CN102828792A - Thermal power plant combined heat system and thermal power plant - Google Patents
Thermal power plant combined heat system and thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102828792A CN102828792A CN201210328410XA CN201210328410A CN102828792A CN 102828792 A CN102828792 A CN 102828792A CN 201210328410X A CN201210328410X A CN 201210328410XA CN 201210328410 A CN201210328410 A CN 201210328410A CN 102828792 A CN102828792 A CN 102828792A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal power plant combined heat system and a thermal power plant. The thermal power plant comprises a primary reheat condensing steam unit and a backpressure unit; and the combined heat system comprises a heat system of the primary reheat condensing steam unit and a heat system of the backpressure unit, wherein the heat system of the primary reheat condensing steam unit and the heat system of the backpressure unit share a heat recovery system from a condenser to a deaerator; condensation water of the primary reheat condensing steam unit and the supplement demineralized water of the backpressure unit are divided into two paths through the shared heat recovery system; and one path enters the primary reheat condensing steam unit, and the other path enters the backpressure unit. According to the combined heat system, the requirements of industrial high capacity and high parameter heat supply can be simultaneously met, the thermal cycle efficiency is greatly improved, the fuel consumption is reduced, and the pollutant discharge is reduced; and meanwhile, the power plant investment can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power equipment, be specifically related to the thermodynamic system in the thermal power plant.
Background technique
Existing technology adopts the external heat supply of steam turbine intermediate extraction of single reheat condensing unit usually, or takes the external heat supply of turbine discharge of back pressure unit in the power plant that adopts steam turbine generating and heat supply.
Mainly there are following two problems in single reheat condensing unit for adopting the external heat supply of steam turbine intermediate extraction: at first, it is less that the vapour amount of steam turbine intermediate extraction accounts for the ratio of the total vapour amount of steam turbine, and heating load is little; Secondly, the pressure of steam supply will be aspired for stability, but the reduction of the pressure random group of steam turbine intermediate extraction load and reducing, and satisfies the pressure of steam supply requirement when guaranteeing low-load, and high pressure extraction carries out the throttling step-down in the time of need be to high load, has the acting capacity loss.
For example conventional 1000MW single reheat condensing unit, the only about 200t/h of the maximum heat capacity of intermediate extraction.And, to the high pressure heat supply of about 5MPa, in order to satisfy the requirement of low-load pressure, need be from main vapour (the about 25MPa of high load) throttling; To the middle pressure heat supply of about 1MPa,, need therefore there be big restriction loss from heat (the about 6MPa of high load) throttling again in order to satisfy the requirement of low-load pressure.
For the back pressure unit of the external heat supply of turbine discharge of adopting the back pressure unit, the main problem that exists is: at first, the generated energy of unit changes with heating load and changes, and heating load reduces then that generated energy reduces, generator set shutdown during no heat supply; Secondly, the generate output of back pressure unit is less, and the about 80MW of back pressure unit of domestic maximum is far below the single reheat condensing generator set (300 ~ 1000MW) of routine.
Yet a lot of at present areas had both existed a large amount of high parameter process heat demands, also existed a large amount of needs for electricity simultaneously.Though the big capacity generating single reheat condensing unit of the conventional external heat supply of employing steam turbine intermediate extraction can satisfy need for electricity, can't satisfy heat demand simultaneously.Though and the back pressure unit of the conventional external heat supply of employing turbine discharge can satisfy heat demand, can't satisfy need for electricity simultaneously.
Present present situation is promptly to build independent big capacity generating single reheat condensing unit, builds independent big capacity heat supply back pressure unit simultaneously again.Therefore investment is big, exists waste to a certain degree simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of thermal power generating technology that satisfies big capacity of industry and high parameter heat demand simultaneously.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of thermal power plant associating thermodynamic system, said thermal power plant comprises single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that:
Said associating thermodynamic system comprises the thermodynamic system of single reheat condensing unit and the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit;
The thermodynamic system of said single reheat condensing unit and the shared heat regenerative system from the vapour condenser to the oxygen-eliminating device of the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit;
The additional demineralized water of the water of condensation of said single reheat condensing unit and said back pressure unit is divided into two-way through after the said shared heat regenerative system, and one the tunnel gets into said single reheat condensing unit, and another road gets into said back pressure unit.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, said shared heat regenerative system comprises vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device and with said vapour condenser, condensate pump, the piping that low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device couple together.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention; The thermodynamic system of said single reheat condensing unit comprises: single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, high-pressure heater and with said single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump; Low-pressure heater; Oxygen-eliminating device, the circulation system that feed water pump, high-pressure heater couple together.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermodynamic system of said back pressure unit comprises boiler, feed water pump and high-pressure heater.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed water pump that water of condensation of coming out from the oxygen-eliminating device of single reheat condensing unit and additional demineralized water get into the back pressure unit, and get into the high-pressure heater of back pressure unit through feed water pump.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention; The high-pressure heater of said back pressure unit is connected with the high-pressure cylinder or the intermediate pressure cylinder of said single reheat condensing unit, heats water of condensation and demineralized water in the back pressure unit so that use from drawing gas of said high-pressure cylinder or intermediate pressure cylinder.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler of back pressure unit is not have pattern of fever boiler again, and the steam after the boiler heating gets into the high-pressure cylinder acting of back pressure unit, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler of back pressure unit is that pattern of fever boiler is again arranged, and the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge of back pressure unit can get into the said pattern of fever boiler again that has, and heats externally heat supply of back once more through reheater.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, said associating thermodynamic system also comprises external heating piping, and said external heating piping comprises steam discharge heat supply pipeline and/or extraction for heat supply pipeline.
The present invention also provides a kind of thermal power plant, and said thermal power plant comprises single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of said single reheat condensing unit and the thermodynamic system of said back pressure unit adopt above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system.
The present invention is based on the basic backheat principle of thermodynamic cycle; The heat regenerative system of single reheat condensing unit and the heat regenerative system of back pressure unit are organically joined together; Utilize the water of condensation and the feedwater of the heating back pressure unit that draws gas of single reheat condensing unit, satisfied the demand of big capacity generating and big capacity high parameter industrial heating simultaneously.And, more reclaim the latent heat of vaporization of condensing unit, thereby significantly improved the efficiency of thermal cycle of associating backheat unit, reduce fuel consumption, reduce pollutant emission.In addition, pining down each other of generating and heat supply is less, but the load variations independent regulation of heat supply and power supply, operational flexibility improves, and unit has excellent adaptability to generating with the different changes in demand of heating load.In addition, except that heat regenerative system was shared, many systems of condensing unit and back pressure unit comprised water, fuel etc., can carry out shared, thereby significantly reduce investment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the conventional single reheat condensing unit typical heat power system of existing technology;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a kind of conventional back pressure unit typical case thermodynamic system of existing technology;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the another kind of conventional back pressure unit typical case thermodynamic system of existing technology;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of another conventional back pressure unit typical case thermodynamic system of existing technology;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the single reheat condensing unit of striding the unit backheat of the first embodiment of the present invention and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the single reheat condensing unit of striding the unit backheat and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system according to another embodiment of the present invention; And
Fig. 7 is the flow chart according to an embodiment's more of the present invention single reheat condensing unit of striding the unit backheat and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system.
Embodiment
Below will combine accompanying drawing that preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, understand the object of the invention, characteristics and advantage so that more know.It should be understood that embodiment shown in the drawings is not a limitation of the scope of the invention, and just for the connotation of technological scheme of the present invention is described.Among the present invention, the identical reference character of same or analogous element numeral among each embodiment.
Below, major technique term of the present invention is described.
Among this paper, backheat is meant the latent heat of vaporization of recovered steam, to improve efficiency of thermal cycle.
Among this paper, single reheat is meant that steam turbine acting intermediate steam gets into boiler again, and heating back back-steam turbine continues acting.
Among this paper, the condensing unit is meant that the steam discharge of steam turbine in the unit gets into the unit of vacuum type vapour condenser.
Among this paper, the back pressure unit is meant that the steam discharge of steam turbine in the unit all is with the pressure heat supply, and does not get into the unit of vacuum type vapour condenser.
Fig. 1 illustrates conventional single reheat condensing unit typical heat power system flow chart in the existing technology.As shown in Figure 1; Utilize condensate pump 2 to boost the back from the water of condensation that vapour condenser 1 comes out through low-pressure heater (group) 3; Water of condensation is utilized steam turbine low-pressure to draw gas in low-pressure heater (group) 3 and is got into oxygen-eliminating device 4 behind the heat temperature raising; After in oxygen-eliminating device, utilizing extracted steam from turbine heating and deoxygenation, utilize feed water pump 5 to boost the back, in high-pressure heater (group) 6, utilize turbine high-pressure to draw gas behind the heat temperature raising through high-pressure heater (group) 6; Get into main boiler 7, in main boiler, become superheated vapor after the heating.
Steam gets into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 9 actings, and high-pressure cylinder 9 steam discharges get into boiler single reheat device 71, and the heating back gets into Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 10 actings once more; The intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge gets into low pressure (LP) cylinder 11 actings; Last low pressure (LP) cylinder steam discharge gets into vapour condenser 1, condenses into water, carries out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
As shown in Figure 1, in the existing conventional single reheat condensing unit typical heat power system, adopt externally heat supply of steam turbine intermediate extraction (for example drawing gas) usually from high-pressure cylinder.
Fig. 2 illustrates the typical heating power system flow chart of back pressure unit conventional in the existing technology.As shown in Figure 2, demineralized water (being also referred to as additional demineralized water) replenishes inlet water tank 12, utilizes charging pump 13 to boost; Through low-pressure heater (group) 14, in low-pressure heater (group), utilize steam turbine low-pressure to draw gas and get into oxygen-eliminating device 15 behind the heat temperature raising, in oxygen-eliminating device, utilize extracted steam from turbine heating and deoxygenation after; Utilize feed water pump 16 to boost; Then through high-pressure heater (group) 17, in high-pressure heater (group) 17, utilize turbine high-pressure to draw gas behind the heat temperature raising entering boiler 18; Get into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 19 actings, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge through boiler 18 heating back steam.Perhaps, high-pressure cylinder 19 steam discharges also can get into boiler 20, heat back externally heat supply or directly externally heat supply once more through reheater 201, and are as shown in Figure 3.Perhaps, from Fig. 3, behind the reheater 201, get into Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 21 actings, the external heat supply of intermediate pressure cylinder 21 steam discharges, as shown in Figure 4.At last, externally the working medium of heat supply minimizing is replenished inlet water tank 12 through demineralized water, carries out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
It is pointed out that the back pressure unit can not have the intermediate extraction heat supply, 1 grade or multistage intermediate extraction heat supply also can be arranged.
Can find out in the single reheat condensing unit and in the thermodynamic system in the back pressure unit, a plurality of same or analogous equipment are arranged from Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.Therefore; The principle of the invention is to provide a kind of associating thermodynamic system; Make that condensing unit and back pressure unit can more shared equipment, reduce cost thus and improve the efficient of thermodynamic system, and satisfy a large amount of high parameter process heat demands and a large amount of needs for electricity simultaneously.
Fig. 5 illustrates the flow chart according to the single reheat condensing unit of striding the unit backheat of the first embodiment of the present invention and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system.As shown in Figure 5; The additional demineralized water of the water of condensation of single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit gets into single reheat condensing unit and the shared vapour condenser 1 of back pressure unit; Utilize shared condensate pump 2 to boost; Through shared low-pressure heater (group) 3, the back of heating up gets into shared oxygen-eliminating device 4, behind oxygen-eliminating device, is divided into two-way.
The feed water pump 5 of single reheat condensing unit of leading up to boost (pressure is high than the pressure of back pressure unit usually); Get into the high-pressure heater (group) 6 of single reheat condensing unit, the back of heating up gets into the boiler 7 of single reheat condensing unit, gets into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 9 actings through boiler heating back steam; High-pressure cylinder 9 steam discharges get into boiler single reheat device 71; The heating back gets into Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 10 actings once more, and intermediate pressure cylinder 10 steam discharges get into low pressure (LP) cylinder 11 actings, and last low pressure (LP) cylinder 11 steam discharges get into vapour condenser 1; Condense into water, carry out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
Another road is through the feed water pump 16 of back pressure unit boost (usually pressure low than the pressure of single reheat condensing unit); The high-pressure heater 17 that gets into the back pressure unit is (in the high-pressure heater 17; Be used for the drawing gas of heat-setting water and additional demineralized water from single reheat condensing unit, according to operating mode, can be from high-pressure cylinder 9 in the single reheat condensing unit or intermediate pressure cylinder 10); Behind high-pressure heater 17 heat temperature raisings, get into the boiler 18 of back pressure unit; Get into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 19 actings through boiler 18 heating back steam, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge, as shown in Figure 5.Perhaps, high-pressure cylinder 19 steam discharges also can get into boiler 20, heat back externally heat supply or directly externally heat supply once more through reheater 201, and are as shown in Figure 6.Perhaps,, reheater 201 gets into Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 21 actings after heating once more, the external heat supply of intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge, and as shown in Figure 7.Externally the working medium of heat supply minimizing is replenished into vapour condenser through demineralized water, carries out thermodynamic system circulation next time.
In the above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system,, reduced the exhaust steam heat loss of single reheat condensing unit, thereby improved the thermodynamic system cycle efficiency because the water of condensation of back pressure unit and the heating of feedwater are drawn gas from single reheat condensing unit.
Because heat supply is provided by the back pressure unit, so single reheat condensing unit is very little to the heat supply influence of back pressure unit with the variation that power load changes.Because power supply is mainly provided by single reheat condensing unit, so the back pressure unit is very little to the power supply influence of single reheat condensing unit with the variation that changes with heat load.In a word, can satisfy the requirement of different heating demands and power load flexibly.
In addition; In the above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system; The thermodynamic system of single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit is striden unit and is joined together, and two shared heat regenerative systems from the vapour condenser to the oxygen-eliminating device of unit comprise vapour condenser 1, condensate pump 2, low-pressure heater 3, oxygen-eliminating device 4 and relevant piping.Thereby cancelled water tank 12, charging pump 13, low-pressure heater (group) 14, oxygen-eliminating device 15 and relevant piping in the conventional back pressure unit of existing technology, can reduce equipment cost greatly thus, significantly reduced and invest.
The associating backheat unit of forming with 1000MW single reheat condensing steam turbine generator and 1000t/h back pressure steam turbine generator is an example, and according to calculating: total generating capacity can reach about 1100MW, and total high pressure industrial heating ability can reach about 1200t/h; Heat capacity is considerably beyond the 200t/h of independent single reheat condensing unit, and generating capacity is considerably beyond the 80MW of back pressure unit; Can the coal consumption of 1000MW single reheat condensing unit be reduced about 20g/kW.h, year is economized on coal about 100,000 tons/year, improves about 1.0 hundred million/year of economic well-being of workers and staff, reduces discharging about 400,000 tons/year of CO2; Compare with independent 1000t/h back pressure unit with independent 1000MW single reheat condensing unit, total cost reduces about 1,000,000,000 yuan.
In addition, it is pointed out that in the associating thermodynamic system of the present invention that heat regenerative system pipeline from the winding of single reheat condensing engine to the back pressure unit can adopt existing any suitable pipeline.
In the associating thermodynamic system of the present invention, though not shown, can adopt existing any suitable heating piping to come heat supply, comprise steam discharge heat supply pipeline and/or extraction for heat supply pipeline.
In the associating thermodynamic system of the present invention, the quantity of heater (comprising low-pressure heater and high-pressure heater) can be 1, also can be a plurality of.Usually, the heater of single reheat condensing unit (comprising oxygen-eliminating device) progression is 7 ~ 10 grades.Heater also can be single-row, also can be biserial or multiple row, confirms according to the capacity optimization of single reheat condensing unit.
In the associating thermodynamic system of the present invention, the back pressure unit can be that boiler does not have heat (as shown in Figure 5) again, also can be that boiler has heat, steam turbine not to have heat (as shown in Figure 6) more again, also can be that boiler, steam turbine all have heat (as shown in Figure 7) again.
In the above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, the back pressure unit can not have the intermediate extraction heat supply, and 1 grade or multistage intermediate extraction heat supply also can be arranged.
In the above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, the boiler of back pressure unit can be not have pattern of fever boiler (as shown in Figure 5) again, also can be that pattern of fever boiler (shown in Fig. 6 and 7) is arranged again
In the above-mentioned associating thermodynamic system, the steam turbine generator of back pressure unit can be not have pattern of fever formula steam turbine generator (as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6) again, also can be that pattern of fever formula steam turbine generator (as shown in Figure 7) is arranged again
The present invention is based on the basic backheat principle of thermodynamic cycle, the heat regenerative system of single reheat condensing unit and the heat regenerative system of back pressure unit organically joined together, have the following advantages:
1. utilize the water of condensation and the feedwater of the heating back pressure unit that draws gas of single reheat condensing unit; Thereby the latent heat of vaporization that this part is drawn gas is recovered in the thermodynamic cycle of back pressure unit; Significantly reduced of the external heat extraction of single reheat condensing unit, improved efficiency of thermal cycle through circulating water;
2. except that heat regenerative system was shared, many other systems of single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit comprised water, fuel etc., also can carry out shared, thereby significantly reduce investment;
3. the variation of power generation needs is mainly controlled by single reheat condensing unit; The variation of heat demand is mainly controlled by the back pressure unit; Interacting of different demands is very little; With former mutually independently thermodynamic system compare, reduced pining down of generating and heat supply different demands, thereby improved the flexibility of operation.
In other words, single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit associating thermodynamic system of striding the unit backheat of the present invention satisfied a large amount of high parameter process heat demands and a large amount of needs for electricity simultaneously, significantly improved economic benefit, has a good application prospect.
Below described preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, but it will be appreciated that, after having read above-mentioned teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can do various changes or modification to the present invention.These equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Claims (10)
1. a thermal power plant unites thermodynamic system, and said thermal power plant comprises single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that:
Said associating thermodynamic system comprises the thermodynamic system of single reheat condensing unit and the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit;
The thermodynamic system of said single reheat condensing unit and the shared heat regenerative system from the vapour condenser to the oxygen-eliminating device of the thermodynamic system of back pressure unit;
The additional demineralized water of the water of condensation of said single reheat condensing unit and said back pressure unit is divided into two-way through after the said shared heat regenerative system, and one the tunnel gets into said single reheat condensing unit, and another road gets into said back pressure unit.
2. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said shared heat regenerative system comprises vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device and with said vapour condenser; Condensate pump, the piping that low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device couple together.
3. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of said single reheat condensing unit comprises: single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump, low-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, high-pressure heater and with said single reheat boiler, vapour condenser, condensate pump; Low-pressure heater; Oxygen-eliminating device, the circulation system that feed water pump, high-pressure heater couple together.
4. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of said back pressure unit comprises boiler, feed water pump and high-pressure heater.
5. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the feed water pump that water of condensation of coming out from the oxygen-eliminating device of single reheat condensing unit and additional demineralized water get into the back pressure unit, and the high-pressure heater through said feed water pump entering back pressure unit.
6. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the high-pressure heater of said back pressure unit is connected with the high-pressure cylinder or the intermediate pressure cylinder of said single reheat condensing unit, heats water of condensation and demineralized water in the back pressure unit so that use from drawing gas of said high-pressure cylinder or intermediate pressure cylinder.
7. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the boiler of back pressure unit is not have pattern of fever boiler again, and the steam after the boiler heating gets into the high-pressure cylinder acting of back pressure unit, the external heat supply of high-pressure cylinder steam discharge.
8. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the boiler of back pressure unit is that pattern of fever boiler is again arranged, and the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge of back pressure unit can get into the said pattern of fever boiler again that has, and heats externally heat supply of back once more through reheater.
9. associating thermodynamic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said associating thermodynamic system also comprises external heating piping, and said external heating piping comprises steam discharge heat supply pipeline and/or extraction for heat supply pipeline.
10. thermal power plant; Said thermal power plant comprises single reheat condensing unit and back pressure unit, it is characterized in that: the thermodynamic system of said single reheat condensing unit and the thermodynamic system of said back pressure unit adopt like each described associating thermodynamic system among the claim 1-9.
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| CN109404069A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-01 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Steam Turbine Regenerative System |
| CN111287812A (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2020-06-16 | 刘希浩 | Production process for improving thermal efficiency of whole thermal power plant |
| CN112879113A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-01 | 西安交通大学 | Condenser economical optimization method for thermal power plant |
| CN113091045A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Backpressure unit and extraction condensing unit structure and cross operation method |
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| CN102828792B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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