CN102848051B - Arc striking pulse peak current control electric welding machine and control method thereof - Google Patents
Arc striking pulse peak current control electric welding machine and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electric welding and particularly relates to an arc striking pulse peak current control electric welding machine and a control method thereof. The electric welding machine applies a low-frequency low-duty-ratio pulse current during short circuit, and an arc striking pulse peak current of the low-frequency low-duty-ratio pulse current ranges from a 30A welding current to a triplex welding current. Therefore, the arc striking pulse peak current can be higher than the welding current during the low welding current, and arc striking is facilitated; and the arc striking pulse peak current can be lower than the welding current during the high welding current, a short-circuit limit output circuit is cut off after arc striking in welding is successful, the welding current slowly rises from the minimum current to the welding current, and the striking current can be reduced by the means.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric welding field, spy relates to a kind of starting the arc pulse peak current and controls electric welding machine and control method thereof.
Background technology
When traditional SMAW is from zero load to short circuit, its steady-state current Iwd designs larger than welding current If, and the ratio range of its steady-state current Iwd and welding current If is: 1.25 < Iwd/If < 2,
The electric current increased is striking electric current, and welding rod is mentioned rear electric arc and ignited, and output current decays to welding current, completes arc process.Striking characteristic generally depends on current peak and striking down slope time.Striking current peak is too little and striking current time is too short, is unfavorable for heat emission and thermal ionization, makes striking difficulty; Then cause too greatly and splash greatly, even burn workpiece! See " inversion electric welding is with regard to principle and design " the 62nd page that Zhang Guangxian writes.
Because short circuit current is change, propose arc bad grasp on opportunity, require too high to welder.
What have also uses the Arc Welding Power dragging external characteristics outside constant current band, No. 004545th, " welding engineer's handbook " (ISBN 7-111-09859-5(2002) see Chen Zhunian writes) the 225th page, consequently short-circuit current ratio welding current is larger.Welding rod and workpiece are easily sticked one another, and striking is unsuccessful.Sometimes glue and extremely can burn bad welding rod braised in soy sauce.
When traditional electric welding machine is from zero load to short circuit, its transient current peak I sd is twice above than welding current If, is less than 3 times.No. 004545th, " welding engineer's handbook " (ISBN 7-111-09859-5(2002) see Chen Zhunian writes) the 228th page.
When short circuit electric current from above freezing be raised to maximum time produce powerful power, normal operating power is far longer than!
Be analyzed as follows: controllable silicon or the high-frequency inversion source of welding current are under constant current operation state usually, time unloaded, its controllable silicon is in full conducting or high-frequency inversion switching tube PWM is adjusted to the widest, feedback sample control lag, in transcient short circuit time a period of time (from first ripple just) output voltage is maximum, at this moment power output is maximum! Generation overcurrent impacts, and (" inversion electric welding is with regard to principle and design " that Zhang Guangxian writes the 62nd page) at this moment easy welding rod bonds, and will produce threat to power device simultaneously, very easily impaired.Simultaneously transformer suddenlys change to power maximum by power minimum, may produce magnetic bias, saturated and non-crystalline material split the serious consequences such as broken! Affect power-supply device safety.This is also the basic reason that the contacting ignition arc source of welding current is higher than noncontact striking source of welding current fault rate.
Summary of the invention
Produce two kinds of bad consequences in background technology during traditional electrical welding machine short-circuit arc: one produces frequent overshoot, electric current threatens device security.It two easily to bond welding rod, the bad grasp of operating personnel.For overcoming above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of electric welding contact arc start control method and device, eliminating overshoot current frequently, substantially increase the reliability of the source of welding current; Next eliminates welding rod bonding phenomenon, the very light starting the arc.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
During the non-short circuit of step one, welding rod, electric welding machine keeps that PWM pulsewidth is very little or the SCR angle of flow is very little; The moment when welding rod short circuit, electric welding machine power output is raised to rated value from minimum of a value;
Step 2, electric welding machine apply low frequency low-duty-cycle pulses electric current during short circuit; The starting the arc pulse peak current of low frequency low-duty-cycle pulses electric current is between 30A to 3 times of welding current;
Step 3, after welding rod leaves workpiece striking success, excision restriction output circuit, welding current rises to welding current from minimum current is slow, and electric welding machine recovers normal work.
Its beneficial effect is: eliminate overshoot current frequently, substantially increases the reliability of the source of welding current; Next eliminates welding rod bonding phenomenon, the very light starting the arc; During little welding current, starting the arc pulse peak current can be greater than welding current, is easy to the starting the arc like this; Large welding current starting the arc pulse peak current could be less than welding current, can reduce dash current like this!
Electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods as above, is characterized in that: in described step one during the non-short circuit of welding rod, electric welder no-load output pulse width, it is 5% that unloaded output pulse width is less than.Its beneficial effect is: can ensure that electric welding machine short circuit first wave is small-power, reduces dash current, can reduce no-load power consumption simultaneously, reach energy-conservation object.
Electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods as above, is characterized in that: the frequency range of described step 2 medium and low frequency low-duty-cycle pulses electric current is 10HZ to 1KHZ; Dutycycle is less than 10%.Its beneficial effect is: regardless of great welding current, the low-duty-cycle pulses electric current exported during short circuit is exactly the average current value of about 20A, and welding rod can not melt and bond, and pulse energy is conducive to heat emission and thermal ionization is that the starting the arc is got ready.
Electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods as above, is characterized in that: described step 3 slow rise time scope is 0.001S-3S.Its beneficial effect is: reduce rush of current, and electric welding machine recovers normal work.
A kind of starting the arc pulse peak current controls electric welding machine, comprise constant current regulator, transformer, rectifier, PWM controls or controllable silicon phase shifting control, current detecting, voltage detecting, push current circuit, welding current circuit, described constant current regulator, PWM controls or controllable silicon phase shifting control, transformer and rectifier composition basic welding power supply, comprise unloaded restriction pulsewidth or phase-shift circuit and short circuit Limited Current circuit, described zero load limits pulsewidth or phase-shift circuit controls with PWM or controllable silicon phase shifting control is connected with current detecting, described short circuit Limited Current circuit and current detecting, voltage detecting is connected with push current circuit, described short circuit Limited Current circuit and current detecting, voltage detecting is connected with welding current circuit, described short circuit Limited Current circuit and current detecting, voltage detecting is connected with starting the arc pulse peak current circuit, short circuit Limited Current circuit zero load restriction pulsewidth or phase-shift circuit are according to the width of current detecting result restriction PWM or controllable silicon phase shift, result according to current detecting and voltage detecting controls short circuit Limited Current circuit, output low frequency, low duty ratio, peak pulse striking current can be set, it is characterized in that: it also comprises starting the arc pulse peak current circuit, starting the arc pulse peak current circuit is connected with short circuit Limited Current circuit, constant current regulator.Its beneficial effect is: eliminate overshoot current frequently, substantially increases the reliability of the source of welding current; Next eliminates welding rod bonding phenomenon, the very light starting the arc.
Starting the arc pulse peak current as above controls electric welding machine, it is characterized in that: the starting the arc pulse peak current scope of described starting the arc peak point current circuit sets between 30A to 3 times of welding current.Its beneficial effect is: during little welding current, starting the arc pulse peak current can be greater than welding current, is easy to the starting the arc like this.Large welding current starting the arc pulse peak current could be less than welding current, can reduce dash current like this!
Short circuit Limited Current circuit described above comprises low frequency low duty ratio oscillating circuit.
Zero load restriction pulsewidth as above, primarily of U2, D1, R13 composition, when zero load, the current potential of control A point, the output pulse width of restriction U3.
Push current circuit as above, is formed primarily of Q2, Q3, Q4, R18, R22, W2, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, DZ1, U4, U8 in fig 2, and the current potential of control C point, export without push current when reaching short circuit;
Short circuit Limited Current circuit as above, in fig 2 by Q4, Q5, R17, R19, R24, R25, R26, R27, DZ1, U4, U8, W1, C0 are formed, control B point current potential, export minimum welding current when reaching short circuit, and after starting the arc success, welding current rises to welding current from minimum current is slow.
Starting the arc pulse peak current circuit as above, is made up of R19, R28, U5, W3, U8, control D point current potential in fig 2, exports the starting the arc pulse peak current when reaching short circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that invention electric welding contacting ignition arc controls source of welding current square frame principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that electric welding contacting ignition arc controls (voltage type PWM) circuit theory schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is unloaded output waveform.
Fig. 4 is short circuit starting the arc output current wave.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described further of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Present invention employs a kind of new electric welding contact arc start control method, eliminate overshoot current frequently, eliminate the bonding of welding rod and workpiece.The structure and method of concrete contacting ignition arc control circuit is analyzed as follows:
Electric welding contacting ignition arc of the present invention control it comprise by transformer, rectifier, current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit, (the present invention increase limit pulse width circuit, short circuit Limited Current circuit, low frequency low duty ratio oscillating circuit, starting the arc pulse peak current circuit as the zero load in Fig. 1 dotted line), PWM controls or SCR phase shifting control, controllable silicon or high-frequency inversion form the source of welding current of adjustable output power, as shown in Figure 1.
The present invention is formed:
The 1 pair of power supply switch tube is very little or the SCR angle of flow is very little in unloaded PWM pulsewidth, and output is restricted,
2 when welding rod short circuit, the pulse current of the given peak value of output low frequency low duty ratio.
3 after welding rod leaves workpiece starting the arc success, and both weldingvoltage was greater than excision restriction output circuit when 10 volts and welding current are greater than zero, and welding current recovers normal work from the slow welding current that rises to of minimum current.
embodiment of the present invention:
Circuit as shown in Figure 2, is a kind of voltage type PWM control circuit type.
Be analyzed as follows: the 1st stage: (zero load)
Welding current is not had when zero load, given welding current and push current are on the occasion of delivering to adjuster U1, at this moment U1 exports minimum of a value, Q1 ends, U3(3525) be voltage-type pulsewidth modulated intergrated circuit, 9th pin voltage levels determines output pulse width, and driving power switching device reaches adjustable output power.9th pin is exactly now the maximum exported!
Current sampling circuit does not have signal to deliver to U2 to form current threshold comparison circuit, U2 output low level, R13 through D1 by U3(3525) the 9th pin current potential (both A point) will be dragged down, regulate R13, U3 the 9th pin voltage clamp at the minimum magnitude of voltage of output pulse width.It is 5% that general unloaded output pulse width is less than, and unloaded output pulse width is adjusted to 3% by the present embodiment, ensures that short circuit first wave is small-power, as shown in waveform in Fig. 3.
2nd stage: (short circuit)
When welding rod and absorption surface, output current > 0, U2 exports high level+15V, the reverse-biased cut-off of D1, and R13 can not dividing potential drop U3(3525) the 9th pin current potential, by U1(3140) and Q1 to U3(3525) carry out current constant control.At this moment output voltage is less than 10V, and optocoupler U4 does not work, Q1 conducting, and special IC U8(YG-2012A is delivered in voltage signal=0) the 34th pin.U2 delivers to current signal=1 special IC U8(YG-2012A) the 7th pin.
At this moment U8 the 1st pin exports high level, controls welding current minimum current export (locking B point current potential) by Q5.
The frequency range that U8 the 13rd pin exports is 10HZ to 1KHZ.At this moment U8 the 13rd pin exports about 200Hz low duty ratio (about 3%) pulse signal and controls through U5, and Limited Current exports, and both 97% time exported minimum current, and 3% time exported given peak point current.Set short circuit pulse peak point current by W3 and export (control D point current potential) starting the arc pulse peak current scope; Selected between times welding current of 30A-3.
Q3 will be controlled by U8 the 31st pin output high level simultaneously, export without push current.(locking C point current potential)
Regulate RW1 desired value, when Q5 conducting, regardless of given electric current much (locking B point current potential), output is exactly stable minimum electric current, and the present embodiment selectes about 10A.
No matter welding current and push current much, the low-duty-cycle pulses electric current of output is exactly the average current value of about 20A, and welding rod can not melt and bond, and pulse energy is conducive to heat emission and thermal ionization is that the starting the arc is got ready, and its waveform is as shown in Figure 4.
3rd stage: (starting the arc)
After striking success mentioned by welding rod, weldingvoltage is greater than 10 volts, U4 conducting, and Q4 ends, voltage signal=1, current signal=1, U6 is by closedown the 1st pin, and 13 pin and 31 pin export, C0 will be charged by R19 and W1, its time constant determines the rate of rise, and reach control welding current and rise to welding current from minimum current is slow, slow rise time scope is 0.001S-3S.This example slow rise time is 0.5S, as long as electric current is continuous, when there is a droplet transfer period, weldingvoltage falls down, and locking normal operative condition is constant! Guarantee current-limiting circuit is cut.Behind current signal=0, current-limiting circuit will be resumed work.Its waveform as shown in Figure 4.
Also have other various circuit (comprising Controlled Silicon Phase-Shifted Trigger Circuit) to have a variety of scheme, therefore do not draw physical circuit.Other circuit composition is the same with embodiment of the present invention, and its operation principle is identical with the course of work and embodiment of the present invention, is not describing.
When testing, the present inventor has done the striking experiment of the electric welding machine that traditional electric welding machine and Novel belt contacting ignition arc control simultaneously, when big current, has overcurrent protection during traditional electric welding machine, and to glue dead roasting red for welding rod sometimes.And control with band contacting ignition arc of the present invention electric welder arc striking time, not there is overcurrent protection and welding rod clings phenomenon.
In sum, the Novel electric welding contacting ignition arc that the present invention proposes controls power supply compared with traditional electric welding machine, eliminates overshoot current frequently, substantially increase the reliability of the source of welding current during striking.Next eliminates welding rod bonding phenomenon, the very light starting the arc, excellent, a kind of good source of welding current of can yet be regarded as.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention; any those skilled in the art; do not departing under technical solution of the present invention ambit; utilize the method content of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the scope of claims protection.
Bibliography 1: " welding engineer's handbook ", Chen Zhunian, writes, No. 004545th, ISBN 7-111-09859-5 (2002).
Bibliography 2: " inversion electric welding is with regard to principle and design " Zhang Guangxian, writes.
Claims (6)
1. an electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
During the non-short circuit of step one, welding rod, electric welding machine keeps that PWM pulsewidth is very little or the SCR angle of flow is very little; The moment when welding rod short circuit, electric welding machine power output is raised to rated value from minimum of a value;
Step 2, electric welding machine apply low frequency low-duty-cycle pulses electric current during short circuit; The starting the arc pulse peak current of low frequency low-duty-cycle pulses electric current is between 30A to 3 times of welding current;
Step 3, after welding rod leaves workpiece striking success, excision restriction output circuit, welding current rises to welding current from minimum current is slow, and electric welding machine recovers normal work.
2. electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step one during the non-short circuit of welding rod, electric welder no-load output pulse width, unloaded output pulse width is less than 5%.
3. electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the frequency range of described step 2 medium and low frequency low-duty-cycle pulses electric current is 10HZ to 1KHZ; Dutycycle is less than 10%.
4. the electric welding starting the arc pulse peak current control methods as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described step 3 slow rise time scope is 0.001S-3S.
5. a starting the arc pulse peak current controls electric welding machine, comprise constant current regulator, transformer, rectifier, PWM controls or controllable silicon phase shifting control, current detecting, voltage detecting, push current circuit, welding current circuit, described constant current regulator, PWM controls or controllable silicon phase shifting control, transformer and rectifier composition basic welding power supply, comprise unloaded restriction pulsewidth or phase-shift circuit and short circuit Limited Current circuit, described zero load limits pulsewidth or phase-shift circuit controls with PWM or controllable silicon phase shifting control is connected with current detecting, described short circuit Limited Current circuit and current detecting, voltage detecting is connected with push current circuit, described short circuit Limited Current circuit and current detecting, voltage detecting is connected with welding current circuit, described short circuit Limited Current circuit and current detecting, voltage detecting is connected with starting the arc pulse peak current circuit, short circuit Limited Current circuit zero load restriction pulsewidth or phase-shift circuit are according to the width of current detecting result restriction PWM or controllable silicon phase shift, result according to current detecting and voltage detecting controls short circuit Limited Current circuit, output low frequency, low duty ratio, peak pulse striking current can be set, it is characterized in that: it also comprises starting the arc pulse peak current circuit, starting the arc pulse peak current circuit is connected with short circuit Limited Current circuit, constant current regulator.
6. starting the arc pulse peak current as claimed in claim 5 controls electric welding machine, it is characterized in that: described in
The starting the arc pulse peak current scope of starting the arc pulse peak current circuit sets between 30A to 3 times of welding current.
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| CN105750695A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2016-07-13 | 株式会社达谊恒 | Pulsed arc welding arcing control method |
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| CN103831505B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-11-18 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of control device of intermediate frequency Arc Welding Power controlled rectification and method |
| CN105598558B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-04-12 | 大连理工大学 | Arc welding power source current double-closed-loop control method |
| CN106695071B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-09-04 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Arc start control method and device |
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| US6730875B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2004-05-04 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | System and method for estimating true heats of welding processes |
| US7091445B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2006-08-15 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Electric arc welder and method for controlling the welding process of the welder |
| US6930279B2 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-08-16 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Electric arc welder and method for controlling the welding process of the welder |
| CN201076965Y (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2008-06-25 | 北京工业大学 | Inverter arc welding power source control system |
| CN202010836U (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-10-19 | 江苏宏微科技有限公司 | Pulse width modulation circuit for welding machine power supply |
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