CN102857134B - High-frequency inverter power supply of wireless power transmission device and frequency doubling control method for inverter power supply - Google Patents
High-frequency inverter power supply of wireless power transmission device and frequency doubling control method for inverter power supply Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-frequency inverter power supply of a wireless power transmission device and a frequency doubling control method for the inverter power supply. An inverter frequency doubling circuit (2) consists of n sets of parallel inverter units (2'); a main controller (8) determines output power and output frequency according to the working conditions of a noncontact transformer (4) and a load (7), adjusts duty ratios of pulses and phases between the pulses and sends driving pulse signals; the n sets of inverter units (2') of the inverter frequency doubling circuit (2) are driven to act by a driving circuit (13) in a time division mode, so that the output voltage frequency or the current frequency of the inverter frequency doubling circuit (2) is n times those of the inverter units (2'), and adjustment of a 1 to n-times output frequency range is realized; and a primary resonant capacitor (5) and a secondary resonant capacitor (5') can be adjusted according to the output frequency of the inverter frequency doubling circuit (2) to keep efficient transmission, wherein n is an integer not less than 1.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high frequency inverter for wireless electric energy transmission device and frequency multiplication control method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the electrified vehicular traffic such as electric automobile, urban track traffic charges by the way of contact or powers, especially urban track traffic etc. contacts power supply by touching net with the movable type of pantograph, because loose contact easily produces spark, friction brings carbon distribution dust, power supply security reliability low, seriously polluted, maintenance workload is large, service life of equipment is also influenced, and when adverse circumstances such as running into sleet affect, contact power supply has more obvious limitation.Wireless power technology can effectively address the above problem, and is characterized in: between (1) power supply and load unit, do not need physical contact, electric insulation, safety, reliable; (2) there is no bare exposed conductor, electrical energy transfer ability is not subject to such environmental effects; (3) there is not mechanical wear, reliable, durable, non-maintaining.Wireless power technology can be used for the wireless power of urban track traffic, electric automobile, automated arm etc., and the power supply under water, under mine, the adverse circumstances such as inflammable and explosive.
The basic comprising of wireless electric energy transmission device comprises contactless transformer, and high-frequency inverter, high-frequency circuit etc., for flexibly, safety, a kind of effective ways are provided to electrified vehicle and other mobile power supply equipments reliably, easily.
The developing direction of wireless power transmission is air gaps, high power, high-frequency, high efficiency.Yet power grade, the switching frequency of high-frequency power electronic devices are not high at present, the power of single power electronic device and frequency level are difficult to meet the demand of high-power wireless power transfer.How effectively, economical, reasonably improve and the output frequency of flexible high-frequency inverter is one of key problem of electric energy wireless transmission.In addition, in wireless power transmission, mutual inductance and the coupling coefficient between them between elementary and secondary play vital effect to delivery of electrical energy efficiency.Gap between them, mutual alignment affect very large on the mutual inductance between their windings.When winding mutual inductance reduces, decrease in efficiency is obvious.Therefore how improving the adaptability of wireless power transmission transformer air gap, in the situation that the factors such as elementary and secondary mutual alignment change cause mutual inductance to decline, guarantee higher efficiency of transmission, is another key problem of wireless power transmission.
Application publication number be No.H04-317527 Japanese Patent Publication a kind of non-contact charging device, in order to realize high efficiency transmitted power, secondary coil must accurately be positioned at corresponding position, very strong to primary and secondary position relationship and space constraint.
The non-contact electric energy transmission device that Chinese patent 200710163025.3 proposes is for battery vehicle charging, its primary coil and secondary coil are the tabular of the similar circle of flat wound coiling, when only secondary centre was perfectly aligned originally, just there is higher efficiency, once primary and secondary location deviation, its transmission efficiency can decline to a great extent.
In the disclosed non-contact charging device of Chinese patent 200810234555.7, primary coil is parallel wire, secondary coil is wound on magnetic core, wherein primary coil need to pass secondary magnetic core, the horizontal relative position of same primary and secondary is subject to great limitation, only limits to that primary coil is fixed and secondary coil has the fixedly occasion of motion path.
In above prior art, all exist transformer primary and secondary position seriously to be retrained, practicality is not strong.Why responsive to primary and secondary relative position contactlessly powered transformer is, and main cause is that the change of primary and secondary relative position causes the significantly variation of mutual inductance between primary and secondary, thereby affects power output and efficiency.In same transformer primary and secondary relative position situation, improve transmission frequency, can obtain higher voltage at transformer secondary output, can effectively improve through-put power and efficiency, address this problem.Because contactless transformer coupling coefficient is little a lot of with transformer compared with general industry, belong to loosely coupled transformer, in order to improve efficiency of transmission, adopt and transmit up to the frequency of tens of kHz.
For improving transmission frequency, available High-frequency MOSFET forms high frequency inverter as the main switching device of current transformer.Yet because the electric current and voltage quota of MOSFET is relatively little, powerful device needs a large amount of device connection in series-parallel to use, and has reduced system reliability.IGBT device capacity is far above MOSFET, and do not have the bad reverse recovery characteristic problem of parasitic diode, is applicable to high-power applications.But the turn-off power loss that IGBT hangover electric current causes under HF switch operating state is very large, limits the raising of its operating frequency.In induction heating power field, IGBT switching frequency can be operated in 100kHz under Zero Current Switch (ZCS) state at present.
Document " Cai Hui; Zhao Rongxiang; Chen Huiming; Wang Shiping. the research [J] of frequency multiplication formula IGBT induction heating power; Proceedings of the CSEE; 2006,26(2): 154-158. ", having described a kind of is the effect of switching tube operating frequency twice based on IGBT dependence resonant circuit oscillating current formation load current frequency; the method not only needs extra resonant circuit; and frequency improves limited; and device Commutation condition is had relatively high expectations to tank circuit factor, and power device quota is not utilized effectively in addition.
Document " Shen Jinfei; Hui Jing; Wu Lei; Yan Wenxu. IGBT 180kHz/50kW HFI welding power supply [J] is controlled in frequency multiplication timesharing, welding journal, 2009; 30(9): 1-4. " in the work that can improve inverter of the method that proposes the IGBT of each brachium pontis parallel connection of inverter to adopt timesharing to control, realize inverter frequency multiplication output, however the method output frequency multiple fix, do not relate to how zoom is moved frequently.
With induction heating power, compare, radio energy transmission system has the particularity of oneself: (1) efficiency requires different: higher to the requirement of efficiency of transmission as delivery of electrical energy, and therefore require circuit topology and control method more efficient; (2) inverter load is different: in wireless power transmission, contactless transformer primary and secondary relative position has certain excursion, when the change of contactless transformer primary and secondary relative position causes primary and secondary mutual inductance to decline, by improving transmission frequency, can raise the efficiency; And when contactless transformer mutual inductance is larger, improve transmission frequency not obvious to the lifting of efficiency, and can bring extra inverter losses; (3) electric capacity coupling: induction heating power frequency is relatively fixing, capacitance is generally constant, and radio energy transmission system is due to the wide variation of transmission frequency, so resonant capacitance capacitance must change, to match to keep high efficiency with inductance, transmission frequency parameter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the problem that existing contactless transformer is low to primary and secondary relative position adaptability and efficiency of transmission is low, propose a kind of frequency multiplication formula high frequency inverter for wireless electric energy transmission device and frequency multiplication control method thereof.The present invention adopts a plurality of inverter units formation in parallel inverter frequency multiplier circuit, according to contactless transformer in radio energy transmission system and load behavior, can automatically regulate inverter frequency multiplier circuit output frequency on a large scale, in existing device for power switching level, produce the operating frequency far above switching frequency, by improving operating frequency, thereby make contactless transformer in same primary and secondary relative position situation, have higher induced voltage to improve contactless transformer to primary and secondary relative position adaptability.Transmission frequency can regulate according to contactless transformer and load state, reaches optimum efficiency.Primary resonant electric capacity and secondary resonance electric capacity also can match along with regulating frequency regulates with same inductance and frequency, keep high efficiency.The present invention, by inverter regulation output power, without extra translation circuit, saves direct current Power Regulation link, has reduced loss.The present invention can improve frequency of supply and efficiency of transmission, and improve elementary and secondary between the applicability of relative position, improve efficiency of transmission and system availability; The present invention, by improving frequency of supply, also can reduce system dimension and weight.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is as follows:
The frequency multiplication formula high frequency inverter of wireless electric energy transmission device of the present invention comprises: DC power supply, inverter frequency multiplier circuit, master controller, secondary controller, primary resonant electric capacity, secondary resonance electric capacity, elementary electric capacity compensated regulator, secondary capacitance compensated regulator, contactless transformer, frequency and phase detecting module, primary status quantity detection sensor, secondary state quantity detection sensor, primary communication module, secondary communication module, rectifier, load and drive circuit etc.
Described DC power supply obtains high frequency voltage after inverter frequency multiplier circuit, then through primary resonant electric capacity, is connected to the primary side of contactless transformer.Between inverter frequency multiplier circuit output and primary resonant electric capacity, be provided with primary status quantity detection sensor.Primary status quantity detection sensor comprises voltage sensor, current sensor, temperature sensor, air gap sensors and position transducer etc., and described voltage sensor, current sensor, temperature sensor, air gap sensors and position transducer detect respectively output voltage, the output current of inverter frequency multiplier circuit, temperature, the air gap between contactless transformer primary and secondary and the relative position between primary and secondary of inverter frequency multiplier circuit.The secondary of contactless transformer obtains direct current, supply load after secondary resonance electric capacity and rectifier.Between rectifier and load, be provided with secondary state quantity sensor, secondary state quantity sensor comprises voltage sensor, current sensor, and described voltage sensor, current sensor detect respectively the voltage and current of rectifier output.Primary status quantity detection sensor detects the inverter output voltage and the current signal that obtain and enters after frequency and phase detecting module, and the phase signal between the inverter output current frequency signal drawing and inverter output voltage and inverter output current is sent to master controller.All signals that primary status quantity detection sensor detects all send to master controller.Secondary state quantity detection sensor sends to secondary controller by the voltage and current signal of rectifier output, secondary controller sends to primary communication module by secondary communication module by voltage signal and the current signal of rectifier output, and primary communication module passes to master controller by voltage signal and the current signal of rectifier output again.The signal of the comprehensive primary status quantity detection sensor of master controller and secondary state quantity detection sensor, send the driving pulse of inverter frequency multiplier circuit to drive circuit, each switching device that drive circuit is connected to inverter frequency multiplier circuit drives terminals, drives each switching device of inverter frequency multiplier circuit.In the situation that need to change the multiple of frequency, master controller sends instruction to elementary electric capacity compensated regulator and secondary capacitance compensated regulator, regulates the capacitance of primary resonant electric capacity and secondary resonance electric capacity.
Described DC power supply can be the DC source that AC power obtains after rectification, can be also the DC source such as storage battery or capacitor.DC power supply can be voltage source, can be also current source, respectively corresponding voltage type inverter frequency multiplier circuit and current source inverter frequency multiplier circuit.Take below voltage source inverter frequency multiplier circuit as example illustrates structure of the present invention.
Described inverter frequency multiplier circuit consists of the parallel connection of n cover inversion unit, while selecting the timesharing of k cover inversion unit to drive from n cover inversion unit, the output voltage frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit or power frequency are inversion unit output voltage frequency or power frequency k times, form k frequency multiplication inverter, n is not less than 1 integer, and k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n.For voltage source inverter frequency multiplier circuit, the output voltage frequency that described k frequency multiplication inverter refers to inverter frequency multiplier circuit be inversion unit output voltage frequency k doubly; For current source inverter frequency multiplier circuit, the output current frequency that described k frequency multiplication inverter refers to inverter frequency multiplier circuit be inversion unit output current frequency k doubly, k is not less than 1 integer.Below all take voltage source inverter frequency multiplier circuit as example.Inverter frequency multiplier circuit can be single-phase output, can be also heterogeneous output.
Every cover inversion unit of described inverter frequency multiplier circuit can be known full-bridge topologies, or known half-bridge topology, or the topological structure of other DC converting for exchanging.Each switches set in every cover inversion unit can be individual devices, can be also series connection or the formation in parallel of a plurality of devices.Power device in inverter frequency multiplier circuit can be the full-control type devices such as MOSFET, IGBT, IGCT, and device can carry antiparallel fly-wheel diode, also can separately add antiparallel fly-wheel diode.
Described primary status quantity detection sensor comprises the detecting sensor of the quantity of states such as the air gap that detects between inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage, inverter frequency multiplier circuit output current, inverter frequency multiplier circuit temperature, contactless transformer primary and secondary and relative position.Inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage sensor is connected respectively on two lead-out terminals of inverter frequency multiplier circuit; Inverter frequency multiplier circuit output current transducer is connected in series on an output line of inverter frequency multiplier circuit; Inverter frequency multiplier circuit temperature sensor embeds in the fin of inverter frequency multiplier circuit; Air gap between contactless transformer primary and secondary and relative position sensor are arranged in the primary and secondary of contactless transformer.The output signal of primary status quantity detection sensor sends on master controller, and wherein the output signal of voltage and current sends to frequency and phase detecting module.Secondary state quantity detection sensor comprises contactless transformer primary side rectifier output voltage and output current transducer, output voltage sensor is connected respectively on two terminals of rectifier output, on one of them output line of output current transducer series connection access.The output signal of secondary state quantity detection sensor sends on secondary controller.
Described contactless transformer is comprised of armature winding, secondary winding and structural member, has certain air gap between armature winding and secondary winding.
Described primary resonant electric capacity and secondary resonance electric capacity can be that single or a plurality of electric capacity forms; Primary resonant electric capacity can or carry out connection in series-parallel connection with armature winding series, parallel, and secondary resonance electric capacity can be connected with secondary winding series, parallel or connection in series-parallel.
Described rectifier can be not control rectifier bridge and filter capacitor to form, and can be also that controlled rectifier or other change interchange into the topology of direct current.Rectifier can be output as direct voltage source, can be also DC current source.
Described load can be actual DC load, also can be after other transformation of electrical energy link supply load, i.e. equivalent load.
Described master controller, except above mentioned relevant connection mode, is also connected with inverter frequency multiplier circuit drive circuit.The signal that master controller is sent according to primary status quantity detection sensor and secondary state quantity detection sensor judges processing, send instruction to elementary electric capacity compensated regulator and secondary capacitance compensated regulator, control capacittance amount is to match with inductance and frequency parameter; The signal that master controller is sent according to primary status quantity detection sensor and secondary state quantity detection sensor judges processing: determine the frequency that current inverter frequency multiplier circuit should be exported, can from single frequency multiplication frequency and neighbouring to n frequency multiplication frequency and neighbouring change; Determine the duty ratio of inversion unit output voltage, with regulation output power; Determine the phase difference between inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage and output current, to regulate the phase place between inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage and output current, last comprehensive frequency, duty ratio and the phase place of adjusting driving pulse, after dead band is controlled, send to drive circuit, drive circuit is connected on each switching device of inverter frequency multiplier circuit and drives terminals.Master controller is according to required output frequency requirement, from n cover inversion unit, select k cover, timesharing drives, the operating frequency of every cover inversion unit is identical, switches set driving pulse duty ratio in every cover inversion unit is less than or equal to 1/(2k), the 1/k switch periods of working successively, each inversion unit driving pulse 360/k degree that lags behind successively, the last output voltage frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit is k times of single cover inversion unit output voltage frequency, it is k frequency multiplication inverter, wherein, n is not less than 1 integer, and k is not less than and is greater than 1 integer.
Inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage and output current that described frequency and phase detecting module obtain according to primary status quantity detection sensor, calculate the frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit output current and the phase difference of inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage and output current and send to master controller.
Described elementary electric capacity compensated regulator and secondary capacitance compensated regulator, respectively according to the instruction of master controller and secondary controller, regulate the capacitance of primary resonant electric capacity and the capacitance of secondary resonance electric capacity, guarantee electric capacity, inductance and frequency parameter coupling in supply unit.
Described secondary controller receives the signal that secondary state quantity detection sensor is sent, secondary controller be connected with secondary communication module with primary communication module communication.
Described primary communication module can connect with master controller by modes such as RS232, RS422, RS485, CAN, Ethernets, described secondary communication module can connect with secondary controller by modes such as RS232, RS422, RS485, CAN, Ethernets, and primary communication module and secondary communication module can be carried out radio communication or wire communication by modes such as radio frequency, infrared, RS232, RS422, RS485, CAN, Ethernets.
After treatment, each switching device that the output of drive circuit is connected to inverter frequency multiplier circuit drives terminals to the drive pulse signal that described drive circuit sends inverter frequency multiplier circuit, drives each switching device of inverter frequency multiplier circuit.
High frequency inverter of the present invention adopts topological structure and the frequency multiplication control method of frequency multiplication inversion, the frequency that inverter is exported can reach the several times of the switching frequency of semiconductor device own, greatly improve the reference frequency output of high-power converter, thereby significantly improve contactless transformer secondary induction voltage.Compare low resonant frequency, reduced the impact of transformer primary and secondary relative position change on power output and efficiency, and then improve the adaptability of contactlessly powered system to primary and the variation of secondary relative position, improve the availability of system.
The present invention can be applicable to induction type wireless power transmission, resonance type wireless delivery of electrical energy field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is full-bridge inverting type high frequency inverter and frequency multiplication control method block diagram thereof;
Fig. 2 is semi-bridge inversion type high frequency inverter and frequency multiplication control method block diagram thereof;
Driving pulse and inverter output voltage waveform when Fig. 3 is the output of frequency tripling inverter frequency tripling;
Driving pulse and inverter output voltage waveform when Fig. 4 is the two frequency multiplication output of frequency tripling inverter;
Driving pulse and inverter output voltage waveform when Fig. 5 is the output of frequency tripling inverter list frequency multiplication;
Wherein, 1 DC power supply, 2 inverter frequency multiplier circuits, 2 ' inversion unit, 3 primary status quantity detection sensors, 3 ' secondary state quantity detection sensor, 4 contactless transformers, 5 primary resonant electric capacity, 5 ' secondary resonance electric capacity, 6 rectifiers, 7 loads, 8 master controllers, 9 frequencies and phase detecting module, 10 elementary electric capacity compensated regulators, 10 ' secondary capacitance compensated regulator, 11 secondary controllers, 12 primary communication modules, 12 ' secondary communication module, 13 drive circuits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Figure 1 shows that the embodiment of the present invention one: the frequency multiplication formula high frequency inverter of full-bridge inverting type wireless electric energy transmission device and frequency multiplication control method block diagram thereof, its basic composition and connected mode are as follows.
High frequency inverter of the present invention comprises: DC power supply 1, inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2, master controller 8, secondary controller 11, primary resonant electric capacity 5, secondary resonance electric capacity 5 ', elementary electric capacity compensated regulator 10, secondary capacitance compensated regulator 10 ', contactless transformer 4, frequency and phase detecting module 9, primary status quantity detection sensor 3, secondary state quantity detection sensor 3 ', primary communication module 12, secondary communication module 12 ', rectifier 6, load 7 and drive circuit 13 etc.
The positive and negative terminal of DC power supply 1 is connected respectively to the direct-flow input end of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2, inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output single-phase high frequency voltages, through series connection or two terminals with primary resonant electric capacity 5 in parallel, be connected, primary resonant electric capacity 5 is with the elementary series connection of contactless transformer 4 or be connected in parallel, between the output of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 and primary resonant electric capacity 5, be provided with primary status quantity detection sensor 3, primary status quantity detection sensor 3 comprises voltage sensor, current sensor, temperature sensor, air gap sensors and position transducer etc., detect respectively the output voltage of inverter frequency multiplier circuit, output current, the temperature of inverter frequency multiplier circuit, the air gap of contactless transformer primary and secondary and the relative position between primary and secondary.The secondary of contactless transformer 4 is connected to the input of rectifier 6 through series connection or two lead-out terminals after being connected with secondary resonant capacitance 5 ' in parallel, the output of rectifier 6 is connected to the both positive and negative polarity of load 7, between rectifier 6 and load 7, is provided with secondary state quantity sensor 3 '.Secondary state quantity sensor 3 ' comprises voltage sensor and current sensor, and voltage sensor and current sensor detect respectively the voltage and current of rectifier output.The inverter output voltage that primary status quantity detection sensor 3 detects and current signal enter after frequency and phase detecting module 9, and frequency and phase detecting module 9 send to master controller 8 by the phase signal between the frequency signal of the inverter output current obtaining and inverter output voltage and inverter output current.All signals that primary status quantity detection sensor 3 detects all send to master controller 8.Secondary state quantity detection sensor 3 ' sends to secondary controller 11 by the voltage and current signal of rectifier 6 outputs, secondary controller 11 sends to primary communication module 12 by secondary communication module 12 ', and primary communication module 12 passes to signal master controller 8 again.The signal of the comprehensive primary status quantity detection sensor 3 of master controller 8 and secondary state quantity detection sensor 3 ', send the driving pulse of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2, after dead band is controlled, send to drive circuit 13, each switching device that drive circuit 13 is connected to inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 drives terminals.One side of elementary electric capacity compensated regulator 10 is connected with master controller 8, and opposite side is connected with primary resonant electric capacity 5.One side of secondary capacitance compensated regulator 10 ' is connected with secondary controller 11, and opposite side is connected with secondary resonant capacitance 5 '.
DC power supply 1 can be the DC source that AC power obtains after rectification, can be also the DC source such as storage battery or capacitor.DC power supply can be voltage source, can be also current source, respectively corresponding voltage type inverter frequency multiplier circuit and current source inverter frequency multiplier circuit, below take voltage source inverter frequency multiplier circuit as example illustrates structure of the present invention.
Described inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 consists of the parallel connection of n cover inversion unit, while selecting the 2 ' timesharing of k cover inversion unit to drive from n cover inversion unit 2 ', the output voltage frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 is k times of inversion unit (2 ') output voltage frequency, form k frequency multiplication inverter, n is not less than 1 integer, and k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n.For voltage source inverter frequency multiplier circuit, the output voltage frequency that described k frequency multiplication inverter refers to inverter frequency multiplier circuit be inversion unit output voltage frequency k doubly; For current source inverter frequency multiplier circuit, the output current frequency that described k frequency multiplication inverter refers to inverter frequency multiplier circuit be inversion unit output current frequency k doubly, k is not less than 1 integer.Below all take voltage source inverter frequency multiplier circuit as example.Inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 can be single-phase output, can be also heterogeneous output.
Described inversion unit 2 ' can be known full-bridge topologies, or known half-bridge topology, or the topological structure of other DC converting for exchanging.Each switches set in every cover inversion unit can be individual devices, can be also series connection or the formation in parallel of a plurality of devices.Power device in inverter frequency multiplier circuit can be the full-control type devices such as MOSFET, IGBT, IGCT, and device can carry antiparallel fly-wheel diode, also can separately add antiparallel fly-wheel diode.
Described primary status quantity detection sensor 3 comprises the detecting sensor of the quantity of states such as the air gap that detects between inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltages, inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output currents, inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 temperature, contactless transformer 4 primary and secondaries and relative position.Inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage sensors are connected respectively on two lead-out terminals of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2; Inverter frequency multiplier circuit output current transducer is connected in series on an output line of inverter frequency multiplier circuit; Inverter frequency multiplier circuit temperature sensor embeds in the fin of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2; In the primary and secondary that air gap between contactless transformer 4 primary and secondaries and relative position sensor are arranged in contactless transformer.The output signal of primary status quantity detection sensor sends on master controller, and wherein voltage, current output signal send to frequency and phase detecting module.Secondary state quantity detection sensor 3 ' comprises contactless transformer primary side rectifier output voltage and output current transducer, output voltage sensor is connected respectively on two terminals of rectifier output, on one of them output line of output current transducer series connection access.The output signal of secondary state quantity detection sensor 3 ' sends on secondary controller 11.
Described contactless transformer 4 is comprised of armature winding, secondary winding and structural member, has certain air gap between armature winding and secondary winding.
Described primary resonant electric capacity 5 and secondary resonance electric capacity 5 ' can be that single or a plurality of electric capacity forms; Primary resonant electric capacity 5 can or carry out connection in series-parallel connection with armature winding series, parallel, and secondary resonance electric capacity 5 ' can be connected with secondary winding series, parallel or connection in series-parallel.
Described rectifier 6 can be not control rectifier bridge and filter capacitor to form, and can be also that controlled rectifier or other change interchange into the topology of direct current.Rectifier can be output as direct voltage source, can be also DC current source.
Described load 7 can be actual DC load, also can be after other transformation of electrical energy link supply load, i.e. equivalent load.
Described master controller 8, except above mentioned relevant connection mode, is also connected with inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 drive circuits.The signal that master controller 8 is sent according to primary status quantity detection sensor 3 and secondary state quantity detection sensor 3 ' judges processing, obtain air gap, the relative position between primary and secondary and load state etc. between transformer primary and secondary, determine the frequency that current inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 ' should be exported, can from single frequency multiplication frequency and neighbouring to n frequency multiplication frequency and neighbouring change; Determine the duty ratio of inversion unit 2 ' output voltage, with regulation output power; Determine the phase difference between inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltages and output current, to regulate the phase place between inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltages and output current, last comprehensive frequency, duty ratio and the phase place of adjusting driving pulse, after dead band is controlled, send to drive circuit 13, drive circuit 13 is connected on each switching device of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 and drives terminals.In order to allow whole system be operated in greater efficiency, master controller 8 also needs according to the output frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2, decision is sent instruction to elementary electric capacity compensated regulator 10 and secondary capacitance compensated regulator 10 ', regulate the capacitance of primary resonant electric capacity 5 and secondary resonance electric capacity 5 ', to match with inductance and frequency parameter.Master controller 8 is according to the requirement of inverter frequency multiplier circuit output frequency, from n cover inversion unit 2 ', select k cover, timesharing drives the inversion unit 2 ' of corresponding inverter, the operating frequency of each inversion unit 2 ' is identical, switches set driving pulse duty ratio in each inversion unit is less than or equal to 1/(2k), the 1/k switch periods of working successively, each inversion unit driving pulse 360/k degree that lags behind successively; The output voltage frequency of k frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit is k times of each inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency, and wherein, n is not less than 1 integer, and k is the integer that is not less than and is not more than n.
Inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage and output current that described frequency and phase detecting module 9 obtain according to primary status quantity detection sensor 3, calculate the frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit output current and the phase difference of inverter frequency multiplier circuit output voltage and output current and send to master controller 8, to realize described frequency and the closed-loop control of phase difference.
One side of described elementary electric capacity compensated regulator 10 is connected with master controller 8, and opposite side is connected with primary resonant electric capacity 5.Secondary capacitance compensated regulator 10 ' one side is connected with secondary controller 11, and opposite side is connected with secondary resonant capacitance 5 '.Elementary electric capacity compensated regulator 10 and secondary capacitance compensated regulator 10 ' are respectively according to the instruction of master controller 8 and secondary controller 11, adjust primary resonant electric capacity 5 capacitances of access and the capacitance of secondary resonance electric capacity 5 ', guarantee electric capacity, inductance and frequency parameter coupling in supply unit.
Described secondary controller 11 receives the signal that secondary state quantity detection sensor 3 ' is sent, and secondary controller 11 is connected to communicate by letter with primary communication module 12 with secondary communication module 12 '.
Described primary communication module 12 can be passed through the modes such as RS232, RS422, RS485, CAN, Ethernet and connect with master controller 8.Described secondary communication module 12 ' can be passed through the modes such as RS232, RS422, RS485, CAN, Ethernet and connect with secondary controller 11, and primary communication module and secondary communication module can be carried out radio communication or wire communication by modes such as radio frequency, infrared, RS232, RS422, RS485, CAN, Ethernets.
After treatment, each switching device that the output of drive circuit is connected to inverter frequency multiplier circuit drives terminals to the drive pulse signal that described drive circuit 13 sends inverter frequency multiplier circuit, drives each switching device of inverter frequency multiplier circuit.
The inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 of the frequency multiplication formula high frequency inverter of full-bridge inverting type wireless electric energy transmission device is as shown in Figure 1 by n cover full-bridge inverting cell formation, and every cover full-bridge inverting unit consists of 4 switches set.Switches set S1_1, S1_2, S1_3 and S1_4 form inverter first set inversion unit 2 ', switches set S2_1, S2_2, S2_3 and S2_4 form inverter the second cover inversion unit 2 ', by that analogy, switches set Sn_1, Sn_2, Sn_3 and Sn_4 form inverter n cover inversion unit 2 '.N frequency multiplication operational mode is as follows: 2 ' the timesharing action of n cover inversion unit, the operating frequency of every cover inversion unit 2 ' is identical, switches set driving pulse duty ratio in every cover inversion unit 2 ' is less than or equal to 1/(2n), the 1/n switch periods of working successively, each inversion unit driving pulse 360/n degree that lags behind successively; The output voltage frequency of n frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit be each inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency n doubly, i.e. n frequency multiplication inverter, wherein, n is not less than 1 integer.
The n cover inversion unit 2 ' of described inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 in a manner described timesharing drives formation n frequency multiplication inverter, also can therefrom select k cover inversion unit 2 ', form k frequency multiplication inverter, wherein k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n, thereby inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage frequency can be from 1 to n inversion unit output voltage frequency range doubly.
Output frequency variation along with inversion frequency multiplier circuit 2, master controller 8 sends instruction to elementary electric capacity compensated regulator 10 and secondary capacitance compensated regulator 10 ', regulate the capacitance of primary resonant electric capacity 5 and secondary resonance electric capacity 5 ', to match with inductance and frequency parameter, thus the high efficiency that keeps energy to transmit.
Described inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 is by regulating the phase difference of inversion unit diagonal switches set driving frequency to regulate the power output of inverter frequency multiplier circuit.Also can make inversion unit diagonal switches set driving pulse consistent, regulate the duty of its driving pulse recently to regulate the power output of inverter frequency multiplier circuit.
Figure 2 shows that the embodiment of the present invention two: semi-bridge type frequency multiplication formula high frequency inverter and frequency multiplication control method thereof, its basic composition and connected mode are identical with embodiment mono-except inversion unit 2 ' and corresponding power adjustments mode.
Inverter of semibridge type frequency multiplier circuit 2 as shown in Figure 2 consists of n cover semi-bridge inversion unit 2 ' and the electric capacity being connected in series and the grading resistor being connected in series, and every cover semi-bridge inversion unit consists of 2 switches set, and connected mode is shown in Fig. 2.The first switches set S1_1 and S1_2 form first set inversion unit 2 ' second switch group S2_1 and S2_2 forms the second cover inversion unit 2 ', and by that analogy, n switches set Sn_1 and Sn_2 form n cover inversion unit 2 '.N frequency multiplication operational mode is as follows: the switches set driving pulse duty ratio in each inversion unit is less than or equal to 1/(2n), the 1/n switch periods of working successively, each inversion unit driving pulse 360/n degree that lags behind successively; The output voltage frequency of n frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit is n times of each inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency, forms n frequency multiplication inverter, and wherein, n is not less than 1 integer.
With embodiment mono-, inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage frequency of embodiment bis-can be from inversion unit 2 ' the output voltage frequency range of 1 to n times.Output voltage frequency variation along with inversion frequency multiplier circuit 2, master controller 8 sends instruction to elementary electric capacity compensated regulator 10 and secondary capacitance compensated regulator 10 ', regulate the capacitance of primary resonant electric capacity 5 and secondary resonance electric capacity 5 ', to match with inductance and frequency parameter, thus the high efficiency that keeps energy to transmit.
Described inverter of semibridge type frequency multiplier circuit 2 each inversion unit 2 ' diagonal switches set driving pulses are consistent, by regulating the duty of its driving pulse recently to regulate the power output of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2.
Take embodiment mono-and embodiment bis-introduces the frequency multiplication control method of frequency tripling and n frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 as object.
Described in embodiment mono-, frequency tripling inverter frequency multiplier circuit can be with frequency tripling pattern, also can two frequency multiplication patterns or single frequency multiplication mode operation, and corresponding control method is as follows.
Frequency tripling pattern, frequency tripling inverter frequency multiplier circuit is comprised of three cover inversion units 2 '.The driving pulse duty ratio of each switches set is less than or equal to 1/6,1/3 switch periods of working successively; The driving pulse of controlling without dead band and inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output waveforms are as shown in Figure 3, wherein P14a and P23a are the driving pulse of first set inversion unit 2 ', P14b and P23b are the driving pulse of the second cover inversion unit 2 ', P14c and P23c are the driving pulse of the 3rd cover inversion unit 2 ', each switches set driving pulse 120 degree that lag behind successively.The output voltage frequency of frequency tripling inverter is 3 times of single cover inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency.(1), for bridge-type inversion unit 2 ', P14a is interior the first switch S 1_1 of the first switches set of first set inversion unit 2 ' and the driving pulse of the 4th switch S 1_4 of the first switches set; P23a be the first switches set in first set inversion unit 2 ' second switch S1_2 and the driving pulse of the 3rd switch S 1_3 of the first switches set; P14b be the second switch group in the second cover inversion unit 2 ' the first switch S 2_1 and the driving pulse of the 4th switch S 2_4 of second switch group; P23b be the second switch group in the second cover inversion unit 2 ' second switch S22 and the driving pulse of the 3rd switch S 2_3 of second switch group; P14c is the driving pulse of interior the 3rd switches set the first switch S 3_1 of the 3rd cover inversion unit 2 ' and the 4th switch S 3_4; P23c is the driving pulse of interior the 3rd switches set second switch S32 of the 3rd cover inversion unit 2 ' and the 3rd switches set the 3rd switch S 3_3; Up is inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage waveforms.(2), for semi-bridge type inversion unit 2 ', P14a is the driving pulse of first switches set the first switch S 1_1 in first set inversion unit 2 '; P23a is the driving pulse of the first switches set second switch S1_2 in first set inversion unit 2 '; P14b is the driving pulse of S2_1 in second cover inversion unit 2 ' second switch group the first switch; P23b is the driving pulse of second switch group switch S 2_2 in the second cover inversion unit 2 '; P14c is the driving pulse of the 3rd switches set the first switch S 3_1 in the 3rd cover inversion unit 2 '; P23c is the driving pulse of the 3rd switches set second switch S3_2 in the 3rd cover inversion unit 2 '; Up is inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage waveforms.Can see that frequency tripling inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage frequency are three times of single cover inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency.
Two frequency multiplication patterns are selected arbitrarily two covers from three cover inversion units 2 ', for example, select first set and the second cover inversion unit operation.The driving pulse duty ratio of each switches set is less than or equal to 1/4,1/2 switch periods of working successively; The driving pulse of controlling without dead band and inverter frequency multiplier circuit output waveform are as shown in Figure 4, wherein P14a and P23a are first set inversion unit 2 ' driving pulse, P14b and P23b are the second cover inversion unit 2 ' driving pulse, hysteresis first set inversion unit 2 ' driving pulse 180 degree.The output voltage frequency of two frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuits is twices of single cover inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency.(1), for bridge-type inversion unit, P14a is the first switch S 1_1 of the first switches set in inverter first set inversion unit 2 ' and the driving pulse of the 4th switch S 1_4; P23a is the second switch S1_2 of the first switches set and the driving pulse of the 3rd switch S 1_3 in first set inversion unit 2 '; P14b is the first switch S 2_1 of the second switch group in the second cover inversion unit 2 ' and the driving pulse of the 4th switch S 2_4; P23b is the second switch S2_2 of second switch group and the driving pulse of the 3rd switch S 2_3 in the second cover inversion unit 2 '; Up is the output voltage waveforms of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2.(2), for semi-bridge type inversion unit 2 ', P14a is the driving pulse of the first switch S 1_1 of the first switches set in first set inversion unit 2 '; P23a is the driving pulse of the second switch S1_2 of the first switches set in first set inversion unit 2 '; P14b is the driving pulse of the first switch S 2_1 of the second switch group in the second cover inversion unit 2 '; P23b is the driving pulse of the second switch S2_2 of the second switch group in the second cover inversion unit 2 '; Up is the output voltage waveforms of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2.Can see that two frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage frequency are twices of the inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency of every cover operation.
Single frequency multiplication pattern is selected arbitrarily a set of operation from three cover inversion units 2 ', for example, select the operation of first set inversion unit.The driving pulse duty ratio of each switches set is less than or equal to 1/2, and as shown in Figure 5, wherein P14a and P23a are first set inversion unit 2 ' driving pulse for the driving pulse of controlling without dead band and inverter frequency multiplier circuit output waveform.(1), for bridge-type inversion unit, P14a is the first switch S 1_1 of the first switches set in inverter first set inversion unit 2 ' and the driving pulse of the 4th switch S 1_4; P23a is the second switch S1_2 of the first switches set and the driving pulse of the 3rd switch S 1_3 in first set inversion unit 2 '.(2), for semi-bridge type inversion unit 2 ', P14a is the driving pulse of the first switch S 1_1 of the first switches set in first set inversion unit 2 '; P23a is the driving pulse of the second switch group S1_2 of the first switches set in first set inversion unit 2 '; Up is the output voltage waveforms of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2.Under inversion unit independent operation mode, the inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 output voltage frequency and operation is identical.
According to above introduction, the k frequency multiplication mode control method that is easy to derive n frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 is as follows:
K frequency multiplication pattern: select arbitrarily the operation of k cover from n cover inversion unit 2 '.Switches set driving pulse duty ratio in every cover inversion unit 2 ' is less than or equal to 1/(2k), the 1/k switch periods of working successively, each inversion unit 2 ' driving pulse 360/k degree that lags behind successively.Under k frequency multiplication operational mode the output voltage frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit 2 be the operation of every cover inversion unit 2 ' output voltage frequency k doubly, k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n.
For bridge-type inverter frequency multiplier circuit, above embodiment introduces and in frequency multiplication control method, does not apply bridge Phase shifted PWM Controlled, while adopting bridge Phase shifted PWM Controlled, there is certain phase difference in each inversion unit diagonal switches set driving pulse, with regulation output power.For example,, in n frequency multiplication full-bridge inverter frequency multiplier circuit, in k inversion unit 2 ', the certain phase angle of driving pulse hysteresis Sk_1 driving pulse of Sk_4, the same phase angle of driving pulse hysteresis Sk_3 driving pulse of Sk_2, n is not less than 1 integer, and k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n.
Claims (5)
1. the high frequency inverter of a wireless electric energy transmission device, described high frequency inverter comprises: DC power supply (1), inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2), master controller (8), secondary controller (11), primary resonant electric capacity (5), secondary resonance electric capacity (5 '), elementary electric capacity compensated regulator (10), secondary capacitance compensated regulator (10 '), contactless transformer (4), frequency and phase detecting module (9), primary status quantity detection sensor (3), secondary state quantity detection sensor (3 '), primary communication module (12), secondary communication module (12 '), rectifier (6), load (7) and drive circuit (13), described DC power supply (1) connects the direct-flow input end of inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2), and inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) is connected with primary resonant electric capacity (5), the elementary connection of the same contactless transformer of primary resonant electric capacity (5) (4), between the output of inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) and primary resonant electric capacity (5), be provided with primary status quantity detection sensor (3), the input that is connected to rectifier (6) after contactless transformer (4) secondary is connected with secondary resonant capacitance (5 '), the output of rectifier (6) is connected to load (7), between rectifier (6) and load (7), be provided with secondary state quantity detection sensor (3 '), inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) output voltage that primary status quantity detection sensor (3) detects and inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) output current signal enter frequency and phase detecting module (9), and frequency and phase detecting module (9) send to master controller (8) by the phase signal between the frequency signal of inverter output current and inverter output voltage and inverter output current, all signals that primary status quantity detection sensor (3) detects all send to master controller (8), secondary state quantity detection sensor (3 ') sends to secondary controller (11) by rectifier (6) output voltage and rectifier (6) output current signal, secondary controller (11) sends to primary communication module (12) by secondary communication module (12 ') by described voltage and current signal, and primary communication module (12) passes to master controller (8) by described voltage and current signal again, the signal of the comprehensive primary status quantity detection sensor (3) of master controller (8) and secondary state quantity detection sensor (3 '), send the drive pulse signal of inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) to drive circuit (13), each switching device that drive circuit (13) is connected to inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) drives terminals, the same master controller of one side (8) of elementary electric capacity compensated regulator (10) is connected, and opposite side is connected with primary resonant electric capacity (5), secondary capacitance compensated regulator (10 ') side is connected with secondary controller 11, and opposite side is connected with secondary resonant capacitance (5 '), described inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) forms by n cover inversion unit (2 ') is in parallel, the timesharing of n cover inversion unit (2 ') drives, the output voltage frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) or power frequency are inversion unit (2 ') output voltage frequency or power frequency n times, form n frequency multiplication inverter, wherein, n is not less than 1 integer, when k cover inversion unit (the 2 ') timesharing in described n cover inversion unit (2 ') drives, the output voltage frequency of inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) or power frequency are inversion unit (2 ') output voltage frequency or power frequency k times, form k frequency multiplication inverter, wherein, n is not less than 1 integer, and k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n, it is characterized in that, by master controller (8), regulate the duty ratio of driving pulse and the phase place between driving pulse, send drive pulse signal and send to drive circuit (13) after dead band is controlled, by n cover inversion unit (2 ') the timesharing action among drive circuit (13) timesharing driving inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2), the operating frequency of every cover inversion unit (2 ') is identical, switches set driving pulse duty ratio in every cover inversion unit (2 ') is less than or equal to 1/ (2n), the 1/n switch periods of working successively, each inversion unit driving pulse 360/n degree that lags behind successively, the output voltage frequency of n frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit or power frequency are each inversion unit (2 ') output voltage frequency or power frequency n times, realize n frequency multiplication inverter, and n is not less than 1 integer.
2. the frequency multiplication control method of high frequency inverter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when drive circuit (13) timesharing drives k cover inversion unit (the 2 ') action in inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2), the output voltage frequency of described inverter frequency multiplier circuit or power frequency are inversion unit (2 ') output voltage frequency or power frequency k times, form k frequency multiplication inverter, k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n, n is the number of inversion unit (2 '), and n is not less than 1 integer.
3. the frequency multiplication control method of high frequency inverter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, switches set driving pulse duty ratio in inversion unit (2 ') described in every cover of described k frequency multiplication inverter is less than or equal to 1/ (2k), the 1/k switch periods of working successively, each inversion unit (2 ') driving pulse 360/k degree that lags behind successively; The output voltage frequency of k frequency multiplication inverter frequency multiplier circuit or power frequency are each inversion unit (2 ') output voltage frequency or power frequency k times, k is not less than 1 and be not more than the integer of n, n is the number of inversion unit (2 '), and n is not less than 1 integer.
4. the frequency multiplication control method of high frequency inverter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) is by regulating the phase difference of inversion unit diagonal switches set driving pulse to regulate the power output of inverter frequency multiplier circuit; Or make inversion unit diagonal switches set driving pulse consistent, the duty of adjusting inversion unit diagonal switches set driving pulse recently regulates the power output of inverter frequency multiplier circuit.
5. the frequency multiplication control method of high frequency inverter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, for voltage source inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2), the output voltage frequency that described k frequency multiplication inverter refers to inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) be inversion unit (2 ') output voltage frequency k doubly; For current source inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2), the output current frequency that described k frequency multiplication inverter refers to inverter frequency multiplier circuit (2) be inversion unit (2 ') output current frequency k doubly, k is not less than 1 integer.
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