CN102864512A - Double-cross sectional dark fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-cross sectional dark fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102864512A CN102864512A CN2012103563150A CN201210356315A CN102864512A CN 102864512 A CN102864512 A CN 102864512A CN 2012103563150 A CN2012103563150 A CN 2012103563150A CN 201210356315 A CN201210356315 A CN 201210356315A CN 102864512 A CN102864512 A CN 102864512A
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Abstract
The invention provides double-cross sectional dark fiber and a preparation method thereof. The double-cross sectional dark fiber is characterized in that the section of the fiber is in the shape of two double crosses or two parallel crosses. Another technical scheme provides the preparation method of the double-cross sectional dark fiber. The preparation method is characterized by including: firstly, performing melt spinning; and secondly, cooling by side blow, oiling, reeling to obtain pre-oriented yarns, and drafting to drawn yarns or elasticizing to obtain low stretch yarns, wherein each single-fiber orifice of a spinneret used in melt spinning is a main pore, and each main pore is in a structure of double crosses or two parallel crosses. The double-cross sectional dark fiber and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the dyed fiber has deep and pure color, wet permeability of the fiber is improved, and surface waxiness is eliminated; the preparation method is simple, has low requirements on equipment and is available for large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of profiled fibre and preparation field thereof, particularly a kind of diesis tee section fiber with aobvious dark characteristic and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Profiled filament has improved fibre property greatly with the abundant different fibrous raw material of cross sectional shape combination, Dupont (Du Pont) company adopts expanded adherence process to spin out the triangular-section fiber in nineteen fifty-three, having proposed composite spinning method makes behind the composite fibre again through separating the approach of making profiled filament, and applied for four angular cross section silks (US patent Office, Patent No.3109220) and the patent of five angular cross section silks (US patent Office, Patent No.3109768).
From phase late 1980s, Japan takes its place in the front ranks of the world in the development and application of profiled filament.The tooth shape cross section of You Nijika company (Unitika) development and production of Japan and feel and gloss (Unitika, JP6983,1987 that leafy polyester combined yarn fiber arranged side by side has shown the ultranatural silk; JP11279897,1999).The chemical industry Co., Ltd of Asahi Chemical Industry (Asahi) of Japan has developed has the mixed fine long filament of W tee section abnormity polyester, has improved the water imbibition of fiber, has improved the dyeability (JP 11222721,1999) of fabric.Toray company adopts composite spinning technology, develops the polyester fiber " Sillook Royal " in three petal cross sections, and the friction sound of its fabric and " scroop " of real silk are extremely near (Toray, JP14940,1991; Toray, JP14941,1991; Toray, JP124807,1991)." Silcarat " of the exploitation of Japan Kuraray (Karare) company is triangle section core-sheath-type composite polyester fiber, refraction index is near the refraction index of cotton fiber and polyamide fiber, its core shape is the circle with three wedge angles in addition, being conducive to light reflects away from core sheath interface, and the non-colored light stack that reflects away with sheath section (fiber surface) from the triangular prism cylindricality, thereby produce jewelly effect (Karare, JP104811,1989; Karare, JP104812,1989).
At present the profiled filament of suitability for industrialized production mainly contains triangle, trilobal, quatrefoil, five leaf, pentagon, sexfoil, octofoil, Y shape, T shape, mountain font, I or H or I shape, W shape, fan-shaped, Jing shape, hollow and polygon or the multi-leaf-shaped and prismatic complex morphological of hollow.The profiled filament of different cross section form is particularly different aspect optical property, can send gloss as the similar silk such as the triangular-section terylene, and the pentalobal cross-section demonstrates similar artificial silk, the gloss as the cellestron silk.
Yet, ordinary chemical fiber inside is difficult to make layer structure, especially synthetic fiber smooth surface, so that the white light of fiber outer surface reflection is very strong, when making dark textiles color obviously turn white, burnt hair, exist apparent colour more shallow or show the shortcomings such as poor performance, the wax-like sense of feel of true color.Much more general adopt by composite spinning, surface treatment, improve the dyeing and finishing technology condition, add the methods such as deep-dyeing agent can make polyester fiber table fabric obtain preferably color increases dark effect, the implementing process route of these methods is longer, relate to the technological parameter that affects color depth more, the difficulty of implementing on the engineering is higher.Other has by add dye granule in polymer and prepares coloured high polymer fibre long filament (US patent Office, Patent No.2165253; US patent Office, Patent No.2071250; US patent Office, Patent No.2071253; US patent Office, Patent No.2130253; And add chromophoric group by the method that produces chemical synthesis or replacement with the high polymer group and be prepared with color fibre and film (US patent Office, Patent No.4242499 US patent Office, Patent No.548701); US patent Office, Patent No.944572; US patent Office, Patent No.976073; US patent Office, Patent No.3278486), but these methods can produce some byproducts, are difficult to realize the color characteristic of designing requirement.
Patent of invention " a kind of aobvious many trench cross section of euchroic fiber and preparation method thereof " (application number: 201110243452.9), although the method for announcement can improve the aobvious bathochromic effect of fiber,, spinnerets manufacturing technology difficulty is large, and cost performance is limited; In addition, because the restriction of spinneret orifice form is so that higher to the requirement of spinning technique control accuracy, the engineering construction difficulty is larger.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of aobvious dark diesis cross-section fibers and preparation method thereof, has more deeply after this stock-dye, purer color; This preparation method is simple, and is low for equipment requirements, can be mass-produced.
In order to achieve the above object, a technical scheme of the present invention has provided the aobvious dull fiber of a kind of diesis tee section, it is characterized in that: its fibre section is two " ten " fonts or " Lv " font.
Preferably, made by have greatly light or the half delustring polyester slice or polyamide section or melt spinning that are fit to melt spinning, its filament number is 1～15dtex.
Preferably, described polyester is polyethylene terephthalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate.
Preferably, described polyamide is PA6 or PA66.
Another technical scheme of the present invention has provided the preparation method that a kind of above-mentioned diesis tee section shows dull fiber, it is characterized in that, step is:
The first step, the section of dried high polymer or melt are carried out melt spinning by the screw extruder filament spinning component, each single fiber spinneret orifice of employed spinnerets is a main micropore in the melt spinning process, each main micropore is two " ten " fonts or " Lv " character form structure, thereby forms several side microflutes at the periphery of each main micropore;
Second step, through lateral blowing cooling, oil, reel, obtain the aobvious dull fiber pre-oriented yarn of diesis tee section, then drawing-off obtains the aobvious dull fiber drafted fibre of diesis tee section or adds bullet obtaining the aobvious dull fiber low-stretch yarn of diesis tee section;
Or through lateral blowing cooling, oil, drawing-off, coiling, obtain at last the high orientation silk of the aobvious dull fiber of diesis tee section.
Preferably, the thickness D of described spinnerets is 5～15mm; The principal length L=0.50 of described main micropore～3.0mm, body width W=0.3～2.00mm, the width S of described side microflute=0.05～0.20mm, the degree of depth M=0.05 of described side microflute～2.00mm.
Preferably, described single fiber spinneret orifice is vertically to arrange in described spinnerets, and its draw ratio is 0.5: 1～5: 1.
Fiber of the present invention has surface curvature change greatly and diesis odd-shaped cross section characteristic, can make the external surface reflection of fiber assembly that abundant scattering occurs, and make light between the fiber groove and the inner reflection that occurs repeatedly increases reverberation content from fibrous inside with refraction, and then make the darker color of fiber assembly demonstration after the dyeing.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, have more deeply after the stock-dye of the present invention, purer color, and wet transmitting performance is improved, eliminates surperficial wax-like sense; 2, preparation method of the present invention is simple, and is low for equipment requirements, can be mass-produced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is diesis profiled fibre section morphology;
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are diesis odd-shaped cross section PET fabric surface SEM figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment that the micropore of the spinnerets that uses among the present invention is arranged;
Fig. 4 A is the physical dimension design profile figure of the spinnerets that uses among the present invention;
Fig. 4 B is the structural design drawing of spinneret orifice;
Fig. 5 is the cross sectional representation of single fiber spinneret orifice;
Fig. 6 is an embodiment form of single fiber spinneret orifice;
Fig. 7 changes the K/S value of diesis odd-shaped cross section after the spinneret orifice size and circular PET fibre fabric with the change curve of wavelength X;
Fig. 8 is PET weft-knitted fabric sample in the folding number of plies is that K/S value under 4 layers the condition is with the change curve of wavelength X.
Fig. 9 is that the K/S value of PA6 woven fabric sample is with the change curve of wavelength X.
The specific embodiment
For the present invention is become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and cooperate accompanying drawing to be described in detail below.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used for explanation the present invention and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
The aobvious dark PET long filament of embodiment one 150dtex/36f prepares and shows bathochromic effect
Raw material: polyethylene terephthalate section (hereinafter to be referred as the PET section), inherent viscosity (0.678 ± 0.015) dL/g, 240～255 ℃ of fusing points
Spinneret design: employed spinnerets is arranged with 36 single fiber spinneret orifices 2 at spinnerets 1 as shown in Figure 3 in the present embodiment.The lateral dimensions of spinnerets 1 is shown in Fig. 4 A, adopt step-like structure, its thickness D is 15mm, and wherein, the diameter d 1 of large cylinder part is 99.5 ± 0.05mm, the diameter d 2 of small cylinder part is 89.6-90.2mm, the thickness D1 of small cylinder part is 5mm, and its centre bore adopts stepped hole, and macropore diameter d 3 is 18mm in the stepped hole, hole diameter d4 is 11mm, and each single fiber spinneret orifice 2 corresponding inlet channel diameter d 5 is 12mm.Shown in Fig. 4 B, single fiber spinneret orifice 2 is vertically to arrange in spinnerets 1, and d6 is 2.5mm, and draw ratio is 5: 1.The foot of each single fiber spinneret orifice is the main micropore of a control fibre section form, main micropore thickness D2=0.80-0.85mm.Each main micropore is two " ten " fonts or " Lv " character form structure (the foot cross section that is each single fiber spinneret orifice is two " ten " fonts or " Lv " font), thereby forms several side microflutes at the periphery of each main micropore.In the present embodiment, the cross section shapes of each single fiber spinneret orifice 2 shown in 5 figure, the principal length L=0.80 of its main micropore ± 0.01mm, its body width W=0.40 ± 0.01mm, the width S of side microflute=0.10 ± 0.01mm, the degree of depth M=0.08 of side microflute ± 0.01mm.The pass that Fig. 6 obtains for actual processing.
Spinning equipment technique: adopt Foume110L vacuum drum drying machine that PET is cut into slices and carry out drying (process conditions: 145 ℃ of temperature, time 48h; Moisture content 50ppm after dry) obtains uniformity dry sliced preferably, sending into model is the Screw Extrusion spinning machine melt extruded of ABE Φ 25 * 2, entering filament spinning component through melt pipe is sprayed by spinnerets, again through lateral blowing cool off, oil, coiling, doff, obtain the aobvious dull fiber pre-oriented yarn POY of diesis tee section, obtain the aobvious dull fiber drafted fibre DT of diesis tee section finally by crossing the drawing-off processing, its concrete spinning technology parameter sees Table 1.And the PET circular cross-section long filament that under same process equipment, has spinned 150dtex/36f with circular cross-section spinnerets fiber as a comparison.
As shown in Figure 1, in the aobvious dull fiber drafted fibre DT of diesis tee section, the fibre section of the aobvious dull fiber of diesis tee section is " Lv " font.By the SEM figure of its diesis odd-shaped cross section PET fabric surface that makes shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B.
Table 1 melt spinning main technologic parameters
| Technique | Parameter |
| Screw rod | |
| 1 district/℃ | 285 |
| |
303 |
| Screw rod 3 districts/℃ | 295 |
| Spinneret assembly/℃ | 305 |
| The lateral blowing temperature/℃ | 26 |
| Lateral blowing speed/ms -1 | 0.6 |
| Spinning speed/mmin -1 | 1000 |
| Drafting multiple | 3.00 |
| The drawing-off heat roller temperature/℃ | 75 |
| The drawing-off temperature of heat plate/℃ | 150 |
Aobvious dark color examination: the aobvious bathochromic effect of fiber must just can embody on fabric, for this reason, has carried out following experiment.
Woven fabric preparation: adopt the common PET long filament to make silk as organizine, the present embodiment and make latitude, 5 piece 2 and fly satin tissue and higher filling density and configure to make from throwing and float over as far as possible fabric face, embody to greatest extent optics and the color characteristics of diesis fiber.The comparison fabric for preparing simultaneously the same structure parameter with the contrast silk of circular cross-section as weft yarn.
The dyeing of fabric and reduction cleaning technique: carry out first pre-treatment processing and then dye.It is identical with conventional PET fabric that fabric dyes the employed dye formulation of black, dyeing and reduction cleaning technique.Diesis silk fabrics and comparison fabric adopt the processing of dyeing of same bath or same cylinder, with the aberration that guarantees two fabrics all from the fibre section.
Aobvious bathochromic effect test analysis: use color measurement instrument Color Measurement SpectrophotometerDatacolor 650, adopt CIE standard illuminants D during test
65Be light source, 10 ° of visual angles, test aperture Φ 9mm, wave-length coverage 360-700nm, wavelength interval 10nm.Every kind of fabric is chosen 3 differences and is tested, and averages.Record the present embodiment 1 fabric the K/S value (wherein K be fabric to optical absorption coefficient, S is that fabric is to the scattering of light coefficient) with the change curve result of wavelength X as shown in Figure 7.The K/S value is larger, and the aobvious bathochromic effect of fabric is better, can find out that K/S value at whole wave-length coverage diesis cross-section fibers all greater than the circular cross-section fiber fabric, illustrates that its aobvious bathochromic effect is good.
And L, a, the b value that adopt above-mentioned instrument to record the CIELAB color space are analyzed color characteristic.L represents brightness, and its value is more little more black; A is red one green characteristic, and its value is more little greener; B is a yellow blue characteristic, and its value is more little bluer.L, a, the b value of each fabric are as shown in table 2 in this test.Owing to all being PET material and same bath dyeing, the L value, the b value that record two kinds of fabrics differ smaller, the a value of circular cross-section fiber is bigger than normal, the coloured light that shows the circular cross-section fiber fabric slightly is partial to redness, and a value of diesis cross-section fibers shows that more near 0 the black effect of diesis cross section fabric is purer.Usually represent two fabric aberration with aberration comprehensive deviation Δ E, Δ E=((Δ L)
2+ (Δ is a)
2+ (Δ b)
2)
1/2Only the aberration comprehensive deviation Δ E that causes of fibre section reaches 0.276 as can be seen from Table 2, and the diesis cross-section fibers shows more black, purer color.
Table 2: the chromatic effect that gets that dyes the black woven fabric with cylinder
And with Data Colour SF300 instrument test Integ value (the pseudo-tristimulus values sum that replaces the reflectance factor under this wavelength to calculate with the K/S value under each wavelength), this method has been considered the absorption and scattering properties of object in the whole limit of visible spectrum, and light source and the huge factor of people's rock, embody human eye for aobvious dark subjective assessment effect, be applicable to middle dark color, see Table 2 last 1 row.The Integ value is larger, and color is darker.The conclusion of three class physical indexs of two kinds of instrument tests is consistent, shows that profiled fibre can increase the aobvious black effect of fabric.
The aobvious dark long filament of embodiment two 120dtex/36f prepares and shows bathochromic effect
Raw material, spinnerets, spinning equipment: with embodiment one
Spinning technique: be to reduce the extrusion capacity of spinning melt with the difference of embodiment one, and the spinning temperature of screw rod 2 districts and 3 districts and spinneret assembly all improves 3 ℃, all the other techniques can be fallen low-fiber line density like this with embodiment one.Under same process equipment, spinned the PET contrast long filament of 120dtex/36f with the circular cross-section spinnerets.
Woven fabric sample preparation: with embodiment one.
Aobvious dark test result: adopt embodiment one described method of testing to record the result as shown in table 3.Compare with conventional circular cross-section fiber fabric, L and a value of diesis cross-section fibers fabric are lower, can obtain purer aobvious bathochromic effect, and K/S curve and Integ value show that all the diesis cross-section fibers can obtain better to show dark color, no longer repeat here.
Table 3 dyes the chromatic effect that gets of black woven fabric with cylinder
The aobvious dark long filament of embodiment three 100dtex/36f prepares and shows bathochromic effect
The design of spinneret orifice dimensional parameters: the L=0.60 ± 0.01mm of single single fiber spinneret orifice, W=0.30 ± 0.01mm, S=0.10 ± 0.01mm, M=0.10 ± 0.01mm, other partial design of spinnerets are identical with embodiment one.
Raw material, spinning equipment and spinning technique are all identical with embodiment one; 2 kinds of PET contrast long filaments of 100dtex/36f under same process equipment, have been spinned respectively with above-mentioned diesis spinnerets and circular cross-section spinnerets.
The preparation of knitted fabric: because the organizine of the prepared two groups of woven fabrics in front all is circular cross-section fiber, fabric face can appear some circular cross-section fibers in one's mind, and the aobvious bathochromic effect of diesis tram is weakened to some extent.The present embodiment is made weft-knitted fabric with the diesis fiber fully, and prepares the identical contrast knitted fabric of structure with the complete contrast silk with same specification.
Dyeing and reduction cleaning technique: pre-treatment process is as embodiment one, and the dyeing of fabric is all identical with conventional PET fabric with technique, and two kinds of comparison fabric all adopt the same cylinder dyeing of same bath to process.
Aobvious bathochromic effect test: the color of sample, gloss are obviously different after the dyeing, further adopt instrument test to carry out quantitative analysis, adopt embodiment one described tester and method record the weft-knitted fabric sample in the folding number of plies be under 4 layers the condition the K/S value with the change curve result of wavelength X as shown in Figure 8, unique difference of the curve that compares among the figure is fiber raw material.The K/S value is larger, and the aobvious bathochromic effect of fabric is better.The most responsive blue green light wavelength of human eye is 455-492nm in the visible-range, as can be seen from Figure 8, the K/S value of diesis cross-section fibers knitted fabric in the blue green light wavelength band can this aobvious dark color effect of testing the polyester fibers having deformed section fabric that obtains of inference be better than corresponding circular-section fibers fabric all greater than corresponding circular cross-section PET fiber needle fabric.
The aobvious dark Tynex of embodiment four 150dtex/36f prepares and shows bathochromic effect
Raw material: Spinning Polyamide PA6 section, inherent viscosity (≈ 2.7) dL/g, 220～230 ℃ of fusing points.
Spinneret design, spinning equipment are identical with embodiment one.
Spinning technique: the concrete spinning technology parameter of PA6 diesis cross-section fibers is as shown in table 4.And the circular cross-section long filament that under same process equipment and material condition, has spinned 150dtex/36f with circular cross-section spinnerets fiber as a comparison.
The woven fabric preparation method is identical with embodiment one.
The dyeing of fabric and reduction cleaning technique: carry out first pre-treatment processing and then dye.It is identical with conventional polyamide fabric that fabric dyes the employed dye formulation of black, dyeing and reduction cleaning technique.Diesis silk fabrics and comparison fabric adopt the processing of dyeing of same bath or same cylinder, with the aberration that guarantees two fabrics all from the fibre section.
Table 4PA6 melt spinning main technologic parameters
| Technique | Parameter |
| Screw rod | |
| 1 district/℃ | 275 |
| |
293 |
| Screw rod 3 districts/℃ | 285 |
| Spinneret assembly/℃ | 285 |
| The lateral blowing temperature/℃ | 22 |
| Lateral blowing speed/ms -1 | 0.5 |
| Spinning speed/mmin -1 | 1000 |
| Drafting multiple | 3.00 |
| The drawing-off heat roller temperature/℃ | 75 |
| The drawing-off temperature of heat plate/℃ | 150 |
Aobvious dark test result: employing embodiment one described method of testing records L, a, b result is as shown in table 5, the K/S curve as shown in Figure 9, can find out, the aobvious bathochromic effect of diesis cross section PA fabric is better than the circular cross-section PA fabric of same specification, repeats no more here.
Table 5: the chromatic effect that gets that dyes black PA6 woven fabric with cylinder
Claims (7)
1. a diesis tee section shows dull fiber, it is characterized in that: its fibre section is two " ten " fonts or " Lv " font.
2. the aobvious dull fiber of a kind of diesis tee section as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: made by have greatly light or the half delustring polyester slice or polyamide section or melt spinning that are fit to melt spinning, its filament number is 1～15dtex.
3. a kind of diesis tee section as claimed in claim 2 shows dull fiber, and it is characterized in that: described polyester is polyethylene terephthalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate.
4. a kind of diesis tee section as claimed in claim 2 shows dull fiber, and it is characterized in that: described polyamide is PA6 or PA66.
5. the preparation method of the aobvious dull fiber of diesis tee section as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, step is:
The first step, the section of dried high polymer or melt are carried out melt spinning by the screw extruder filament spinning component, each single fiber spinneret orifice of employed spinnerets is a main micropore in the melt spinning process, each main micropore is two " ten " fonts or " Lv " character form structure, thereby forms several side microflutes at the periphery of each main micropore;
Second step, through lateral blowing cooling, oil, reel, obtain the aobvious dull fiber pre-oriented yarn of diesis tee section, then drawing-off obtains the aobvious dull fiber drafted fibre of diesis tee section or adds bullet obtaining the aobvious dull fiber low-stretch yarn of diesis tee section;
Or through lateral blowing cooling, oil, drawing-off, coiling, obtain at last the high orientation silk of the aobvious dull fiber of diesis tee section.
6. a kind of diesis tee section as claimed in claim 5 shows the preparation method of dull fiber, it is characterized in that:
The thickness D of described spinnerets is 5～15mm; The principal length L=0.50 of described main micropore～3.0mm, its
Body width W=0.3～2.00mm, the width S of described side microflute=0.05～0.20mm, the degree of depth M=0.05 of described side microflute～2.00mm.
7. a kind of diesis tee section as claimed in claim 5 shows the preparation method of dull fiber, it is characterized in that:
Described single fiber spinneret orifice is vertically to arrange in described spinnerets, and its draw ratio is 0.5: 1～5: 1.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111304760A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-19 | 福建唐源合纤科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-bulkiness mechanical elastic chinlon 6 filament and filament prepared by same |
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| CN102304778A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-01-04 | 东华大学 | Euchroic-displaying multi-groove section fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| DE1660490A1 (en) * | 1966-01-17 | 1971-11-04 | Monsanto Co | Matted single thread tape made of a synthetic thread-forming material and spinneret for its production |
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| CN111304760A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-19 | 福建唐源合纤科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-bulkiness mechanical elastic chinlon 6 filament and filament prepared by same |
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| CN102864512B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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