CN102847960B - Large-hole fine boring device - Google Patents
Large-hole fine boring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102847960B CN102847960B CN201210109865.2A CN201210109865A CN102847960B CN 102847960 B CN102847960 B CN 102847960B CN 201210109865 A CN201210109865 A CN 201210109865A CN 102847960 B CN102847960 B CN 102847960B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-hole fine boring device. The large-hole fine boring device comprises a fine boring cutter and a force application part, wherein the fine boring cutter is radially positioned in a floating mode on the boring bar cutter side, and the force application part acts on the fine boring cutter to press the fine boring cutter against a guide surface on the cutter side, so that the friction force between the fine boring cutter and the cutter side is no less than the gravity of the fine boring cutter. By the aid of the large-hole fine boring device, the circular degree of formed holes can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fine boring apparatus for large hole machined.
Background technology
Current national Specification: the maximum machined hole diameter for jig boring machine fine boring cutter is φ 310mm.But in reality processing, often can run into the boring of φ 360mm-φ 750mm macropore size, the hole claiming more than φ 360mm is here macropore.It should be noted that, about macropore, current not specification is defined, but concept ubiquity in the art, for different processing objects, have being greater than the processing of φ 150mm also referred to as large hole machined.
For large hole machined, if directly adopt Imitated design, hole after boring can occur not justifying (oblate under the effect of floating fine boring cutter cutter hub self gravitation, circularity over tolerance in other words) phenomenon, the bottom of the macropore of hole can be larger, 0.06mm at least, at most 0.80mm, top is then relatively smaller, directly affects dimensional accuracy and the circularity of macropore.
About floating fine boring cutter, as the fine boring cutter of standard, represent that, in Figure of description 1 and accompanying drawing 2, the segmental arc of Fig. 2 upper right corner dotted line represents finished surface.In figure, boring bar 1 has radial square through hole, is called cutter side, a combined cutter is inserted into described cutter side, is directed at described cutter side and restrained at axial and circumferential, and obviously, this structure can be subject to the impact of foregoing gravity and cause pore-forming circularity over tolerance.
A kind of old-fashioned macropore fine boring cutter represents in figs. 3 and 4, this cutter only has a cutter head 3, it is locked in cutter side that cutter hub 2 is held out against screw 8 by one, loses flying ability compared to the fine boring cutter of above-mentioned standard, thus overcome according to the problem of Action of Gravity Field because of the circularity over tolerance caused that floats.But in such an embodiment, the radial component of cutting force can only all be born by boring bar.The overhanging of boring bar is longer, can produce natural flexure, therefore can produce the problem of pore-forming circularity over tolerance equally, and cylindricity also can be deteriorated.
China CN201906844U give a kind of scheme by improving cutter supporting condition, being installed on the taper shank outer end in boring spindle taper hole, be provided with one heart its external diameter can deeply by boring hole and external diameter close to by the cutterhead of boring hole inwall, boring cutter is arranged in the cutter groove of cutterhead outer face.This structure is the length by the covert reduction boring cutter self of the size of increase boring cutter mounting structure, improves the rigidity of boring cutter.But the distortion of boring cutter under this condition does not change the impact of circularity, and reason is, except additional gravity is outer, it is stressed basically identical in each position in hole for boring cutter, can not the therefore impact of elimination on pore-forming circularity.And because extra heavy burden can increase the distortion of boring bar, exacerbate the problem of circularity over tolerance further.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes further to improve on the basis of existing floating boring tool, thus, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of macropore fine boring apparatus that can ensure hole circularity preferably.
In order to realize goal of the invention of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted is:
A kind of macropore fine boring apparatus, comprise the fine boring cutter that radial floating is positioned boring bar cutter side, also comprise and act on described fine boring cutter and make fine boring cutter compress the force application part of cutter side spigot surface, thus the gravity making the frictional force between fine boring cutter and cutter side be more than or equal to fine boring cutter to be subject to.
According to said structure, adopt the mode of gravitational equilibrium to solve the impact of boring cutter self gravitation on machining accuracy, show therefore the caused impact on circularity as described in the background section.Obviously, this structure has the advantage of common floating boring tool, simultaneously, the gravity be subject to due to boring cutter will much smaller than cutting force, be fixed on the version on boring bar compared to boring cutter, the flexure that boring bar is therefore produced is very little, can ignore the impact of machining accuracy.Therefore, the circularity of hole can be ensured well according to said structure of the present invention.
Above-mentioned macropore fine boring apparatus, described force application part is the second tension spring that one end is connected to described fine boring cutter, and the other end of this second tension spring is restrained.
Above-mentioned macropore fine boring apparatus, described second tension spring is circumferentially arranged in boring bar side, and its two ends are corresponding to be connected to symmetrically from the upper fine boring cutter that two ends, cutter side are stretched out.
Above-mentioned macropore fine boring apparatus, described second tension spring is connected on described fine boring cutter by movable joint screw.
Above-mentioned macropore fine boring apparatus, also comprises self contering structure, and this self contering structure comprises and is arranged in fine boring cutter two cutter side external part symmetrically with the second tension spring of centripetal tension fine boring cutter.
Above-mentioned macropore fine boring apparatus, the second tension spring is often held at fine boring cutter cutter side external part and is symmetrically provided with two.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of standard fine boring cutter (floating boring tool) on boring bar vertical section.
Fig. 2 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of standard fine boring cutter on boring bar cross section.
Fig. 3 is a kind of old-fashioned boring cutter (hilted broadsword head is fixedly installed) the mounting structure schematic diagram on boring bar vertical section.
Fig. 4 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of a kind of old-fashioned boring cutter on boring bar cross section.
Fig. 5 is according to the mounting structure schematic diagram of a kind of fine boring cutter of the present invention on boring bar vertical section.
Fig. 6 is the mounting structure schematic diagram on boring bar cross section corresponding to Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is A portion enlarged drawing.
Fig. 8 is according to a kind of fine boring cutter force diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1, boring bar, 2, cutter hub, 3, cutter head, 4, housing screw, 5, bar hole, 6, adjustment screw, 7, adjustment screw, 8, hold out against screw, 9, tension spring, 10, screw, 11, pulling block, 12, tension spring, 13, screw.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrate that accompanying drawing 1 to 8 is the structural representation of illustrative macropore fine boring cutter, but do not form limitations on claims, in figure, have employed simplified painting, only for clear expression, do not represent the processing structure of actual products.
The term name selected in the description of example may comprise specific structure or characteristic, but only by the technical conditions being expressed in example, should not form the technical scheme of application claims and limit.
As Tool Design, first, a kind of structural shape of the best must be found; Secondly, material and the angle of cutter is reasonably selected; Finally, constantly perfect in practice.Only in this way just can design qualified, gratifying cutter, macropore fine boring cutter is also like this.
1. the structure of general fine boring cutter
Fine boring tool employs more than 60 year on Machine Manufacture, defines national standard.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, fine boring cutter, i.e. cutter hub 2 and the cutter head 3 also additional adjustment member formation being fixed on the overhanging end of cutter hub in figure, version belongs to adjustable structure, in dependence, the size of the relative movement adjustment actual processing hole size of lower right boring cutter hub, fine boring cutter can radially slide in boring bar 1 cutter side (cutter side surface accuracy IT7), double cutting edge is radial symmetric structure, the effect of symmetrical extruding can be formed, thus, make the balance of the radial component of cutting force, be suitable for the processing request of surface roughness Ra=0.8 μm endoporus, the dimensional accuracy of endoporus can control in H6 level.
Embodiments of the invention all retain floating boring tool basic floating structure as shown in figure 1 and 2, meet the balance of the radial component of cutting force.
2. the structure of old-fashioned macropore fine boring cutter
As previously mentioned, the macropore fine boring cutter structural difference at home market can seen is little, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fine boring tool of this structure is a kind of cutter of current more use, and background technology part relatively clearly describes, such cutter can only carry out the interior hole machined of general precision, and surface roughness does not reach the technical requirement of drawing.In order to overcome the sagging factor causing endoporus not justify of fine boring cutter deadweight, fine boring cutter and boring bar 1 adopt the wide boss radial location of 6mm, hold out against the structure that screw 8 holds out against right boring cutter hub, due to can not floating of boring cutter, also have employed the boring of hilted broadsword sword, there is no the effect of symmetrical extruding.So, the boring of hilted broadsword sword is suitable only for the processing request of surface roughness Ra >=3.2 μm endoporus, move in the elongated slot of cutter head 3 on cutter hub 2 and realize radial feed, fine setting is realized by adjustment screw 7, adjustment screw 7 has the left and right screw thread of two kinds of pitch, pitch is 1.25 and 1, and the differential pitch obtained like this is 0.25mm, adjustment screw 7 often turns around, and cutter head 3 advances or retreats 0.25mm.The radial direction adjustment of fine boring cutter is also similar, is also all that the version by being similar to adjustment screw 7 adjusts usually.
As previously mentioned, old-fashioned macropore fine boring cutter shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the boring of hilted broadsword sword, the endoporus processing request of surface roughness Ra=0.8 μm can not be reached, therefore, floating boring tool structure is all adopted according to embodiments of the invention, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, double-sided blade structure is adopted can to form the effect of symmetrical extruding.
See Figure of description 5, in the upper and lower bilateral symmetry of fine boring cutter, four tension springs 9 are installed, have relied on screw 10 and the centripetal tension fine boring cutter of pulling block 11, fine boring cutter can be made to be in the centering position of balance.
Four tension springs 9 symmetrical and upper and lower symmetrical structure integrally, can make boring cutter obtain reasonable stress.
Pulling block 11 and the mode adopting latch to be connected between fine boring cutter, can use as long as bearing pin inserts pin-and-hole, mounting or dismounting are convenient.
Said latch connects, and as shown in Figure 7, performance more clearly, screw 10 is a kind of head end screws with pin-and-hole, and the connecting portion of tension spring 9 directly can insert pin-and-hole.This screw can be called movable joint screw.Eyelet bolt/nail refers generally to GB 798 eyebolt/nail and moral mark (DIN) 444 eyebolts/nail.Certainly, in this programme, the head of screw is mainly used in the connection of tension spring, therefore, be not limited to movable joint screw here, what it will be apparent to those skilled in that knows, tension spring connecting portion mostly is hook/ring portion, obviously, bolt/ailhead can form a limiting section, above tension spring can hang over.
In order to eliminate, fine boring cutter deadweight is sagging causes boring aperture not circle, the phenomenon of circularity over tolerance in other words, have employed the version that tension spring 12 strains fine boring cutter in an example.In figure 6, tension spring 12 is axially configured in boring bar side, and two ends are connected on fine boring cutter by screw 13, and the frictional force that applying one is quantitative between fine boring cutter and the cutter side of boring bar, can offset the moiety by weight of fine boring cutter.Specific design step is as follows:
For national standard φ 310mm fine boring cutter, can not produce the phenomenon that boring aperture is not justified, by practice, φ 340mm fine boring cutter also can not produce above-mentioned situation, and the appearance and size of fine boring cutter is 30x60x340, and material is 45#, YG8.
Volume V
1=30x60x340=0.000614 (m
3)
Weight G
1=γ V=7.8x 0.000614=4.8 (kg)
It can thus be appreciated that floating boring is safe under the deadweight of 4.79kg.
Fine boring cutter weight in an example, is illustrated in figure 8 the force diagram of fine boring cutter.
Cutting data: cutting speed V=30m/min, amount of feeding f=2mm, boring degree of depth d=0.125mm, mechanical efficiency η=0.8, to the boring drag Ks=130kg/mm of cast iron HT250
2, so, boring power P=2d f V Ks/(60x 102x η)
=2x0.125x2x30x130/（60x102x0.8）= 0.4（kw），
Boring rotating speed n=1000x60xV/(3.14xD)=1000x60x30/(3.14x750)=764 (r/min)
Boring torque M=9.55x10
6p/n=9.55x10
6x0.4/764=5 x 10
3(N.mm)
Fine boring cutter acts on normal pressure F=M/d=5 x 10 on boring bar
3/ 270=19 (N)
Fine boring cutter acts on the boring force F on workpiece
1=M/d
1=5 x 10
3/ 750=6.7 (N)
For 30x60 cutter side: shear strength τ=F/S=19/(30x60)=0.011 (MPa)
So the cutting output of fine boring cutter is little, and resistance to cutting is low, adopt 50x80 side only to gain in weight, intensity, rigidity are superfluous, and the appearance and size of Novel precise boring cutter is 30x60x750, and material is 45#, YG8,
Volume V=30x60x750=0.00135 (m
3)
Weight G=γ V=7.8x 0.00135=10.5 (kg)
As shown in Figure 8, right boring cutter hub goes out 8-φ 30 lightening core,
Volume V
1=3.14x30
2/ 4x30 x8=0.00017 (m
3)
Weight G
1=γ V=7.8x 0.0017=1.3 (kg)
Fine boring cutter weight becomes G-G
1=9.2kg.
Below the method that fine boring cutter eliminates deadweight:
Because fine boring cutter deadweight is 9.2kg, and floating boring is safe under the deadweight of 4.8kg, the frictional resistance that also just must produce 4.4kg overcomes, so no matter fine boring cutter be in vertically, level or any position, the pressure that fine boring cutter is applied to inner hole of workpiece can not be greater than 4.8kg, ensure that the security of floating boring.Devise an additional force at this, make cutter side's part of boring cutter and boring bar there is the frictional force of 4.4kg.
We know, the material of boring cutter and boring bar is 45#, 40Cr, and belong to steel to steel contact, when there being oil lubrication, confficient of static friction is μ=0.11.
∵ frictional force f=μ N
∴ additional force N=f/ μ=4.4/0.11=40 (kg)
Adopt standard component Q81-3 cylinder tension spring, select the specification of d=3, D=16,
When t2=4.3, pulling force P2=42.7kg.Now pulling force meets instructions for use, can balance the impact of fine boring cutter deadweight.
In an example, the method for Novel precise boring cutter self-balancing:
Adopt standard component Q81-3 cylinder tension spring, select the specification of d=2, D=16,
When t2=3.5, pulling force P2=10kg,
Now pulling force meets instructions for use, the pulling force of upper and lower tension spring is about 20kg, fine boring cutter deadweight is 9.2kg, pulling force due to spring is greater than more than 2 times of fine boring cutter deadweight, now spring oscillator makes stressed effect from completely different without situation during spring, the factor of the gravity sag of fine boring cutter is weakened, no matter any orientation, achieves the automatic centering of fine boring cutter under spring force.As can be seen from Figure 5, in order to the position making fine boring cutter be in automatic centering, the depth position of screw can be adjusted, first time needs repeatedly to adjust when using, just screw locking (as gluing or tight fit) is no longer dismantled on boring bar once centering, 4 tension springs 9 are fixed on screw and no longer dismantle simultaneously, this ensures that there the position of the automatic centering of fine boring cutter Long-Time Service.
Formed about the frictional force between fine boring cutter and cutter side, we know that there are four faces cutter side, and fine boring cutter and one of them face, cutter side or two faces produce when rubbing and just can meet this requirement in theory, and selection has arbitrariness.Meanwhile, the generation of frictional force needs the normal pressure acting on respective face.Thus known, the force application part producing this normal pressure selects to have the larger free degree.
Can configure so in an example, in the axis of boring bar compression is set or tension spring acts on described fine boring cutter and can obtain required frictional force.Now tension spring can be arranged on the outside of boring bar, certainly, because boring bar is hollow, also can be arranged on boring bar inside.
Claims (2)
1. a macropore fine boring apparatus, comprise the fine boring cutter that radial floating is positioned boring bar cutter side, it is characterized in that, also comprise and act on described fine boring cutter and make fine boring cutter compress the force application part of cutter side spigot surface, thus the gravity making the frictional force between fine boring cutter and cutter side be more than or equal to fine boring cutter to be subject to;
Described force application part is the first tension spring that one end is connected to described fine boring cutter, and the other end of this first tension spring is restrained;
Described first tension spring is circumferentially arranged in boring bar side, and its two ends are corresponding to be connected to from the upper fine boring cutter that two ends, cutter side are stretched out symmetrically;
Also comprise self contering structure, this self contering structure comprises and is arranged in fine boring cutter two cutter side external part symmetrically with the second tension spring of centripetal tension fine boring cutter;
Second tension spring is often held at fine boring cutter cutter side external part and is symmetrically provided with two.
2. macropore fine boring apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first tension spring is connected on described fine boring cutter by movable joint screw.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210109865.2A CN102847960B (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2012-04-16 | Large-hole fine boring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210109865.2A CN102847960B (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2012-04-16 | Large-hole fine boring device |
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| CN102847960A CN102847960A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
| CN102847960B true CN102847960B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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Citations (7)
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| GB959491A (en) * | 1960-11-25 | 1964-06-03 | Marguerite Frank | Device for the automatic adjustment of a machine tool with a rotating spindle carrying a radially-adjustable tool holder |
| US4516889A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1985-05-14 | Devlieg Machine Company | Precision adjustable cutting tool |
| CN1597203A (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2005-03-23 | 陈硕 | Radial feeding slot boring cutter |
| CN2832367Y (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2006-11-01 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Boring knife capable of radially cutting |
| CN201755667U (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-03-09 | 中冶陕压重工设备有限公司 | Processing apparatus for sealing cavity hole inner chamfer |
| CN102039524A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-05-04 | 速技能机械有限公司 | Complex machine tools and processing methods |
| CN202527730U (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-11-14 | 山东普利森集团有限公司 | Macropore fine boring device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010014322B4 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2015-04-23 | Kennametal Inc. | Tool head for a rotating tool |
-
2012
- 2012-04-16 CN CN201210109865.2A patent/CN102847960B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB959491A (en) * | 1960-11-25 | 1964-06-03 | Marguerite Frank | Device for the automatic adjustment of a machine tool with a rotating spindle carrying a radially-adjustable tool holder |
| US4516889A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1985-05-14 | Devlieg Machine Company | Precision adjustable cutting tool |
| CN1597203A (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2005-03-23 | 陈硕 | Radial feeding slot boring cutter |
| CN2832367Y (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2006-11-01 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Boring knife capable of radially cutting |
| CN102039524A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-05-04 | 速技能机械有限公司 | Complex machine tools and processing methods |
| CN201755667U (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-03-09 | 中冶陕压重工设备有限公司 | Processing apparatus for sealing cavity hole inner chamfer |
| CN202527730U (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-11-14 | 山东普利森集团有限公司 | Macropore fine boring device |
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| CN102847960A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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Inventor after: Wang Xiaogang Inventor after: Wang Yiling Inventor after: Zhang Jingrui Inventor after: Zhang Guixin Inventor after: Peng Weichao Inventor before: Tan Dening Inventor before: Wang Xiaogang Inventor before: Zhang Jingrui Inventor before: Zhang Guixin Inventor before: Peng Weichao |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: TAN DENING WANG XIAOGANG ZHANG JINGRUI ZHANG GUIXIN PENG WEICHAO TO: WANG XIAOGANG WANG YILING ZHANG JINGRUI ZHANG GUIXIN PENG WEICHAO |
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