CN102854997A - Image processing method of displacement detection device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an image processing method of a displacement detection device. The displacement detection device acquires images according to exposure parameters. The image processing method includes steps of acquiring a first image and obtaining average brightness of the first image; comparing the average brightness with a first threshold value and a second threshold value; and comparing the first image with a reference image to obtain a displacement quantity when the average brightness is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value and the first image deducts an attenuation value.
Description
The application is that application number is 200810189402.5, and the applying date is on Dec 23rd, 2008, and name is called the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention of " image processing method of displacement detector and use the displacement detector of the method ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of displacement detector, particularly the displacement detector of a kind of image processing method of displacement detector and use the method.
Background technology
When the brightness of image such as the institute of the image sensering device in the displacement detector of mouse sensing is not in preset range, usually need to so that can obtaining, the image sensering device in the described displacement detector have the well-lit image by the time shutter of adjusting described displacement detector.For example United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 297, No. 513 " exposure control mechanism (Exposure Servo for Optical Navigation over Micro-textured Surface) that is used for the micro-structure surface optical guidance ", described patent according to the mean flow rate of image that displacement detector obtains with the control exposure parameter, the control method of described patent comprises the following steps: that (a) changes the setting of exposure control parameter, until mean flow rate is 50% of maximum possible value; (b) if the related data of displacement detecting (correlated data) meets the requirements, keep present exposure parameter and set, otherwise further change exposure control parameter until related data meets the requirements; (c) store present mean flow rate; (d) navigate (navigation) in the hope of displacement with present exposure control parameter, the step of wherein said navigation comprises mean flow rate and the related data that storage is up-to-date; And (e) adjust exposure control parameter.
Yet above-mentioned exposal control method only limits to be used for changing exposure control parameter has different reflection strengths with adjustment surface image brightness when mean picture brightness is not in preset range.When the mean flow rate of image met the requirements, the image that displacement detector obtains was further not processed, thereby can't effectively promote the dynamic process ability of reflecting surface image.
For these reasons, really still be necessary to propose in addition a kind of image processing method of displacement detector, have the surface image resolution of different reflection strengths with increase, and then increase the dynamic process ability of reflecting surface image.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of image processing method of displacement detector, this displacement detector obtains image according to exposure parameter, the mean flow rate that this image processing method comprises the following steps: to obtain the first image and obtains this first image; More described mean flow rate and first threshold and Second Threshold; When described mean flow rate is between described first threshold and the Second Threshold and described the first image when having deducted pad value, described the first image and reference picture are compared in the hope of displacement.
The invention provides a kind of image processing method of displacement detector and the displacement detector of use the method, described displacement detector utilizes analog/digital unit combining amplifier to process the image that imageing sensor obtains, the surface image resolution that has different reflection strengths with increase, and then the dynamic process ability of increase reflecting surface image.
The invention provides a kind of image processing method of displacement detector and the displacement detector of use the method, described displacement detector utilizes non-linear simulation/digital function to process the image that imageing sensor obtains, the surface image resolution that has different reflection strengths with increase, and then the dynamic process ability of increase reflecting surface image.
The invention provides a kind of image processing method of displacement detector, described displacement detector obtains image according to exposure parameter, the mean flow rate that described image processing method comprises the following steps: to obtain the first image and obtains described the first image; Judge whether described mean flow rate is between first threshold and the Second Threshold; When described mean flow rate is not between described first threshold and the Second Threshold, changes the exposure parameter of described displacement detector, and compare described the first image and reference picture in the hope of displacement; When described mean flow rate is between described first threshold and the Second Threshold, judge whether described the first image has deducted pad value; When described the first image has been deducted described pad value, compare described the first image and reference picture in the hope of displacement; When described the first image is not yet deducted described pad value, upgrade described pad value and gain; Pad value after upgrading from the first image deduction also amplifies described the first image after the decay with described gain; Described the first image and reference picture after decay and the amplification are compared in the hope of displacement; And described displacement transferred to image display device.
In the image processing method of displacement detector of the present invention, described gain can be linear gain or non-linear gain; Digitized mode can be for linear or non-linear.
According to another characteristics of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of displacement detector in addition, and this displacement detector comprises imageing sensor, digital-to-analog unit, adder unit, amplifier, analog/digital unit and digital signal processor.The image that imageing sensor is used for obtaining the surface is to form analog image, and wherein said analog image has mean flow rate.The digital-to-analog unit is for generation of pad value.Adder unit be coupled described imageing sensor and described digital-to-analog unit are used for described analog image is deducted described pad value.Amplifier amplifies the analog image after the decay.Described analog image after the digitizing decay of analog/digital unit and the amplification.Analog image after the digital signal processor comparison digitizing and reference picture be with the formation displacement, and control described digital-to-analog unit and produce described pad value.
According to another characteristics of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of displacement detector in addition, and this displacement detector comprises imageing sensor, digital-to-analog unit, adder unit, non-linear simulation/digital units and digital signal processor.The image that imageing sensor is used for obtaining the surface is to form analog image, and wherein said analog image has mean flow rate.The digital-to-analog unit is for generation of pad value.Adder unit be coupled described imageing sensor and described digital-to-analog unit are used for described analog image is deducted described pad value.Analog image after non-linear simulation/digital units digitizing decay.Analog image after the digital signal processor comparison digitizing and reference picture be with the formation displacement, and control described digital-to-analog unit and produce described pad value.
In the displacement detector of the present invention, according to different application, the analog/digital unit can be linearity or non-linear simulation/digital units, and amplifier can have linear and nonlinear gain, with effective increase surface image resolution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the displacement detector of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the image processing method of the embodiment of the invention, wherein, and the brightness of image one dimension distribution schematic diagram that (a) obtains for imageing sensor among Fig. 2; (b) be the brightness of image one dimension distribution schematic diagram after the decay among Fig. 2; And (c) be among Fig. 2 decay and amplify after brightness of image one dimension distribution schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is another block diagram of the image processing method of the embodiment of the invention, wherein, and the brightness of image one dimension distribution schematic diagram that (a) obtains for imageing sensor among Fig. 3; (b) be the brightness of image one dimension distribution schematic diagram after the decay among Fig. 3; And (c) be through the brightness of image one dimension distribution schematic diagram behind non-linear simulation/digital units among Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the relation of demonstration digital value and aanalogvoltage, wherein, (a) is the figure that shows the linear relationship of digital value and aanalogvoltage; And (b) be the figure of the nonlinear relationship that shows digital value and aanalogvoltage.
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of image processing method of the displacement detector of the embodiment of the invention.
The primary clustering symbol description
1: displacement detector 10: light source
11: imageing sensor 12: graphics processing unit
121: digital-to-analog unit 122: amplifier
123: analog/digital unit 124: digital signal processor
125: transmission interface unit ADD: adder unit
D
x: mean flow rate A
x: the brightness changing value
DAC: pad value g: gain
110 ~ 170: step
Embodiment
In order to allow above and other objects of the present invention, feature and the advantage can be more obvious, have hereinafter enumerated embodiments of the invention, and in conjunction with appended diagram, be described in detail below.
Please refer to shown in Figure 1ly, Fig. 1 has shown the displacement detector 1 of the embodiment of the invention, and this displacement detector 1 comprises light source 10, imageing sensor 11 and graphics processing unit 12.The embodiment of light source 10 comprises light emitting diode or laser diode, is used for illumination surface S, for example desktop or mouse pad surface.The embodiment of imageing sensor 11 comprises Charged Coupled Device (CCD) imageing sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) imageing sensor, be used for the reflected light of the described surperficial S of sensing to produce two-dimensional analog image, the image that the brightness value that described two-dimensional analog image is each pixel of described imageing sensor 11 forms.The graphics processing unit 12 described light source 10 of coupling and described imageing sensors 11, the image that obtains for the treatment of described imageing sensor 11 and the luminous mechanism of controlling described light source 10, such as glow frequency and brightness etc.In the present invention, further process the image that described imageing sensor 11 obtains by utilizing described graphics processing unit 12, with the image resolution ratio of the described surperficial S of effective increase.
Described graphics processing unit 12 comprises digital-to-analog unit (DAC) 121, amplifier 122, analog/digital unit (ADC) 123, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) 124 and transmission interface unit 125.The digital signal of digital-to-analog unit 121 receiving digital signals processors 124 is to produce the pad value (being called DAC in this instructions) of direct current, described pad value be used for the decaying brightness value of the two-dimensional analog image that described imageing sensor 11 obtains, avoiding in follow-up amplification and digitization step, pixel intensity exceeds preset range (for example 0 ~ 255 GTG value).122 in amplifier is used for amplifying the two-dimensional analog image of having deducted described pad value (after the decay), and described amplifier 122 can be linearity or non-linear amplifier, and described amplifier 122 can be omitted according to the kind of analog/digital unit 123.Described analog/digital unit 123 can be linearity or non-linear simulation/digital units, the two-dimensional analog image (having deducted or do not deducted described pad value and amplification) that is used for described imageing sensor 11 is obtained is converted to digital value, for example the GTG value in 0 ~ 255 scope; Described digital signal processor 124 receives GTG value from each pixel of described analog/digital unit 123 to form two-dimensional digital image and to try to achieve displacement, for example tries to achieve described displacement according to the correlativity between the digital picture of different time (correlation).In addition, the described digital-to-analog of described digital signal processor 124 controls unit 121 produces pad value, and this determines according to described digital signal processor 124 handled images.The displacement that described digital signal processor 124 is tried to achieve in transmission interface unit 125 transfers to the image display device (not shown) to carry out relative control wireless or wiredly.
Please refer to shown in (a) to (c) among Fig. 2, shown the block diagram of the image processing method of the embodiment of the invention.(a) among Fig. 2 shows that to (c) a kind of embodiment is at the one dimension distribution schematic diagram of different disposal brightness of image in the stage.At first, described imageing sensor 11 obtains the two-dimensional analog image of described surperficial S, wherein brightness value (the D of a row pixel in the described two-dimensional analog image of the expression of (a) among Fig. 2
x+ A
x) with variation, the D of the sensing array (not shown) lateral separation of described imageing sensor 11
xExpression mean flow rate and A
xExpression brightness changing value.Described brightness value (D
x+ A
x) also can utilize subtracter to realize through adder unit ADD() become (D after subtracting each other with pad value
x-DAC)+A
xAnd be shown in (b) among Fig. 2, wherein the size of DAC is determined by described digital signal processor 124.Described amplifier 122 has gain g, then amplifies the brightness value (D of a row pixel of the two-dimensional analog image after decaying with described gain g
x-DAC)+A
xAfter become g * (D
x-DAC)+g * A
xAnd be shown in (c) among Fig. 2, wherein g * A
xSmall echo signal for the brightness variation.The Luminance Distribution of one row pixel of the two-dimensional analog image after at last, described analog/digital unit 123 will decay and amplify is converted to digital value (digitizing) and is sent to described digital signal processor 124 with linear or nonlinear mode.It must be appreciated described brightness value (D
x+ A
x) deduction DAC purpose be to avoid that the excessive situation of brightness value is arranged in follow-up amplification and digitization step; In the comparison diagram 2 (b) with (c) as can be known, the brightness value of a row pixel of two-dimensional analog image is through after amplifying, brightness changing value A
xPeak-to-peak value (peak-and-peak value) obviously increase, help to increase the resolution of image after the digitizing.In addition, the gain of described amplifier 122 can be linear or non-linear.Be understandable that, although this brightness of sentencing a row pixel of two-dimensional analog image illustrate, all pixels of in fact described two-dimensional analog image all utilize this image processing method further to process.
Please refer among Fig. 4 (a) and (b) shown in, (a) among Fig. 4 shows when amplifier 122 or analog/digital unit 123 are linearity, the relation of digital value and aanalogvoltage in the digitizing stage; (b) among Fig. 4 shows when amplifier 122 or analog/digital unit 123 when being non-linear, the relation of digital numerical value and aanalogvoltage in the digitizing stage.(a) in the comparison diagram 4 with (b) as can be known, in non-linear amplification and digitized step, identical aanalogvoltage changes with respect to large digital value and changes, and also can obtain higher resolution.
Please refer to shown in (a) to (c) among Fig. 3, shown another block diagram of the image processing method of the embodiment of the invention.The difference of Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 is, only uses a non-linear simulation/digital units 123 among Fig. 3 and do not use amplifier 122.Similarly, described imageing sensor 11 obtains first the two-dimensional analog image of described surperficial S, shown in (a) among Fig. 3.Follow the brightness value (D of a row pixel of described two-dimensional analog image
x+ A
x) become (D after subtracting each other through adder unit ADD and pad value DAC
x-DAC)+A
xAnd be shown in (b) among Fig. 3.At last, described non-linear simulation/digital units 123 is shown in (c) among Fig. 3 with the two-dimensional analog image that the described imageing sensor 11 of nonlinear mode digitizing is obtained, and is sent to described digital signal processor 124.The present handled image of 124 bases of described digital signal processor determines pad value and the gain that described imageing sensor 11 should be deducted when obtaining next image, and notifies described digital-to-analog unit 121 to produce described pad value.
Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 has shown the process flow diagram of image processing method of the displacement detector of the embodiment of the invention.Described image processing method comprises the following steps: to utilize imageing sensor to obtain the first image, and described the first image has mean flow rate (step 110); Judge whether described mean flow rate converges between first threshold and the Second Threshold (step 120); If not, the change exposure parameter (step 130) and compare described the first image and reference picture with output shift quantity (step 170), then again obtain next image; If described mean flow rate converges between described first and second threshold value, judge then whether described the first image has deducted pad value (step 140), if then execution in step 170, if not, then upgrade described pad value and gain (step 150); The deduction pad value also amplifies described the first image (step 160) after the decay with described gain; And comparison decay and amplify after described the first image and reference picture with output shift quantity (step 170), again obtain at last image with the repetition above-mentioned steps.
Shown in Fig. 1,2,3 and 5, the following describes the detailed embodiment of image processing method of the displacement detector of the embodiment of the invention.At first, utilize described imageing sensor 11 to obtain the first image of described surperficial S, described the first image has mean flow rate (D for example
x), the Luminance Distribution of a row pixel institute sensing of the sensing array of wherein said imageing sensor 11 can be shown in (a) among Fig. 2 (step 110).Follow described graphics processing unit 12 and judge whether described mean flow rate is in (for example in 256 grey-scale range, first threshold can be 64, and Second Threshold can be 128, but is not limited to this) (step 120) between two threshold values.When described mean flow rate is not between two predetermined threshold value, 12 changes of described graphics processing unit exposure parameter, such as the luminous intensity that changes described light source 10 and/or frequency etc. is so that the mean flow rate of next image that described imageing sensor 11 obtains can be between two predetermined threshold value (step 130); Follow described graphics processing unit 12 described the first images of comparison and reference picture in the hope of displacement (step 170), and be sent to described transmission interface unit 125 and transmit, wherein said reference picture for example can be last image of described the first image that described imageing sensor 11 obtains.When described mean flow rate is between two predetermined threshold value, described graphics processing unit 12 judges whether described the first image has deducted pad value (as shown in Figures 2 and 3) (step 140), if deducted pad value, then described graphics processing unit 12 directly with described the first image transitions be digital picture and compare digitizing after the first image and reference picture in the hope of displacement (step 170), and described displacement will transmit by described transmission interface unit 125; If described the first image is not yet deducted pad value, 12 of described graphics processing units are judged present pad value and gain according to described the first image, and upgrade pad value and the gain (step 150) of trying to achieve according to a upper image, wherein said gain can be linear gain or non-linear gain.Then deduct pad value and amplify described the first image (as shown in Figures 2 and 3) (step 160) after the decay with described gain, and utilize the analog/digital unit to carry out image digitazation, wherein said digitized mode can be linear or non-linear; When described analog/digital unit is non-linear simulation/digital units, can omit renewal gain step and step 160 in the step 150.At last, described the first image after the described graphics processing unit 12 comparison digitizings and reference picture are in the hope of displacement (step 170), and transmit by described transmission interface unit 125, wherein said displacement for example can be tried to achieve by the correlativity of comparing described the first image and described reference picture.At last, described imageing sensor 11 obtains new image and repeating step 110 ~ 170 again.
In sum, because the exposal control method of displacement detector commonly used only carries out the exposure control parameter adjustment when mean picture brightness is not in preset range, and can't effectively promote the dynamic process ability of reflecting surface image.The present invention utilizes linear or nonlinear mode further to process image (as shown in Figures 2 and 3) that imageing sensor obtains to increase the peak-to-peak value of brightness of image changing features, has the surface image resolution that increases different reflection strengths and the effect that increases the dynamic process ability of reflecting surface image.
Although the present invention discloses with aforementioned preferred embodiment, it is not that any the ordinary technical staff in the technical field of the invention can make various corrigendums and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention for restriction the present invention.Therefore protection scope of the present invention should be looked appended the scope that claim defines and is as the criterion.
Claims (8)
1. the image processing method of a displacement detector, this displacement detector obtains image according to exposure parameter, and this image processing method comprises the following steps:
Obtain the first image and obtain the mean flow rate of this first image;
More described mean flow rate and first threshold and Second Threshold;
When described mean flow rate is between described first threshold and the Second Threshold and described the first image when having deducted pad value, described the first image and reference picture are compared in the hope of displacement.
2. image processing method according to claim 1, this image processing method also comprises the following steps:
When described mean flow rate is not between described first threshold and the Second Threshold, change the described exposure parameter of described displacement detector; And
Compare described the first image and described reference picture in the hope of displacement.
3. image processing method according to claim 2, wherein said exposure parameter is luminous intensity and/or frequency.
4. image processing method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said reference picture are last image of described the first image of obtaining of described displacement detector.
5. image processing method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said first threshold is that 64 GTGs and described Second Threshold are 128 GTGs.
6. image processing method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein this image processing method also comprises the following steps: described displacement is transferred to image display device.
7. image processing method according to claim 1 wherein before described the first image of comparison and described reference picture, also comprises the following steps: described the first image digitazation.
8. image processing method according to claim 7, wherein said digitized mode are linear or non-linear.
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| CN104281288A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-14 | 原相科技股份有限公司 | Navigational device with adjustable tracking parameter |
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| TW201335802A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-09-01 | Pixart Imaging Inc | Optical navigation device |
| CN111694447A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-22 | 原相科技股份有限公司 | Multimode optical navigation device and method |
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| US6859230B2 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2005-02-22 | Omnivision Technologies, Inc. | Method of fast automatic exposure or gain control in a MOS image sensor |
| JP3783645B2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2006-06-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Contrast adjustment method, contrast adjustment circuit, and video display device using the same |
| JP4781013B2 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2011-09-28 | 富士通セミコンダクター株式会社 | Pixel signal processing apparatus and pixel signal processing method |
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| US20040100565A1 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-05-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and system for generating images used in extended range panorama composition |
| CN2643394Y (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2004-09-22 | 昆盈企业股份有限公司 | Illuminance adjustable optical pointer |
| US20070165925A1 (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2007-07-19 | Medison Co., Ltd. | Image processing system and method of enhancing the quality of an ultrasound image |
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| CN104281288A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-14 | 原相科技股份有限公司 | Navigational device with adjustable tracking parameter |
| CN104281288B (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2017-12-19 | 原相科技股份有限公司 | Guider with adjustable trace parameters |
| CN107885350A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2018-04-06 | 原相科技股份有限公司 | Guider with adjustable trace parameters |
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| CN102854997B (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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