CN102845587A - Extrusion puffing and ultramicro crushing combined isolated soybean protein production method - Google Patents
Extrusion puffing and ultramicro crushing combined isolated soybean protein production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extrusion puffing and ultramicro crushing combined isolated soybean protein production method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, crushing soybean slices containing 5-30% of water, carrying out extrusion puffing treatment with an extrusion puffing machine under conditions comprising that the sleeve temperature of the extrusion puffing machine is 40-120DEG C, the screw rotation speed is 60-140r/min and the die aperture diameter is 5-30mm, degreasing the extruded and puffed material with ether, desolventizing at 90DEG C, drying for 5h, crushing, and sieving by a 60 mesh sieve; 2, carrying out different-degree ultramicro crushing of the sieved material to the power particle sizes of 200mum, 100-200mum, 50-100mum, 20-50mum or below 20mum, adding water, stirring, adjusting the pH value to 8.5 with an alkali, and centrifuging to obtain a filter residue and a filtrate; and 3, adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to 4.5 with an acid, centrifuging to obtain a filter residue precipitate and a new filtrate, lyophilizing the filter residue precipitate, and crushing to obtain a finished product soybean protein. The high-quality and high-purity isolated soybean protein can be obtained through the method disclosed in the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing soybean protein isolate with the high temperature dregs of beans, particularly relate to a kind of combine with ultramicro grinding method of preliminary treatment high temperature dregs of beans production soybean protein isolate of extrusion that adopts, belong to soybean protein separation and Extraction manufacture field.
Background technology
Approximately contain 45% ~ 50% protein, 20% ~ 25% polysaccharide and cellulose, 10% ~ 15% compound sugar in the dregs of beans, and a small amount of isoflavones and soyasaponin, there is very high development and utilization to be worth.The animal feed processing mainly is used as dregs of beans by oil plant at present, only there is the small part dregs of beans to be used for fermented food production, caused the waste of a large amount of high-quality protein resources and some physiological activators, therefore abundant development and utilization dregs of beans improves its value-added content of product and becomes a urgent problem.
Soybean protein isolate claims again the isoelectric point albumen powder, is that the soybean of decortication degreasing is further removed a kind of refining soy protein products that obtains behind the contained non-protein ingredient.It is a kind of purity of protein high (protein content is up to more than 90%), has the intermediate raw material of the food interpolation usefulness of deep processing performance, can be widely used in meat product, dairy products, cold food cold drink, bakery product and health food etc.
The high temperature dregs of beans is subject to high heat effect in process of production, and albuminous degeneration is serious, analyzes heat treatment very important for the extraction of protein on the impact of protein structure and character.The people such as Wang Zhangcun (Wang Zhangcun, Dong Jilin, Zheng Jianqiang, Deng. binding characteristic [J] .2008 of the character of thermal denaturation rice gluten and structural research--III rice gluten and sugar, 3 (23): 8-11.) adopt high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Sepharose CL-4B gel column chromatography to study rice gluten and sugared situation about combining after the thermal denaturation.By drawing the elution curve of albumen before and after the thermal denaturation with sugar, high-temperature heat treatment makes the more glucide of protein bound, and in conjunction with very tight, has formed the aggregation compounds of indissoluble, and infrared check analysis has thereafter also confirmed this conclusion.The people such as Wang Hui (Wang Hui, Ma Chuanxi, zephyr, Deng. the impact of Heat-treatment on Endersperm Protein Components of Wheat [J]. the wheat crops journal, 2001,21 (4): 64～66. Wei Xiao virtue, Liu Huizhou. thermal denaturation is on the impact [J] of protein structure and foam behavior. chemical industry metallurgical, 2000,4 (21): Lee's 379-383. conduct, Wang Derong. protein heat denaturation is on the impact [J] of soybean protein isolate microwave bulking. the Guangdong Industry Technical College journal, 2002,2 (2): 42-45.) successively thermal denaturation is found the impact research of various albumen, high-temperature heat treatment can make the internal structure of albumen that great change occurs, interconnect between the material, active force strengthens.And these have all hindered the stripping of protein and the wash-out of other nonproteins, make the utilization of high denatured protein become very difficult.Therefore, can not adopt method for the routine of low Denatured Soybean Meal for the extraction of high temperature dregs of beans albumen and preparation, find out that one new, effective preparation technology is imperative.(the Beckel such as Beckel, A.C., Bull, W.C., and Hopper T.H.Heat denaturation of protein in soybean meal.Journal of American Agriculture and Chemistry[J], 1945,34 (8): 973-976.) investigated dregs of beans do, sex change rule under the hydrothermal condition, find that the thermal denaturation of soybean protein is subjected to the humidity effect very large.Wang H.(Wang H., L.A.Johnson, and Wang T.Preparation of Soy ProteinConcentrate and Isolate from Extruded-Expelled Soybean Meals[J] .J.Am.Oil Chem.Soc.2004,81:713717.) studied albumen in the hydro-thermal cooking process extraction extrusion dregs of beans, protein extracting ratio brings up to 53% by 40%.
The method for preparing soybean protein isolate that exists both at home and abroad at present mainly contains following several:
1. alkali extraction and acid precipitation
2. hyperfiltration method
3. ion-exchange
4. foam-forming method
5. inverse micelle abstraction method
6. reversed-phased high performace liquid chromatographic
By the retrieval to domestic and international preparation soybean separation protein whitening method, find that existing preparation soybean separation protein whitening method shortcoming is as follows:
1. raw materials is had relatively high expectations.
Extraction time long, be not suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
3. high, the accessory substance of cost and residual compounds are many.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of extrusion preliminary treatment high temperature dregs of beans that combines with ultramicro grinding, extract the method for soybean protein isolate, can obtain by the method high-quality, highly purified soybean protein isolate.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, a kind of extrusion of the present invention combines with ultramicro grinding and produces the method for soybean protein isolate, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the soybean sheet being pulverized the rear extruder extrusion of using processes, described soybean sheet water content 5%-30%, 40-120 ℃ of described extruder sleeve temperature, screw speed 60-140r/min, nib aperture 5-30mm, the material behind the extrusion is being used ether defatting (55 ℃ of temperature, time 5h), 90 ℃ of high temperature precipitations were pulverized 60 mesh sieves (coarse crushing) behind the dry 5h;
(2) material after will sieving carries out ultramicro grinding in various degree, soybean materials diameter of particle after the ultramicro grinding is:〉200 μ m, 100 μ m～200 μ m, 50 μ m～100 μ m, 20 μ m～50 μ m or＜20 μ m, adding water stirs, regulate pH to 8.5 with alkali, centrifugal treating obtains filter residue and filtrate;
(3) centrifugal gained filtrate is with acid for adjusting pH to 4.5, and centrifugal treating obtains filter residue precipitation and filtrate, and the finished product soybean protein is pulverized to get in the freeze drying of gained filter residue precipitation.
In order to reach better extraction effect, method of the present invention, wherein soybean sheet water content is 20% in the preferred described step (1), described extruder sleeve temperature is 60 ℃, screw speed 80r/min, nib aperture 18mm.
Method of the present invention, wherein preferred described diameter of particle is 20um-50um in the preferred described step (2).
The invention difference from existing technology is, the present invention adopts the extrusion preliminary treatment high temperature dregs of beans that combines with ultramicro grinding, extracts soybean protein isolate again, has following advantage:
1. obtain high-quality soybean protein isolate when extracting oil.
2. extraction process can be to environment, and it is purer to obtain soybean protein isolate.
3. extraction expense is low; Extraction process and equipment are simple.
Expelling-expansion pretreatment will be destroyed cell membrane, make albumen more easily flow out extraction.Ultramicro grinding also is to destroy its eucaryotic cell structure, makes albumen-fat, and albumen-mixtures such as sugar separate, convenient extraction albumen.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the extrusion of the present invention method of producing soybean protein isolate that combines with ultramicro grinding is described further.
Description of drawings
The process route chart of Fig. 1 the inventive method;
Fig. 2 extrusion material moisture is on the impact of high temperature dregs of beans protein isolate NSI and PDI;
Fig. 3 extrusion sleeve temperature is on the impact of high temperature dregs of beans protein isolate NSI and PDI;
Fig. 4 extrusion twin-screw rotating speed is on the impact of high temperature dregs of beans protein isolate NSI and PDI;
Fig. 5 extrusion nib aperture is on the impact of high temperature dregs of beans protein isolate NSI and PDI;
Fig. 6 ultramicro grinding particle diameter is on the impact of high temperature dregs of beans protein isolate NSI and PDI.
The specific embodiment
Below be embodiment and test data thereof etc., but content of the present invention is not limited to the scope of these embodiment.
1 materials and methods
1.1 material, reagent
Soybean sheet Heilongjiang Province 93 factories produce
NaOH
HCl analyzes pure solution
Absolute ether
Trichloroacetic acid
Copper sulphate
Anhydrous slufuric acid
1.2 key instrument equipment
PHS-25 type acidometer Shanghai great achievement instrument plant
Electronic analytical balance Mei Lete-Tuo benefit instrument (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Centrifuge Beijing Medical Centrifugal Machine Factory
Jintan City, electric precise mixer Jiangsu Province high honour instrument manufacturing Co., Ltd
Electric-heated thermostatic water bath Yuyao City east electric instrument factory
Semi-automatic azotometer Shanghai Xin Jia Electronics Co., Ltd.
Digestion instrument Shanghai Qianjian Instrument Co., Ltd.
Fibrometer system Shanghai Xin Jia Electronics Co., Ltd.
Pulverizer China Tianjin Tai Site Instr Ltd.
Soxhlet extractor Tianjin Glass Instrument Factory
Chamber type electric resistance furnace Tianjin Tai Site Instr Ltd.
Ultrasonic cell disruption instrument JY92-II DN NingBo XinZhi Biology Science Co., Ltd
Engineering college of twin-screw extruder Northeast Agricultural University
1.3 method
1.3.1 the mensuration of soybean sheet main component
The mensuration of moisture: according to GB/T14489.1-2008; The mensuration of crude protein: according to GB/T14489.2-2008; Fat test: according to GB/T5009.6-2003; Ash determination: according to GB/T5505-2008; Crude fibre is measured: according to GB/T22224-2008
1.3.2 technological process (as shown in Figure 1)
The soybean sheet is pulverized rear with the processing of extruder extrusion, described soybean sheet water content 5%-30%, 40-120 ℃ of described extruder sleeve temperature, screw speed 60-140r/min, nib aperture 5-30mm, material ether defatting behind the extrusion, 90 ℃ of high temperature precipitations were pulverized 60 mesh sieves behind the dry 5h;
Material after sieving is carried out in various degree ultramicro grinding, soybean materials diameter of particle after the ultramicro grinding is:〉200 μ m, 100 μ m～200 μ m, 50 μ m～100 μ m, 20 μ m～50 μ m or＜20 μ m, adding water stirs, regulate pH to 8.5 with alkali, centrifugal treating obtains filter residue and filtrate;
Centrifugal gained filtrate is with acid for adjusting pH to 4.5, and centrifugal treating obtains filter residue precipitation and filtrate, and the finished product soybean protein is pulverized to get in the freeze drying of gained filter residue precipitation.
1.3.3 computing formula
2 results and discussion
2.1 material moisture is on the impact of protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans in the extrusion
It is 90 ℃ in extrusion middle sleeve temperature, screw speed is 100r/min, the nib aperture is under the 18mm condition, investigates material moisture to protein isolate NSI (nitrogen soluble index) and PDI(protein dispersibility index in the high temperature dregs of beans) impact, the results are shown in Figure 2.Can find out that by Fig. 2 result material moisture protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans 20% time has higher value, so material moisture is defined as 20% in the experiment below.
2.2 extrusion middle sleeve temperature is on the impact of protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans
Material moisture is 20% in extrusion, screw speed is 100r/min, the nib aperture is under the 18mm condition, investigates the sleeve temperature to protein isolate NSI (nitrogen soluble index) and PDI(protein dispersibility index in the high temperature dregs of beans) impact, the results are shown in Figure 3.Can find out that by Fig. 3 result thing sleeve temperature protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans 60 ℃ the time has higher value, so experiment middle sleeve temperature below is defined as 60 ℃.
2.3 the twin-screw rotating speed is on the impact of protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans in the extrusion
Be 60 ℃ in extrusion middle sleeve temperature, material moisture is 20%, and the nib aperture is under the 18mm condition, investigates screw speed to protein isolate NSI (nitrogen soluble index) and PDI(protein dispersibility index in the high temperature dregs of beans) impact, the results are shown in Figure 4.Can find out that by Fig. 4 result screw speed protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans when the 80r/min has higher value, so the twin-screw rotating speed is defined as 80r/min in the experiment below.
2.4 the nib aperture is on the impact of protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans in the extrusion
It is 60 ℃ in extrusion middle sleeve temperature, screw speed is 80r/min, material moisture is under 20% condition, investigates the nib aperture to protein isolate NSI (nitrogen soluble index) and PDI(protein dispersibility index in the high temperature dregs of beans) impact, the results are shown in Figure 5.Can find out that by Fig. 5 result nib aperture protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans when the 18mm has higher value, so the nib aperture is defined as 18mm in the experiment below.
2.5 ultramicro grinding is on the impact of protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans
The high temperature dregs of beans of coarse crushing is moved in the micronizer, do not add any anticaking agent, grinding aid, it is carried out in various degree dry pulverization process, obtain the ultrafine powder of different-grain diameter scope.Get in the container that an amount of powder places laser particle analyzer, adopt distilled water as dispersant, with ultrasonic wave powder is disperseed, particle diameter and the particle diameter thereof of measuring powder distribute.Raw material being carried out respectively the ultramicro grinding of varying strength processes, obtain the peanut meal powder of different-grain diameter scope, and by average grain diameter, namely the magnitude range of d (0.5) is divided into five classes with it:〉200 μ m, 100 μ m～200 μ m, 50 μ m～100 μ m, 20 μ m～50 μ m,＜20 μ m.Investigate in the different-grain diameter scope protein isolate NSI (nitrogen soluble index) and PDI(protein dispersibility index in the high temperature dregs of beans) impact, the results are shown in Figure 6.Can find out that by Fig. 6 result powder particle diameter protein isolate quality in the high temperature dregs of beans when the 20 μ m～50 μ m has higher value, so the ultramicro grinding particle diameter is defined as 20 μ m～50 μ m.
Above-described embodiment is described preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not breaking away from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. an extrusion combines with ultramicro grinding and produces the method for soybean protein isolate, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the soybean sheet being pulverized the rear extruder extrusion of using processes, described soybean sheet water content 5%-30%, 40-120 ℃ of described extruder sleeve temperature, screw speed 60-140r/min, nib aperture 5-30mm, material ether defatting behind the extrusion, 90 ℃ of high temperature precipitations were pulverized 60 mesh sieves behind the dry 5h;
(2) material after will sieving carries out ultramicro grinding in various degree, soybean materials diameter of particle after the ultramicro grinding is:〉200 μ m, 100 μ m～200 μ m, 50 μ m～100 μ m, 20 μ m～50 μ m or＜20 μ m, adding water stirs, regulate pH to 8.5 with alkali, centrifugal treating obtains filter residue and filtrate;
(3) centrifugal gained filtrate is with acid for adjusting pH to 4.5, and centrifugal treating obtains filter residue precipitation and filtrate, and the finished product soybean protein is pulverized to get in the freeze drying of gained filter residue precipitation.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: soybean sheet water content is 20% in the described step (1), and described extruder sleeve temperature is 60 ℃, screw speed 80r/min, nib aperture 18mm.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: preferred described diameter of particle is 20um-50um in the described step (2).
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Cited By (3)
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| CN104045684A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-17 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | Production process for extracting snakegourd fruit seed proteins |
| CN111346703A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-06-30 | 唐山中宏康远科技有限公司 | Wheat bran double wall-breaking processing technology |
| CN112385778A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-23 | 东北农业大学 | Preparation method of soybean paste |
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| CN102229851A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-11-02 | 东北农业大学 | Extraction method of soybean oil |
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| CN101692887A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-14 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of ultrafine edible mung bean protein powder |
| CN102229851A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-11-02 | 东北农业大学 | Extraction method of soybean oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104045684A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-17 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | Production process for extracting snakegourd fruit seed proteins |
| CN111346703A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-06-30 | 唐山中宏康远科技有限公司 | Wheat bran double wall-breaking processing technology |
| CN112385778A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-23 | 东北农业大学 | Preparation method of soybean paste |
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