CN102842303B - Microporous-fiber composite sound absorbing board - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a microporous-fiber composite sound absorbing board, belonging to the field of instruments for absorbing noises through adopting the resonance principle. The sound absorbing board has a good low-frequency sound absorbing effect, and the sound absorbing coefficient of the sound absorbing board is larger than 0.5 at 125Hz. Compared with an aluminum fiber absorbing board, the sound absorbing board has a wider absorbing absorption band. The sound absorbing coefficient of the sound absorbing board is not smaller than 0.4 at 250-1600Hz. The composite sound absorbing board is formed by compounding a micro-perforated board with an aluminum fiber board and adopts a double-resonance coupling structure. The micro-perforated board is connected with the aluminum fiber board through a keel frame to form a first resonating cavity, and the aluminum fiber board is connected with a wall through the keel frame to form a second resonating cavity. The micro-perforated board and the aluminum fiber board are coupled through a resonance peak to achieve the purposes of increasing the low-frequency sound absorbing effect and expanding the absorbing absorption band. The composite sound absorbing board adopting an all aluminum structure has the characteristic of good recycling, and the problems of aging, dropping and the like do not exist. The sound absorbing board also has the characteristic of good heat conduction, and is convenient for equipment to dissipate heat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the instrument field utilizing resonance principle absorption of noise, specifically relate to a kind of microporous fiber composite acoustic board.
Background technology
Along with the development of urbanization process and the enhancing of resident's environmental consciousness, transformer station's noise problem progressively rises to the problem that operation of power networks department needs to face.At present, no matter be transformer substation in city or rural transformer station, along with the growing tension of land resource, transformer station's neighboring buildings and the density of population all progressively rise, this also objectively causes the reason that transformer station's noise becomes the focus that some city dwellers complain to environmental administration, and complaining to the higher authorities about an injustice and request fair settlement of causing thus increases severely with Mass disturbance and day.In " the State Council's environment Macroscopic Strategy " put into effect, power industry transformer station has clearly been classified as noise regulation emphasis.
At present, transformer station of China (current conversion station) noise source is mainly the generation of transformer, reactor, wave filter and blower fan cooling device.Wherein, fan noise, based on high-frequency noises, adopts traditional acoustic damping materials such as rock wool and measure effectively to be administered.But the noise that transformer, high voltage reactor and wave filter produce is based on the medium and low frequency electromagnetic noise within the scope of 125-500Hz octave.From research management experience in the past, this Middle and low frequency noise wavelength is larger, slow with range attenuation, strong to ordinarily resident's building penetration power, adopt traditional acoustic damping materials and sound insulation measure to reach the new low-frequency noise emission limit promulgated in GB12348-2008 standard by being difficult to.Even if take generally to use good acoustic damping materials and measure at present, the resident far away apart from transformer station, its noise effect be subject at home is still difficult reaches the new national standard limit value promulgated.Have data to show, after popularization extra-high voltage electric transmission and transformation technology, this situation that exceeds standard will show more obvious.According to China's law, factory outside noise exceedes the noise emission standard of national regulation, and disturbs factory's out-of-bounds other people normal life, working and learning, and enterprise must pay noise and to exceed standard blowdown punishment expense, and compensates resident's loss.Therefore business economic caused damage for avoiding and avoids noise to disturb resident, being necessary to adopt novel acoustic absorbant or novel sound absorption structure to carry out noise abatement.
Allly have stronger absorption acoustic energy, the material of reducing noise performance just can be classified as acoustic absorbant, acoustical absorption coefficient should be greater than 02 in principle.Porosint is widely used in noise reduction as effective acoustic absorbant, and such as, material as glass mat and microperforated panel has been used to absorb the noise in air.
Known by the investigation of transformer station self military service feature, the acoustic absorbant needed for transformer station's noise abatement should possess performance following features:
There is certain physical strength;
For medium and low frequency (mainly at 125-500Hz), there is excellent acoustically effective;
Not climate environmental impact, in high humility area, acoustical absorption coefficient does not decline because of moist;
Heat-transfer effect is good, is beneficial to equipment cooling;
Service life is long, not easily ageing failure;
Safety and environmental protection, is easy to reclaim;
Quality is little, is convenient to mounting arrangements;
Comprehensive use cost is low.
Traditional acoustic absorbant generally comprises glass wool, mineral cotton and rock wool etc.This kind of material has good medium-high frequency sound absorbing capabilities, and there is light weight, do not fire, be stale-proof, the not easily characteristic such as aging, cheap, thus instead of natural fiber acoustic absorbant, obtain in acoustic engineering and apply widely.The major defect of this kind of material is the pollution of its micronic dust for environment.
As rock wool/glass wool class acoustic absorbant does not have intensity, easily makes moist, substantially do not absorb sound after making moist.Easy aging contaminated environment, under some service condition, namely 2-3 started the volatilization of rock wool micronic dust, on average will pollute very serious less than 10 years.
Rock wool fibers is huge for personnel's harm, and the workman of contact glass wool, rock wool, mineral wool all can occur that x line rabat changes, i.e. pneumoconiosis change, lung function tests FVC (FEV) is lower than normally.The inspection of docking contact glass fiber Workers ' Lung biopsy pathology shows there is glass fibre dust cell stove in lung tissue, glue unit is slight hyperplasia, lung cancer, pulmonary abscess.
Except above-mentioned environmental issue, also there is following shortcoming in mineral fibres acoustic absorbant:
Poor thermal conductivity: the coefficient of heat conductivity of rock wool glass wool is very low, is commonly used for insulation material, and the heat radiation for substation equipment is unfavorable;
Without intensity, need fender: the intensity of rock wool glass wool is very low, can not bear own wt alone, need at external sheath protective seam and framework;
Medium and low frequency acoustical absorption coefficient is low: for Middle and low frequency noise, especially below 500Hz frequency noise, and its acoustical absorption coefficient is generally below 0.3, and efficiency is lower;
Easily affected by environment: rock wool glass wool acoustic absorbant declines larger for the acoustical absorption coefficient of high frequency noise after being moistened; even completely without acoustically effective; because protective seam outside plate needs a large amount of perforate; to ensure that sound wave imports into; therefore can not completely rock wool glass wool be sealed, namely cannot solve the problem of making moist very well.
The traditional acoustic absorbant of domestic extensive employing at present carries out sound absorption and administers, and as rock wool, glass wool, actual use amount accounts for more than 90% of whole acoustic absorbant share.
Except traditional acoustic absorbant, in some importance engineering or have in the engineering of particular requirement to Noise measarement, also use some novel acoustic absorbants, as foam metal, spray fiber etc.Foam metal acoustic absorbant price is higher, is unfavorable for large-scale promotion; Though spray fiber has good low frequency absorption performance, price is high, poor heat conductivity, is unfavorable for being on active service in power transmission and transformation field equally.
It is excellent that metal fibre plate has heat transfer, light weight, by technique adjustment for features such as low-frequency noise sound absorptions, and technique is relatively simple, comprehensive production cost is low, be widely used in traffic noise reduction abroad, at present, the domestic development also paying attention to metal fibre acoustic absorbant gradually, but it is still not enough for the acoustically effective of the low-frequency noise of transformer station fundamental frequency 125Hz-500Hz, by adjusting process parameter as surface density, roll gap, absorption crest effectively can be moved on to medium and low frequency by the influence conditions such as fibre diameter, but now absorption band is narrower, generally namely occur absorbing trough at about 1000-1200Hz, therefore also need to be adjusted by version.
In sound absorption structure, domestic have better basis at present in theoretical research, based on the microperforated absorber theory that Ma Dayou academician delivers, develop a collection of microperforated absorber with advanced level.And follow-uply on this basis develop and optimize.Resonance sound-absorbing structure is the most common with all kinds of perforated plate, and perforated microstructure utilizes Helmholtz resonator principle, consumes the acoustic energy of sound wave, to reduce noise by occurring to resonate with sound wave.The several factors such as aperture size, distribution mode, arrangement density of perforated microstructure all can have an impact to the acoustically effective of structure.Simple individual layer Micropunch Acoustic Board combines with back of the body chamber still cannot reach good effect of low-frequency sound absorption.
The patent of invention of application number 201010191493.3, " a kind of fibers passing through micropores perforated plate and preparation method thereof " by name, its technical scheme provides a kind of fibers passing through micropores perforated plate and preparation method thereof, effect acquired by embodiment is at 125Hz, acoustical absorption coefficient, below 0.1, can not meet the requirement of low frequency absorption.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of microporous fiber composite acoustic board, and sound-absorbing composite board is a kind of double resonance coupled structure, and microperforated panel and aluminum fiberboard reach raising effect of low-frequency sound absorption by the coupling of resonance peak, expands the object of sound sucting band.It is good that described microporous fiber composite acoustic board has effect of low-frequency sound absorption, and at 125Hz, its acoustical absorption coefficient is greater than 0.5; Have wider absorption band compared with aluminum fiber acoustic board, at 250Hz-1600Hz, acoustical absorption coefficient is not less than 0.4; Described acoustic board is all-aluminium construction, is beneficial to the environmental protection characteristic recycled, and has good recovery characteristic, and do not exist aging, the problem such as come off; In addition, described acoustic board also has good thermal conduction characteristic, is convenient to equipment cooling.
For realizing the object of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of microporous fiber composite acoustic board, described acoustic board comprises microperforated panel and aluminum fiberboard; Its improvements are that described sound-absorbing composite board is double resonance coupled structure, are connected to form the first resonating cativty between described microperforated panel and aluminum fiberboard by keel, described aluminum fiberboard be connected to form the second resonating cativty by keel between the walls; Described microperforated panel is aluminium sheet.
Another optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: the interplanar distance between described microperforated panel and aluminum fiberboard is 20-80mm.
Another optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: described aluminum fiberboard is 20-180mm with interplanar distance between the walls.
Another optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: the thickness of slab of described microperforated panel is 0.5-1mm, and aperture is 0.5-1.5mm, and pitch of holes is 2-20mm.
Another optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: the surface density of described aluminum fiberboard is 300-800g/m
2, fibre diameter is 70-150 μm.
Another optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: described aluminum fiberboard comprises aluminium expanded sheets, aluminum fiber, aluminium foil and aluminium expanded sheets four layer material successively along plate face normal direction.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention comprises:
1) low frequency absorption coefficient is improved
The vibrational power flow of described acoustic board has the first resonating cativty and the second resonating cativty, and the thickness of two resonating cativties and microperforated panel and aluminum fiberboard forms double resonance system, and it is minimum at 125Hz acoustical absorption coefficient is 0.523, significantly improves low frequency absorption coefficient;
2) sound sucting band is widened
Because acoustic board of the present invention is microperforated panel and aluminum fiberboard two kinds resonance material, the acoustic board structure of sound-absorbing composite board is double resonance coupled structure, makes the resonant frequency of its vibrational system at 125Hz-1600Hz, and minimum acoustical absorption coefficient is 0.42;
3) there is the feature recycled
The composition aluminum fiberboard of sound-absorbing composite board and microperforated panel are all-aluminium construction, have good recovery characteristic, and do not exist aging, the problem such as come off;
4) excellent radiation performance
Heat Transfer for Aluminum is excellent, is convenient to the heat radiation of equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is microporous fiber composite acoustic board structural representation;
Fig. 2 is aluminum fiberboard structural representation;
Fig. 3 is acoustic board 1# absorption coefficient curve figure;
Fig. 4 is acoustic board 2# absorption coefficient curve figure;
Fig. 5 is acoustic board 3# absorption coefficient curve figure;
Fig. 6 is acoustic board 4# absorption coefficient curve figure;
Reference numeral:
1-microperforated panel, 2-aluminum fiberboard, 3-keel shoe, 4-aluminum fiber, 5-aluminium foil, 6-aluminium expanded sheets, 7-first resonating cativty, 8-second resonating cativty;
SAC-acoustical absorption coefficient.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention will be described in detail.
Described micropore-fiber sound absorption plate is a kind of double resonance coupled structure, and two kinds of resonance sound-absorbing materials reach raising effect of low-frequency sound absorption by the coupling of resonance peak, expands the object of sound sucting band.
1) by microperforated panel 1 and the aluminum fiberboard 2 of Optimizing Technical preparation standard, respectively acoustical behavior test is carried out to microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2 subsequently, grasp the corresponding relation of two kinds of acoustic board technological parameters and sound absorption characteristics;
2) subsequently on the basis that early stage measures mass data, set up acoustic model, the two parameter is optimized again by simulation, instructs the determination of composite sound absorbing board parameter.And by actual measurement constantly to Modifying model, reach the object improving simulation accuracy.Finally after a large amount of screening of surveying and simulate, obtain optimal procedure parameters, prepare microporous fiber composite acoustic board.
By microperforated panel is combined with aluminum fiber acoustic board, by technology controlling and process and the adjustment of necessity, can reach and both maintain primary aluminum fiber sound absorption plate effect of low-frequency sound absorption, again the feature of broadening absorption band, reach the acoustical absorption coefficient obtaining in relative broad range and be not less than 0.4.
Described sound-absorbing composite board is composited by microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2, its concrete structure is: microperforated panel 1 is panel, thereafter aluminum fiberboard 2 is arranged, the hollow space with certain interplanar distance that namely the first resonating cativty 7, first resonating cativty 7 refers to be formed between microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2 is left between microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2; Arrange backboard after aluminum fiberboard 2 or be directly installed on wall by keel 3, forming the second resonating cativty 8, second resonating cativty 8 and namely refer to aluminum fiberboard 2 and the hollow space with certain interplanar distance formed between the walls; Also be connected by keel 3 between microperforated panel 1 with aluminum fiberboard 2.Concrete structure is see schematic diagram 1.
Described microporous fibre plate 1, the interplanar distance between microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2 is 20-80mm, the back of the body chamber thickness 20-180mm between aluminum fiberboard 2 and wall or backboard;
Described microperforated panel 1 adopts fine aluminium sheet material, its thickness of slab at 0.5-1mm, aperture 0.5-1.5mm, pitch of holes 2-20mm;
Described aluminum fiberboard 2 is commercially available aluminum fiber acoustic board, design parameter adjustable, and its structure is by front and back aluminium expanded sheets 6, and aluminum fiber 4, aluminium foil 5 four layer material form, and surface density is at 300-800g/m
2, fibre diameter is at 70-150 μm, and kinds of fibers takes out legal system for aluminum fiber for molten, and the structure of aluminum fiberboard 2 is see schematic diagram 2;
Described microporous fiber composite acoustic board absorption coefficient curve generally increases with frequency and increases progressively, and successively decreases gradually after reaching crest, and after being decremented to trough, absorption coefficient curve bounce-back is risen.So between 125-1600Hz, minimum acoustical absorption coefficient appears at 125Hz place, and 250-1600Hz, minimum acoustical absorption coefficient appears at trough place.
Embodiment 1: acoustic board 1#
Microperforated panel 1: adopt commercially available 0.5mm aluminium sheet to carry out microperforated panel 1 and prepare, wherein pitch of holes is 2mm, and aperture is 1.5mm;
Producer's title: Central Region Aluminum company limited
Producer address: oral manufacturing district, Xiaoguan Town, Gongyi City, Henan Province
Aluminium sheet model: 1050 series of aluminium board
In embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and embodiment 4, aluminium sheet is all purchased in above-mentioned producer.
Aluminum fiberboard 2: customization surface density is 300g/m
2aluminum fiberboard 2, wherein aluminum fiber takes out legal system for aluminum fiber for molten, and fibre diameter is 120 μm;
Combination: microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2 are combined, connected by keel 3, the interplanar distance between microperforated panel and aluminum fiberboard is 20mm, aluminum fiberboard 2 is 180mm with distance between the walls; Make acoustic board 1#;
The absorption coefficient curve (red lines) of acoustic board 1# is shown in Fig. 3, aluminum fiber acoustic board (AL-fibre board) the absorption coefficient curve black lines of testing as a comparison in Fig. 3 represents, its test aluminum fiber acoustic board adopts and sound-absorbing composite board same distance 180mm with interplanar distance between the walls, in figure visible microporous fibre composite plate (Composite board) absorption coefficient curve do not occur as acoustical absorption coefficient in aluminum fiber acoustic board absorption coefficient curve lower than 0.4 trough, its 125Hz acoustical absorption coefficient is 0.523; The minimum acoustical absorption coefficient of 250-1600Hz is 0.42;
Embodiment 2: acoustic board 2#
Microperforated panel 1: adopt commercially available 0.6mm aluminium sheet to carry out microperforated panel preparation, wherein pitch of holes is 10mm, and aperture is 1.0mm;
Aluminum fiberboard 2: customization surface density is 400g/m
2aluminum fiberboard 2, wherein aluminum fiber takes out legal system for aluminum fiber for molten, and fibre diameter is 70 μm;
Combination: microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2 are combined, connected by keel 3, between microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2, the distance of the first resonating cativty 7 is 40mm, the distance of aluminum fiberboard 2 and between the walls the second resonating cativty 8 is 160mm; Make acoustic board 2#;
The absorption coefficient curve (red lines) of acoustic board 2# is shown in Fig. 4, in Fig. 4, aluminum fiber acoustic board absorption coefficient curve black lines as a comparison represents, its test aluminum fiber acoustic board and between the walls interplanar distance adopt and sound-absorbing composite board same distance 160mm, in figure visible microporous fibre composite plate absorption coefficient curve do not occur as acoustical absorption coefficient in aluminum fiber acoustic board absorption coefficient curve lower than 0.4 trough, its 125Hz acoustical absorption coefficient is 0.768; The minimum acoustical absorption coefficient of 250-1600Hz is 0.525;
Embodiment 3: acoustic board 3#
Microperforated panel 1: adopt commercially available 0.8mm aluminium sheet to carry out microperforated panel preparation, wherein pitch of holes is 15mm, and aperture is 0.8mm;
Aluminum fiberboard 2: customization surface density is 500g/m
2aluminum fiberboard, wherein aluminum fiber takes out legal system for aluminum fiber for molten, and fibre diameter is 90 μm;
Combination: microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2 are combined, connected by keel 3, between microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2, the distance of the first resonating cativty 7 is 60mm, aluminum fiberboard 2 is 120mm with the distance of the second resonating cativty 8 between the walls; Make acoustic board 3#;
The absorption coefficient curve (red lines) of acoustic board 3# is shown in Fig. 5, in Fig. 5, aluminum fiber acoustic board absorption coefficient curve as a comparison represents with black lines, its test aluminum fabric acoustic absorption backboard chamber adopts and sound-absorbing composite board same distance 160mm, in Fig. 5 visible microporous fibre composite plate absorption coefficient curve do not occur as acoustical absorption coefficient in aluminum fiber acoustic board absorption coefficient curve lower than 0.4 trough, its 125Hz acoustical absorption coefficient is 0.597; The minimum acoustical absorption coefficient of 250-1600Hz is 0.564;
Embodiment 4: acoustic board 4#
Microperforated panel 1: adopt commercially available 1.0mm aluminium sheet to carry out microperforated panel preparation, wherein pitch of holes is 20mm, and aperture is 0.5mm;
Aluminum fiberboard 2: customization surface density is 800g/m
2aluminum fiberboard, wherein aluminum fiber takes out legal system for aluminum fiber for molten, and fibre diameter is 150 μm;
Combination: microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2 are combined, connected by keel 3, between microperforated panel 1 and aluminum fiberboard 2, the distance of the first resonating cativty 7 is 80mm, the distance of aluminum fiberboard 2 and between the walls the second resonating cativty 8 is 20mm; Make acoustic board 4#;
The absorption coefficient curve (red lines) of acoustic board 4# is shown in Fig. 6, in Fig. 6, aluminum fiber acoustic board absorption coefficient curve as a comparison represents with black lines, its test aluminum fabric acoustic absorption backboard chamber adopts and sound-absorbing composite board same distance 120mm, in Fig. 6 visible microporous fibre composite plate absorption coefficient curve do not occur as acoustical absorption coefficient in aluminum fiber acoustic board absorption coefficient curve lower than 0.4 trough, its 125Hz acoustical absorption coefficient is 0.757; The minimum acoustical absorption coefficient of 250-1600Hz is 0.402;
Each embodiment parameter comparison is in table 1:
Table 1: embodiment parameter comparison
| Acoustic board 1# | Acoustic board 2# | Acoustic board 3# | Acoustic board 4# | |
| Microperforated panel thickness of slab (mm) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1 |
| Micropunch aperture (mm) | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Micropunch pitch-row (mm) | 2 | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Spaced cavities distance (mm) | 20 | 40 | 60 | 80 |
| Composite sound absorbing backboard chamber distance (mm) | 180 | 160 | 120 | 20 |
[0091]
| Aluminum fiberboard surface density (g/m 2) | 300 | 400 | 500 | 800 |
| Aluminum fiber backboard chamber distance (mm) | 180 | 160 | 160 | 120 |
| Aluminum fiber diameter (μm) | 120 | 70 | 90 | 150 |
| Aluminum fiber kind | Melt and take out | Melt and take out | Melt and take out | Melt and take out |
| 125Hz acoustical absorption coefficient | 0.523 | 0.768 | 0.597 | 0.757 |
| The minimum acoustical absorption coefficient of 250-1600Hz | 0.42(872Hz) | 0.525(576Hz) | 0.564(568Hz) | 0.402(1488) |
According to specific exemplary embodiment, invention has been described herein.It will be apparent under not departing from the scope of the present invention, carrying out suitable replacement to one skilled in the art or revise.Exemplary embodiment is only illustrative, instead of the restriction to scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is defined by appended claim.
Claims (5)
1. a microporous fiber composite acoustic board, described acoustic board comprises microperforated panel (1) and aluminum fiberboard (2); It is characterized in that described sound-absorbing composite board is double resonance coupled structure; Be connected to form the first resonating cativty (7) by keel (3) between described microperforated panel (1) and aluminum fiberboard (2), between described aluminum fiberboard (2) and wall or backboard, be connected to form the second resonating cativty (8) by keel (3); Described microperforated panel (1) is aluminium sheet; The thickness of slab of described microperforated panel (1) is 0.5-1mm, and aperture is 0.5-1.5mm, and pitch of holes is 2-20mm.
2. a kind of microporous fiber composite acoustic board as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the interplanar distance between described microperforated panel (1) and aluminum fiberboard (2) is 20-80mm.
3. a kind of microporous fiber composite acoustic board as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the interplanar distance between described aluminum fiberboard (2) and wall or backboard is 20-180mm.
4. a kind of microporous fiber composite acoustic board as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the surface density of described aluminum fiberboard (2) is 300-800g/m2, fibre diameter is 70-150 μm.
5. a kind of microporous fiber composite acoustic board as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described aluminum fiberboard (2) is made up of aluminium expanded sheets (6), aluminum fiber (4), aluminium foil (5) and aluminium expanded sheets (6) four layer material successively along plate face normal direction.
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| CN201110170950.5A CN102842303B (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Microporous-fiber composite sound absorbing board |
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| JP6175789B2 (en) * | 2013-02-14 | 2017-08-09 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Sound absorber, electronic device |
| CN103606823A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-02-26 | 太原供电设计研究院 | Noise reducing method of transformer room through double-layer noise reducing wall |
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