CN102854564B - Four-port optical circulator with symmetric structure - Google Patents
Four-port optical circulator with symmetric structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854564B CN102854564B CN201210334549.5A CN201210334549A CN102854564B CN 102854564 B CN102854564 B CN 102854564B CN 201210334549 A CN201210334549 A CN 201210334549A CN 102854564 B CN102854564 B CN 102854564B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a four-port optical circulator with a symmetric structure. The optical circulator is sequentially provided with a dual optical fiber collimating device, a beam splitting/combining element, a polarization conversion subassembly, a light path transformation subassembly, a polarization conversion subassembly, a beam splitting/combining element and a dual optical fiber collimating device along the axial direction of the whole device, wherein the beam splitting/combining element adopts a parallelogram birefringent crystal structure, and moreover, the left inclined surface and the right inclined surface in the crystal structure are both toward the light transmission direction; the light path conversion subassembly comprises a wedge plate pair and a roof prism, wherein the wedge plate pair is formed by combining two wedge plates which are matched with each other at angles; and the optical axes of the two wedge plates are mutually orthogonal. With the adoption of the four-port optical circulator with the symmetric structure provided by the invention, a symmetric light path can be enabled to be formed in the beam splitting/combining element, and the input and output of the optical circulator can be kept on the axis of the whole equipment, thus, the production and assembly can be conveniently carried out; and benefits are brought to debug the light path and package devices.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photocon technical field, more specifically, relate to a kind of four-port photocirculator with symmetrical structure.
Background technology
Optical circulator is a kind of important optical passive component in optical fiber communication, its typical structure has N(N to be more than or equal to 3) individual port, referring to Fig. 1, when light is by one of them port port one when input for example, light almost milli is port 2 outputs by another one port without loss, and other ports almost do not have light output; And when light is during by port 2 input, light almost milli is exported by port 3 without loss, other ports almost do not have light output, by that analogy, make thus the light signal transmission of can only going in ring along fixing path.Optical circulator is as a kind of nonreciprocal device of multiport input and output, can realize the separation of forward and reverse transmission light, thereby be widely used in the optical communication subsystems such as single fiber bi-directional transmission system, dispersion compensation unit, wavelength blocker, channel equalizer and wavelength-selective switches.
Four-port photocirculator is the extension of three ports, more light signal outgoing route can be provided, yet, still there is following defect or deficiency in existing four-port photocirculator: first, conventionally the birefringece crystal that adopts rectangular structure in current four-port photocirculator is as beam splitting/close bundle element, after light splitting, o light can deviation like this, and e light can be towards the deviation of the optical axis generation certain angle of birefringece crystal self, therefore can not guarantee that the light path of two-beam on optical circulator major axes orientation is symmetrical, the corresponding problem that is difficult to accurate assembling in optical circulator process that causes, secondly, the roof prism that current four-port photocirculator adopts the orthogonal rectangular parallelepiped birefringece crystal structure of two optical axises and is arranged in square crystal both sides comes jointly as light chopper assembly, to realize the object that light path control reaches the transmission of going in ring, but often element is complicated, device cost is high for the optical path changer of this structure, is especially unfavorable for light path debugging and device package.
Summary of the invention
Above defect or technical need for prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of four-port photocirculator with symmetrical structure, it is by improving structure and the set-up mode thereof of the elements such as separation/combination optical element, light chopper assembly, can be so that the input and output of optical circulator all remain on main shaft, and be convenient to produce assembling, be conducive to light path debugging and device package simultaneously.
According to the present invention, a kind of four-port photocirculator with symmetrical structure is provided, this optical circulator is disposed with double-fiber collimator, beam splitting/close bundle element, polarization conversion assembly, light chopper assembly, polarization conversion assembly, beam splitting/close bundle element and double-fiber collimator along the whole axis direction of device, it is characterized in that:
Described beam splitting/close bundle element is the birefringece crystal structure that is trapezoid body, and forms the inclined-plane, left and right of identical angle towards the transmission direction of light with its lower surface respectively in this crystal structure;
Described light chopper assembly is by angle of wedge sheet to jointly forming with roof prism, and wherein said angle of wedge sheet combines matched by angle two angle of wedge sheets, and these two angle of wedge sheets optical axis is separately mutually orthogonal.
As further preferably, described double-fiber collimator can be selected the collimation lens consisting of C-Lens lens.
As further preferably, described double-fiber collimator tail optical fiber is separately respectively as four ports of optical circulator.
As further preferably, for described beam splitting/close bundle element, in its trapezoid body birefringece crystal structure, inclined-plane, left and right and the formed angle of its lower surface are 4 ° ~ 8 °.
As further preferably, described polarization conversion assembly consists of jointly the nonreciprocal spinner of upper and lower two groups 90 °, and the optical rotation plate in its upper and lower two groups of nonreciprocal spinners and λ/2 wave plate that order is set is contrary.
As further preferably, the optic path face that three of described angle of wedge sheet centerings are inclined plane shape is followed successively by respectively 84.8 °, 83 ° and 85.4 ° with respect to the angle of its lower surface.
In general, according to the four-port photocirculator with symmetrical structure of the present invention compared with prior art, mainly possess following technological merit:
1,, by existing four-port photocirculator is carried out to structural adjustment and improvement, can guarantee can form symmetrical light path in beam splitting/close bundle element, and the input and output of optical circulator are all remained on the standby axis of integral installation;
2, by light chopper assembly is carried out to the improvement on structure and set-up mode, can reduce the element of light chopper assembly, reduce assembling complicacy, especially can be convenient to the operation of light path debugging simultaneously, and effectively improve the precision of assembling;
3, in addition, according to four-port photocirculator of the present invention, can also effectively realize the separation of forward and reverse transmission light, and possess cost low, be convenient to processing and manufacturing, and simplify the features such as assembling and encapsulation operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for showing the structural representation of prior art optical circulator working method;
Fig. 2 a is the agent structure side view according to four-port photocirculator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 b is the agent structure vertical view according to four-port photocirculator of the present invention;
Fig. 3 a is the structural representation of beam splitting of the prior art/close bundle element;
Fig. 3 b is according to the structural representation of beam splitting of the present invention/close bundle element;
Fig. 4 a is according to the structural representation of a polarization conversion assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is according to the structural representation of another polarization conversion assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a is to component structure schematic diagram according to the angle of wedge in optical beam transformation assembly of the present invention;
Fig. 5 b is according to the ridged prism structure schematic diagram in optical beam transformation assembly of the present invention;
In institute's drawings attached, identical Reference numeral is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:
101-double-fiber collimator 102-beam splitting/close bundle element 103-polarization conversion assembly 104-optical beam transformation assembly 105-angle of wedge sheet is to 106-roof prism 107-polarization conversion assembly 108-beam splitting/close bundle wave plate 1073-λ/2, wave plate 1071-optical rotation plate 1072-λ/2, wave plate 1032-optical rotation plate 1033-optical rotation plate 1034-λ/2, element 109-double-fiber collimator 1031-λ/2 wave plate 1074-optical rotation plate
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition,, in each embodiment of described the present invention, involved technical characterictic just can not combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.
Fig. 2 a is the agent structure side view according to four-port photocirculator of the present invention, and Fig. 2 b is the agent structure vertical view according to four-port photocirculator of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, axis direction along optical circulator device integral body is disposed with double-fiber collimator 101, beam splitting/close bundle element 102, polarization conversion assembly 103, light chopper assembly 104, polarization conversion assembly 107, beam splitting/close bundle element 108 and double-fiber collimator 109, has formed symmetrical structure thus on whole axis direction.
Double-fiber collimator 101,109 accurately consists of location tail optical fiber and collimation lens, their tail optical fibers are separately respectively as the port of optical circulator, particularly, also be port one and the port 3 that 2 tail optical fibers of double-fiber collimator 101 have formed optical circulator, 2 tail optical fibers of double-fiber collimator 109 have formed port 2 and port 4.The Main Function of double-fiber collimator is the transmission light in optical fiber to be transformed into collimated light, or directional light is carried out high-level efficiency coupling to external world.In a preferred embodiment, double-fiber collimator can be chosen as to for example collimation lens of C-Lens lens, the collimation lens of this model is owing to possessing uniform index distribution, and can be by regulating its end face radius-of-curvature to realize the collimating effect of light beam, therefore effectively replace comparatively expensive at present self-focusing GRIN-Lens lens, corresponding when realizing the accurate alignment function of light path, the whole manufacturing cost of reduction optical circulator.
The effect of beam splitting/close bundle element 102 is according to optical transmission direction, and it is also o light and e light to generate the polarized light of two bundle polarization direction phase quadratures that the light of incident is carried out to beam splitting, or is also in o light and e combiner to light path by two bundle polarized lights of incident.Consider that beam splitting of the prior art/close bundle element is mostly the birefringece crystal structure of positive rectangular parallelepiped, and exist light path with respect to the asymmetric problem of main shaft (specifically referring to Fig. 3 a), correspondingly make to be difficult to accurately to carry out assembling in optical circulator technique manufacture process, be necessary in the case shape and the set-up mode of beam splitting/close bundle element to make improvements and adjust.As shown in concrete in Fig. 3 b, in the present invention can be by beam splitting/close bundle element 102(and symmetrically arranged beam splitting/close bundle element 108) be all arranged to the birefringece crystal structure of trapezoid body, and form the inclined-plane, left and right of identical angle towards the transmission direction of light with its upper surface respectively in this crystal structure, like this when incident light arrives the inclined-plane of crystal structure, can be by the optical axis angulation θ of o light and crystal structure be wherein adjusted, in beam splitting/close bundle element, form symmetrical light path thus, the corresponding optical circulator of avoiding is difficult to the accurately problem of assembling, the I/O port that simultaneously guarantees each beam splitting/close bundle element is all on the axis in single unit system.In other words, in according to the beam splitting of trapezoid body birefringece crystal structure of the present invention/close bundle element, the concrete pitch angle γ on its inclined-plane and incident light and crystal structure optical axis angulation θ have determined the formation of symmetrical light path and the size of the angle δ between this symmetry light path jointly.In a preferred embodiment, the pitch angle on inclined-plane in described trapezoid body crystal specifically can be set to the angular range of 4 ° ~ 8 °, like this when guaranteeing that beam splitting/close bundle element can form symmetrical light path, can also carry out easily adjusting to the incident angle of incident light, be convenient to processing and manufacturing and the assembling in optical circulator simultaneously.
Fig. 4 a and 4b are according to the structural representation of polarization conversion assembly of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 4 a, polarization conversion assembly 103 can consist of jointly the nonreciprocal spinner of upper and lower two groups 90 °, its role is to the two-beam from beam splitting/close bundle element 102 to become the identical light beam in polarization direction, these nonreciprocal spinners form by the faraday rotator of λ/2 wave plate and 45 °, and the optical rotation plate of upper and lower two groups of nonreciprocal spinners and λ/2 wave plate that order is set is contrary, particularly, for example the spinner on top is from left to right λ/2 wave plate 1031, optical rotation plate 1032, and the spinner of bottom is from left to right optical rotation plate 1033, λ/2 wave plate 1034.As shown in Fig. 4 b, polarization conversion assembly 107 can consist of jointly the nonreciprocal spinner of upper and lower two groups 90 ° equally, its role is to the two-beam that mails to beam splitting/close bundle element 108 to become the orthogonal light beam in polarization direction, these nonreciprocal spinners form by the faraday rotator of λ/2 wave plate and 45 °, and the optical rotation plate of upper and lower two groups of nonreciprocal spinners and λ/2 wave plate that order is set is contrary, particularly, for example the spinner on top is from left to right optical rotation plate 1071, λ/2 wave plate 1072, and the spinner of bottom is from left to right λ/2 wave plate 1073, optical rotation plate 1074.Therefore, the main application of polarization conversion assembly is that the polarization direction of incident light is changed, and realizes thus the mutual transfer process between o light and e light.
The effect of light chopper assembly in optical circulator is the control that realizes light path, to reach the object of light path from a port to the belt transmission of another one port.Yet, the roof prism that light chopper assembly of the prior art generally includes the orthogonal rectangular crystal structure of two optical axises and is separately positioned on these rectangular crystal both sides forms jointly, light chopper assembly for this structure, light beam first can be through the roof prism in left side, then enter into rectangular crystal, finally by the roof prism by right side, penetrate, in this process, be to design and adjust by the ridge face angle to two roof prisms self, the beam angle of two double-fiber collimators is mated mutually.Yet, owing to having adopted two roof prisms and rectangular crystal to be used as light chopper assembly, can cause on the one hand element complexity and cost to increase; On the other hand in light path debug process, light beam easily incides on the connecting line between two ridge faces of each roof prism, make thus light beam cannot carry out correct light path deviation, and be obviously visiblely, two roof prisms exact matching each other, concerning commissioning staff, proposed higher operation requirements, be difficult to guarantee adjustment accuracy and can reduce production efficiency.Therefore, be necessary light chopper modular construction of the prior art and set-up mode thereof to improve.In the present invention, can save a roof prism, corresponding rectangular crystal is replaced to and is the right birefringece crystal structure of angle of wedge sheet, wherein this angle of wedge sheet for example completes bonding assembling by the mode of gummed to 105 angle of wedge sheets (Wedge) that mutually mated by two angles (or the face mutually combining), and these two angle of wedge sheets optical axis is separately mutually orthogonal.Particularly, each angle of wedge sheet is irregular hexahedron crystal structure, in this hexahedron crystal structure except two lateral surfaces for optic path (being left and right side at Fig. 5 a) and inner cemented surface thereof, in all the other four faces mutually opposed parallel to each other, then can be by the mode of gummed, the side matching between two angle of wedge sheets is bondd, and integrant angle of wedge sheet is to element thus.Correspondingly, by the angle of inclination that this three of angle of wedge sheet centering is to the optic path face of inclined plane shape, design and adjust, can carry out smoothly light chopper process thus, and realize light transmission to another one port by a port.In a preferred embodiment, the optic path face that this three of angle of wedge sheet centering can be to inclined plane shape is set to respectively 84.8 °, 83 ° and 85.4 ° successively with respect to the angle of lower surface, through more test and practice, show, the angle of wedge sheet of this concrete structure, to realizing preferably light path control, guarantees the smooth transmission of light between port.
For the light chopper assembly of conceiving above according to the present invention, for example, when optical signals port one transfers to port 2, first light beam incides the optic path side of angle of wedge sheet to an angle of wedge sheet of 105, then through the optic path side with its another one angle of wedge sheet gluing together mutually, finally by being penetrated by roof prism 106, complete thus light path control process.Correspondingly, in the optical path changer identical function that can realize with existing structure, according to light chopper assembly of the present invention, can further guarantee the symmetry of light path on the one hand, and reduce the composition device of optical path changer, reduce assembling complicacy; On the other hand, owing to only needing that a roof prism is carried out to light path debugging and encapsulation thereof, when reducing operation steps, can also effectively improve the precision of assembling like this.
Below, will specifically describe according to the course of work of four-port photocirculator of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2 a, from side-looking direction, when light is inputted by port one, first can carry out accurately collimation by double-fiber collimator 101, then input to beam splitting/close bundle element 102 and be divided into thus the orthogonal o light in polarization direction and e light.Then, o light wherein down passes through polarization conversion assembly 103 after deviation, and its polarization direction is constant; And e light up after deviation by polarization conversion assembly 103, and 90 ° of its change of polarized direction become o light thus.Then, as shown in Fig. 2 b, from overlooking direction, incident light is deviation incide angle of wedge sheet to 105 left side angle of wedge sheet up, and owing to being all that o light so polarization direction are constant; And when incident light arrives angle of wedge sheet to 105 right side angle of wedge sheet, because the changes of 90 degree occur optical axis, become thus e light and deviation direction down, then by again passing through polarization conversion assembly 107 after roof prism 106.Now as shown in Figure 2 a, two bundle polarization direction identical light become as the mutually orthogonal two-beam of polarization, then continue by beam splitting/close bundle element 108, finally by crossing double-fiber collimator 109 and being exported by port 2.
When light is during by port 2 input, as shown in Figure 2 a, from side-looking direction, first can carry out accurately collimation by double-fiber collimator 109, then input to beam splitting/close bundle element 108 and be divided into thus the orthogonal o light in polarization direction and e light.Then, o light wherein down passes through polarization conversion assembly 107 after deviation, and its polarization direction is constant; And e light up after deviation by polarization conversion assembly 107, and 90 ° of its change of polarized direction become o light thus.Then, as shown in Fig. 2 b, from overlooking direction, incident light is deviation incide roof prism 106 and become thus substantially parallel light beam up, then arrives angle of wedge sheet to 105 right side angle of wedge sheet, and this two-beam is owing to being all that o light so polarization direction are constant; And when arriving angle of wedge sheet to 105 left side angle of wedge sheet, because the changes of 90 degree occur optical axis, become thus e light and deviation direction and down and again pass through polarization conversion assembly 103.Now as shown in Figure 2 a, two bundle polarization direction identical light become as the mutually orthogonal two-beam of polarization, continue by beam splitting/close bundle element 102, finally by crossing double-fiber collimator 101 and being exported by port 3.
When light is during by port 3 input, equally as shown in Figure 2 a, from side-looking direction, first can carry out accurately collimation by double-fiber collimator 101, then input to beam splitting/close bundle element 102 and be divided into thus the orthogonal o light in polarization direction and e light.Then, o light wherein down passes through polarization conversion assembly 103 after deviation, and its polarization direction is constant; And e light up after deviation by polarization conversion assembly 103, and 90 ° of its change of polarized direction become o light thus.Then, as shown in Fig. 2 b, from overlooking direction, incident light is deviation incide angle of wedge sheet to 105 left side angle of wedge sheet up, and owing to being all that o light so polarization direction are constant; And when incident light arrives angle of wedge sheet to 105 right side angle of wedge sheet, because the changes of 90 degree occur optical axis, become thus e light and deviation direction down, then by again passing through polarization conversion assembly 107 after roof prism 106.Now as shown in Figure 2 a, two bundle polarization direction identical light become as the mutually orthogonal two-beam of polarization, then continue by beam splitting/close bundle element 108, finally by crossing double-fiber collimator 109 and being exported by port 4.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a four-port photocirculator with symmetrical structure, this optical circulator is disposed with double-fiber collimator (101), beam splitting/close bundle element (102), polarization conversion assembly (103), light chopper assembly, polarization conversion assembly (107), beam splitting/close bundle element (108) and double-fiber collimator (109) along the whole axis direction of device, it is characterized in that:
Described beam splitting/close and restraint element (102,108) for being the birefringece crystal structure of trapezoid body, and in this crystal structure, form the inclined-plane, left and right of identical angle towards the transmission direction of light respectively with its lower surface, wherein inclined-plane, left and right and the formed angle of its lower surface are respectively 4 °～8 °;
Described light chopper assembly consists of (105) and single roof prism (106) jointly angle of wedge sheet, and two angle of wedge sheet gummeds that wherein said angle of wedge sheet is matched by angle to (105) form, and these two angle of wedge sheets optical axis is separately mutually orthogonal; Each angle of wedge sheet is the irregular hexahedron crystal structure of angle, in this hexahedron crystal structure except two lateral surfaces for optic path and inner cemented surface thereof, in all the other four faces mutually opposed parallel to each other, then by gummed mode, the side matching between two angle of wedge sheets is bondd, thus integrant angle of wedge sheet pair; In addition, described angle of wedge sheet is followed successively by respectively 84.8 °, 83 ° and 85.4 ° to three optic path faces that are inclined plane shape in (105) with respect to the angle of its lower surface.
2. four-port photocirculator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described double-fiber collimator (101,109) is the collimation lens that consists of C-Lens lens, and their tail optical fibers are separately respectively as four ports of optical circulator.
3. four-port photocirculator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described polarization conversion assembly (103,107) consists of jointly the nonreciprocal spinner of upper and lower two groups 90 °, and the optical rotation plate in its upper and lower two groups of nonreciprocal spinners and λ/2 wave plate that order is set is contrary.
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| CN103424893B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-11-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Optical polarization converter and preparation method thereof |
| CN105807372A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Array optical circulator |
| CN105182473B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-11-09 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of wavelength selective optical disabler |
| JP6729036B2 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2020-07-22 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Optical fiber manufacturing method |
| CN113267851A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-08-17 | 讯芸电子科技(中山)有限公司 | Optical communication module |
| CN112235050B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-03-11 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Single-optical-fiber bidirectional transmitting-receiving device and optical fiber communication system |
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| CN2450679Y (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2001-09-26 | 福建华科光电有限公司 | Optical structure |
| US6751366B2 (en) * | 2002-02-12 | 2004-06-15 | Oplink Communications, Inc. | Multi-port circulator |
| CN1164965C (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2004-09-01 | 武汉光迅科技有限责任公司 | Four-port photocirculator |
| CN202025159U (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-11-02 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Optical circulator with compact structure |
| CN102590952B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-05-22 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-channel dynamic optical dispersion compensator |
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