A kind of method of testing and device of PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vanadium cell field, be specially method of testing and the device of the used PEM vanadium of a kind of vanadium cell (IV) ion permeability.
Background technology
The new forms of energy such as exploitation wind energy, sun power are the important channels that solves the energy resources shortage, are representing the direction of energy future development.But be limited by time and region dependence, off-grid wind energy, solar electrical energy generation must use accumulator system, otherwise are difficult to round-the-clock utilization; And direct grid-connected also must adopt accumulator system that electrical network is carried out peak regulation and frequency modulation, otherwise can bring larger impact to grid power and frequency.Therefore, efficient, large-scale energy storage technologies just becomes the key core of its development and application.
Vanadium cell (vanadium oxide reduction flow battery/Vanadium redox flow battery) is based on VO
2+/ VO
2 +With V
2+/ V
3+The liquid flow energy storage battery technology that electricity is right, stored energy is in electrolytic solution.Compare with traditional accumulator, vanadium cell greatly electric current fast charging and discharging, self-discharge rate is low, realizes the large capacity storage of energy, is to satisfy intelligent grid and wind energy, solar electrical energy generation to the desirable energy storage form of extensive energy storage demand.The vanadium resource advantage of China's abundant also provides condition for development vanadium cell energy storage technology.
Vanadium cell research and application at home and abroad obtained significant progress and development, and a collection of demonstration project has also been set up and stable operation, has shown good application prospect.
Barrier film (PEM) is one of the critical material of vanadium cell and significant components, is the conductive transmission channels of electrolyte ion, plays again the effect of separating both positive and negative polarity, preventing battery short circuit.Therefore, barrier film is determining coulombic efficiency, energy efficiency and the cycle life of vanadium cell to a great extent.A kind of good PEM should possess good chemical stability, anti-electrochemistry oxygen voltinism, low-cost low and low vanadium ion perviousness.
Wherein, the vanadium ion perviousness is one of key factor of estimating membrane properties, because the vanadium ion phase counterdiffusion of different valence state in the positive and negative half cell electrolytic solution in the all-vanadium flow battery, the caused self discharge of cross pollution is the main cause of energy content of battery loss.Be the necessary factor of assessment battery comprehensive electrochemical, it directly affects current efficiency and the energy efficiency of battery.But mostly infiltrative test is to adopt static or stirs the solution of the left and right sides with magnetic apparatus to vanadium ion at present, although magnetic apparatus stirs with respect to quiescent processes, film both sides ion diffusion polarization layer thickness reduces to some extent, but the thickness of film liquid interface retention layer is still very large.Therefore, reduce greatly or eliminate film both sides ion diffusion polarization layer, provide the infiltrative method of accurate test vanadium ion in amberplex to be very important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to exist thickness than the phenomenon of heavy ion diffusion polarization layer for film both sides in the test process that occurs in the above-mentioned measuring method, method of testing and the device of the used PEM vanadium of a kind of vanadium cell (IV) ion permeability are provided, that the method has is simple in structure, easy to operate, can reduce greatly or eliminate film both sides ion diffusion polarization layer, reduce error, improve measuring accuracy, and Measurement accuracy vanadium (IV) ion permeability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of testing of PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability adopts liquid in-out perpendicular direction barrier film liquid stream mode to test, and test adopts two and half ponds to carry out: for vanadium IV solion, be MgSO among the Zuo Banchi in right half pond
4Solution, the centre separates with barrier film to be measured, solution in two and half ponds is respectively under the effect of external pump, front inlet from the flow liquid frame flows into perpendicular to barrier film respectively, flow out from the vertical barrier film of the liquid outlet of inlet both sides respectively again, circulate, utilize ultraviolet spectrophotometer to survey the concentration of vanadium ion IV in left half pond.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, the initial concentration of vanadium IV ion is 1.5mol/LVOSO in right half pond
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO among the Zuo Banchi
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, according to the stable state principle, the variation relation formula of t is as follows in time for the concentration of vanadium ion among the Zuo Banchi:
Wherein, V represents the initial volume of left and right half solution that the pond fills; A and L refer to respectively useful area and the thickness of barrier film; P refers to the permeability of vanadium IV ion; C
RThe initial concentration that refers to vanadium ion in right half pond; C
LThe concentration that refers to vanadium IV ion in left half pond; By described relational expression, determine vanadium IV ion permeability.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, the clip that employing can screw are regulated and control different in flow rate by screwing degree, and are carried out the demarcation of flow on sebific duct, and the flow in half pond is consistent about making.
The method of testing of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, the liquid inventory in two and half ponds are demarcated and are 240ml/min.
A kind of proving installation of the PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability for described method of testing, this proving installation mainly comprises: barrier film, left liquid flow frame, left clamping plate, left liquid flow frame liquid outlet, left liquid flow frame inlet, right flow liquid frame, right clamping plate, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet, right flow liquid frame inlet, the both sides of barrier film arrange respectively left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame, the left liquid flow frame liquid outlet that the arranged outside of left flow liquid frame is vertical with barrier film, left liquid flow frame inlet, the right flow liquid frame liquid outlet that the arranged outside of right flow liquid frame is vertical with barrier film, right flow liquid frame inlet, the left clamping plate of the arranged outside of left flow liquid frame, the right clamping plate of the arranged outside of right flow liquid frame.
The proving installation of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, the both sides of left liquid flow frame inlet arrange respectively left liquid flow frame liquid outlet, and the both sides of right flow liquid frame inlet arrange respectively right flow liquid frame liquid outlet.
The proving installation of described PEM vanadium tetravalent vanadium ion permeability, be respectively equipped with opening on left flow liquid frame and the right flow liquid frame opposite face: left flow liquid frame opening, right flow liquid frame opening, the barrier film two sides is placed with respectively rubber cushion: left rubber cushion, right rubber cushion, separate by barrier film and rubber cushion between left flow liquid frame, the right flow liquid frame, opening between left flow liquid frame, the right flow liquid frame separates by barrier film, and barrier film, left flow liquid frame, right flow liquid frame clamp by left clamping plate and right clamping plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention tests by liquid in-out perpendicular direction barrier film liquid stream mode, adopts two and half ponds to carry out right half pond vanadium (IV) ion initial concentration 1.5mol/LVOSO
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml; Initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO among the Zuo Banchi
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml; The centre separates with barrier film to be measured.Solution in two and half ponds under the effect of external pump, circulates respectively.The clip that employing can screw behind the operation certain hour, utilizes ultraviolet spectrophotometer to survey the concentration of vanadium ion (IV) in left half pond on sebific duct, further can determine barrier film vanadium (IV) ion permeability.According to method provided by the invention, reduce error, improve measuring accuracy, can test vanadium (IV) ion permeability accurately, and simple in structure, be easy to processing, easy accessibility, good airproof performance.
2, the present invention adopts liquid in-out perpendicular direction barrier film liquid stream mode to test, and from the vertical barrier film inflow of front inlet opening of measuring cell flow liquid frame, the vertical barrier film of hole for back flow from the inlet opening both sides flows out again.Its objective is that to make solution fully mobile, solution is not stopped in the film both sides, can reduce greatly or eliminate film both sides ion diffusion polarization layer like this.
3, the clip that employing can screw among the present invention is regulated and control different in flow rate by screwing degree, and is carried out the demarcation of flow on sebific duct, and the flow in half pond approaches unanimously about making, and the balance pressure at both sides reduces test error.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is vanadium ion permeability and time curve.
Fig. 2 is the proving installation schematic diagram of liquid in-out perpendicular direction barrier film vanadium ion permeability of the present invention.
Among the figure, the 1-barrier film; The left liquid flow frame of 2-; The left clamping plate of 3-; The left liquid flow frame liquid outlet of 4-; The left liquid flow frame inlet of 5-; The left flow liquid frame of 6-opening; The left rubber cushion of 7-; The right flow liquid frame of 8-; The right clamping plate of 9-; The right flow liquid frame of 10-liquid outlet; The right flow liquid frame of 11-inlet; The right flow liquid frame of 12-opening; The right rubber cushion of 13-.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples the present invention further is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 2, the proving installation of the used PEM vanadium of vanadium cell of the present invention (IV) ion permeability mainly comprises: barrier film 1, left liquid flow frame 2, left clamping plate 3, left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4, left liquid flow frame inlet 5, left flow liquid frame opening 6, left rubber cushion 7, right flow liquid frame 8, right clamping plate 9, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10, right flow liquid frame inlet 11, right flow liquid frame opening 12, right rubber cushion 13 etc., the both sides of barrier film 1 arrange respectively left flow liquid frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8, the outside of left flow liquid frame 2 (front) arranges the left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4 vertical with barrier film 1, left liquid flow frame inlet 5, the outside of right flow liquid frame 8 (front) arranges the right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10 vertical with barrier film 1, right flow liquid frame inlet 11, the left clamping plate 3 of the arranged outside of left flow liquid frame 2, the right clamping plate 9 of the arranged outside of right flow liquid frame 8.
The both sides of left liquid flow frame inlet 5 arrange respectively left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4, and the both sides of right flow liquid frame inlet 11 arrange respectively right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10.
Be respectively equipped with opening on left flow liquid frame 2 and right flow liquid frame 8 opposite faces: left flow liquid frame opening 6, right flow liquid frame opening 12, barrier film 1 two sides is placed with respectively rubber cushion: left rubber cushion 7, right rubber cushion 13, separate by barrier film 1 and rubber cushion between left flow liquid frame 2, the right flow liquid frame 8, opening between left flow liquid frame 2, the right flow liquid frame 8 separates by barrier film 1, and barrier film 1, left flow liquid frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8 clamp by left clamping plate 3 and right clamping plate 9.
Method of testing of the present invention is:
Cutting length is d, and width is D, and thickness is L, and useful area is the barrier film 1 of A, cutting rubber cushion dimensions length is d, and width is D, and useful area is A, barrier film 1 two sides is with on the rubber cushion pad, and integral body is placed between left flow liquid frame 2 and the right flow liquid frame 8, and clamps with left clamping plate 3 and right clamping plate 9.The initial concentration of vanadium (IV) ion is 1.5mol/LVOSO in right half pond
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml, initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO among the Zuo Banchi
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml, the centre separates the useful area A of barrier film 1 with barrier film to be measured.Solution in two and half ponds is respectively under the effect of external pump, front inlet (left liquid flow frame inlet 5, right flow liquid frame inlet 11) from flow liquid frame (left liquid flow frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8) flows into perpendicular to barrier film 1 respectively, respectively from the vertical barrier film outflow of liquid outlet (left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10) of inlet both sides, circulate again.The clip that employing can screw is regulated and control different in flow rate by screwing degree, and is carried out the demarcation of flow on sebific duct, and the flow in half pond is consistent or approaching consistent about making, and equalized pressure reduces test error.Behind the operation certain hour, utilize ultraviolet spectrophotometer to survey the concentration of vanadium ion (IV) in left half pond.According to the stable state principle, the variation relation formula of t is as follows in time for the concentration of vanadium ion among the Zuo Banchi:
Wherein, V represents the initial volume of left and right half solution that the pond fills; A and L refer to respectively useful area and the thickness of barrier film; P refers to the permeability of vanadium (IV) ion; C
RThe initial concentration that refers to vanadium ion in right half pond; C
LThe concentration that refers to vanadium (IV) ion in left half pond.
For example: take the permeability of barrier film test vanadium (IV) ion as example, concrete method of testing:
Cutting length is 70mm, width is 90mm, thickness is 9mm, useful area is the barrier film 1 of 40mm * 50mm, and the cutting dimensions length is 70mm, and width is 90mm, middle cutting useful area is the rubber cushion of 40mm * 50mm opening, barrier film 1 two sides is with on the rubber cushion pad, and integral body is placed between left flow liquid frame 2, the right flow liquid frame 3, and clamps with left clamping plate 3 and right clamping plate 9.
Adopt liquid in-out perpendicular direction barrier film liquid stream mode to test, test adopts two and half ponds to carry out.The initial concentration of vanadium (IV) ion is 1.5mol/LVOSO in right half pond (right flow liquid frame)
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml.Initial concentration is 1.5mol/LMgSO among the Zuo Banchi (left flow liquid frame)
4+ 2mol/LH
2SO
4, volume is 150ml.The centre separates the useful area A of barrier film 1 with barrier film to be measured.Solution in two and half ponds is respectively under the effect of external pump, front inlet (left liquid flow frame inlet 5, right flow liquid frame inlet 11) from flow liquid frame (left liquid flow frame 2, right flow liquid frame 8) flows into perpendicular to barrier film 1 respectively, respectively from the vertical barrier film outflow of liquid outlet (left liquid flow frame liquid outlet 4, right flow liquid frame liquid outlet 10) of inlet both sides, circulate again.The clip that employing can screw is on sebific duct, regulate and control different in flow rate by screwing degree, and carry out the demarcation of flow 240ml/min, the flow in half pond is consistent or approaching consistent about making, behind the operation certain hour, utilize ultraviolet spectrophotometer to survey the concentration of vanadium ion (IV) in left half pond.
In the present embodiment, F=150ml, A=40mm * 50mm=20cm
2, L=9mm=0.9cm, C
R=1.5mol/L=0.0015mol/ml; According to the stable state principle, the variation relation formula of t is as follows in time for the concentration of vanadium ion among the Zuo Banchi:
Find out from the result of Fig. 1, adopt liquid in-out perpendicular direction barrier film liquid stream mode, under 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours, the permeability P of vanadium (IV) ion is respectively: 2.7 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 3.1 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 3.7 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 4.4 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min;
Adopt the magnetic agitation mode, under 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours, the permeability P of vanadium (IV) ion is respectively: 3.8 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 4.2 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 4.8 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min, 5.5 * 10
-7/ cm
2/ min;
In the situation that working time is identical, adopt the permeability P of liquid in-out perpendicular direction barrier film liquid stream mode vanadium (IV) ion to be lower than the magnetic agitation mode that adopts.