CN102854120B - Method and apparatus used for testing proton exchange membrane tetravalent vanadium ion penetration rate - Google Patents
Method and apparatus used for testing proton exchange membrane tetravalent vanadium ion penetration rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854120B CN102854120B CN201210330947.XA CN201210330947A CN102854120B CN 102854120 B CN102854120 B CN 102854120B CN 201210330947 A CN201210330947 A CN 201210330947A CN 102854120 B CN102854120 B CN 102854120B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of vanadium battery, and specifically relates to a method and an apparatus used for testing vanadium-battery-use proton exchange membrane vanadium (IV) ion penetration rate. According to the invention, testing is carried out in a manner that an access liquid direction is perpendicular to a separation membrane liquid flow. The test is carried out by using two semi-tanks. A vanadium IV ion solution is in a right semi-tank, and an MgSO4 solution is in a left semi-tank. The two semi-tanks are separated by using the separation membrane requiring testing. Under the effect of an external pump, solutions in the two semi-tanks respectively flow in from fluid flow frame front-side liquid inlets and perpendicular to the separation membrane; and the solutions then flow out through liquid outlets on two sides of the liquid inlets and perpendicular to the separation membrane. Circular flowing is carried out, and vanadium ion IV concentration in the left semi-tank is measured by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The testing apparatus mainly comprises the components of: the separation membrane, a left fluid flow frame, a left clamping plate, a left fluid flow frame liquid outlet, a left fluid flow frame liquid inlet, a right fluid flow frame, a right clamping plate, a right fluid flow frame liquid outlet, and a right fluid flow frame liquid inlet. With the apparatus and the method provided by the invention, vanadium (IV) ion penetration rate can be accurately tested. The apparatus has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, convenient assembly and disassembly, and good sealing performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vanadium battery field, be specially method of testing and the device of a kind of vanadium cell PEM vanadium (IV) used ion permeability.
Background technology
New forms of energy such as exploitation wind energy, sun power etc. are the important channels solving energy resources shortage, represent the direction of energy future development.But be limited by time and region dependence, off-grid wind energy, solar electrical energy generation must use accumulator system, otherwise be difficult to round-the-clock utilization; And direct grid-connected also must adopt accumulator system to carry out peak regulation and frequency modulation to electrical network, otherwise larger impact can be brought to grid power and frequency.Therefore, efficient, large-scale energy storage technologies just becomes the key core of its development and application.
Vanadium cell (vanadium oxide reduction flow battery/Vanadium redox flow battery) is based on VO
2+/ VO
2 +with V
2+/ V
3+the liquid flow energy storage battery technology that electricity is right, stored energy is in electrolytic solution.Compared with traditional accumulator, vanadium cell can big current fast charging and discharging, self-discharge rate low, realizing the massive store of energy, is meet intelligent grid and wind energy, solar electrical energy generation to the desirable stored energy form of extensive energy storage demand.The vanadium resource advantage of China's abundant is also for development vanadium cell energy storage technology provides condition.
Vanadium cell investigation and application at home and abroad has achieved significant progress and development, and a collection of demonstration project has also been set up and stable operation, shows good application prospect.
Barrier film (PEM) is one of the critical material and significant components of vanadium cell, is the conductive transmission channels of electrolyte ion, plays again the effect of separating both positive and negative polarity, preventing battery short circuit.Therefore, barrier film decides the coulombic efficiency of vanadium cell, energy efficiency and cycle life to a great extent.A kind of good PEM should possess good chemical stability, resistance to electrochemistry oxygen voltinism, the low and low vanadium ion perviousness of low cost.
Wherein, vanadium ion perviousness evaluates one of key factor of membrane properties, because the vanadium ion phase counterdiffusion of different valence state in positive and negative half-cell electrolytes in all-vanadium flow battery, the self discharge caused by cross pollution is the main cause of energy content of battery loss.Be the necessary factor of assessment battery comprehensive electrochemical, it directly affects current efficiency and the energy efficiency of battery.But at present mostly be to adopt static to the infiltrative test of vanadium ion or stir the solution of the left and right sides with magnetic apparatus, although magnetic apparatus stirs relative to quiescent processes, film both sides ion diffuse polarization layer thickness reduces to some extent, but the thickness of film liquid interface retention layer is still very large.Therefore, to reduce or eliminate film both sides ion diffuse polarization layer greatly, provide the accurately infiltrative method of test vanadium ion in amberplex to be very important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to there is the phenomenon of thickness compared with heavy ion diffusion polarization layer for film both sides in the test process occurred in above-mentioned measuring method, provide method of testing and the device of a kind of vanadium cell PEM vanadium (IV) used ion permeability, the method have structure simple, easy to operate, can reduce or eliminate film both sides ion diffuse polarization layer greatly, reduce error, improve measuring accuracy, and Measurement accuracy vanadium (IV) ion permeability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A method of testing for PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, adopts the vertical barrier film flow regime in liquid in-out direction to test, and test employing two and half pond is carried out: being vanadium IV solion in right half pond, is MgSO in Zuo Banchi
4solution, centre separates with barrier film to be measured, solution in two and half ponds is respectively under the effect of external pump, flow into from the front inlet of flow liquid frame perpendicular to barrier film respectively, flow out from the vertical barrier film of the liquid outlet of inlet both sides respectively again, circulate, utilize ultraviolet spectrophotometer to survey the concentration of vanadium ion IV in left half pond.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, in right half pond, the initial concentration of vanadium IV ion is 1.5mol/LVOSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, in Zuo Banchi, initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, according to stable state principle, in Zuo Banchi, the variation relation formula of the concentration of vanadium ion t is in time as follows:
Wherein, V represent left and right half pond fill the initial volume of solution; A and L refers to useful area and the thickness of barrier film respectively; P refers to the permeability of vanadium IV ion; C
rrefer to the initial concentration of vanadium ion in right half pond; C
lrefer to the concentration of vanadium IV ion in left half pond; By described relational expression, determine vanadium IV ion permeability.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, adopts the clip that can screw on sebific duct, by screwing degree regulation and control different in flow rate, and carrying out the demarcation of flow, making the flow in half pond, left and right consistent.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, the liquid inventory in two and half ponds is demarcated as 240ml/min.
A kind of proving installation of the PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability for described method of testing, this proving installation mainly comprises: barrier film, left liquid flow frame, left clamping plate, left liquid flow frame liquid outlet, left liquid flow frame inlet, right flow liquid frame, right clamping plate, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet, right flow liquid frame inlet, the both sides of barrier film arrange left flow liquid frame respectively, right flow liquid frame, the left liquid flow frame liquid outlet that the arranged outside of left flow liquid frame is vertical with barrier film, left liquid flow frame inlet, the right flow liquid frame liquid outlet that the arranged outside of right flow liquid frame is vertical with barrier film, right flow liquid frame inlet, the left clamping plate of arranged outside of left flow liquid frame, the right clamping plate of arranged outside of right flow liquid frame.
The proving installation of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, the both sides of left liquid flow frame inlet arrange left liquid flow frame liquid outlet respectively, and the both sides of right flow liquid frame inlet arrange right flow liquid frame liquid outlet respectively.
The proving installation of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, left flow liquid frame and right flow liquid frame opposite face are respectively equipped with opening: left flow liquid frame opening, right flow liquid frame opening, barrier film two sides is placed with rubber cushion respectively: left rubber cushion, right rubber cushion, separated by barrier film and rubber cushion between left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame, opening between left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame is separated by barrier film, and barrier film, left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame are by left clamping plate and the clamping of right clamping plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention is tested by the vertical barrier film flow regime in liquid in-out direction, adopts two and half ponds to carry out, right half pond vanadium (IV) ion initial concentration 1.5mol/LVOSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml; In Zuo Banchi, initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml; Centre separates with barrier film to be measured.Solution in two and half ponds, respectively under the effect of external pump, circulates.The clip that employing can screw, on sebific duct, after running certain hour, utilizes ultraviolet spectrophotometer to survey the concentration of vanadium ion (IV) in left half pond, can determine barrier film vanadium (IV) ion permeability further.According to method provided by the invention, reduce error, improve measuring accuracy, can test vanadium (IV) ion permeability accurately, and structure is simple, be easy to processing, easy accessibility, good airproof performance.
2, the present invention adopts the vertical barrier film flow regime in liquid in-out direction to test, and flows into from the vertical barrier film of the front inlet opening of measuring cell flow liquid frame, then flows out from the vertical barrier film of the hole for back flow of inlet opening both sides.Its objective is and solution is fully flowed, solution is not stopped in film both sides, can reduce or eliminate film both sides ion diffuse polarization layer greatly like this.
3, adopt the clip that can screw in the present invention on sebific duct, by screwing degree regulation and control different in flow rate, and carry out the demarcation of flow, make the flow in half pond, left and right close to consistent, balance pressure at both sides, reduces test error.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is vanadium ion permeability and time curve.
Fig. 2 is the proving installation schematic diagram of the vertical barrier film vanadium ion permeability in liquid in-out direction of the present invention.
In figure, 1-barrier film; The left liquid flow frame of 2-; The left clamping plate of 3-; The left liquid flow frame liquid outlet of 4-; The left liquid flow frame inlet of 5-; 6-left flow liquid frame opening; The left rubber cushion of 7-; The right flow liquid frame of 8-; The right clamping plate of 9-; 10-right flow liquid frame liquid outlet; 11-right flow liquid frame inlet; 12-right flow liquid frame opening; The right rubber cushion of 13-.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, the present invention is illustrated further.
As shown in Figure 2, the proving installation of vanadium cell of the present invention PEM vanadium (IV) used ion permeability mainly comprises: barrier film 1, left liquid flow frame 2, left clamping plate 3, left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4, left liquid flow frame inlet 5, left flow liquid frame opening 6, left rubber cushion 7, right flow liquid frame 8, right clamping plate 9, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10, right flow liquid frame inlet 11, right flow liquid frame opening 12, right rubber cushion 13 etc., the both sides of barrier film 1 arrange left flow liquid frame 2 respectively, right flow liquid frame 8, the outside (front) of left flow liquid frame 2 arranges the left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4 vertical with barrier film 1, left liquid flow frame inlet 5, the outside (front) of right flow liquid frame 8 arranges the right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10 vertical with barrier film 1, right flow liquid frame inlet 11, the left clamping plate 3 of arranged outside of left flow liquid frame 2, the right clamping plate 9 of arranged outside of right flow liquid frame 8.
The both sides of left liquid flow frame inlet 5 arrange left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4 respectively, and the both sides of right flow liquid frame inlet 11 arrange right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10 respectively.
Left flow liquid frame 2 and right flow liquid frame 8 opposite face are respectively equipped with opening: left flow liquid frame opening 6, right flow liquid frame opening 12, barrier film 1 two sides is placed with rubber cushion respectively: left rubber cushion 7, right rubber cushion 13, separated by barrier film 1 and rubber cushion between left flow liquid frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8, opening between left flow liquid frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8 is separated by barrier film 1, and barrier film 1, left flow liquid frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8 are clamped by left clamping plate 3 and right clamping plate 9.
Method of testing of the present invention is:
Cutting length is d, and width is D, and thickness is L, and useful area is the barrier film 1 of A, cutting rubber cushion dimensions length is d, and width is D, and useful area is A, barrier film 1 two sides is with on rubber cushion pad, and entirety is placed between left flow liquid frame 2 and right flow liquid frame 8, and clamps with left clamping plate 3 and right clamping plate 9.In right half pond, the initial concentration of vanadium (IV) ion is 1.5mol/LVOSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is that in 150ml, Zuo Banchi, initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml, and centre separates with barrier film to be measured, the useful area A of barrier film 1.Solution in two and half ponds is respectively under the effect of external pump, flow into from the front inlet (left liquid flow frame inlet 5, right flow liquid frame inlet 11) of flow liquid frame (left liquid flow frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8) perpendicular to barrier film 1 respectively, flow out from the vertical barrier film of the liquid outlet (left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10) of inlet both sides respectively again, circulate.The clip that employing can screw, on sebific duct, by screwing degree regulation and control different in flow rate, and carries out the demarcation of flow, and make the flow in half pond, left and right consistent or close consistent, equalized pressure, reduces test error.After running certain hour, ultraviolet spectrophotometer is utilized to survey the concentration of vanadium ion (IV) in left half pond.According to stable state principle, in Zuo Banchi, the variation relation formula of the concentration of vanadium ion t is in time as follows:
Wherein, V represent left and right half pond fill the initial volume of solution; A and L refers to useful area and the thickness of barrier film respectively; P refers to the permeability of vanadium (IV) ion; C
rrefer to the initial concentration of vanadium ion in right half pond; C
lrefer to the concentration of vanadium (IV) ion in left half pond.
Citing: for the permeability of barrier film test vanadium (IV) ion, concrete method of testing:
Cutting length is 70mm, width is 90mm, thickness is 9mm, useful area is the barrier film 1 of 40mm × 50mm, and cutting dimensions length is 70mm, and width is 90mm, middle cutting useful area is the rubber cushion of 40mm × 50mm opening, barrier film 1 two sides is with on rubber cushion pad, and entirety is placed between left flow liquid frame 2, right flow liquid frame 3, and clamps with left clamping plate 3 and right clamping plate 9.
Adopt the vertical barrier film flow regime in liquid in-out direction to test, test employing two and half pond is carried out.In right half pond (right flow liquid frame), the initial concentration of vanadium (IV) ion is 1.5mol/LVOSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml.In Zuo Banchi (left flow liquid frame), initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml.Centre separates with barrier film to be measured, the useful area A of barrier film 1.Solution in two and half ponds is respectively under the effect of external pump, flow into from the front inlet (left liquid flow frame inlet 5, right flow liquid frame inlet 11) of flow liquid frame (left liquid flow frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8) perpendicular to barrier film 1 respectively, flow out from the vertical barrier film of the liquid outlet (left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10) of inlet both sides respectively again, circulate.The clip that employing can screw is on sebific duct, by screwing degree regulation and control different in flow rate, and carrying out the demarcation of flow 240ml/min, making the flow in half pond, left and right consistent or close consistent, after running certain hour, ultraviolet spectrophotometer is utilized to survey the concentration of vanadium ion (IV) in left half pond.
In the present embodiment, F=150ml, A=40mm × 50mm=20cm
2, L=9mm=0.9cm, C
r=1.5mol/L=0.0015mol/ml; According to stable state principle, in Zuo Banchi, the variation relation formula of the concentration of vanadium ion t is in time as follows:
Find out from the result of Fig. 1, adopt liquid in-out direction vertical barrier film flow regime, at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 at present little, the permeability P of vanadium (IV) ion was respectively: 2.7 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 3.1 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 3.7 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 4.4 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min;
Adopt magnetic agitation mode, at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 at present little, the permeability P of vanadium (IV) ion was respectively: 3.8 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 4.2 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 4.8 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 5.5 × 10
-7/ cm
2/ min;
When identical operationally, adopt the permeability P of liquid in-out direction vertical barrier film flow regime vanadium (IV) ion lower than employing magnetic agitation mode.
Claims (2)
1. a method of testing for PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, is characterized in that, adopts the vertical barrier film flow regime in liquid in-out direction to test, and test employing two and half pond is carried out: being vanadium IV solion in right half pond, is MgSO in Zuo Banchi
4solution, centre separates with barrier film to be measured, solution in two and half ponds is respectively under the effect of external pump, flow into from the front inlet of flow liquid frame perpendicular to barrier film respectively, flow out from the vertical barrier film of the liquid outlet of inlet both sides respectively again, circulate, utilize ultraviolet spectrophotometer to survey the concentration of vanadium ion IV in left half pond;
In right half pond, the initial concentration of vanadium IV ion is 1.5mol/LVOSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml;
In Zuo Banchi, initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2sO
4, volume is 150ml;
The clip that employing can screw is on sebific duct, and by screwing degree regulation and control different in flow rate, and carry out the demarcation of flow, make the flow in half pond, left and right consistent, the liquid inventory in two and half ponds is demarcated as 240ml/min;
According to stable state principle, in Zuo Banchi, the variation relation formula of the concentration of vanadium ion t is in time as follows:
Wherein, V represent left and right half pond fill the initial volume of solution; A and L refers to useful area and the thickness of barrier film respectively; P refers to the permeability of vanadium IV ion; C
rrefer to the initial concentration of vanadium ion in right half pond; C
lrefer to the concentration of vanadium IV ion in left half pond; By described relational expression, determine vanadium IV ion permeability.
2. the proving installation for the PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability of method of testing described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this proving installation mainly comprises: barrier film, left liquid flow frame, left clamping plate, left liquid flow frame liquid outlet, left liquid flow frame inlet, right flow liquid frame, right clamping plate, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet, right flow liquid frame inlet, the both sides of barrier film arrange left flow liquid frame respectively, right flow liquid frame, the left liquid flow frame liquid outlet that the arranged outside of left flow liquid frame is vertical with barrier film, left liquid flow frame inlet, the right flow liquid frame liquid outlet that the arranged outside of right flow liquid frame is vertical with barrier film, right flow liquid frame inlet, the left clamping plate of arranged outside of left flow liquid frame, the right clamping plate of arranged outside of right flow liquid frame,
The both sides of left liquid flow frame inlet arrange left liquid flow frame liquid outlet respectively, and the both sides of right flow liquid frame inlet arrange right flow liquid frame liquid outlet respectively;
Left flow liquid frame and right flow liquid frame opposite face are respectively equipped with opening: left flow liquid frame opening, right flow liquid frame opening, barrier film two sides is placed with rubber cushion respectively: left rubber cushion, right rubber cushion, separated by barrier film and rubber cushion between left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame, opening between left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame is separated by barrier film, and barrier film, left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame are by left clamping plate and the clamping of right clamping plate.
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| CN103335929A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-02 | 厦门大学 | Detection method of porous diaphragm of lithium ion battery |
| CN104122188B (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-10-05 | 南通联亚药业有限公司 | A kind of film permeation rate determinator and detection method thereof |
| CN108091914B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2023-11-03 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Method for slowing down capacity fade of all-vanadium redox flow battery and ion permeability testing device |
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