CN102829835B - Mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester and data processing method thereof - Google Patents
Mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester and data processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102829835B CN102829835B CN201210337154.0A CN201210337154A CN102829835B CN 102829835 B CN102829835 B CN 102829835B CN 201210337154 A CN201210337154 A CN 201210337154A CN 102829835 B CN102829835 B CN 102829835B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester, it comprises pointer, pointer axle key, pointer output shaft, dial, calibration circle, graduation mark, dog screw, locating hole, positioning screw hole, counter gear box, pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus, serial communication device and SCM system, pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus comprises light expelling plate, light receiving plate and therebetween aperture plate and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen, the position data of the pointer detecting is passed to SCM system by pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus, process the readings that obtains counter through SCM program, externally send readings by serial communication device. the present invention also provides a kind of data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester. manufacture craft of the present invention requires low, reading non-blind area, be suitable for use this counter as showing, preservation and the instrument that externally sends data be as on water meter and gas meter, flow meter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor and microchip technology field, particularly a kind of mechanical pointer counter photoelectricityData acquisition unit and data processing method thereof.
Background technology
Mechanical pointer counter is a kind of traditional counting device, is widely used in various water meters and gas meter, flow meter, itsStable performance, reliable operation, but due to its ability that does not possess automatic output data, make to use this counter as aobviousShow, the industry of save data, check meter and can only adopt manual type, this meter reading method is time-consuming, take a lot of work, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for the needs of the automation that adapts to check meter, and continues to keep some of mechanical pointer counter substantially excellentPoint is installed a kind of photoelectric sensing apparatus between the counter gear box of traditional mechanical pointer counter and dial, logicalCross this device and convert pointer position to binary code and send into single-chip microcomputer processing, and the total indicator reading obtaining after processing is passed throughSerial communication device, sends to special data collecting system by remote transmission mode, thereby realizes using this counter to doFor the automatic data logging of the industry of demonstration, preservation and record data.
Main solution of the present invention is achieved in that
The invention provides a kind of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester, it comprises pointer (1), pointer outputAxle (10), pointer axle key (14), dial (2), calibration circle (16), graduation mark (17), locating hole (19), positioning screw hole (18),Dog screw (9), counter gear box (11), pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus, serial communication device and SCM system, described inPointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus comprises light expelling plate (6), light receiving plate (3) and therebetween aperture plate (4) and fan-shapedAnti-dazzling screen (5), described pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus be positioned at described dial (2) and described counter gear box (11) itBetween, and link together by described dog screw (9) and described counter gear box (11), the upper tool of described smooth expelling plate (6)Have multiple light-emitting tubes (8), on described light receiving plate (3), there are multiple light receiving tubes (7), described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5), described inPointer (1) and described pointer output shaft (10) interlock, described pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus is by the pointer position number detectingReportedly give described SCM system, externally send data by described serial communication device.
Preferably, vertical at the integer-bit calibration circle (17) of described dial (2) and every graduation mark (16) intersection point placeBelow is all provided with the transmission type photoelectric switch list being made up of a described light-emitting tube (8) and a described light receiving tube (7)Unit, these transmission type photoelectric switch elements taking 10 as one group be evenly distributed on taking the axle center of integer-bit pointer output shaft (10) asOn the circumference in the center of circle, jointly form the many groups of transmission type photoelectric switch annular squares that formed by 10 transmission type photoelectric switch elementsBattle array.
Preferably, described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) is coaxial with described pointer (1), by described pointer axle key (14) and described inFan-shaped anti-dazzling screen keyway (15) connects, and makes described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) and described pointer (1) form interaction relation, described fan-shapedAnti-dazzling screen (5) is coaxial with described pointer output shaft (10), is enclosed within described pointer output shaft by described anti-dazzling screen axis hole (20)(10) upper, make described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) and described pointer output shaft (10) form hemicompact matching relationship.
Preferably, have multiple loopholes (13) on described aperture plate (4), described loophole (13) is all positioned at described scaleOn the vertical lower position at dish high scale circle (16) and graduation mark (17) intersection point place.
Preferably, described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) is positioned between described smooth expelling plate (6) and described aperture plate (4), odd bitsFan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) is placed in respectively in two Different Plane with the fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen of even bit (5).
Preferably, adopt many described dog screws (9), through described dial (2), described light receiving plate (3), described inDescribed locating hole (19) on aperture plate (4) and described smooth expelling plate (6), is fixed on the institute on described counter gear box (11)State on positioning screw hole (18).
Preferably, the central angle angle of described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) is at the width of 43.2 °+light receiving tube critical closure circleBetween the width of 64.8 °+light receiving tube critical closure circle.
Preferably, described mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester can be applied in and comprise water meter, gas meter, flow meterThe multiple instrument with mechanical indicating pointer formula counter on.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of data processing side for mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvesterMethod, described mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester also comprises: at the integer-bit calibration circle of described dial (2)(17) be all provided with by a described light-emitting tube (8) and a described light with the vertical lower at every graduation mark (16) intersection point placeThe transmission type photoelectric switch element of receiving tube (7) composition, these transmission type photoelectric switch elements are uniformly distributed taking 10 as one groupOn the circumference in the center of circle, jointly form many groups by 10 transmission type photoelectric switches in the axle center taking integer-bit pointer output shaft (10)The transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array of unit composition; According to above-mentioned mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester, thisInvention also provides a kind of data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester, and one is provided with mechanical fingerThe mechanical pointer counter with P shelves integer-bit of pin type counter photooptical data harvester, with variable, k represents integer-bitAny position in gear number, represents that with variable n in described graduation mark and the ring quasi array of described transmission type photoelectric switch, 10 light connectArbitrary number in the Unified number of closed tube, wherein: k=0,1,2P-1, k=0 is lowest order, k=P-1 be highest order,The front and back order of n=0,1,29, numbering is 0,1,29,0, by described pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus pairLight receiving tube number in the described transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array that the described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen of each integer-bit blocksAccording to sampling, can obtain P the code corresponding with each integer-bit pointer position, these codes divide two classes, and a class is single tube cut-offCategory code, taking the numbering variable n of the light receiving tube in cut-off state as code value, single tube cut-off category code is denoted as n; Another kind ofFor two-tube cut-off category code, with adjacent two light receiving tubes numbering variable n in cut-off state, numbering forward in n+1 becomesAmount n is code value, and two-tube cut-off category code is denoted as m=n+ constant 10, defines two array N (P-1), array S (P-1) and deposits respectivelyPut code value and the reading value of each integer-bit, under array element, be designated as integer-bit gear number variable k, be located at and carry out data processingBefore beginning, the code value of each integer-bit has completed the assignment to array N (P-1), it is characterized in that, data processing is according to from low levelCarry out to high-order order, first program converts minimum integer-bit code value to reading value, in transfer process, if N (0) is <10, by N (0) assignment to S (0), otherwise by N (0)-10 assignment to S (0), then enter the code value of all the other each integer-bitConvert the main circulating program of reading value to, cyclic variable starts to finish to k > P-1 from k=1, in cyclic process, if N (k) is <10, determine the value of S (k) with reference to the value of S (k-1), if S (k-1) > 5, by N (k)-1 assignment to S (k), otherwise N (k) is composedValue is to S (k); If N (k) >=10, by N (k)-10 assignment to S (k), the reading of final mechanical pointer counter integer-bitFor: S (P-1) 10P-1＋S〔P-2〕·10p-2＋···＋S〔k〕·10k＋···S〔1〕·101＋S〔0〕·100，Regulation: when n=9, n+1=0; N (k)=0 o'clock, N (k)-1=9.
Preferably, the data processing method of described mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester can be applied in bagIn the multiple instrument with mechanical indicating pointer formula counter containing water meter, gas meter, flow meter.
Mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the present invention has the function of simulation people's eyes meter reading, thisInvention compared with prior art has the following advantages: data are read to send out, and can ensure one between data and pointer indicated valueCausing property; Do not need the built-in power supply of waiting for, can not stop because device dead electricity causes counting; When breaking down, circuit can carry out peoplePart work and part study table. Manufacture craft of the present invention requires low, accuracy of reading in use procedure, and non-blind area, can use manpower and material resources sparingly, and is suitable for and usesThis counter as show, preserve and the instrument that externally sends data as on water meter and gas meter, flow meter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the overall structure of the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the invention is decomposedSchematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the cut-away section structure of the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionSchematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the light expelling plate in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionStructural representation;
Fig. 4 is the light receiving plate in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionStructural representation;
Fig. 5 is the knot of the aperture plate in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionStructure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 be mechanical indicator in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the invention withFan-shaped anti-dazzling screen syndeton schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 be dial in the pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus of the specific embodiment of the invention, light receiving plate, aperture plate,Assembly relation structural representation between light expelling plate and gearcase;
Fig. 8 is light-emitting tube in the pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus of the specific embodiment of the invention, light receiving tube and diaphragmPosition relationship schematic diagram between loophole and dial high scale line, calibration circle on plate;
Fig. 9 is the photoelectric sensing dress in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionPut code generation process and the comprehensive schematic diagram of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen central angle angle Selection;
Figure 10 is the fan-shaped shading in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionThe sheet anglec of rotation and code relation calculating schematic diagram;
Figure 11 has one in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionThe mechanical pointer counter of two gears carries out the example schematic of data acquisition process;
Figure 12 is the data processing stream of the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionCheng Tu.
Detailed description of the invention
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the present inventionDetailed description of the invention be described in detail, it will be more clear making above-mentioned and object of the present invention, Characteristics and advantages. AllIn accompanying drawing, identical Reference numeral is indicated identical part. Deliberately do not draw in proportion accompanying drawing, focus on illustrating the present inventionPurport.
Below only taking domestic meter as example is by reference to the accompanying drawings to mechanical pointer counter photooptical data collection dress of the present inventionStructure, implementation method and the operation principle of putting are elaborated.
Fig. 1 is the overall structure signal of the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionFigure, the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the embodiment of the present invention, it comprise pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus,SCM system and serial communication device. Pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus comprises light expelling plate 6, light receiving plate 3 and is positioned at itBetween aperture plate 4 and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5. On light expelling plate 6, there are multiple light-emitting tubes 8, on light receiving plate 3, there is multiple light and connectClosed tube 7. On aperture plate 4, have multiple loopholes 13, the light that the light-emitting tube 8 on light expelling plate 6 sends can pass printing opacityHole 13 is received by the light receiving tube 7 on light receiving plate 3, makes light receiving tube 7 in conducting state. Fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5 can hinderOnly from the light of the light receiving tube 7 on the light-emitting tube 8 directive light receiving plates 3 on light expelling plate 6, make light receiving tube 7 inCut-off state. Fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5 as measured object links with pointer 1, and the two is coaxial with pointer output shaft 10, makes mechanical indicatorThe electronical reading value that formula counter visible reading value collects with photooptical data harvester is consistent. Graduation mark on dial 216, between the loophole 13 on light receiving tube 7, the aperture plate 4 on light receiving plate 3 and the light-emitting tube 8 on light expelling plate 6, hanging downNogata upwards has one-to-one relationship, by the locating hole 19 on four feature boards, is fixed on counter tooth by dog screw 9On positioning screw hole 18 on wheel box 11. SCM system is mainly by light-emitting tube drive circuit, reception signal comparator circuit, inputThe composition such as data control circuit and power supply. Serial communication device can adopt the circuit of different special chip compositions according to communication distance,Generally be less than in 3000m situation at communication distance, adopt and support the chip of RS485 communications protocol as max485 and peripheral circuit thereofComposition. The position data of the pointer detecting is passed to SCM system by pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus, after system is processedObtain the reading value of mechanical pointer counter, by serial communication device, reading value is externally sent. Serial data transmissionDevice and SCM system are arranged on light-receiving 3 and light expelling plate 6, do not give in the accompanying drawings embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the cut-away section structure of the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionSchematic diagram, in mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the present invention, light receiving plate 3 and light expelling plate 6 are positioned at quarterBetween scale 2 and counter gear box, in order to reduce the interference of natural daylight to light receiving tube as far as possible, light receiving plate 3 is sent out at glazingPenetrate plate 6 under, aperture plate 4 and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5 are between light expelling plate 6, light receiving plate 3, aperture plate 4 is positioned at fan-shaped shadingThe top of sheet 5, bumps in rotary course for fear of phase ortho position anti-dazzling screen, the fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5 of odd bits and even bitAnti-dazzling screen 5 is placed in respectively in two Different Plane.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are that the light in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the invention is sent outPenetrate the structural representation of plate and dash receiver, Fig. 8 is light transmitting in the pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus of the specific embodiment of the inventionPosition relationship structural representation between pipe, light receiving tube and aperture plate and dial high scale line, in the embodiment of the present invention, is carvingThe integer-bit calibration circle 17 of scale 2 is all provided with by light-emitting tube 8 Hes with the vertical lower at every graduation mark 16 intersection point placesA transmission type photoelectric switch element that light receiving tube 7 forms, these transmission type photoelectric switch elements are even taking 10 as one groupBe distributed in axle center taking integer-bit pointer output shaft 10 on the circumference in the center of circle, jointly form many groups and opened by 10 transmission type photoelectricsThe transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array of closing unit composition, for domestic meter, has four integer-bit on its dial 2Pointer, therefore correspondingly, on the light expelling plate 3 in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the embodiment of the present inventionWith on light receiving plate 6, also there is the ring quasi array of four groups of transmission type photoelectric switches.
Fig. 5 is the knot of the aperture plate in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionStructure schematic diagram, Fig. 8 is light-emitting tube in the pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus of the specific embodiment of the invention, light receiving tube and diaphragmPosition relationship structural representation between plate and dial high scale line, has multiple loopholes 13 on aperture plate 4, loophole 13 is equalBe positioned on the vertical lower position at dial high scale circle 16 and graduation mark 17 intersection point places, play definite light receiving tube 7 critical closuresThe effect of circle position and width.
Fig. 6 be mechanical indicator in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the invention withFan-shaped anti-dazzling screen syndeton schematic diagram, has an axle key 14 in the rotating shaft of pointer 1, fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5 is coaxial with pointer 1, logicalCross pointer axle key 14 and be connected and realize interaction relation with keyway 15 in fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen rotating shaft, the axle of assembling backpointer 1 is nested in fanIn the anti-dazzling screen axis hole of shape anti-dazzling screen 5, form hard connection between the two, fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5 is coaxial with pointer output shaft 10, passes throughAxis hole 20 in the rotating shaft of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen 5 is enclosed within on described pointer output shaft 10 and realizes hemicompact matching relationship.
Fig. 7 be dial in the pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus of the specific embodiment of the invention, light receiving plate, aperture plate,Assembly relation structural representation between light expelling plate and gearcase, in order to prevent optoelectronic position sensing device and counter gearBetween box 11, be subjected to displacement, affect the conversion accuracy of optoelectronic position sensing device to pointer position data, as shown in Figure 7, thisBright specific embodiment adopts many dog screws 9, through determining on dial 2, light receiving plate 3, aperture plate 4 and light expelling plate 6Hole 19, position, is connected as a single entity light receiving plate 3, aperture plate 4 and light expelling plate 6 threes and is fixed on determining on counter gear box 11On the screw 18 of position.
Light-emitting tube and light-receiving in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionPipe diameter is all less than or equal to 3 millimeters of circular packages or minitype paster encapsulation, and single-chip microcomputer model is C8051F330, serial communication deviceFor MAX485.
Mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the present invention and data processing method thereof can be applied in waterIn the multiple instrument with mechanical indicating pointer formula counter such as table, gas meter, flow meter.
Specific works below in conjunction with Fig. 9 to Figure 12 to mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the present inventionProcess is described further.
Experience is told us, when artificial meter reading, when observing pointer obviously between two graduation marks time, fetch pointerThe value of the graduation mark of crossing is clockwise as its reading, when observe pointer in or while seeming on graduation mark,Determine its reading by reference to the pointer position of adjacent low level, if the pointer position of adjacent low level is in " 0 " graduation mark inverse timePin side, represents that a high position does not complete carry, and then the value that high-order reading is got the present graduation mark of its pointer deducts 1; If phaseThe pointer position of adjacent low level, on " 0 " graduation mark or in the clockwise side of " 0 " graduation mark, represents that a high position has completed carry, high-orderReading is got the value of its pointer graduation mark pointed. In sum the process of so-called artificial meter reading be exactly people to pointer position withThe process that relativeness between graduation mark is observed and processed, the key of this process is in two graduation marks to pointerBetween refer to this pointer position of two types on graduation mark with pointer, give respectively different processing, particularly when certain position refer toPin depends on and refers on graduation mark when such pointer position, by with reference to adjacent low level pointer position and " 0 " graduation mark itBetween position relationship to solve the carry problem of this bit pointer.
According to the These characteristics of artificial meter reading, in order to realize the artificial meter reading of single-chip simulation, specifically implement as the present inventionThe pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus of the core of example, by its fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen cutting transmission type photoelectric switch annular arrayThe break-make effect that light path produces, to being centered around the light-receiving in the axial transmission type photoelectric switch of integer-bit pointer annular arrayPipe carries out data sampling, at the output of light receiving tube, produces the binary code corresponding with pointer position, by light is connectThe input port that the output of closed tube is connected to single-chip microcomputer reads in data in binary code, makes to process pointer position and scale valueBetween the process of relation convert the process of processing relation between light receiving tube output code and reading value to, processing procedure is by monolithicMachine internal processes completes.
Fig. 9 has provided the pointer position in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionPut photoelectric sensing apparatus code generation process schematic diagram, in figure: the other great circle of graduation mark represents transmission type photoelectric switch annular squareLight receiving tube in battle array, the roundlet in great circle represents the critical closure circle of light receiving tube, when fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen covers roundlet completelyTime receiving tube end completely, roundlet is solid shape and represents that light receiving tube is in cut-off state, roundlet is hollow shape and represents light-receivingPipe is in conducting state, and α is that the angle between light receiving tube critical closure circle and two tangent lines of pointer axle center O point formation is lightThe width of receiving tube critical closure circle, Arabic numerals are the Unified number of scale value and light receiving tube, with variable, n represents theseAny one in numbering, wherein: n=0,19, the front and back order of numbering is 0,19,0, scallop is divided into fanShape anti-dazzling screen, the angular bisector that OP is fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen, OA is in the fixed situation of the fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen of hypothesis, angular bisectorFirst inswept fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen straight flange when OP turns clockwise around the needle pivot heart, OB is rear inswept fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen straight flange,The central angle that its two straight flange OA and OB and O point form is β, D, 2 line and light receiving tube critical closure circle phases of ordering with O of ECut, the angle between left figure straight line OD and straight line OE is 72 °+α, and the angle between right figure straight line OD and straight line OE is 36 °+α,Drops part is pointer, and dot-hatched part is single tube cut-off region, and its width is γ, and body of wall shape dash area is two-tube sectionOnly region, its width is δ=36 °-γ, the numeral beyond maximum cylindrical is the code in each code region. Due to the tip of pointer withThe angular bisector of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen overlaps, the angular bisector present position of the following description pointer present position and fan-shaped shadingOf equal value, in addition in full all relate to width and apart from these two terms all taking angle as unit.
From the right figure of Fig. 9, can find out: fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen as testee by the clockwise direction of arrow indication in figureRotate a circle, light-emitting tube and light receiving tube in the transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array of cutting centered by mechanical indicator axle centerBetween light path, follow light receiving tube alternate conduction and cut-off in the ring quasi array of transmission type photoelectric switch, the circle that anti-dazzling screen is insweptBe divided into the region of 20 different codes week, select the angle of suitable fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen central angle, just can make these codesThe code in region occurs following two types: 1. single tube cut-off category code, be characterized in this region, and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen angle is flatSeparated time is positioned at taking any graduation mark within the angular range of symmetry axis left and right ± γ/2, this region cover a graduation mark andA light receiving tube, makes this light receiving tube in cut-off state, and all the other light receiving tubes need conducting state, with in cut-off shapeThe numbering variable n of the light receiving tube of state is code value, and single tube cut-off category code represents with variable n; 2. two-tube cut-off category code, itsFeature is in this region, and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen angular bisector is positioned at the left and right taking the angular bisector of any two graduation marks as symmetry axisWithin the angular range of ± δ/2, this region covers two graduation mark light receiving tubes adjacent with two, makes this two adjacent light receiving tubesIn cut-off state, all the other light receiving tubes are in conducting state, with adjacent two the light receiving tube n in cut-off state, n+1 orderNumber forward numbering variable n is code value, and two-tube cut-off category code represents with variable m, m=n+ constant 10. Enter with artificial meter readingRow analogy, single tube cut-off class is corresponding with the situation of visual pointer on graduation mark, two-tube cut-off class and visual pointer inArticle two, the situation between graduation mark is corresponding. Pointer position is converted to after digital code, on the one hand at needs to pointer in twoBetween adjacent graduation mark or on graduation mark or while judging, can by code, whether > 10 make corresponding judgement,If particularly code < 10 represents that pointer is on graduation mark, otherwise represent that pointer is between two adjacent graduation marks, anotherOn the one hand at needs to pointer in the counterclockwise side of " 0 " graduation mark or on " 0 " graduation mark or in " 0 " graduation mark up timeWhen pin side judges, can make corresponding judgement by the value of code, if particularly code n > 5 or m-10 > 5, tableFirst finger pin is in the counterclockwise side of " 0 " graduation mark, otherwise represents pointer on " 0 " graduation mark or clockwise in " 0 " graduation markSide.
It is much comparatively suitable to select as for the central angle of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen actually, and Fig. 9 has also provided the fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen center of circleAngle angle How to choose schematic diagram, the condition of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen central angle angle Selection is that fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen only at any timeCan make in the ring quasi array of transmission type photoelectric switch one or adjacent two light-emitting tubes in cut-off state, can from figureGo out, first, due in the ring quasi array of transmission type photoelectric switch, between adjacent light receiving tube, distance is 36 °, therefore will ensure fanShape anti-dazzling screen covers the critical closure circle of two light receiving tubes simultaneously, and it is β >=36 °+α that central angle must satisfy condition, as left figure instituteShow, the straight flange OA of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen and OB overlap with straight line OE and OD respectively, β=closed interval (36 °+α), this be β optionallyLittle value; Secondly due in the ring quasi array of transmission type photoelectric switch, between two light receiving tubes of the light receiving tube in interval, distance is72 °, therefore to avoid fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen to cover the critical closure circle of three light receiving tubes simultaneously, it is β that central angle must satisfy condition72 °+α of <, as shown at right, the straight flange OA of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen and OB overlap with straight line OE and OD respectively, (72 °, β=open interval+ α), this is the optional maximum of β. At error and a pointer position that has gear return difference, a fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen installation siteIn photoelectric sensing apparatus in the system of photoelectric tube optical property difference, fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen angle should avoid the minimum and maximum can as far as possibleValue, is advisable to get median, the optional minimum of a value of preferably fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen angle beta=fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen width+(fan-shapedThe optional minimum of a value of the optional maximum of anti-dazzling screen width-fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen width)/2=(36 °+α)+((72 °+α)-(36°＋α)〕/2＝54°＋α。
From left figure, it can also be seen that central angle β, critical closure circle width α and the single tube cut-off region field width of fan-shaped anti-dazzling screenThere is following relational expression between γ three in degree: γ+β=72 °+α, therefrom solves single tube cut-off region width: γ=72 °-β+ α, along with the variation of β between minimum of a value and maximum, the width of γ changes within the scope of the degree of open interval (0,72), at βBe preferably in the situation of 54 °+α, γ=(72 °+α)-β=(72 °+α)-(54 °+α)=72 °-54 °=18 °, upperState in computational process, due to α automatically cancellation in computational process, therefore γ and α are irrelevant, as long as select β=54 °+α, single tube endsPeak width equates with two-tube cut-off region width, and this is also that preferred β is the inevitable conclusion that median draws.
Taking the mechanical pointer counter of two gears as example, the method that how the present invention is completed to meter reading is carried out belowFurther analyze.
Figure 11 has one in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionThe mechanical pointer counter of two gears carries out the example schematic of data acquisition process, and problem is imitated at this for convenience of explanationClock structure, transmission type photoelectric switch matrix, pointer, anti-dazzling screen and the calibration circle of two grades be totally one center of circle, in figure: the roundlet of outer ringFor the critical closure circle of high-order light receiving tube, inner ring roundlet is the critical closure circle of low level light receiving tube, larger fan-shaped of areaPart and internal pointer thereof represent high-order fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen and high bit pointer, the fan-shaped part that area is less and internal pointer generation thereofThe table fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen of low level and low bit pointer, appropriately select the loophole aperture on anti-dazzling screen, makes α=6 °, according to fan-shaped screeningOptimum condition β=54 of mating plate angle °+α, has β=60 °, single tube cut-off region width gamma=± 9 °, and the absolute width of γ is18°。
Enter in order to be illustrated more clearly in optoelectronic position sensing device optoelectronic position sensing device processing in the embodiment of the present inventionThe operation principle of position problem, is incorporated herein transmission type photoelectric switch annular square in the pointer anglec of rotation and optoelectronic position sensing deviceThe computing formula of relation between battle array output code, Figure 10 is the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data of the specific embodiment of the inventionThe fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen anglec of rotation and code relation schematic diagram in harvester, in figure: x is the anglec of rotation that OP arrives " 0 " graduation markDegree (this angle get clockwise on the occasion of, get counterclockwise negative value), in fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen two straight flanges: OA is to revolving between " 0 " graduation markGyration is x+ β/2; OB is x-β/2 to the anglec of rotation between " 0 " graduation mark. Respectively to (x+ β/2) and (x-β/2)Business divided by 36 rounds, and result is denoted as nAAnd nB, to determine OA and code region, OB place, to (x+ β/2) mould 36 complementations, resultBe denoted as yA, determining the distance between the nearest graduation mark that OA and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen covered, deduct (x-β/2) with 36Mould 36 complementations, result is denoted as yB, to determine the distance between the nearest graduation mark that OB and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen covered. After arrangementArrive following pointer position and code relation computing formula:
nA＝〈(x＋β/2)/36〉1
nB＝〈(x－β/2)/36〉＋12
yA＝(x＋β/2)mod363
yB＝36－(x－β/2)mod364
If yA>=α/2, nACut-off, if yB>=α/2, nBCut-off.
If nA≠nB, pointer is n in codeB+ 10 two-tube cut-off region; If nA＝nB, pointer in code isnA/nBSingle tube cut-off region (back slash "/" represents multinomially to select, lower with).
In formula: angle brackets < > represents business's rounding operation. In Yuan Kuo ﹙ ﹚, operation result is to be greater than 360 number, continuousDeduct 360 until result is to be less than 360 positive number or 0; For negative adds that 360 until result is positive number or 0 continuously.
For example x=145 ° has:
nA＝〈(x＋β/2)/36〉＝〈(145+30)/36〉＝4;
nA＝〈(x－β/2)/36〉＋1＝〈(145-30)/36〉+1＝4;
yA＝(x＋β/2)mod36＝(145+30)mod36＝31;
yB＝36－(x－β/2)mod36＝36－(145－30)mod36＝29;
Due to yA、yB>=3, therefore nA、nBCut-off, due to nA＝nB=4, therefore No. 4 light receiving tube cut-offs, pointer is in generationCode is 4 single tube cut-off region.
For example x=157 ° has:
nA＝〈(x＋β/2)/36〉＝〈(157+30)/36〉＝5;
nB＝〈(x－β/2)/36〉＋1＝〈(157-30)/36〉+1＝4;
yA＝(x＋β/2)mod36＝(157+30)mod36＝7;
yB＝36－(x－β/2)mod36＝36－(157－30)mod36＝17;
Due to yA、yB>=3, therefore nA、nBCut-off, due to nA＝5,nB=4, thus No. 4 and No. 5 light receiving tube cut-offs, pointerThe two-tube cut-off region that is 14 in code.
Below respectively to high-order transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array output single tube cut-off code word in this example and two-tube sectionData processing method while stopping category code is illustrated.
One. high-order transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array output single tube cut-off category code:
When Figure 11 (a) two figure in about are respectively the high bit pointer single tube cut-off region both bounded sides point that is 0 in codeHigh-low-position pointer distribution map, the high bit pointer of left figure in code be 19 with the code code region point of interface that is 0 on, a right figure high positionPointer in code be 0 with the code code region point of interface that is 10 on, the high bit pointer of two figure respectively apart from " 0 " graduation mark-9 ° and9 ° of ﹢, according to the decimal system relation between adjacent pointer, the low bit pointer of two figure 90 ° of distance " 0 " graduation mark-90 ° and ﹢ respectively. WillLow bit pointer anglec of rotation x=-90 and x=90 and β=60, α=6 substitution formula 1-4, can calculate low level code respectivelyBe 17 and 12 (computational process is omitted), between 17 and 12 clockwise directions of code region, whole codes that low level may occurBe 17/8/18/9/19/0/10/1/11/2/12, these codes are to judge whether an adjacent high position parameter of carry occurs. Now highThe code combination that low level may occur is { 0 } { 17/8/18/9/19/0/10/1/11
/ 2/12 }, because low level is without adjacent low level, low bit readings replaces units numerical value in code, and its reading is 7/8/9/0/1/2. Because high-order code is single tube cut-off class, there is carry problem to need to process, according to the reasoning process of artificial meter reading, by above-mentionedCode combination is divided into { 0 } { 17/8/18/9/19 } and { 0 } { 0/10/1/11
/ 2/12 } two groups, the equal > 5 of the value of units in last group of low level code, represents that high bit pointer is in " 0 " graduation markSide counterclockwise, a high position does not complete carry, high place reading replaces code 0 and deducts 1(subtraction with borrow, 0-1=9), two place readings are 97/98/99; In rear one group of low level code, the value of units all ≯ 5, represents high bit pointer or on " 0 " graduation mark or in " 0 " scaleThe clockwise side of line, a high position has completed carry, and it is 00/01/02 that high place reading directly replaces code 0, two place reading. Two group number-readings closeBe 97/98/99/00/01/02, replace high-order code in above-mentioned code combination with any one single tube cut-off region code n0, the code combination obtaining is { n } { 17/8/18/9/19/0/10/1/11/2 }, and the reading of two is ((n-1) × 10+7/8/9〕/〔n×10＋0/1/2〕。
Two. two-tube cut-off category code is exported in the ring quasi array of high-order transmission type photoelectric switch:
High-low-position pointer minute when Figure 11 (b) is the high bit pointer two-tube cut-off region both bounded sides point that is 19 in codeButut, the high bit pointer of left figure in code be 9 with the code code region point of interface that is 19 on, the high bit pointer of right figure is in codeBe 19 with the code code region point of interface that is 0 on, the high bit pointer of two figure distance " 0 " graduation mark-27 and-9 ° respectively, according toBetween adjacent pointer ten enters relation, and the low bit pointer of two figure distance " 0 " graduation mark-270 ° and-90 ° respectively, by low bit pointerAnglec of rotation x=-270, x=-90, β=60 and α=6 substitution formula 1-4, can calculate low level code and be respectively 17 and 12(computational process is omitted), code 12 and/17 clockwise between the low level code that may occur be 12/3/13/4/14
/ 5/15/6/16/7/17, high-low-position code combination is { 19 } { 12/3/13/4/14/5/15/6/16/7/17 }, withUpper one to save in like manner low bit readings be 2/3/4/5/6/7. Because high bit pointer is in two-tube cut-off region, no-carry problem will be locatedReason, according to the reasoning process of artificial meter reading, high-order reading replaces units 9 in code, so two place readings are 92/93/94/95/96/97. With high-order code 19 in any one two-tube cut-off region code m=n+10 displacement code combination. Can obtain twoPlace reading is n × 10+2/3/4/5/6/7.
According to analyze, when high bit pointer in code be n, code be m=n+10 and code be n+1 three continuouslyIn code regional extent time, the code combination of high-low-position is { n } { 17/8/18/9/19/0/10/1
/11/2/12｝/｛m｝｛12/3/14/14/5/15/6/16/7/17｝/｛n+1｝｛17/8/18/9/19/0/10
/ 1/11/2/12 } two place readings that, obtain after processing are ((n-1) × 10+7/8/9)/((n) × 10+0/1/2/3/4/5/6/7)/16 numerical value such as ((n-1) × 10+7/8/9/0/1/2), these numbers increase progressively one by one, and head and the tail differ 16, canSee the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the invention, to the mechanical pointer of two gearsCounter can carry out continuously, accurately and non-blind area ground data automatically read.
As for the mechanical pointer counter of more gears, can be by the combination between two of the code of adjacent gear, according to from lowPosition, to high-order sequential processes, with progressively reasoning of said method, finally obtains the reading of each gear.
Figure 12 is the data processing stream of the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the specific embodiment of the inventionCheng Tu, below single-chip microcomputer in the mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester of the present invention of summarizing according to the above descriptionData prescribing method, is described further program circuit in conjunction with Figure 12.
One has the mechanical pointer counter of P shelves integer-bit, with variable k represent in integer-bit gear number arbitrarilyPosition, represents the Unified number of 10 light receiving tubes in described graduation mark and the ring quasi array of described transmission type photoelectric switch with variable nIn arbitrary number, wherein: wherein: k=0,1,2P-1, k=0 is lowest order, k=P-1 be highest order, n=0,1,29, the front and back of numbering order is 0,1,29,0. By pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus, each integer-bit is referred toSample and obtain P code in pin position, taking the numbering variable n of the light receiving tube in cut-off state as code value, single tube cutsOnly category code represents with variable n; With adjacent two light receiving tubes numbering variable n in cut-off state, forward numbering in n+1Variable n is code value, and two-tube cut-off category code represents with variable m, and m=n+ constant 10 defines two array N (P-1), array S(P-1) deposits respectively code value and the reading value of each integer-bit, is designated as integer-bit gear number variable k under array element, first logicalCross a data cyclic program, by pointer optoelectronic position sensing device, pointer position is sampled, cyclic variable is k, followsRing starts to finish to k=P-1 from k=0, and in cyclic process, each integer-bit pointer position converts code n or m assignment to array unitElement N (k), next enter data processor, data processing according to from low level to a high position the order from k=0 to P-1 enterOK, first convert lowest order code value to reading value, in transfer process, if N (0) < 10, by N (0) assignment to S (0),Otherwise to S (0), then program enters the major cycle journey that all the other every code values is converted to reading value by N (0)-10 assignmentOrder, circulation starts to finish to k > P-1 from k=1, in cyclic process, if N (k) < 10 represents that k bit pointer cuts in single tubeOnly, in region, there is carry problem to need to process, determine the value of S (k) with reference to the value of S (k-1), if S (k-1) > 5 represents k-1Bit pointer is in the counterclockwise side of " 0 " graduation mark, by N (k)-1 assignment to S (k), otherwise explanation pointer on " 0 " graduation mark orIn the clockwise side of " 0 " graduation mark, by N (k) assignment to S (k); If N (k) >=10, represents that pointer is in two-tube cut-off region,No-carry problem, by N (k)-10 assignment, to S (k), the reading of final mechanical pointer counter integer-bit is: S (P-1) 10P -1＋S〔P-2〕·10p-2＋···＋S〔k〕·10k＋···S〔1〕·101＋S〔0〕·100. According to above flow chartCan use the direct coding of C language.
In above description, set forth a lot of details so that fully understand the present invention, but above description is onlyPreferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention can implement to be much different from alternate manner described here, therefore originallyInvention is not subject to the restriction of disclosed concrete enforcement above. Any skilled personnel are not departing from the technology of the present invention simultaneouslyIn scheme scope situation, all can utilize the method for above-mentioned announcement and technology contents technical solution of the present invention to be made many possibleChange and modify, or being revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations. Every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, according to thisThe technical spirit of invention, to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all still belongs to skill of the present inventionArt.
Claims (8)
1. a data processing method for mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester, the mechanical indicator of application the methodFormula counter photooptical data harvester comprises pointer (1), pointer output shaft (10), pointer axle key (14), dial (2), carvesDegree circle (17), graduation mark (16), locating hole (19), positioning screw hole (18), dog screw (9), counter gear box (11), pointerPosition photoelectric sensing apparatus, serial communication device and SCM system, described pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus comprises light expelling plate(6), light receiving plate (3) and therebetween aperture plate (4) and fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5), described pointer position photoelectric sensing dressBetween described dial (2) and described counter gear box (11), and by described dog screw (9) and described countingDevice gearcase (11) links together, and has multiple light-emitting tubes (8) on described smooth expelling plate (6), on described light receiving plate (3)There are multiple light receiving tubes (7), described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5), described pointer (1) and described pointer output shaft (10) interlock, instituteState pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus the pointer position data that detect are passed to described SCM system, logical by described serialNews device externally sends data; It is characterized in that, described mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester also comprises: describedThe integer-bit calibration circle (17) of dial (2) is all provided with by described in one with the vertical lower at every graduation mark (16) intersection point placeThe transmission type photoelectric switch element of light-emitting tube (8) and a described light receiving tube (7) composition, these transmission type photoelectric switch listsUnit is evenly distributed on axle center taking integer-bit pointer output shaft (10) on the circumference in the center of circle taking 10 as one group, and common composition is manyThe transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array that group is made up of 10 transmission type photoelectric switch elements; One is provided with mechanical pointer meterThe mechanical pointer counter with P shelves integer-bit of number device photooptical data harvester, represents integer-bit gear number with variable kIn any position, represent 10 light receiving tubes in described graduation mark and the ring quasi array of described transmission type photoelectric switch with variable nArbitrary number in Unified number, wherein: k=0,1,2P-1, k=0 is lowest order, k=P-1 be highest order, n=0,1,29, the front and back order of numbering is 0,1,29,0, by described pointer position photoelectric sensing apparatus to each wholeLight receiving tube in the described transmission type photoelectric switch ring quasi array that the described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen of numerical digit blocks carries out data acquisitionSample, can obtain P the code corresponding with each integer-bit pointer position, and these codes divide two classes, and a class is single tube cut-off class generationCode, taking the numbering variable n of the light receiving tube in cut-off state as code value, single tube cut-off category code is denoted as n; Another kind of is twoPipe cut-off category code, with adjacent two light receiving tubes numbering variable n in cut-off state, numbering variable n forward in n+1 isCode value, two-tube cut-off category code is denoted as m=n+ constant 10, defines two array N (P-1), array S (P-1) and deposits respectively respectivelyThe code value of integer-bit and reading value, be designated as integer-bit gear number variable k under array element, be located to carry out data processing and startBefore, the code value of each integer-bit has completed the assignment to array N (P-1), and data processing is according to carrying out to high-order order from low level,First program converts minimum integer-bit code value to reading value, in transfer process, if N (0) < 10 gives N (0) assignmentS (0), otherwise by N (0)-10 assignment to S (0), then enter the master who converts the code value of all the other each integer-bit to reading value and followRound trip order, cyclic variable starts to finish to k > P-1 from k=1, in cyclic process, if N (k) < 10, with reference to the value of S (k-1)Determine the value of S (k), if S (k-1) > 5, by N (k)-1 assignment to S (k), otherwise by N (k) assignment to S (k); If N (k) >=10, by N (k)-10 assignment to S (k), the reading of final mechanical pointer counter integer-bit is: S (P-1) 10P-1＋S〔P-2〕·10p-2＋···＋S〔k〕·10k＋···S〔1〕·101＋S〔0〕·100, regulation: when n=9, n+1=0; N (k)=0 o'clock, N (k)-1=9.
2. the data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) is coaxial with described pointer (1), by described pointer axle key (14) and described fan-shaped shadingSheet keyway (15) connects, and makes described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) and described pointer (1) form interaction relation, described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5)Coaxial with described pointer output shaft (10), be enclosed within described pointer output shaft (10) by described anti-dazzling screen axis hole (20) upper, make instituteState fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) and form hemicompact matching relationship with described pointer output shaft (10).
3. the data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, have multiple loopholes (13) on described aperture plate (4), described loophole (13) is all positioned at described dial high scaleOn the vertical lower position at circle (17) and graduation mark (16) intersection point place.
4. the data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) is positioned between described smooth expelling plate (6) and described aperture plate (4), the fan-shaped shading of odd bitsSheet (5) is placed in respectively in two Different Plane with the fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen of even bit (5).
5. the data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, adopt many described dog screws (9), through described dial (2), described light receiving plate (3), described aperture plate(4) the described locating hole (19) and on described smooth expelling plate (6), is fixed on the described location on described counter gear box (11)On screw (18).
6. the data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, the central angle angle of described fan-shaped anti-dazzling screen (5) is at the width to 64.8 ° of 43.2 °+light receiving tube critical closure circleBetween the width of+light receiving tube critical closure circle.
7. the data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, described mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester can be applied in the multiple tool that comprises water meter, gas meter, flow meterHave in the instrument of mechanical type dial counter.
8. the data processing method of mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be, the data processing method of described mechanical pointer counter photooptical data harvester can be applied in comprise water meter,In the multiple instrument with mechanical indicating pointer formula counter of gas meter, flow meter.
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