; One end of 2 axles is fixedly installed in the other end of 2 splined sleeves respectively, and the other end of axle is installed on the sidepiece of the floating drum of adjacent floating base unit.Spring plays the effect of damping in moving between unit, cable wire then ensures that two unit move in the distance of setting, does not occur the situation that camber of spring destroys.This setting ensure that can not collide between each buoyant foundation.
One end of described axle is provided with fixture block, and splined sleeve comprises housing and locking block, and housing is inserted in one end of axle, and locking block is placed on axle, and is fixed in housing.When one end of axle is inserted in housing, recycling locking block is locked axle.
The quantity of the floating drum of described each buoyant foundation unit is 3; Described buoyant foundation group comprises multiple buoyant foundations group unit, and each buoyant foundation group unit comprises 6 buoyant foundation unit, and these 6 buoyant foundation unit are arranged in Hexagon, and is connected by flexible connector between adjacent two buoyant foundation unit; Two adjacent buoyant foundation group unit are connected by flexible connector.Each floating unit is fixedly connected into leg-of-mutton structure by square support and connecting rod, because triangle has high stability, is not easy distortion, thus provides highly stable framework for buoyant foundation.The quantity of buoyant foundation group determines according to using the electricity of needs, and utilizing between each buoyant foundation unit has the flexible connector of damping characteristic to connect, and buoyant foundation unit is horizontal distribution on sea level.Utilize multiple low power combination of wind-driven generator, to meet different needs for electricity, for ocean platform and islands and reefs electric power supply is provided time, can Local Area Network be formed, remove costly long distance seabed transmission of electricity and grid-connected from.
Described wind-driven generator is low power vertical axis aerogenerator.Vertical axis aerogenerator is when change of the wind without the need to wind, and highly also lower than horizontal axis blower fan, and structure is simple, maintenance cost is low.Simultaneously, owing to decreasing wind wheel to gyro power during wind and decrease blower fan wind-engaging and run active force to basis, thus reduce the degree of rocking, tilting of buoyant foundation, and then ensure that this buoyant foundation has better stability than horizontal axis blower fan buoyant foundation.
The buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises anchor chain, and described buoyant foundation group is connected with seabed by anchor chain, and the lower end of described floating drum is provided with ballast tank, and the lower end of floating drum is fixedly connected with seabed by anchor chain, and ballast tank is equipped with mass.Reasonable adjustment mass also can further improve the stability of buoyant foundation.And mass can use seawater, iron sand etc.
The buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises tension cord, and described buoyant foundation group is fixedly connected with seabed by tension cord, and the lower end of described floating drum is fixedly connected with seabed by tension cord.
Described buoyant foundation group can also use the efficient combination of tension cord and anchor chain to realize better anchoring stablizing effect.
The buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises reinforcing bar, and one end of described second strut is fixedly connected on the middle part of square support, and the other end is fixed on the lower end of king-post, and the two ends of reinforcing bar are fixedly connected on the middle part of two adjacent square supports respectively; Described first strut is provided with worktable, and king-post is through the center of worktable; Be provided with 6 fixing rods and stiffening rib below worktable, fixing rod presents hexagonal array and connects, and the two ends of fixing rod are fixedly connected on the first adjacent strut respectively simultaneously; King-post is fixed in one end of stiffening rib, and the other end is fixed on fixing rod.Reinforcing bar forms multiple triangle with square support and the second strut, utilizes leg-of-mutton stability feature greatly can improve the structure stability of buoyant foundation unit.
Preferred as one, described worktable is regular hexagon, and fixing rod is set to hollow circular pipe, and stiffening rib uses T bar material.Worktable, for supporting the staff repairing and install wind-force electrical machinery, will facilitate the I&M for buoyant foundation and wind-driven generator greatly.Fixing rod and stiffening rib strengthen the rigidity of worktable, thus make the support force that worktable provides enough, improve the Security that staff works on the table.Worktable also can arrange rounded.
The present invention has following advantage relative to prior art:
Floating drum lower end in the buoyant foundation of 1, the buoyant foundation of offshore wind generating of the present invention is rigidly connected by square support, and the square support of square-tube-shaped is positioned at underwater, thus utilize the underwater viscous force of square support, thus the effect rocking and tilt to play suppression to buoyant foundation unit, improve the stability of whole buoyant foundation unit.
Connect to form buoyant foundation group by flexible connector between the buoyant foundation unit of 2, offshore wind generating of the present invention, thus overall stability can be improved.And the buoyant foundation of this Oversea wind motor can the quantity of connected floating base unit flexibly, determines the quantity of buoyant foundation unit, reduce cost, increase the benefit as the power consumption according to the people lived in island.
3, the buoyant foundation of offshore wind generating of the present invention adopts small power vertical axle wind-mill generator, the group of low power vertical axis aerogenerator composition is compared with the separate unit high-power generator of Same Efficieney, and the construction of low power wind-driven generator and buoyant foundation group and installation cost are far below separate unit high-power wind-driven generator and buoyant foundation thereof.
4, the buoyant foundation of offshore wind generating of the present invention utilizes the buoyant foundation group of low power wind driven generator group, thus greatly reduce the height of buoyant foundation unit, about 50 meters are reduced to from about traditional 150 meters, thus make position of centre of gravity decline, improve the stability of buoyant foundation unit, and low power wind driven generator is lightweight, height of C.G. is low, and wind-driven generator running is little with influencing each other of buoyant foundation unit motion.
5 each buoyant foundation unit of the present invention are connected by flexible connector, thus ensure both to maintain a certain distance between each buoyant foundation unit, avoid each buoyant foundation unit to collide, mutually pin down again simultaneously, improve the global stability of buoyant foundation group.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the buoyant foundation unit of a kind of offshore wind generating of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the plan view after the buoyant foundation unit of a kind of offshore wind generating of the present invention removes wind-driven generator.
Fig. 3 is the component layout plan of plane residing for square support in the unit of buoyant foundation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the component layout plan of plane residing for worktable in the unit of buoyant foundation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of flexible connector of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the explosive view of flexible connector of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of multiple buoyant foundation unit combination group of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the plan view of multiple buoyant foundation unit combination group of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that the buoyant foundation unit of embodiments of the invention 1 adopts anchor chain to be connected with seabed.
Figure 10 is the structural representation that the buoyant foundation unit of embodiments of the invention 2 adopts tension cord to be connected with seabed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The buoyant foundation of a kind of offshore wind generating as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise multiple buoyant foundations unit 17, described buoyant foundation unit 17 comprises king-post 3 and wind-driven generator 4, wind-driven generator 4 is installed on the upper end of king-post 3, also comprise multiple floating drum 1, connecting rod 2, square support 9, first strut 5 and the second strut 7, described multiple floating drum 1 is uniformly distributed in the periphery of king-post 3, and adjacent floating drum 3 lower end is fixedly connected with by square support 9, and upper end is fixedly connected with by connecting rod 2; Floating drum 1 upper end is fixedly connected with in the middle part of king-post 3 by the first strut 5, and the square support 9 of being fixed on floating drum 1 lower end is fixedly connected with the lower end of king-post 3 by the second strut 7; Square support 9 is positioned at below the water surface of seawater, and the lower end of floating drum 1 is fixedly connected with seabed.
As Fig. 3, described square support 9 is set to hollow rectangular tube, and the inside of square support 9 is provided with multiple dividing plate 10, and dividing plate 10 is distributed in square support 9, thus increases the rigidity of square support 9, and the two ends of square support 9 are individually fixed in two adjacent floating drums 1.
Preferred as one, the quantity of described dividing plate 10 is 3, is evenly fixed on the inside of square support 9.
As Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, the buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises flexible connector 18, and described multiple buoyant foundations unit 17 is connected to form buoyant foundation group by flexible connector 18, and buoyant foundation unit 17 is in horizontal distribution.Be combined into the mode of buoyant foundation group, make the buoyant foundation of this offshore wind generating can adapt to different sea situations, there is the good overall stability in ocean wave.And by the combination of crossing buoyant foundation unit 17, with satisfied different power consumption requirement. more
Described flexible connector 18 comprises spring 16, cable wire 15,2 axles 13 and 2 splined sleeves 14, and the two ends of cable wire 15 are individually fixed in 2 splined sleeve 14 one end, and spring 16 is placed on cable wire 15, and the two ends of spring 16 are individually fixed in 2 splined sleeve 14 one end; One end of 2 axles 13 is fixedly installed in the other end of 2 splined sleeves 14 respectively, and the other end of axle 13 is installed on the sidepiece of the floating drum 1 of adjacent floating base unit 17.Spring plays the effect of damping in moving between unit, cable wire then ensures that two unit move in the distance of setting, does not occur the situation that camber of spring destroys.This setting ensure that can not collide between each buoyant foundation.
One end of described axle 13 is provided with fixture block 131, and splined sleeve 14 comprises housing 142 and locking block 141, and housing 142 is inserted in one end of axle 13, and locking block 141 is placed on axle 13, and is fixed in housing 142.When one end of axle 13 is inserted in housing 142, recycling locking block 141 pairs of axles 13 are locked.
The quantity of the floating drum 1 of described each buoyant foundation unit 17 is 3; Described buoyant foundation group comprises multiple buoyant foundations group unit, and each buoyant foundation group unit comprises 6 buoyant foundation unit 17, and these 6 buoyant foundation unit 17 are arranged in Hexagon, and is connected by flexible connector 18 between adjacent two buoyant foundation unit 17; Two adjacent buoyant foundation group unit are connected by flexible connector 18.Each floating drum 1 is fixedly connected into leg-of-mutton structure by square support 9 and connecting rod 2, because triangle has high stability, is not easy distortion, thus provides highly stable framework for buoyant foundation unit 17.
Described wind-driven generator 4 is low power vertical axis aerogenerator.Vertical axis aerogenerator when change of the wind without the need to wind, simultaneously, owing to decreasing wind wheel to gyro power during wind and decrease blower fan wind-engaging and run active force to basis, thus reduce the degree of rocking, tilting of buoyant foundation, and then ensure that comparatively there is better stability this buoyant foundation in horizontal axis blower fan buoyant foundation.
As Fig. 9, the buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises anchor chain 20, and described buoyant foundation group is connected with seabed by anchor chain 20, and the lower end of described floating drum 1 is provided with ballast tank 19, the lower end of floating drum 1 is fixedly connected with seabed by anchor chain 20, and ballast tank 19 is equipped with mass.Reasonable adjustment mass also can further improve the stability of buoyant foundation.This mass can use seawater.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises reinforcing bar 8, one end of described second strut 7 is fixedly connected on the middle part of square support 9, and the other end is fixed on the lower end of king-post 3, and the two ends of reinforcing bar 8 are fixedly connected on the middle part of two adjacent square supports 9 respectively; Described first strut 5 is provided with worktable 6, and king-post 3 is through the center of worktable 6; Be provided with 6 fixing rods 11 and stiffening rib 12 below worktable 6, fixing rod 11 presents hexagonal array and connects, and the two ends of fixing rod 11 are fixedly connected on the first adjacent strut 5 respectively simultaneously; King-post is fixed in one end of stiffening rib 12, and the other end is fixed on the middle part of fixing rod 11.The quantity of stiffening rib 12 is 6.Reinforcing bar 8 forms multiple triangle with square support 9 and the second strut 7, utilizes leg-of-mutton stability feature greatly can improve the stability of buoyant foundation unit 17.
Preferred as one, described worktable 6 is in regular hexagon, and fixing rod 11 is set to hollow circular pipe, and stiffening rib 12 uses T bar material.Worktable 6, for supporting the staff repairing and install wind-force electrical machinery, will facilitate the maintenance for buoyant foundation unit 17 greatly.Fixing rod 11 and stiffening rib 12 strengthen the rigidity of worktable 6, thus make the support force that worktable 6 provides enough, improve the Security that staff works on worktable 6.
Embodiment 2
As Figure 10, the buoyant foundation of described offshore wind generating also comprises tension cord 21, and described buoyant foundation group is fixedly connected with seabed by tension cord 21, and the lower end of described floating drum 1 is fixedly connected with seabed by tension cord 21.
Above-mentioned embodiment is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit the present invention, and any of other does not deviate from technological scheme of the present invention and the substitute mode of the change made or other equivalence, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the buoyant foundation of an offshore wind generating, comprise multiple buoyant foundations unit, described buoyant foundation unit comprises king-post and wind-driven generator, wind-driven generator is installed on the upper end of king-post, it is characterized in that: also comprise multiple floating drum, connecting rod, square support, the first strut and the second strut, described multiple floating drum is uniformly distributed in the periphery of king-post, and adjacent floating drum lower end is fixedly connected with by square support, and upper end is fixedly connected with by connecting rod; Floating drum upper end is fixedly connected with in the middle part of king-post by the first strut, and the square support of being fixed on floating drum lower end is fixedly connected with the lower end of king-post by the second strut; Square support is positioned at below the water surface of seawater, and the lower end of floating drum is fixedly connected with seabed;
Also comprise flexible connector, described multiple buoyant foundations unit is connected to form buoyant foundation group by flexible connector, and buoyant foundation unit is horizontal distribution;
Described flexible connector comprises spring, cable wire, 2 axles and 2 splined sleeves, and the two ends of cable wire are individually fixed in 2 splined sleeve one end, and spring is placed on cable wire, and the two ends of spring are individually fixed in 2 splined sleeve one end; One end of 2 axles is fixedly installed in the other end of 2 splined sleeves respectively, and the other end of axle is installed on the sidepiece of the floating drum of adjacent floating base unit;
One end of described axle is provided with fixture block, and splined sleeve comprises housing and locking block, and housing is inserted in one end of axle, and locking block is placed on axle, and is fixed in housing.
2. the buoyant foundation of a kind of offshore wind generating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described square support is set to hollow rectangular tube, and the inside of square support is provided with multiple dividing plate, and the two ends of square support are individually fixed in two adjacent floating drums.
3. the buoyant foundation of a kind of offshore wind generating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity of the floating drum of described each buoyant foundation unit is 3; Described buoyant foundation group comprises multiple buoyant foundations group unit, and each buoyant foundation group unit comprises 6 buoyant foundation unit, and these 6 buoyant foundation unit are arranged in Hexagon, and is connected by flexible connector between adjacent two buoyant foundation unit; Two adjacent buoyant foundation group unit are connected by flexible connector.
4. the buoyant foundation of a kind of offshore wind generating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise anchor chain, described buoyant foundation group is connected with seabed by anchor chain, the lower end of described floating drum is provided with ballast tank, the lower end of floating drum is fixedly connected with seabed by anchor chain, and ballast tank is equipped with mass.
5. the buoyant foundation of a kind of offshore wind generating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise tension cord, and described buoyant foundation group is fixedly connected with seabed by tension cord, and the lower end of described floating drum is fixedly connected with seabed by tension cord.
6. the buoyant foundation of a kind of offshore wind generating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise reinforcing bar, one end of described second strut is fixedly connected on the middle part of square support, the other end is fixed on the lower end of king-post, and the two ends of reinforcing bar are fixedly connected on the middle part of two adjacent square supports respectively; Described first strut is provided with worktable, and king-post is through the center of worktable; Be provided with 6 fixing rods and stiffening rib below worktable, fixing rod presents hexagonal array and connects, and the two ends of fixing rod are fixedly connected on the first adjacent strut respectively simultaneously; King-post is fixed in one end of stiffening rib, and the other end is fixed on fixing rod.
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| CN201210327853.7A CN102865198B (en) | 2012-09-06 | 2012-09-06 | Floating foundation of offshore wind-driven generator |
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| CN201210327853.7A CN102865198B (en) | 2012-09-06 | 2012-09-06 | Floating foundation of offshore wind-driven generator |
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| CN102865198B true CN102865198B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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| CN103511187B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-12-02 | 周春发 | A kind of wind gathering type wind generating unit |
| CN106401848B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-08-28 | 宁波大学 | A kind of ocean power generator group |
| CN108757332B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2024-02-09 | 中国船舶重工集团国际工程有限公司 | Photovoltaic and fan combined power generation offshore semi-submersible platform power generation system |
| CN109356792A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-19 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of sea permanent magnetism vertical axis wind power generation system and its inversion controlling method |
| CN111271225B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-01-18 | 上海姬硕企业咨询有限公司 | Wind power and wind energy generator capable of self-adapting to wind power change and stably generating power |
| CN111391988B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-03-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) | Buoyancy distributed floating fan foundation |
| CN111891306B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-04-06 | 深圳埃吉尔海洋科技有限公司 | Modular space truss structure tension leg type offshore floating platform |
| CN112324625A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-05 | 中国大唐集团未来能源科技创新中心有限公司 | Deep sea floating type fan foundation in gridding arrangement |
| CN113650741B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Self-floating towing offshore wind power floating foundation and construction method thereof |
| CN114604382B (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-11-22 | 北京千尧新能源科技开发有限公司 | Floating foundation adjustment method and related equipment |
| CN115076041B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-29 | 中国船舶重工集团国际工程有限公司 | Wind power generation system and supporting platform for same |
| CN115675768B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-04-28 | 北方工业大学 | Wind wave resistant floating foundation for offshore wind power |
| CN116950849B (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2024-04-16 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Floating type offshore wind power system |
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