A kind of Phenolic resin bamboo plywood manufacturing process
Art
According to the conclusion of forest department to bamboo slab rubber production technology, on market, the production of bamboo slab rubber is actually decomposition and the recombination process of bamboo material, generally be divided into decompose the early stage of (1) material processing, (2) unit desugar dry and execute phenolic resin glue, (3) hot pressing and forming and hardening three operation stages, wherein hot pressing and forming and hardening operation stage are the most important stages, the present invention relates to the 3rd operation stage and the hot pressing in bamboo slab rubber production and produce the innovation of fixture and the reform of production technology thereof in the forming and hardening stage.
Background technology
At present, the equipment that known bamboo slab rubber hot pressing and forming and hardening production technology stage adopt is the hot press of high tonnage, necessary for production bamboo slab rubber pressure and thermal collecting is it is characterized in that to be combined on same equipment, pressure comes from multi-cylinder hydraulic press, the high temperature oil that heating power comes from boiler high temperature steam or is electrically heated, hot pressing and forming and hardening stage produce fixture and are just mounted in the middle multilayer rectangle steel plate of hot press framework, these steel plate thickness are between 40-60mm, the snakelike connecting pipe that the inner useful machining of every block plate goes out, connecting pipe generally only has an import and outlet to be placed in the side of steel plate, high-temperature steam or high temperature oil enter from import and flow out from outlet, first heated steel plate, pass to again on the bamboo slab rubber material of mating formation betwixt and make its sizing and solidifying, through pressurize after a while, and then a large amount of cooling water is inputted in connecting pipe, the bamboo slab rubber blanket that forming and hardening completes is unloaded after multilayer rectangle steel plate is cooled, continue to carry out Ageing Treatment and the processing of saw limit to bamboo slab rubber blanket, finally namely make bamboo glue to pull.Defect existing for this known general operation stage is: the snakelike connecting pipe had in hot press steel plate and the external world are closed, and they adopt deep hole drilling machine to process, and mechanical processing difficulty is larger; In production and application, snakelike communicating pipe, again and again numerous effect being subject to high pressure, high temperature and cooling water easily deformed and crack, produced and leaked vapour or oil leakage fault, need often to stop work, repair; In addition, the pressurization of bamboo slab rubber material, heat and carry out on a press simultaneously, pressure maintaining period after forming and hardening also carries out on same press, and its needs to consume longer time, this noncontinuity, clearance-type production process reduces the effective rate of utilization of hot press; In order to improve output, the hot press of this high tonnage is generally designed to composite steel template, even reach 18 layers at most, what therefore its hydraulic cylinder will do is very large, the stroke of plunger also must design very long, this will consume a large amount of hydraulic oil and heat, and production cost is very high, and device fabrication cost and cost of investment are also very huge.But this known bamboo slab rubber production technology forms convention, for a long time by equipment manufacturers and bamboo slab rubber manufacturer adopt use, since this century, in order to improve output, change the production status of this noncontinuity, engineers have devised a kind of high pressure and rolls roller press more, high-temperature steam or high temperature oil pass into the dish type pipeline be distributed in roller, pressure and heating power pass to continuously on input bamboo slab rubber material therebetween by roller simultaneously, it is made to be subject to hot pressing incessantly, and shaping and solidification, to produce bamboo slab rubber continuously, first this equipment and production technology are adopted use in Germany in the world, also use is imitated in China in recent years, but it can only manufacture the wood-based plate of the thinner bamboo slab rubber of below 10mm or other material, and in order to increase the compression area that is heated of plate material, the diameter of this roller will be designed to very large, almost there is the height that one deck half is regged, the number of roller reaches more than 3-4 group, this will increase device fabrication cost and cost of investment undoubtedly greatly, its maintenance cost also will increase simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned bamboo slab rubber in hot pressing and the defect in forming and hardening production technology stage, the invention provides a kind of new-type, continuous print Phenolic resin bamboo plywood manufacturing process, early stage, two operation stages were the same with known Phenolic resin bamboo plywood production technology, the i.e. decomposition processing of (1) material, (2) desugar of unit is dry and to execute the technique in two stages of phenolic resin glue substantially constant, and in (3) hot pressing and forming and hardening operation stage feature of the present invention be: the pressure process of bamboo slab rubber material is carried out on the press without the need to passing into thermal source, the forming and hardening process of bamboo slab rubber material is carried out in tunnel furnace, and use roller conveyer continus convergence by the bamboo slab rubber in hot pressing and forming and hardening technical process, in the pressure process to bamboo slab rubber material, except use press, also must adopt special fixture of the present invention, concrete operation is
A), mat formation in special fixture by the bamboo slab rubber material completing the first two operation stage, a set of clamping plate that this fixture is made up of upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates, two pieces of rectangular steel plates inner surfaces lie horizontally two pieces of thin corrosion resistant plates;
B), use roller conveyer to send in press together with the bamboo slab rubber material of clamping in the middle of thin corrosion resistant plate on these cover clamping plate and apply high pressure;
C), utilize the round steel pull bar of this cover clamping plate four side and locking nut that the bamboo slab rubber material clip of pressurized sizing is lived in row pressure maintaining period;
D) the bamboo slab rubber material, by pressurize is delivered to the heating process of carrying out high-temperature region in tunnel furnace again by roller conveyer, the forming and hardening process of middle warm area, the cool down in air-cooled district;
E), by these cover clamping plate and have passed through pressurization, the bamboo slab rubber material of forming and hardening and heating pressure maintaining period exports tunnel furnace, and unload bamboo slab rubber blanket from these cover clamping plate, namely complete production technology overall process of the present invention;
A set of clamping plate described in production technology of the present invention are special fixtures, these cover clamping plate are the key equipment parts changing known technology convention, they are not directly be installed in the middle of press frame, but coordinate a set of clamping plate that press independently uses, its structural feature is: it is by upper, the rectangular steel plates that lower two pieces of plane geometric shapes are identical consists of a set of clamping plate, the thickness of rectangular steel plates is between 45-55mm, length is between 2600-2800mm, width is between 1300-1500mm, every block rectangular steel plates inner horizontal a discharge pipe, they are all parallel with the short side direction of steel plate, the quantity of one discharge pipe is between 16-35 root, every root pipeline is not communicated with mutually, every root pipe ends all has an opening, opening is evenly distributed on, the side on two long limits of lower rectangular steel plates, they can receive entering of hot gas, and the effective heating surface increasing rectangular steel plates amasss, the thin pipe that every root pipeline has a bit of internal diameter to reduce on the position of same size, they can reduce shedding of hot gas and improve the anti-deformation intensity of rectangular steel plates, this rectangular steel plates and pipeline wherein adopt 45# molten steel once to cast and form, go up simultaneously, lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates four sides are cast with fork-shaped earrings corresponding up and down, the quantity of fork-shaped earrings is at 10-18 couple, be installed with a bearing pin in each fork-shaped earrings in lower rectangular steel plates side and be flexibly connected a round steel pull bar, the upper end of round steel pull bar screw thread and is furnished with locking nut, every root round steel pull bar can rotate up and down, can embed in each fork-shaped earrings corresponding to rectangular steel plates, locking nut just can by upper, lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates are accurately clamped by molded bamboo slab rubber material securely, round steel pull bar precast length is between 100-220mm, change and support the use, convert the relative distance of upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates planes, also just can the corresponding bamboo slab rubber producing 8-105mm thickness specification.
Press described in production technology of the present invention is hydraulic press or hydraulic press, and its operating pressure is 25-32kpa/cm
2, it is without the need to passing into thermal source, and the effective travel of cylinder core is not long yet, between 350-500mm, does not have configuring multi-layer rectangular steel plates in the middle of press frame.
Its total length of tunnel furnace described in production technology of the present invention, between 18-25m, is divided into high-temperature region, middle warm area and air-cooled district in stove, in-furnace temperature is gradient to 60 DEG C of air-cooled district from 145 DEG C of high-temperature region.
Roller conveyer energy continus convergence described in production technology of the present invention is by the bamboo slab rubber in hot pressing and forming and hardening technical process and a set of clamping plate that hold it, each operation that roller conveyer has connected in production technology of the present invention has made overall process be guaranteed, its transmission speed is adjustable, according to the demand of producing 8-105mm different-thickness specification bamboo slab rubber, the bamboo slab rubber material that a set of clamping plate are clamped under packing state is not identical by the time that high-temperature region, middle warm area and air-cooled district are used yet, between 50-90 minute.
The a set of clamping plate be made up of upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates described in production technology of the present invention have many covers, incessantly by decomposing the drying of machining cell early stage and executing the bamboo slab rubber material after phenolic resin glue and mat formation in the middle of them, so just can meet the demand of continuous seepage bamboo slab rubber.
Production technology scheme of the present invention is: be preheated to 60-80 DEG C by earlier stage decomposing processing, unit drying and executing the bamboo slab rubber material after phenolic resin glue, they to be mated formation between two layers of thin corrosion resistant plate by the requirement of producing different-thickness bamboo slab rubber and horizontal is between a set of clamping plate of a group in aforesaid upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates, then be delivered in press by roller conveyer and apply high pressure, the operating pressure of press is 25-32kpa/cm
2, this press adopts hydraulic press or hydraulic press, without the need to passing into thermal source, and the effective travel of cylinder core also need not be very long, between 350 ~ 500mm, when the relative distance of upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates planes reaches the thickness of required bamboo slab rubber, namely rotating lower steel plate side each round steel pull bar is embedded in each fork-shaped earrings corresponding to upper steel plate, and screw all locking nuts with electronic torque wrench, make, lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates can accurately be clamped by molded bamboo slab rubber material securely, play the effect of pressurize and sizing in early stage, and then be delivered to another equipment by roller conveyer---in tunnel furnace, tunnel furnace total length is between 18-25m, high-temperature region is divided in stove, middle warm area and air-cooled district, temperature is gradient to 60 DEG C of air-cooled district from 145 DEG C of high-temperature region, the bamboo slab rubber material of pressurized sizing is introduced into the high-temperature region of tunnel furnace under packing state clamped by rectangular steel plates clamping plate, high temperature hot gas in stove is from upper, the 16-35 root pipeline tapping of lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates both sides enters, promptly steel plate is heated from rectangular steel plates surface and inner homogeneous under low pressure operating mode, and pass on the bamboo slab rubber material of mating formation betwixt and make it be reached 140 DEG C by heating, bamboo slab rubber material like this under packing state is further solidified through high-temperature heating, and continue to rely on roller conveyer to pass through the middle warm area of tunnel furnace and air-cooled district, finally reach less than 60 DEG C and export tunnel furnace, bamboo slab rubber blanket after coming out of the stove separately carries out Ageing Treatment and saw limit operation again, finally be made into the bamboo slab rubber needing thickness.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: with less investment reform bamboo slab rubber produce in the 3rd operation stage and hot pressing and the production fixture in the forming and hardening stage, innovate the production technology being different from known technology convention, the extrusion forming of bamboo slab rubber material and heating, pressurize solidification process are carried out at times on different devices, for continuous seepage creates condition, improve equipment effective rate of utilization and production efficiency, and the dawn can according to demand, produce the bamboo slab rubber of the above different size of 10mm thickness; In addition, form because upper and lower rectangular steel plates and pipeline wherein adopt 45# molten steel once to cast, eliminate the operation of machining, reduce manufacture difficulty, special inner tubular structure can make the even promptly heating steel sheet of thermal source, and improves the resistance to deformation intensity of steel plate; The all pipelines casting in rectangular steel plates inside be all open, communicate with the external world, can not high pressure be born, thus No leakage problem, generally not need to carry out shut-down (breakdown) mainteance, reduce production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block flowsheet schematic diagram in present invention process stage.
Fig. 2 is bamboo slab rubber material of the present invention by the temperature time curve figure in high-temperature region, middle warm area and air-cooled district.
Fig. 3 is front view and the part sectioned view of rectangular steel plates in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the upper and lower two blocks of identical rectangular steel plates of the present invention consist of independently a set of clamping plate and clamp the side view of one piece of bamboo slab rubber.
In accompanying drawing 1, upper rectangular steel plates, 2, lower rectangular steel plates, 3, upper fork-shaped earrings, 4, pipeline, 5, thin pipe, 6, locking nut, 7, round steel pull bar, 8, bearing pin, 9, thin corrosion resistant plate, 10, lower fork-shaped earrings, 11, bamboo slab rubber material, 12, roller conveyer.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
In Fig. 1,60-80 DEG C is preheated to by completing to decompose processing, unit drying early stage and execute the bamboo slab rubber material after phenolic resin glue, they to be mated formation between two layers of thin corrosion resistant plate by the requirement of producing different-thickness bamboo slab rubber and horizontal between a set of clamping plate be made up of upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates, complete stone operation, then be delivered in hydraulic press by roller conveyer (12) and apply high pressure, average operation pressure is at 25-32kpa/cm
2between, complete pressurization operation, when the relative distance of upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates (1,2) plane reaches the thickness of required bamboo slab rubber, rotate lower rectangular steel plates (2) side each round steel pull bar (7) and is embedded in each upper fork-shaped earrings (3) of rectangular steel plates (1) correspondence, and screw all locking nuts (6) with electronic torque wrench, upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates (1,2) accurately clamped securely the bamboo slab rubber material (11) of pressurized sizing, play the effect of pressurize and solidification in early stage, complete pressurize operation, and then be delivered to another equipment------in tunnel furnace by roller conveyer (12), tunnel furnace total length is between 18-25m, be divided into high-temperature region, middle warm area and air-cooled district, in-furnace temperature is gradient to 60 DEG C of air-cooled district from 145 DEG C of high-temperature region, the bamboo slab rubber material (11) of pressurized sizing is introduced into the high-temperature region of tunnel furnace under the packing state clamped by a set of clamping plate, high temperature hot gas in stove enters from the 16-35 root pipeline tapping of upper and lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates both sides, from rectangular steel plates surface and inner homogeneous promptly heating steel sheet under low pressure operating mode, and pass to and the bamboo slab rubber material of mating formation betwixt makes it heat reach 140 DEG C, like this, further solidified through high-temperature heating at packing state bamboo slab rubber material not, and continue to rely on roller conveyer successively by middle warm area and the air-cooled district of tunnel furnace, finally reach less than 60 DEG C and export tunnel furnace, after bamboo slab rubber blanket after coming out of the stove is removed, carry out Ageing Treatment and saw limit in addition again, finally be made into the bamboo slab rubber needing thickness.
In the diagram, embodiment is independently a set of clamping plate, it is made up of upper rectangular steel plates (1) and lower rectangular steel plates (2) two pieces of rectangular steel plates that plane geometry is measure-alike, the thickness of rectangular steel plates is between 45-55mm, length is between 2600-2800mm, width is between 1300-1500mm, every block rectangular steel plates inner horizontal a discharge pipe (4), they are parallel with the short side direction of rectangular steel plates, the quantity of pipeline (4) is between 16-35 root, every root pipeline (4) is not communicated with mutually, each pipeline (4) two ends all have an opening, be evenly distributed on, lower rectangular steel plates (1, 2) two long side faces, they can receive entering of hot gas easily, the effective heating surface simultaneously increasing rectangular steel plates amasss, the pipeline (4) that the thin pipe (5) that each pipeline (4) has a bit of internal diameter to zoom on the position of same size is adjacent is communicated with, they can reduce shedding of hot gas and improve the resistance to deformation intensity of rectangular steel plates, these rectangular steel plates adopt 45# molten steel once to cast and form, manufacture difficulty of processing is little, upper rectangular steel plates (1) four side is cast and is gone up fork-shaped earrings (3), lower rectangular steel plates (2) four side is cast and is descended fork-shaped earrings (10), on, lower rectangular steel plates (1, 2) four side is upper, lower fork-shaped earrings (3, 10) relatively should be a pair, quantity 10-18 between, lower rectangular steel plates (7), the upper end of round steel pull bar (7) is shaped with screw thread and joins a locking nut (6), every root round steel pull bar (7) can be rotated in each upper fork-shaped earrings (3) of the correspondence embedding upper rectangular steel plates (1) side, screwing all locking nuts (6) can by upper, lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates (1, 2) the bamboo slab rubber material (11) of pressurized sizing is accurately clamped securely, the lower planes of bamboo slab rubber material (11) is respectively placed with the thin corrosion resistant plate of a slice (9), the bamboo slab rubber fineness of output is ensured, round steel pull bar (7) precast length is between 100-220mm, replacing supports the use them and can change, lower two pieces of rectangular steel plates <1, 2) relative distance of plane, also just can the corresponding bamboo slab rubber producing 8-105mm thickness specification.