CN102843708A - Method for checking coverage quality of wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Method for checking coverage quality of wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN102843708A CN102843708A CN2011101700623A CN201110170062A CN102843708A CN 102843708 A CN102843708 A CN 102843708A CN 2011101700623 A CN2011101700623 A CN 2011101700623A CN 201110170062 A CN201110170062 A CN 201110170062A CN 102843708 A CN102843708 A CN 102843708A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for checking the coverage quality of a wireless sensor network. The method is used for evaluating the coverage quality of a wireless sensor network comprising a plurality of sensor nodes and gateway nodes. A weak coverage area is obtained and repaired according to the required coverage quality Q *. Each sensor node (a) checks whether a belt-shaped zone Zn(11(a),1) from a left-most cross line (a) to a cross line 1 and a belt-shaped zone Zn (11 (a), 1') from a right-most cross line r1 (a) to a cross line 1' is a non-k-fence covering sensing boundary zone, and checks whether a belt-shaped zone Zn (a, b) between a sensor node (a) and a contiguous sensor node (b) is a critical k-fence covering sensing boundary area of which the length is less than Q*, and the network coverage quality is confirmed by the gateway nodes according to the checked results of each sensor node (a). Through quantizing and positioning the coverage quality, the method for checking the coverage quality of the wireless sensor network can effectively solve the problems of no method for measuring the coverage quality, and coverage redundancy or waste caused by repair.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to wireless sensor network, especially relate to a kind of method that wireless sensor network covers weakness zone that detects and repair.
[background technology]
In recent years, radio sensing network has obtained fast development, particularly covers for the fence that the belt-like zone monitoring is provided and has carried out broad research.Like in July, 2003, the U.S. arranges a lot of sensor nodes in border patrol circle littoral along Mexico, thereby detects the invador who steals into another country the border.If in banded perception zone, the invador is no matter along which paths can both be arrived by k sensor, and then claiming to provide the k-fence to cover in band shape perception zone.Yet because a variety of causes, such as environment obstacle, the excessively influence of use, node energy, feasible when the invador gets into this perception zone thereby a lot of sensing node can lose efficacy, can not guarantee can both be by k sensor, and promptly the fence covering performance reduces.
When covering performance descended, whether current covering quality can meet the covering requirement, does not still have standards of measurement.
In addition, when the perception zone had node failure to cause whole regional fence covering performance to reduce, traditional method was that whole overlay area is repaired.For example, use a collection of new sensor node that whole zone is covered one time again.So not only increased the cost of repairing greatly, and for zone originally in proper working order, these " redundancy " nodes also cause the waste of significant amount of energy.
[summary of the invention]
Based on this, be necessary to provide a kind of method that detects the wireless sensor network covering quality.
A kind of method that detects the wireless sensor network covering quality is used for the covering quality of the wireless sensor network that comprises a plurality of sensor nodes and gateway node is estimated, according to desired covering quality Q
*Obtain and repair the covering weakness zone, comprise the steps:
Gateway node obtains the shape information of whole wireless sensor network, obtains belt-like zone, said belt-like zone have parallel two curved boundaries and with the left margin and the right margin of said curved boundary quadrature;
Each sensor node a calculates the most left cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a), and said belt-like zone is Zn (ll (a), rl (a)) by the region representation of the most left said cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a) intercepting;
Sensor node a carries out following steps:
Detect from the most left cross line ll (a) to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l (whether ll (a) is non-k-fence covering perception borderline region l), wherein cross line l between the most left cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a),
Whether detect Zi the rightest cross line rl (a) is that non-k-fence covers the perception borderline region to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l ' (ll (a), l ');
(whether a is that a length is less than Q b) to belt-like zone Zn between the detecting sensor node a sensor node b adjacent with it
*Critical k-fence cover the perception borderline region;
For non-k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (ll (a), l), Zn (ll (a), l '), critical k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (a, b), sensor node a reports gateway node;
Gateway node if receive non-k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (ll (a), l), Zn (ll (a), l '); Then the covering quality of wireless sensor network is expressed as and has leak; Otherwise, if receive critical k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (a, b); Then covering quality is updated to current covering quality and regional Zn (a, the smaller value in length b).
Preferably, whether said detection is that the step that non-k-fence covers the perception borderline region specifically comprises Zi the rightest cross line rl (a) to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l ' (ll (a), l '):
If (rl (a) has no sensor node among the l "), wherein V at regional Zn
L "=V
Rl (a)+ max{Q
*, r
Max, so with Zn (rl (a),?) be expressed as non-k-fence and cover the perception borderline region, wherein "? " Expression node a does not know the right margin that this is regional, r
MaxThe maximum perceived distance that refers to sensor node a;
Otherwise, node a through regional Zn (rl (a), other node obtains the information of l ' among the l "), whether surveyed area Zn (rl (a), l ') satisfies the k-fence and covers then.
Preferably, comprise that further obtaining repairing area tabulates:
If exist in the data that sensor node reports any Zn (ll (a), l), (tabulation is then added in a, b) zone to for Zn (rl (a), l ') and Zn;
If comprise in the data that report Zn (rl (a),?), if the most left cross line ll (b) of sensor node b is on the right of the rightest cross line rl (a) of sensor node a; And it is nearest from rl (a); So regional Zn (rl (a), ll (b)) is added in the tabulation, otherwise with Zn (rl (a); L ') add in the tabulation, wherein cross line l ' is the right margin of belt-like zone;
If gateway node is not received any data that report, then whole belt-like zone is added in the tabulation.
Through covering quality being quantized and locating, can effectively solve the problem that covering quality could be weighed and cover redundancy or repair waste.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the detection wireless sensor network covering quality of an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a kind of wireless sensor network structural representation;
The banded overlay area that Fig. 3 forms for wireless sensor network;
Fig. 4 (a) is the perception zone relative position sketch map of two sensor nodes to Fig. 4 (c).
[embodiment]
As shown in Figure 1, be the method flow diagram of the detection wireless sensor network covering quality of an embodiment.This method is used for the covering quality of the wireless sensor network that comprises a plurality of sensor nodes and gateway node is estimated, according to desired covering quality Q
*Obtain and repair the covering weakness zone.
As shown in Figure 2, be a kind of wireless sensor network structural representation.Each sensor node 10 all has perception zone 102 and (is the border circular areas of dotted line shown in the figure; But the perception zone is not necessary for circle; Also can be other shapes); The object that gets into perception zone 102 all can be detected by sensor node 10, and can communicate by letter between the adjacent sensor node 10.Gateway node 20 places the key position of network, makes each sensor node 10 to communicate by letter with at least one gateway node 20.
Detection method based on above-mentioned wireless sensor network specifically comprises the steps:
S100: gateway node obtains the shape information of whole wireless sensor network, obtains belt-like zone.When making up wireless sensor network, the layout of sensor node can adopt dual mode: dispose at random and plan to dispose.After the fixed-site of sensor node, gateway node can obtain the shape information of whole wireless sensor network through communicating by letter with sensor node.Usually can form the belt-like zone of a smooth curved, as shown in Figure 3.Below this belt-like zone 30 is carried out related description:
This belt-like zone has 4 borders; Comprise that two parallel curves (are called coboundary and lower boundary respectively; Coboundary 301 as shown in Figure 3, lower boundary 302) and two cooperate this belt-like zone of sealing and with the straight line (being respectively left margin and right margin, left margin 303 as shown in Figure 3, right margin 304) of coboundary and lower boundary quadrature.
Center line: the center line of belt-like zone 30 is curves, and is parallel with lower boundary 302 with coboundary 301, and between coboundary 301 and lower boundary 302, center line 305 as shown in Figure 3.The two ends of center line are called left end point and right endpoint.
Pass through path and cross line:, just claim that this path is for passing through the path if a paths passes through a parallel boundary to another parallel boundary.If the length of passing through the path equals the width of belt-like zone, then it and parallel boundary quadrature.It must be straight line that quadrature passes through the path, is also referred to as cross line, cross line 306 as shown in Figure 3.
The coordinate of cross line:, make V for a cross line l
lFor from the center line left end point to center line and the length in the crosspoint of cross line l.V
lCoordinate as cross line l.
The k-fence covers: if one pass through the path with
At leastIntersect in the perception zone of k different sensors node, claims that then this passes through the path is that k-covers.If in a sensing network, all pass the path of passing through of belt-like zone and are carried out the k-covering by the transducer in the network, claim that then this sensing network provides the k-fence on the belt-like zone to cover.
The zone: regional Z is a section of belt-like zone.Its two borders overlap with two parallel lines of belt-like zone; And the two other border is the quadrature ruler, is called the left and right border of regional Z respectively.The length of zone Z is designated as S
Z, be the length of center line in the regional Z.
The local k-fence of L-covers: for a nonnegative number word L and a positive integer k, if all length is that the zone of L is that the k-fence covers in a belt-like zone, then this belt-like zone is that the local k-fence of L-covers.
K-fence covering quality: the k-fence covering quality Q that the sensor network of layout can provide
kBe defined as the L value that belt-like zone satisfies the maximum of the local k-fence covering of L-, i.e. Q
k=max{L: belt-like zone is that the local k-fence of L-covers }.If for the L value of any non-zero, belt-like zone is not that the local k-fence of L-covers, then Q
k=-1.
S200: each sensor node a calculates the most left cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a).The most left cross line ll (a) in sensor node a perception zone is a cross line that intersects and have min coordinates axle value with the perception zone, and the rightest cross line rl (a) in sensor node a perception zone is a cross line that intersects and have maximum coordinates axle value with the perception zone.In the cross line that all and sensor node a intersect, the most left cross line ll (a) reference axis is minimum, and the reference axis value of the rightest cross line rl (a) is maximum.Belt-like zone 30 is Zn (ll (a), rl (a)) by the region representation of the most left cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a) intercepting.
S300: sensor node a detects (whether ll (a) is that non-k-fence covers the perception borderline region l) to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l Zi the most left cross line ll (a).
At this, the borderline region of definition perception earlier.Represent the set of the most left cross line of all the sensors, the rightest cross line and belt-like zone left margin, right margin with D.All cross lines are expressed as l among the D
0, l
1..., l
n, according to
Sequence arrangement, l wherein
0, l
nBe respectively left margin, the right margin of belt-like zone, overlapping if the perception zone of two sensor nodes has, cross line l that then maybe be adjacent
I-1, l
iBe respectively the most left cross line in the perception zone of two adjacent sensor nodes.With Zn (l
I-1, l
i) be defined as perception borderline region (1≤i≤n).
Wherein cross line l is between the most left cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a); Therefore regional
Zn (ll (a); L) be a perception borderline region; Then cross line l possibly be the rightest cross line rl (a) (shown in Fig. 4 (a)) of sensor node a, also possibly be the most left cross line ll (b) (shown in Fig. 4 (b)) or the rightest cross line rl (b) (shown in Fig. 4 (c)) of another sensor node b.
This step is that (whether ll (a) is that non-k-fence covers l) to detection senses borderline region Zn.Based on mathematical theory, as perception borderline region Zn (l
I-1, l
i) existence one and l
I-1And l
iDisjoint path of passing through is covered by the k-fence, then perception borderline region Zn (l
I-1, l
i) be that the k-fence covers.Therefore, only need to detect one and l
I-1And l
iWhether disjoint path of passing through can be known by the covering of k-fence (whether ll (a) is that non-k-fence covers l) to Zn.
L among the Zn (l, rl (a)) is ll (b) or the rl (b) of other transducers b, is responsible for detection by other transducers.The method that detects is with this step.
Whether S400: detecting Zi the rightest cross line rl (a) is that non-k-fence covers the perception borderline region to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l ' (ll (a), l ').
For this regional right margin, node a possibly not know whether detect Zn (rl (a), l ') so is that non-k-fence covering perception borderline region carries out according to following steps.
If (rl (a) has no sensor node among the l "), wherein V at regional Zn
L "=V
Rl (a)+ max{Q
*, r
Max, so with Zn (rl (a),?) be expressed as non-k-fence and cover the perception borderline region, wherein "? " Expression node a does not know the right margin that this is regional.
Otherwise, node a can pass through regional Zn (rl (a), other node obtains l ' information among the l "), whether surveyed area Zn (rl (a), l ') satisfies the k-fence and covers then.
S500: (whether a is that a length is less than Q b) to the belt-like zone Zn between the detecting sensor node a sensor node b adjacent with it
*Critical k-fence cover the perception borderline region.
Sensor node a, (a, V (is only worked as in the zone that b) is defined as from ll (a) to rl (b) to the regional Zn between the b
Ll (a)≤V
Rl (b)The time, and work as V
Ll (a)＞V
Rl (b)The time, Zn (a b) does not exist).
Critical k-fence covers: when regional Zn (a, when b) satisfying following three conditions, (a b) is called critical k-fence overlay area: (a b) is the covering of k-fence to (1) Zn to regional Zn; (2) have δ＞0, make Zn (a, the zone of b) expanding the zone of δ left or expanding δ to the right is the k-fence and covers; (3), make that (a, the zone of b) expanding simultaneously ε left and to the right is not that the k-fence covers to Zn for any ε＞0.Wherein, expansion left is meant that (a, left margin ll (a) b) extends, and expands being meant that (a, right margin rl (b) b) extends with Zn to the right to the right with Zn left.
At first definite Zn (whether a is that a critical k-fence covers the perception borderline region b):
Seek sensor node a ', the b ' adjacent with sensor node b with sensor node a; Wherein the most left cross line ll of sensor node a ' (a ') be positioned at sensor node a the most left cross line ll (a) the left side and near ll (a), the rightest cross line rl of sensor node b ' (b ') be positioned at sensor node b the rightest cross line rl (b) the right and near rl (b).
Judge regional Zn (a ', b), whether Zn (a, b '), Zn (a ', b ') they all are that the k-fence covers.If satisfy Zn (a ', b), Zn (a, b ') covers for the k-fence, and Zn (a ', b ') is not that the k-fence covers, then Zn (a is that a critical k-fence covers the perception borderline region b), otherwise Zn (a b) is not a critical k-fence covering perception borderline region.
(a b) is a critical k-fence when covering the perception borderline region, and (a, whether length b) is less than desired covering quality Q to judge Zn as Zn
*
S600: for non-k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (ll (a), l), Zn (ll (a), l '), critical k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (a, b), sensor node a reports gateway node.
S700: gateway node covers perception borderline region Zn (ll (a) l), (ll (a), l '), then is expressed as the covering quality of wireless sensor network that to have leak (be Q if receive non-k-fence
k=-1), otherwise, cover perception borderline region Zn (a, b), (a, the smaller value in length b) (is Q then covering quality to be updated to current covering quality and regional Zn if receive critical k-fence
k=min{Q
k, S
Zn (a, b)), S wherein
Zn (a, b)(a, length b) is expressed as: center line is by the length of the rightest cross line rl (b) intercepting of the most left cross line ll (a) of node a and node b for regional Zn.Covering quality is relevant with sensor node, reports the sensor node of corresponding data just can learn the covering quality weakness zone through analysis.
Through covering quality being quantized and locating, can effectively solve the problem that covering quality could be weighed and cover redundancy or repair waste.
After gateway node is received the data that report of a sensor node a, need the tabulation L of repairing area according to the following steps renewal:
If (rll (a), l), (to tabulation L is added them in a, b) zone for Zn (rl (a), l ') and Zn to have any Zn in the data that report.
If comprise in the data that report Zn (rl (a),?), gateway node need be found out this regional right margin so.Oriented gateway send in the node of feedback report; Suppose the most left cross line ll (b) of sensor node b the right at the rightest cross line rl (a) of sensor node a; And it is nearest from rl (a); So regional Zn (rl (a), ll (b)) is regarded as a non-k-fence and covers the perception borderline region, and add among the tabulation L.If such node b does not exist, so regional Zn (rl (a), l ') is regarded as non-k-fence and covers the perception borderline region, and add tabulation to, wherein l ' is the right margin of belt-like zone.
Have two kinds of special circumstances should be noted that: at first, gateway need detect the perception borderline region that begins from the belt-like zone left margin and whether be the covering of k-fence, if not, then add it to tabulation L.Secondly, if gateway is not received the feedback report of any node, just meaning in the whole belt-like zone does not have live-vertex yet, and gateway adds whole belt-like zone to tabulation L so.
At last, comprised the covering weakness zone that needs are repaired in the tabulation.
The above embodiment has only expressed several kinds of execution modes of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with accompanying claims.
Claims (3)
1. method that detects the wireless sensor network covering quality is used for the covering quality of the wireless sensor network that comprises a plurality of sensor nodes and gateway node is estimated, according to desired covering quality Q
*Obtain and repair the covering weakness zone, comprise the steps:
Gateway node obtains the shape information of whole wireless sensor network, obtains belt-like zone, said belt-like zone have parallel two curved boundaries and with the left margin and the right margin of said curved boundary quadrature;
Each sensor node a calculates the most left cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a), and said belt-like zone is Zn (ll (a), rl (a)) by the region representation of the most left said cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a) intercepting;
Sensor node a carries out following steps:
Detect from the most left cross line ll (a) to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l (whether ll (a) is non-k-fence covering perception borderline region l), wherein cross line l between the most left cross line ll (a) and the rightest cross line rl (a),
Whether detect Zi the rightest cross line rl (a) is that non-k-fence covers the perception borderline region to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l ' (ll (a), l ');
(whether a is that a length is less than Q b) to belt-like zone Zn between the detecting sensor node a sensor node b adjacent with it
*Critical k-fence cover the perception borderline region;
For non-k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (ll (a), l) Zn (ll (a), l '), critical k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (a, b), sensor node a reports gateway node;
Gateway node covers perception borderline region Zn (ll (a), l) Zn (ll (a), l ') if receive non-k-fence; Then the covering quality of wireless sensor network is expressed as and has leak; Otherwise, if receive critical k-fence cover perception borderline region Zn (a, b); Then covering quality is updated to current covering quality and regional Zn (a, the smaller value in length b).
2. the method for detection wireless sensor network covering quality as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Whether said detection is that the step that non-k-fence covers the perception borderline region specifically comprises Zi the rightest cross line rl (a) to the belt-like zone Zn the cross line l ' (ll (a), l '):
If (rl (a) has no sensor node among the l "), wherein V at regional Zn
L "=V
Rl (a)+ max{Q
*, r
Max, so with Zn (rl (a),?) be expressed as non-k-fence and cover the perception borderline region, wherein "? " Expression node a does not know the right margin that this is regional, r
MaxThe maximum perceived distance that refers to sensor node a;
Otherwise, node a through regional Zn (rl (a), other node obtains the information of l ' among the l "), whether surveyed area Zn (rl (a), l ') satisfies the k-fence and covers then.
3. the method for detection wireless sensor network covering quality as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, further comprises obtaining the repairing area tabulation:
If exist in the data that sensor node reports any Zn (ll (a), l), (tabulation is then added in a, b) zone to for Zn (rl (a), l ') and Zn;
If comprise in the data that report Zn (rl (a),?), if the most left cross line ll (b) of sensor node b is on the right of the rightest cross line rl (a) of sensor node a; And it is nearest from rl (a); So regional Zn (rl (a), ll (b)) is added in the tabulation, otherwise with Zn (rl (a); L ') add in the tabulation, wherein cross line l ' is the right margin of belt-like zone;
If gateway node is not received any data that report, then whole belt-like zone is added in the tabulation.
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| CN105898700A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-24 | 中山大学 | Energy-saving barrier coverage method for mobile sensing nodes on two-dimensional plane |
| CN106507374A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 浙江工业大学 | The WSN fence intensifying methods of secondary deployment |
| CN108174403A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-06-15 | 东南大学 | A kind of k- covering hole detection methods of wireless sensor network |
| CN109905841A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-06-18 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of strong fence construction method of the directional sensor network of node high usage |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104735682A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Directional K-barrier establishing method based on select box |
| CN104735682B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2018-02-13 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of oriented K fence construction method based on choice box |
| CN105554775A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-04 | 南京邮电大学 | Directional sensor network fence fixing method based on mobile node |
| CN105554775B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2019-01-11 | 南京邮电大学 | Directional sensor network fence restorative procedure based on mobile node |
| CN105898700A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-24 | 中山大学 | Energy-saving barrier coverage method for mobile sensing nodes on two-dimensional plane |
| CN105898700B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-02-12 | 中山大学 | The energy saving fence covering method of mobile sensing node on two-dimensional surface |
| CN106507374A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 浙江工业大学 | The WSN fence intensifying methods of secondary deployment |
| CN106507374B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-10-29 | 浙江工业大学 | The WSN fence intensifying method of secondary deployment |
| CN108174403A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-06-15 | 东南大学 | A kind of k- covering hole detection methods of wireless sensor network |
| CN109905841A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-06-18 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of strong fence construction method of the directional sensor network of node high usage |
| CN109905841B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for constructing strong fence of directed sensor network with high node utilization rate |
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Application publication date: 20121226 |