CN102851429A - Technology for comprehensively removing harmful impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus from iron in iron melting furnace - Google Patents
Technology for comprehensively removing harmful impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus from iron in iron melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102851429A CN102851429A CN2011101871858A CN201110187185A CN102851429A CN 102851429 A CN102851429 A CN 102851429A CN 2011101871858 A CN2011101871858 A CN 2011101871858A CN 201110187185 A CN201110187185 A CN 201110187185A CN 102851429 A CN102851429 A CN 102851429A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for comprehensively removing harmful impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus from iron in an iron melting furnace (Cupola) and aims to solve problems in the prior art such as poor maneuverability, low desulphurization efficiency and difficulty in simultaneous removal of two impurity elements--sulfur and phosphorus, and aims to satisfy requirements of metallurgical and casting industries. According to the technical scheme, the harmful impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus in iron are removed by a method of blowing an impurity-removing agent into a powdery or granular superheat belt, wherein the impurity-removing agent contains a desulfurizer and a dephosphorizing agent. When blowing-in, the superheat belt and a hearth of the iron melting furnace are filled with coke and the impurity-removing agent; and during the subsequent melting process, adequate small patches of the impurity-removing agent are added together with a furnace charge so as to supplement consumed impurity-removing agent and enhance desulphurization and dephosphorization effects. The technology provided by the invention is simple and easy to operate, and the impurity-removing agent can be supplemented timely. The technology has high impurity-removing efficiency, can be used to simultaneously remove the two harmful impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus in iron, and can be simultaneously used to remove other impurity elements in iron.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applied to desulfurization or dephosphorization field, particularly a kind of technique that comprehensively removes detrimental impurity elementary sulfur, phosphorus in the iron in the cupola furnace.
Background technology
The cupola furnace also claims cupola furnace, is metallurgical, the most frequently used melting equipment of casting industry.At present, the known technique that removes detrimental impurity elementary sulfur in the iron in the cupola furnace has two kinds, the first also is that ' background technology ' part of modal a kind of patent of invention for " patent No. is 90100927; name is called ' a kind of cupola furnace (cupola furnace) sulfur removal technology ' " is introduced, and it is disclosed that the second is above-mentioned patent ' summary of the invention ' part.
Compare with the first, the second a kind of bold and useful exploration of can yet be regarded as, desulfuration efficiency is greatly improved, and the content of Sulfur Content in Hot Iron has had obvious reduction.Trace it to its cause, a step that wherein plays a crucial role is: during blow-on, cross in the cupola furnace and tropical the mixing with the space of cupola well band filled coke and lime, but not only fill coke as usually.The benefit of doing like this is: when melting is carried out, the great molten iron of dispersity that is formed by melting zone drips, in the process of passing bed coke and cupola well, can constantly contact the blocks of solid lime (drop on the lime or from lime and flow through) of high temperature, concurrent give birth to row chemical reaction: CaO (Gu)+FeS=CaS (Gu)+FeO, reach reinforcing desulfuration, improve the desulfuration efficiency purpose.
But also there are some obvious shortcomings in the second.In the fusion process that carries out afterwards, can there be blocks of solid lime to be displaced downwardly to bed coke, constantly replenish the consumption of solid lime in low Jiao and the cupola well, guarantee that the cupola furnace crosses the torrid zone and the space of cupola well band all the time by coke and lime mixed filling, the second has been abandoned the little lump lime of metallurgical department recommendation, and is forced to adopt bulk lime.Because bulk lime is not easy to melt slagging, thus near melting zone, can cause slagging insufficient, thus cause that CaO and the S in the molten iron in the slag can not fully act on production CaS, do not reach the purpose of desulfurization.Such dirty with molten iron, the load of desulfurization just was moved down into the torrid zone and cupola well band, had just strengthened thus the desulfurization load at this two place, consumed or replenish not smooth in case the lime at this two place is a large amount of, and the sulphur content in the molten iron will raise rapidly.This kind technique can not in time be replenished lime in addition, so can only strengthen in advance lime consumption, not only can cause waste and strengthen lime consumption, and can bring many other problemses, when the second sulfur removal technology is used on the historical facts or anecdotes border, can have very big difficulty.
The existing technique that removes detrimental impurity element phosphor in the iron in the cupola furnace is seen " application number is 92101953.X, and denomination of invention is ' dephosphorization in cupola ' " disclosed technical scheme.The same existence of this dephosphorization technology can not in time replenish dephosphorizing agent with the shortcoming of phosphorus content in the adjusting molten iron, and B
2CO
3Be difficult for obtaining.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple and easy to do technique that in the cupola furnace, comprehensively removes detrimental impurity elementary sulfur, phosphorus in the iron, solve the prior art poor operability, desulfuration efficiency is low and can not remove simultaneously sulphur, two kinds of problems such as impurity element of phosphorus, needs metallurgical to satisfy, casting industry.。
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of technique that in the cupola furnace, comprehensively removes detrimental impurity elementary sulfur, phosphorus in the iron, it is blown into the method Powdered or agent of particulate state removing impurities and removes impurity element sulphur, phosphorus in the iron by adopting to the torrid zone excessively, and described removing impurities agent is sweetening agent and dephosphorizing agent.
The described technique that in the cupola furnace, comprehensively removes detrimental impurity elementary sulfur, phosphorus in the iron, further comprise: during blow-on, cross the torrid zone and cupola well band in the cupola furnace and fill out with coke and removing impurities agent, in the fusion process that carries out afterwards, add the agent of capacity fritter removing impurities with furnace charge, to replenish used up removing impurities agent.
The principle that the present invention improves cupola furnace removing impurities efficient is: by contacting to strengthen chemical reaction what cross that the torrid zone and cupola well band increase molten iron and removing impurities agent, thereby reach reinforcement removing impurities, raising removing impurities efficient purpose.
The present invention is simple and easy to do, can in time replenish the removing impurities agent; Removing impurities efficient is high, can remove simultaneously sulphur in the iron, two kinds of detrimental impurity elements of phosphorus, and can be used for removing simultaneously other impurity elements of iron.
Embodiment
Further specify by the following examples the present invention.
Because removing impurities agent CaO can remove sulphur in the iron, two kinds of detrimental impurity elements of phosphorus simultaneously, so followingly illustrate with CaO.
During blow-on, at first timber is burnt prosperous, then divide the space of crossing the torrid zone and cupola well band for 2～3 times in the cupola furnace to add coke and the lime that mixes by certain volume ratio, concrete ratio can be selected with reference to introduction of ' embodiment ' part of the invention of " patent No. is 90100927; name is called ' a kind of cupola furnace (cupola furnace) sulfur removal technology ' ", continuing air blast burns bed coke prosperous, fritter flux (the Wingdale that the metallurgical department that then will prepare by the melting rate of stove is recommended, fluorite etc.), metal charge (the pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, iron alloy etc.) and coke charge add from charging opening in batches in order, until concordant with charging opening.
When melting was carried out, the high-temperature furnace gas that the bed coke burning produces rose along the shaft short transverse, and metal charge is heated, and made first metal charge fusing on the bed coke end face.Molten iron after the fusing drops in the process that drops to cupola well, is further heated by high-temperature furnace gas and red-hot coke, and it is overheated that this process is called.Along with the become estranged fusing of metal charge of the burning of bed coke, the bed of material descends gradually.After every batch of furnace charge fusing, fuel is replenished by the coke charge that adds, and bed coke height is remained unchanged basically, and whole melting process is carried out continuously.
The molten iron that forms at melting zone drips, and can flow through successively the bed coke place and cross the torrid zone and cupola well.The present invention at first crosses the torrid zone a crucial step is set at the bed coke place, be specially: when the molten iron drip is crossed the bed coke place and crossed the torrid zone, by gas blower removing impurities agent (present embodiment is CaO) powder or particle are blown into herein that (amount that is blown into the removing impurities agent in the unit time can be determined according to charge composition calculation result, also can in time regulate according to the result of both analysis), molten iron is dripped with CaO fully contact the concurrent row chemical reaction of giving birth to:
CaO+SiO
2=CaSiO
3CaO (Gu)+FeS=CaS (Gu)+FeO 3CaO+P
2O
5=Ca
3(PO
4)
2
Thereby make detrimental impurity elementary sulfur, phosphorus in the molten iron remove and be trapped within the slag.This step is especially significant to removing of phosphorus, just possesses herein the oxidized condition that removes of phosphorus because only have.
Can find out that from above chemical equation this step also has the effect that removes impurity elemental silicon in the iron, this is significant to the melting that the particular requirement silicone content is arranged.
After the molten iron drip is crossed the bed coke place and crossed the torrid zone, then can flow through cupola well, in this process, molten iron drips the lime (drop on the lime or from lime and flow through) that can again contact high temperature, the concurrent row chemical reaction of giving birth to:
CaO (Gu)+FeS=CaS (Gu)+FeO
Reach reinforcing desulfuration, improve the desulfuration efficiency purpose.
The present invention is applied to high impurity iron and (contains S amount 0.13%～0.20%, si content 1.5%～3.5%, P content 1.5%～2.5%) smelting, pass through sampling analysis, the mean value of molten iron S is 0.028%, the mean value of Si is that the mean value of 0.60%, P is 0.30%, has easily reached casting high-quality molten iron standard.
Claims (2)
1. technique that in the cupola furnace, comprehensively removes detrimental impurity elementary sulfur, phosphorus in the iron, it is characterized in that: adopt to be blown into the method Powdered or agent of particulate state removing impurities to the torrid zone excessively and to remove impurity element sulphur, phosphorus in the iron, described removing impurities agent is sweetening agent and dephosphorizing agent.
2. the technique that in the cupola furnace, comprehensively removes detrimental impurity elementary sulfur, phosphorus in the iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this technique further comprises, during blow-on, crossing the torrid zone and cupola well band in the cupola furnace fills out with coke and removing impurities agent, in the fusion process that carries out afterwards, add the agent of capacity fritter removing impurities with furnace charge, to replenish used up removing impurities agent.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101871858A CN102851429A (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2011-06-30 | Technology for comprehensively removing harmful impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus from iron in iron melting furnace |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101871858A CN102851429A (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2011-06-30 | Technology for comprehensively removing harmful impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus from iron in iron melting furnace |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1043749A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-07-11 | 东南大学 | The method of charging rare-earth oxid dregs into cupola furnace |
| CN1054267A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-09-04 | 唐山钢铁公司 | A kind of cupola furnace (cupola furnace) sulfur removal technology |
| CN100999772A (en) * | 2006-01-15 | 2007-07-18 | 刘玉满 | Strengthening, increasing temp., sulphur and phosphorus removing composite powder spraying agent for interal cupola iron melt |
-
2011
- 2011-06-30 CN CN2011101871858A patent/CN102851429A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1043749A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-07-11 | 东南大学 | The method of charging rare-earth oxid dregs into cupola furnace |
| CN1054267A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-09-04 | 唐山钢铁公司 | A kind of cupola furnace (cupola furnace) sulfur removal technology |
| CN100999772A (en) * | 2006-01-15 | 2007-07-18 | 刘玉满 | Strengthening, increasing temp., sulphur and phosphorus removing composite powder spraying agent for interal cupola iron melt |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 许康: "《热风碱性化铁炉的理论与实践》", 31 January 1960, article "碱性化铁炉的熔炼操作工艺", pages: 111 * |
| 鞍山钢铁学院: "《炼钢学》", 30 June 1961, article "化铁炉用的原料", pages: 442-443 * |
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