CN102856652B - Electromagnetic transparent metamaterial - Google Patents
Electromagnetic transparent metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN102856652B CN102856652B CN201110061874.4A CN201110061874A CN102856652B CN 102856652 B CN102856652 B CN 102856652B CN 201110061874 A CN201110061874 A CN 201110061874A CN 102856652 B CN102856652 B CN 102856652B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic transparent metamaterial which comprises a base material and a plurality of artificial metal micro-structures which are periodically arrayed in the base material. When electromagnetic waves pass through the metamaterial, the artificial metal micro-structures are equivalent to two identical two-dimensional circuits in a direction perpendicular to an electromagnetic wave incident direction and in a direction parallel to the electromagnetic wave incident direction, each two-dimensional circuit consists of an inductive branch and two identical capacitive branches symmetrically parallelly connected to the inductive branch, and the two-dimensional circuits correspond to the frequency range of the electromagnetic waves, so that the dielectric constant and the magnetic conductivity of the metamaterial are 1 basically when the electromagnetic waves pass through the metamaterial. A wave penetrating principle which is different from that of the traditional electromagnetic transparent material is adopted, and dependence of electromagnetic transparency on materials of the substrate is eliminated, so that the application range of the electromagnetic transparent material is greatly expanded.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Meta Materials, particularly relate to a kind of Meta Materials with electromagnetic transparent.
Background technology
Electromagnetic transparent material refers to the material that can change electromagnetic character (comprising energy) through electromagnetic wave and hardly.It is widely used in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, military equipment and radio equipment, its function be meet microwave-millimeter-wave signal the performance requirement such as reception, transmission, amplification, mixing, transmitting or avoid incident electromagnetic wave to reflect in a large number thus reach the object avoiding the other side's radar detection.Traditional electromagnetic transparent material adopts fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, the properties of transparency of these polymer matrix composites is relevant to kinds of fibers, resin matrix and composite material interface performance, and itself dielectric property is depended in fiber and the impact of resin matrix on material transparent performance.Because this type of traditional its properties of transparency of electromagnetism transparent material depends on the transparent characteristic of its material itself, when external environment condition is comparatively severe, such as, during HTHP, physical characteristic and the transparent characteristic of traditional electromagnetism transparent material are all restricted, and therefore its adaptive surface is narrow.And the electromagnetic parameter of traditional electromagnetism transparent material regulates complicated, need for different electromagnetic wave frequency ranges the composition and the component that regulate traditional electromagnetism transparent material respectively, it needs a large amount of experimental verifications and cost of manufacture is high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the above-mentioned deficiency for prior art, utilize Meta Materials designing technique to propose a kind of structure is simple, adapt to wide electromagnetic transparent Meta Materials.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is to provide a kind of Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent, and it comprises: base material, periodic arrangement are in artificial metal's micro-structural of this base material inside; When electromagnetic wave is by this Meta Materials, this artificial metal's micro-structural is equivalent to two and identical is parallel to by inductive branch and symmetry the two-dimensional circuit that two of this inductive branch identical capacitive branch form in the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident vertical and the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident parallel, this two-dimensional circuit makes this electromagnetic wave be 1 all substantially by the dielectric constant of this Meta Materials during this Meta Materials and magnetic permeability corresponding to this electromagnetic frequency range.
This artificial metal's micro-structural comprises cross one another first metal branch of common mid point, the second metal branch and the 3rd metal branch, and this first metal branch is parallel to this electromagnetic wave incident direction; Article two, the 4th metal branch is positioned at these the first metal branch two ends with two article of the 5th metal branch mid point and isometric and parallel with the 3rd metal branch with this second metal branch respectively; Article two, the 6th metal branch mid point is positioned at these the second metal branch two ends and isometric and parallel with this first metal branch; Article two, the 7th metal branch mid point is positioned at the 3rd metal branch two ends and isometric and parallel with this first metal branch; 6th metal branch and the 4th metal branch form the first plane of this artificial metal's micro-structural, and the 5th metal branch and the 7th metal branch form the second plane of this artificial metal's micro-structural; Every article of the 4th metal branch and every article of the 5th metal branch are symmetrical in its mid point respectively and are provided with at least one pair of gap structure.
This gap structure is formed by every article of the 4th metal branch and every article of the 5th metal branch fracture opening.
These fracture opening two ends are also connected with two the 8th relative metal branch.
These two the 8th relative metal branch are straight linear metallic branch or circular arc-shaped metal branch.
This first metal branch, this second metal branch and the mutual square crossing of the 3rd metal branch common midpoint and this first metal branch, this second metal branch are equal with the 3rd metal branch length.
This base material is combined by multiple flat substrates, and each this flat substrates is attached with multiple metal branch; When after multiple this flat substrates combination, these metal branch multiple be attached on this flat substrates multiple are combined as this artificial metal's micro-structural.
This base material is one or more in glass, FR-4, F4B, epoxy resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, rubber, poly-third ethene.
This artificial metal's micro-structural be by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve, ion quarter be attached to this base material.
The present invention, by designing a kind of artificial metal's micro-structural of Meta Materials and making Meta Materials have specific electromagnetic response in base material inside its periodic arrangement, also can not change when electromagnetic wave, by its propagation path during this Meta Materials, deviation, the direction of propagation can not occur.The present invention adopts the wave transparent principle being different from traditional electromagnetism transparent material, makes electromagnetic wave transparent characteristic be not limited to base material material thus the very big scope of application improving electromagnetic transparent material.Further, the artificial metal micro structure of the present invention is designed in all directions symmetrical, thus the component making artificial metal's micro-structural have isotropic and the Meta Materials dielectric constant of each point and each direction of magnetic permeability does not in space change with change in location thus expands the scope of application of the present invention further.Further, owing to regulating the electromagnetic parameter of the Meta Materials of the size of artificial metal micro structure and adjustable electromagnetic transparent of the present invention, therefore it has low cost of manufacture and electromagnetic parameter advantage easy to adjust.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Meta Materials that Fig. 1 (a) is electromagnetic transparent of the present invention is at the two-dimensional circuit figure of the direction of vertical electromagnetic wave incident equivalence;
The Meta Materials that Fig. 1 (b) is electromagnetic transparent of the present invention is at the two-dimensional circuit figure of the direction of parallel electromagnetic wave incident equivalence;
Fig. 2 is the overall perspective view of the Meta Materials elementary cell of electromagnetic transparent of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Meta Materials artificial metal micro-structural schematic perspective view of electromagnetic transparent of the present invention.
Embodiment
Meta Materials is made up of in base material according to ad hoc fashion periodic arrangement artificial metal's micro-structural with certain pattern form.The pattern form that artificial metal's micro-structural is different and arrangement mode make Meta Materials have different dielectric constants and different magnetic permeabilitys thus make Meta Materials have different electromagnetic responses.
The present invention utilizes a kind of Meta Materials to the transparent characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in special frequency channel of the above-mentioned principle design of Meta Materials.So-called " transparent characteristic " refers to that the dielectric constant that the electromagnetic wave of special frequency channel is showed by this Meta Materials during Meta Materials and magnetic permeability are 1 all substantially, namely refractive index is 1 substantially, thus the electromagnetic wave of this special frequency channel, by its propagation path after this Meta Materials, deviation, the direction of propagation can not occur also can not change.The dielectric constant of Meta Materials of the present invention and magnetic permeability are 1 refer to that dielectric constant and magnetic permeability float ± 10% and be tolerance interval all substantially.And because the present invention is equal with relative permeability relative to its relative dielectric constant of air, therefore the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent of the present invention also has the function of impedance matching relative to air.
Design principle of the present invention is as follows: design a kind of artificial metal's micro-structural and its periodic arrangement is inner in base material; When electromagnetic wave is by this Meta Materials, this artificial metal's micro-structural is equivalent to two and identical is parallel to the two-dimensional circuit that the identical capacitive branch of two of this inductive branch forms, as shown in Fig. 1 (a) He Fig. 1 (b) by inductive branch and symmetry in the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident vertical and the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident parallel.This two-dimensional circuit corresponds to this electromagnetic frequency range and makes this electromagnetic wave be 1 all substantially by the dielectric constant of this Meta Materials during this Meta Materials and magnetic permeability.
Discuss design process of the present invention in detail below: determine an electromagnetic frequency range according to actual needs, the electromagnetic wave of this frequency range is by transparent characteristic during Meta Materials, design initial artificial metal's micro-structural and determine the interval between the size of each metal branch of this initial artificial metal's micro-structural and each metal branch, this electromagnetic wave is interposed between by equivalent inductance element in the equivalent two-dimensional circuit in design principle of the present invention and equivalent capacity element can be equivalent to during this initial artificial metal's micro-structural between the metal branch of those different sizes and each metal branch, those equivalent inductance elements and those equivalent capacity elements make this initial artificial metal's micro-structural be equivalent to the LC resonant circuit with a resonance band, the resonance band of this LC resonant circuit should be regulated to deviate from the electromagnetic frequency range of required use makes relative dielectric constant and relative permeability be 1 all substantially, thus reach designing requirement of the present invention, this resonance band is by formula
obtain, due in high-frequency microwave circuit design, thus node circuit theory is no longer suitable for needs to adopt the analytical method of distributed circuit i.e. microwave network method to carry out analysis circuit, wherein in microwave network method, scattering parameter (S parameter) is most important parameter, S parameter is based upon incident wave, network parameter on reflected wave relation basis, be suitable for Microwave circuit analysis, with the reflected signal of device interface and be transmitted to another port from this port signal to describe circuit network, therefore the known LC resonance phenomena come by S parameter in equivalent description equivalent electric circuit of those skilled in the art.Existing nearly all have for the comprehensive of radio frequency and microwave applications and analysis tool carry out the ability that emulates, the ADS (Adva nced Design System) of such as most widely used Agilent company by S parameter; Use above computer simulation software to carry out Computer Simulation to initial artificial metal's micro-structural and show that the initial S parameter value of the Meta Materials being attached with initial artificial metal's micro-structural (comprises reflection coefficient S
11with transmission coefficient S
21), pass through formula:
Calculate the refractive index n of the Meta Materials being attached with initial artificial metal's micro-structural, impedance z, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε, magnetic permeability μ.Substantially 1 is equaled owing to the object of the invention is to make the refractive index n of Meta Materials, the interval that therefore must adjust after the refractive index obtaining the Meta Materials being attached with initial artificial metal's micro-structural between the size of initial each metal branch of artificial metal's micro-structural and/or each metal branch even may redesign initial artificial metal's micro-structural, then proceeds simulation calculation until obtain the refractive index needed.
Use above-mentioned design principle and above-mentioned design process can obtain different satisfactory artificial metal's micro-structurals, choose wherein one below and be described in detail.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the overall perspective view of the elementary cell of the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent of the present invention.Meta Materials comprises multiple artificial metal's micro-structural 1 and base material.Base material is divided into multiple construction unit 2, and artificial metal's micro-structural 1 is attached in multiple construction unit 2.An artificial metal micro structure 1 and construction unit 2 constitute the elementary cell 100 of Meta Materials, and Meta Materials entirety can be regarded as and be formed by countless elementary cell 100 array arrangement.The material of base material can be multiple, because the present invention needs to make electromagnetic wave substantially not produce loss by during Meta Materials, therefore except the special electromagnetic response of artificial metal's micro-structural, in order to reach better effect, all kinds of conventional materials that base material optional power taking magnetic loss is little, such as glass, FR-4, F4B, epoxy resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, rubber, poly-third ethene etc.
Generally include two kinds in the method for base material Inner Constitution artificial metal micro-structural, one be by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics are carved, ion quarter etc. by whole artificial metal's micro-structural periodic arrangement in base material inside; Another kind adopts flat substrates, wherein multiple flat substrates requires according to the solid of required artificial metal's micro-structural and flat orientation arrangement the metal branch being attached with various shape, the metal branch of the various shapes be attached on each flat substrates after the combination of those flat substrates constitutes required artificial metal's micro-structural, adopts this kind of method can easily regulate size and the interval of all kinds of metal branch.
Next please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of artificial metal's micro-structural schematic perspective view of the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent of the present invention.In Fig. 3, artificial metal's micro-structural comprises: cross one another first metal branch 11, second metal branch 12 of mid point and the 3rd metal branch 13 altogether, and this first metal branch 11 is parallel to electromagnetic wave incident direction; Article two, the 4th metal branch 14 is positioned at these the first metal branch 11 two ends with two article of the 5th metal branch 15 mid point and isometric and parallel with the 3rd metal branch 13 with this second metal branch 12 respectively; Article two, the 6th metal branch 16 mid point is positioned at these the second metal branch 12 two ends and isometric and parallel with this first metal branch 11; Article two, the 7th metal branch 17 mid point is positioned at the 3rd metal branch 13 two ends and isometric and parallel with this first metal branch 11; 6th metal branch 16 and the 4th metal branch 14 form the first plane of this artificial metal's micro-structural, and the 5th metal branch 15 and the 7th metal branch 17 form the second plane of this artificial metal's micro-structural; Every article of the 4th metal branch 14 and every article of the 5th metal branch 15 are symmetrical in its mid point respectively and are provided with at least one pair of gap structure.
When the electromagnetic wave that incident direction is parallel to the first metal branch 11 is by Meta Materials, each metal branch is equivalent to equivalent inductance, gap structure is equivalent to equivalent capacity simultaneously, and each equivalent inductance and equivalent capacity are being parallel to the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident and are constituting the equivalent circuit diagram as shown in Fig. 1 (a) He Fig. 1 (b) perpendicular to the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident.
In order to expand equivalent capacity, in the present embodiment, gap structure is formed by this each article the 4th metal branch 14 and each article of the 5th metal branch 15 opening that ruptures, and each fracture opening part also comprises two article of the 8th metal branch 18 be oppositely arranged.The shape of the 8th metal branch 18 can be multiple, such as, utilize circular arc-shaped metal branch to expand metal wire area thus increase electric capacity, adopting straight linear metallic branch for simplifying the manufacturing process of overall artificial metal structure in the present embodiment.
In addition, in order to expand usage range of the present invention, the first metal branch 11, second metal branch 12 in the present embodiment, the 3rd mutual square crossing of metal branch 13 common midpoint and the first metal branch 11, second metal branch 12 is equal with the 3rd metal branch 13 length.Adopt this kind of design to make artificial metal's micro-structural in the present embodiment become symmetrical structure in all directions thus make the electromagnetic response of Meta Materials entirety have isotropic, namely the component in the Meta Materials dielectric constant of each point and each direction of magnetic permeability does not in space change with change in location.Therefore incident direction is parallel to the first metal branch 11 and the electromagnetic wave with special frequency channel all has identical transparent characteristic by during Meta Materials any point.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; instead of it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect, also can make a lot of form, these all belong within protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a Meta Materials for electromagnetic transparent, is characterized in that: comprising: base material, periodic arrangement are in multiple artificial metal's micro-structurals of this base material inside, when electromagnetic wave is by this Meta Materials, this artificial metal's micro-structural is equivalent to two and identical is parallel to by inductive branch and symmetry the two-dimensional circuit that the identical capacitive branch of two of this inductive branch forms in the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident vertical and the direction of this electromagnetic wave incident parallel, this two-dimensional circuit corresponds to this electromagnetic frequency range and makes this electromagnetic wave be 1 all substantially by the dielectric constant of this Meta Materials during this Meta Materials and magnetic permeability, this artificial metal's micro-structural comprises cross one another first metal branch of common mid point, second metal branch and the 3rd metal branch, this first metal branch is parallel to this electromagnetic wave incident direction, article two, the 4th metal branch is positioned at these the first metal branch two ends with two article of the 5th metal branch mid point and isometric and parallel with the 3rd metal branch with this second metal branch respectively, article two, the 6th metal branch mid point is positioned at these the second metal branch two ends and isometric and parallel with this first metal branch, article two, the 7th metal branch mid point is positioned at the 3rd metal branch two ends and isometric and parallel with this first metal branch, 6th metal branch and the 4th metal branch form the first plane of this artificial metal's micro-structural, and the 5th metal branch and the 7th metal branch form the second plane of this artificial metal's micro-structural, every article of the 4th metal branch and every article of the 5th metal branch are symmetrical in its mid point respectively and are provided with at least one pair of gap structure.
2. the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: this gap structure is formed by every article of the 4th metal branch and every article of the 5th metal branch fracture opening.
3. the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: these fracture opening two ends are also connected with two the 8th relative metal branch.
4. the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: these two the 8th relative metal branch are straight linear metallic branch or circular arc-shaped metal branch.
5. the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: this first metal branch, this second metal branch and the mutual square crossing of the 3rd metal branch common midpoint and this first metal branch, this second metal branch are equal with the 3rd metal branch length.
6. the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: this base material is combined by multiple flat substrates, each this flat substrates is attached with multiple metal branch; When after multiple this flat substrates combination, these metal branch multiple be attached on this flat substrates multiple are combined as this artificial metal's micro-structural.
7. the Meta Materials of electromagnetic transparent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: this base material is one or more in glass, FR-4, F4B, epoxy resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, rubber, poly-third ethene.
8. the Meta Materials of the electromagnetic transparent as described in claim 1 or 6, is characterized in that: this artificial metal's micro-structural is attached to this base material quarter by etching, electroplating, bore quarter, photoetching, electronics quarter or ion.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110061874.4A CN102856652B (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Electromagnetic transparent metamaterial |
| PCT/CN2011/082260 WO2012122814A1 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-11-16 | Electromagnetically-transparent metamaterial |
| US13/522,954 US9178284B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-11-16 | Electromagnetically transparent metamaterial |
| EP11855259.5A EP2688148B1 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-11-16 | Electromagnetically-transparent metamaterial |
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| CN201110061874.4A CN102856652B (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Electromagnetic transparent metamaterial |
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| CN102856652A CN102856652A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
| CN102856652B true CN102856652B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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| CN112002539B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-04-13 | 北京力通通信有限公司 | Integrated inductor and integrated circuit capable of reducing far-end electromagnetic radiation |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101389998A (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2009-03-18 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Metamaterials |
| CN101694558A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2010-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Metamaterial structure for modulating terahertz wave |
| CN101765358A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-06-30 | 西北工业大学 | Meta-material absorber based on dendritic structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI263063B (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-10-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | A super-resolution optical component and a left-handed material thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101389998A (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2009-03-18 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Metamaterials |
| CN101765358A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-06-30 | 西北工业大学 | Meta-material absorber based on dendritic structure |
| CN101694558A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2010-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Metamaterial structure for modulating terahertz wave |
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