CN102828792B - Thermal power plant combined heat system and thermal power plant - Google Patents
Thermal power plant combined heat system and thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102828792B CN102828792B CN201210328410.XA CN201210328410A CN102828792B CN 102828792 B CN102828792 B CN 102828792B CN 201210328410 A CN201210328410 A CN 201210328410A CN 102828792 B CN102828792 B CN 102828792B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal power plant combined heat system and a thermal power plant. The thermal power plant comprises a primary reheat condensing steam unit and a backpressure unit; and the combined heat system comprises a heat system of the primary reheat condensing steam unit and a heat system of the backpressure unit, wherein the heat system of the primary reheat condensing steam unit and the heat system of the backpressure unit share a heat recovery system from a condenser to a deaerator; condensation water of the primary reheat condensing steam unit and the supplement demineralized water of the backpressure unit are divided into two paths through the shared heat recovery system; and one path enters the primary reheat condensing steam unit, and the other path enters the backpressure unit. According to the combined heat system, the requirements of industrial high capacity and high parameter heat supply can be simultaneously met, the thermal cycle efficiency is greatly improved, the fuel consumption is reduced, and the pollutant discharge is reduced; and meanwhile, the power plant investment can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power equipment, be specifically related to the thermodynamic system in thermal power plant.
Background technique
Prior art, in the power plant adopting steam turbine generating and heat supply, usually adopts the external heat supply of steam turbine intermediate extraction of single reheat Condensing steam turine, or takes the external heat supply of the turbine discharge of back pressure unit.
For the single reheat Condensing steam turine adopting steam turbine intermediate extraction external heat supply, mainly there is following two problems: first, the ratio that the vapour amount of steam turbine intermediate extraction accounts for steam turbine total vapour amount is less, and heating load is little; Secondly, the pressure requirements of steam supply is stablized, but the reduction of the pressure random group load of steam turbine intermediate extraction and reducing, in order to meet pressure of steam supply requirement when ensureing low-load, needing to carry out reducing pressure by regulating flow to high pressure extraction during high load, there is acting capacity loss.
Such as conventional 1000MW single reheat Condensing steam turine, the maximum heat capacity only about 200t/h of intermediate extraction.And, to the high pressure heat supply of about 5MPa, in order to meet low-load pressure requirements, need from main vapour (high load is about 25MPa) throttling; Pressing heat supply in about 1MPa, in order to meet low-load pressure requirements, needing, from reheating (high load is about 6MPa) throttling, therefore to there is larger restriction loss.
For the back pressure unit of the external heat supply of turbine discharge of employing back pressure unit, main Problems existing is: first, and the generated energy change of unit is with heating load change, and heating load reduces then generated energy and reduces, and shuts down without generator set during heat supply; Secondly, the generate output of back pressure unit is less, and the back pressure unit of largest domestic is about 80MW, far below the single reheat condensing generator set (300 ~ 1000MW) of routine.
But a lot of area had both also existed a large amount of high parameter process heat demands at present, also there is a large amount of needs for electricity simultaneously.Although the Large Copacity generating single reheat Condensing steam turine of the external heat supply of employing steam turbine intermediate extraction of routine can meet need for electricity, heat demand cannot be met simultaneously.And although the back pressure unit of the external heat supply of employing turbine discharge of routine can meet heat demand, need for electricity simultaneously cannot be met.
Current present situation namely builds independent Large Copacity generating single reheat Condensing steam turine, builds again independent Large Copacity heat supply back pressure unit simultaneously.Therefore investment is large, there is waste to a certain degree simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of thermal power generating technology simultaneously meeting industrial Large Copacity and high parameter heat demand.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of thermal power plant associating thermodynamic system, described thermal power plant comprises single reheat Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that:
Described associating thermodynamic system comprises the thermodynamic system of single reheat Condensing steam turine and the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit;
The described thermodynamic system of single reheat Condensing steam turine and the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit share the heat regenerative system from vapour condenser to oxygen-eliminating device;
The water of condensation of described single reheat Condensing steam turine and the supplementary demineralized water of described back pressure unit are divided into two-way after described shared heat regenerative system, and a road enters described single reheat Condensing steam turine, and another road enters described back pressure unit.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described shared heat regenerative system comprises vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device and by described vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, the piping that oxygen-eliminating device couples together.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermodynamic system of described single reheat Condensing steam turine comprises: single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, high-pressure heater and by described single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, the circulation system that high-pressure heater couples together.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermodynamic system of described back pressure unit comprises boiler, feed water pump and high-pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, enter the feed water pump of back pressure unit from the oxygen-eliminating device of single reheat Condensing steam turine water of condensation out and supplementary demineralized water, and entered the high-pressure heater of back pressure unit by feed water pump.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure heater of described back pressure unit is connected with the high-pressure cylinder of described single reheat Condensing steam turine or intermediate pressure cylinder, heats water of condensation in back pressure unit and demineralized water to use from drawing gas of described high-pressure cylinder or intermediate pressure cylinder.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler of back pressure unit is without reheating type boiler, and the steam after boiler heating enters the high-pressure cylinder acting of back pressure unit, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler of back pressure unit has reheating type boiler, has reheating type boiler, again heat rear external heat supply by reheater described in the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge of back pressure unit can enter.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described associating thermodynamic system also comprises external heating piping, and described external heating piping comprises steam discharge heat supply pipeline and/or extraction for heat supply pipeline.
Present invention also offers a kind of thermal power plant, described thermal power plant comprises single reheat Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of described single reheat Condensing steam turine and the thermodynamic system of described back pressure unit adopt above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system.
The present invention is based on the basic backheat principle of thermodynamic cycle, the heat regenerative system of single reheat Condensing steam turine and the heat regenerative system of back pressure unit are organically joined together, utilize water of condensation and the feedwater of the heating back pressure unit that draws gas of single reheat Condensing steam turine, meet the demand of Large Copacity generating and Large Copacity high parameter industrial heating simultaneously.And more reclaimed the latent heat of vaporization of Condensing steam turine, thus significantly improve the efficiency of thermal cycle of joint backheating unit, reduced fuel consumption, decreasing pollution thing discharges.In addition, mutually pining down of generating and heat supply is less, and the load variations of heat supply and power supply can independent regulation, and operational flexibility improves, and unit is to generate electricity and the different changes in demand of heating load have good adaptability.In addition, except heat regenerative system shares, many systems of Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit, comprise water, fuel etc., can share, thus significantly reduce investment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the conventional single reheat Condensing steam turine exemplary thermal system of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a kind of conventional back pressures unit exemplary thermal system of prior art;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the another kind of conventional back pressures unit exemplary thermal system of prior art;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of another conventional back pressures unit exemplary thermal system of prior art;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the single reheat Condensing steam turine across unit backheat of the first embodiment of the present invention and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the single reheat Condensing steam turine across unit backheat according to another embodiment of the present invention and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system; And
Fig. 7 is the flow chart according to the single reheat Condensing steam turine across unit backheat of one more embodiment of the present invention and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, so that clearer understanding objects, features and advantages of the present invention.It should be understood that embodiment shown in the drawings is not limitation of the scope of the invention, and the connotation just in order to technical solution of the present invention is described.In the present invention, the reference character that in each embodiment, same or analogous element numeral is identical.
Below, major technique term of the present invention is described.
Herein, backheat refers to the latent heat of vaporization of recovered steam, to improve efficiency of thermal cycle.
Herein, single reheat refers to that steam turbine acting intermediate steam enters boiler again, and after heating, back-steam turbine continues acting.
Herein, Condensing steam turine refers to that in unit, the steam discharge of steam turbine enters the unit of vacuum type vapour condenser.
Herein, back pressure unit refers to the whole heat supply with pressure of the steam discharge of steam turbine in unit, and does not enter the unit of vacuum type vapour condenser.
Fig. 1 illustrates conventional single reheat Condensing steam turine exemplary thermal system flow chart in prior art.As shown in Figure 1, by low-pressure heater (group) 3 after boosting from vapour condenser 1 condensate utilization condensate pump 2 out, water of condensation utilizes steam turbine low-pressure to draw gas after heat temperature raising and enters oxygen-eliminating device 4 in low-pressure heater (group) 3, after utilizing extracted steam from turbine to heat also deoxygenation in oxygen-eliminating device, by high-pressure heater (group) 6 after utilizing feed water pump 5 to boost, in high-pressure heater (group) 6, utilize turbine high-pressure to draw gas after heat temperature raising, enter main boiler 7, in main boiler, become superheated vapor after heating.
Steam enters steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 9 and does work, and high-pressure cylinder 9 steam discharge enters boiler single reheat device 71, again enters Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 10 after heating and does work, intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge enters low pressure (LP) cylinder 11 and does work, last low pressure (LP) cylinder steam discharge enters vapour condenser 1, condenses into water, carries out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
As shown in Figure 1, in existing conventional single reheat Condensing steam turine exemplary thermal system, usually adopt steam turbine intermediate extraction (such as drawing gas from high-pressure cylinder) externally heat supply.
Fig. 2 illustrates the exemplary thermal system flow chart of back pressure unit conventional in prior art.As shown in Figure 2, demineralized water (also referred to as supplementary demineralized water) supplements inlet water tank 12, charging pump 13 is utilized to boost, by low-pressure heater (group) 14, in low-pressure heater (group), utilize steam turbine low-pressure to draw gas after heat temperature raising enter oxygen-eliminating device 15, after utilizing extracted steam from turbine to heat also deoxygenation in oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump 16 is utilized to boost, then by high-pressure heater (group) 17, in high-pressure heater (group) 17, utilize turbine high-pressure to draw gas after heat temperature raising, enter boiler 18, heat rear steam by boiler 18 to enter steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 19 and do work, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge.Or high-pressure cylinder 19 steam discharge also can enter boiler 20, externally heat supply or directly externally heat supply after again being heated by reheater 201, as shown in Figure 3.Or, from Fig. 3 after reheater 201, enter Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 21 and do work, the external heat supply of intermediate pressure cylinder 21 steam discharge, as shown in Figure 4.Finally, the working medium that external heat supply reduces supplements inlet water tank 12 by demineralized water, carries out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
It is pointed out that back pressure unit can not have intermediate extraction heat supply, also can have 1 grade or multistage intermediate extraction heat supply.
Can find out, in the thermodynamic system in single reheat Condensing steam turine and in back pressure unit, have multiple same or analogous equipment from Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.Therefore, the principle of the invention is to provide a kind of associating thermodynamic system, make Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit can share some equipment, reduce costs thus and improve the efficiency of thermodynamic system, and meeting a large amount of high parameter process heat demands and a large amount of needs for electricity simultaneously.
Fig. 5 illustrates the flow chart according to the single reheat Condensing steam turine across unit backheat of the first embodiment of the present invention and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system.As shown in Figure 5, the water of condensation of single reheat Condensing steam turine and the supplementary demineralized water of back pressure unit enter the vapour condenser 1 that single reheat Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit share, the condensate pump 2 shared is utilized to boost, by the low-pressure heater (group) 3 shared, enter shared oxygen-eliminating device 4 after intensification, after oxygen-eliminating device, be divided into two-way.
The feed water pump 5 of single reheat Condensing steam turine of leading up to boosts (usual pressure is high compared with the pressure of back pressure unit), enter the high-pressure heater (group) 6 of single reheat Condensing steam turine, the boiler 7 of single reheat Condensing steam turine is entered after intensification, enter steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 9 by steam after boiler heating to do work, high-pressure cylinder 9 steam discharge enters boiler single reheat device 71, again enter Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 10 after heating to do work, intermediate pressure cylinder 10 steam discharge enters low pressure (LP) cylinder 11 and does work, last low pressure (LP) cylinder 11 steam discharge enters vapour condenser 1, condense into water, carry out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
The feed water pump 16 of back pressure unit of separately leading up to boosts (usual pressure is low compared with the pressure of single reheat Condensing steam turine), enter in the high-pressure heater 17(high-pressure heater 17 of back pressure unit, what be used for heat-setting water and supplementary demineralized water draws gas from single reheat Condensing steam turine, according to operating mode, can from the high-pressure cylinder 9 in single reheat Condensing steam turine, or intermediate pressure cylinder 10), the boiler 18 of back pressure unit is entered after high-pressure heater 17 heat temperature raising, heat rear steam by boiler 18 to enter steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 19 and do work, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge, as shown in Figure 5.Or high-pressure cylinder 19 steam discharge also can enter boiler 20, externally heat supply or directly externally heat supply after again being heated by reheater 201, as shown in Figure 6.Or, after reheater 201 heat again, enter Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 21 do work, the external heat supply of intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge, as shown in Figure 7.The working medium that external heat supply reduces is supplemented into vapour condenser by demineralized water, carries out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
In above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, because the water of condensation of back pressure unit and the heating of feedwater are drawn gas from single reheat Condensing steam turine, decrease the exhaust steam heat loss of single reheat Condensing steam turine, thus improve thermodynamic system cycle efficiency.
Because heat supply is provided by back pressure unit, therefore the confession heat affecting of change to back pressure unit that single reheat Condensing steam turine changes with power load is very little.Because power supply provides primarily of single reheat Condensing steam turine, therefore back pressure unit is very little with the power supply impact of the change changed by heat load on single reheat Condensing steam turine.In a word, the requirement of different heating demand and power load can be met flexibly.
In addition, in above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, the thermodynamic system of single reheat Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit is joined together across unit, and two units share the heat regenerative system from vapour condenser to oxygen-eliminating device, comprise vapour condenser 1, condensate pump 2, low-pressure heater 3, oxygen-eliminating device 4 and relevant piping.Thus the water tank 12, charging pump 13, low-pressure heater (group) 14, oxygen-eliminating device 15 and the relevant piping that eliminate in the back pressure unit of prior art routine, greatly can reduce equipment cost thus, significantly reduce investment.
For the joint backheating unit that 1000MW single reheat condensing steam turbine generator and 1000t/h back pressure steam turbine generator form, according to measuring and calculating: total generating capacity can reach about 1100MW, total high pressure industrial heating ability can reach about 1200t/h; Heat capacity is considerably beyond the 200t/h of independent single reheat Condensing steam turine, and generating capacity is considerably beyond the 80MW of back pressure unit; The coal consumption of 1000MW single reheat Condensing steam turine can be reduced about 20g/kW.h, economize on coal about 100,000 tons/year year, improve economic well-being of workers and staff about 1.0 hundred million/year, reduce discharging CO2 about 400,000 tons/year; Compare with independent 1000t/h back pressure unit with independent 1000MW single reheat Condensing steam turine, total cost reduces about 1,000,000,000 yuan.
In addition, it is pointed out that in associating thermodynamic system of the present invention, the heat regenerative system pipeline receiving back pressure unit from single reheat Condensing steam turine can adopt existing any suitable pipeline.
In associating thermodynamic system of the present invention, although not shown, existing any suitable heating piping can be adopted to carry out heat supply, comprise steam discharge heat supply pipeline and/or extraction for heat supply pipeline.
In associating thermodynamic system of the present invention, the quantity of heater (comprising low-pressure heater and high-pressure heater) can be 1, also can be multiple.Usually, heater (the comprising oxygen-eliminating device) progression of single reheat Condensing steam turine is 7 ~ 10 grades.Heater also can be single-row, and also can be biserial or multiple row, the capacity optimization according to single reheat Condensing steam turine be determined.
In associating thermodynamic system of the present invention, back pressure unit can be boiler without reheating (as shown in Figure 5), also can be that boiler has reheating, steam turbine without reheating (as shown in Figure 6), also can be that boiler, steam turbine all have reheating (as shown in Figure 7).
In above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, back pressure unit can not have intermediate extraction heat supply, can have 1 grade or multistage intermediate extraction heat supply yet.
In above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, the boiler of back pressure unit can be without reheating type boiler (as shown in Figure 5), also can be have reheating type boiler (as shown in Figures 6 and 7)
In above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, the steam turbine generator of back pressure unit can be without reheating pattern steam turbine generator (as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6), also can be have reheating pattern steam turbine generator (as shown in Figure 7)
The present invention is based on the basic backheat principle of thermodynamic cycle, the heat regenerative system of single reheat Condensing steam turine and the heat regenerative system of back pressure unit organically joined together, has the following advantages:
1. utilize water of condensation and the feedwater of the heating back pressure unit that draws gas of single reheat Condensing steam turine, thus the latent heat of vaporization that this part is drawn gas is recovered in the thermodynamic cycle of back pressure unit, significantly decrease the external heat extraction of single reheat Condensing steam turine by circulating water, improve efficiency of thermal cycle;
2., except heat regenerative system shares, many other systems of single reheat Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit, comprise water, fuel etc., also can share, thus significantly reduce investment;
3. the change of power generation needs controls primarily of single reheat Condensing steam turine, the change of heat demand controls primarily of back pressure unit, interacting of different demand is very little, compared with former mutual independently thermodynamic system, decrease pining down of generating demand different from heat supply, thus improve the flexibility of operation.
In other words, the single reheat Condensing steam turine across unit backheat of the present invention and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system meet a large amount of high parameter process heat demands and a large amount of needs for electricity simultaneously, significantly improve economic benefit, have a good application prospect.
Below described preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, but it will be appreciated that, after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention.These equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1. thermal power plant's associating thermodynamic system, described thermal power plant comprises single reheat Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that:
Described associating thermodynamic system comprises the thermodynamic system of single reheat Condensing steam turine and the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit;
The described thermodynamic system of single reheat Condensing steam turine and the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit share the heat regenerative system from vapour condenser to oxygen-eliminating device;
The water of condensation of described single reheat Condensing steam turine and the supplementary demineralized water of described back pressure unit are divided into two-way after described shared heat regenerative system, and a road enters described single reheat Condensing steam turine, and another road enters described back pressure unit.
2. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shared heat regenerative system comprises vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device and by described vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, the piping that oxygen-eliminating device couples together.
3. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of described single reheat Condensing steam turine comprises: single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, high-pressure heater and by described single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, the circulation system that high-pressure heater couples together.
4. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of described back pressure unit comprises boiler, feed water pump and high-pressure heater.
5. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the feed water pump entering back pressure unit from the oxygen-eliminating device of single reheat Condensing steam turine water of condensation out and supplementary demineralized water, and is entered the high-pressure heater of back pressure unit by described feed water pump.
6. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the high-pressure heater of described back pressure unit is connected with the high-pressure cylinder of described single reheat Condensing steam turine or intermediate pressure cylinder, heat water of condensation in back pressure unit and demineralized water to use from drawing gas of described high-pressure cylinder or intermediate pressure cylinder.
7. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the boiler of back pressure unit is without reheating type boiler, and the steam after boiler heating enters the high-pressure cylinder acting of back pressure unit, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge.
8. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the boiler of back pressure unit has reheating type boiler, has reheating type boiler, again heat rear external heat supply by reheater described in the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge of back pressure unit can enter.
9. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described associating thermodynamic system also comprises external heating piping, and described external heating piping comprises steam discharge heat supply pipeline and/or extraction for heat supply pipeline.
10. a thermal power plant, described thermal power plant comprises single reheat Condensing steam turine and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of described single reheat Condensing steam turine and the thermodynamic system of described back pressure unit adopt combines thermodynamic system as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein.
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| CN109404069B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-07-16 | 广东天安项目管理有限公司 | Steam turbine backheating system |
| CN113091045A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Backpressure unit and extraction condensing unit structure and cross operation method |
| CN111287812A (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2020-06-16 | 刘希浩 | Production process for improving thermal efficiency of whole thermal power plant |
| CN112879113B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-06-07 | 西安交通大学 | Condenser economical optimization method for thermal power plant |
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| CN201461008U (en) * | 2009-05-31 | 2010-05-12 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Small steam turbine system of power plant and thermodynamic cycle system of power plant with the system |
| CN201916008U (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-08-03 | 山东泓奥电力科技有限公司 | Expansion power energy-saving system with high flow, low parameter and high back pressure |
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| CN201461008U (en) * | 2009-05-31 | 2010-05-12 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Small steam turbine system of power plant and thermodynamic cycle system of power plant with the system |
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