CN102826178B - Power-assisted bicycle provided with sensor provided with magnetic blocks with unevenly distributed magnetic fluxes in shell - Google Patents

Power-assisted bicycle provided with sensor provided with magnetic blocks with unevenly distributed magnetic fluxes in shell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102826178B
CN102826178B CN201210263519.XA CN201210263519A CN102826178B CN 102826178 B CN102826178 B CN 102826178B CN 201210263519 A CN201210263519 A CN 201210263519A CN 102826178 B CN102826178 B CN 102826178B
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power
annular groove
assisted
hall
permanent magnets
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CN102826178A (en
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黄强
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Peixian spring light grain Co., Ltd.
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Chengdu Kind Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/076819 priority patent/WO2014019412A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2451—Incremental encoders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
    • B62M6/50—Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
    • B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a booster bicycle provided with a sensor provided with a plurality of magnetic blocks with unevenly distributed magnetic fluxes in a shell, and in particular relates to an electric booster bicycle used for providing booster signals for a plurality of point positions in a way of magnetic induction. The sensor comprises a sensing element, a booster model processor, a digital/ analog (D/ A) converter and an operational amplifier which are sequentially connected, wherein the sensing element comprises the permanent magnet blocks and a Hall which are respectively arranged in a space where a rotary table and a fixed table are embedded; the rotary table is provided with the plurality of permanent magnet blocks, and every two adjacent permanent magnet blocks have the opposite magnetic polarities and different magnetic fluxes; the Hall arranged on the fixed table is arranged at the position close to the permanent magnet blocks; the sensor is sheathed outside a centre shaft of the bicycle; and the operational amplifier is connected with a motor controller. The booster bicycle has the advantages that the relative positions between the permanent magnet blocks and the Hall are fixed, square-wave signals can be obtained by the Hall, the sensor can conveniently use an artificial set booster model through digital processing output, the boosting is reasonable in the starting point, the finishing point and the force, human can cooperate with a machine in a best way, and the electricity is saved.

Description

Morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of morpet, particularly relate on rotatable parts and carry out the electric assisted bicycle that multi-point magnetic induction provides power-assisted signal.
Background technology
The Chinese patent 201020295192.0 < < of Yebao Vehicle Material Industry's application hook pawl formula moment sensor > > and disclose a kind of morpet sensing device, sensing device comprises that magnetic part and elastic component coordinate, and experience the sensing device of moment.After period of service is long, the elasticity modulus variation of elastic component will cause the control effect of transducing signal and controlled motor to change, and power-assisted effect becomes and need to mismatch with people's power-assisted.And complicated with the project organization of elastic component, manufacturing cost is high.
The Chinese patent 01201843.0 < < automatic detecting device of electric booster bicycle > > of University of Science & Technology, Beijing's application discloses a kind of automatic detecting device of electric booster bicycle, no touch detects the power of pedaling, speed and turning to, this device is in relative motion, on outer wheel disc, establish respectively magnetic sheet, on interior wheel disc, there is spring, in, between outer wheel disc, use spring reset, in surveying with two Halls on support, the electric signal that on outer wheel disc, the magnetic sheet of relative motion produces represents to pedal power, speed and turning to.
Shortcoming (1) is not durable with elastic component: after period of service is long, the elasticity modulus variation of elastic component will cause the control effect of transducing signal and controlled motor to change, and power-assisted effect becomes and need to mismatch with people's power-assisted, complex structure, and cost is high.
Each magnetic sheet group of shortcoming (2) is identical and magnetic pole set-up mode is all identical, and can not represent the position separately of different magnetic sheet groups, can not express the special power-assisted demand of diverse location: from Fig. 3 of 01201843.0 patent, 4, 5, 6 and the record explanation of the 2nd section of Instructions Page 2, each magnetic sheet group (comprises a magnetic sheet 4, a magnetic sheet 5, a magnetic sheet 6) magnetic pole set-up mode is all identical, be only simply from being provided with again identical magnetic sheet group at interior diverse location of taking turns, the position separately that can not represent different magnetic sheet groups, the state of kinematic motion that can not represent ad-hoc location, and people is by bike time, pedal with each position corresponding with pedal at state of kinematic motion, there is own special power-assisted demand, but the identical structure of this each magnetic sheet group of this patent, can not give expression to the special power-assisted demand of each diverse location on pedal.
Each site signal indifference of shortcoming (3) makes man-machine mismatching: each magnetic sheet group is the same, each magnetic sheet group can not represent this position of magnetic sheet group on interior wheel, the signal that Hall is exported can not represent the position of stretcher and other magnetic sheet group, the signal that is Hall output can not represent the demand of different foot positions to power-assisted, cause the demand of power-assisted and provide the time of power-assisted to mismatch, man-machine cooperation is undesirable.
Shortcoming (4) sine wave output makes magnetic sheet group Edge Distance can not be less than 4 centimetres, generally take 5 centimetres as good, and make to establish magnetic sheet group number very little, man-machine cooperation is undesirable: each magnetic sheet group is identical, Hall output is that sinusoidal waveform is as control signal, as control signal sinusoidal waveform, must there is certain peak valley difference, because the magnetic sheet group of this patent needs certain length to represent forward and reverse motion, at diameter, be to establish at most 8 magnetic sheet groups in the annular groove rolling disc circular trace of 20 centimetres, generally take 5 as good, Hall just can have the sine wave signal of controlling function.That is to say, this technical scheme of 01201843.0 patent, for morpet, magnetic sheet group limited amount is only in 8, and very little, man-machine cooperation is undesirable for control signal.If but more than 8 magnetic sheet groups, when people's treadmill is very fast, the signal graph of Hall output is close to a horizon, this signal is not controlled function, can not control electrical motor, while making it need power-assisted especially, loses assist function.
Shortcoming (5) signal blind zone reaches miter angle, when needing power-assisted during startup, really can not get power-assisted: well-known, it is minimum in summit moment that people steps on bicycle pedal, from leaving 10-45 degree angle, summit, it is the region that needs most power-assisted, but the angle between each magnetic sheet group of this patent is 45 degree, at stretcher, leave summit 10-45 degree angular zone neither one magnetic sheet group, also with regard to neither one control signal, when consequently needing most power-assisted, but the motor of morpet really can not power-assisted.
In a word, except with the not durable complex structure again of elastic component, fit structure feature because of Hall and magnetic sheet group, rotating disk size diameter is in 20 centimetres, and having placed restrictions on magnetic sheet group quantity is 8 groups, and magnetic sheet group number can not arbitrarily increase, make man-machine cooperation undesirable, and can not get power-assisted while starting, and power-assisted demand is not mated with power-assisted is provided, and cyclist's traveling comfort is poor; As increased by force magnetic sheet group quantity, its transducing signal loses again Power assisted control function.
The Chinese patent 03264387.X < < timing sensor of electric boosting bicycle > > of Wang Naikang application discloses without elastic component, only with moving, fixed two rotating disks, above Moving plate, inlay two permanent magnetic steels, above price fixing, inlay three Hall elements, bicycle pedal circles, each Hall produces two pulses, and three Hall elements produce six pulses.Divide folding can obtain three features, four shortcomings are as follows:
Feature (1) is for obtaining six impulse singlas, can only be each permanent magnetic steel same pole in one side: each Hall will produce two pulses, can only be the same face that the same pole of two permanent magnetic steels is located at Moving plate,, in certain one side of Moving plate, two permanent-magnet magnetic steel capital be the Huo Doushi South Pole, the arctic.If at the same face of Moving plate, a permanent magnetic steel is the arctic, another is the South Pole, and pedal circles, and each Hall just can only produce a pulse, and three Halls just only have three pulses, and this does not just conform with this patent specification and has recorded.In order to increase pulse count, improve and control effect, can only be that each permanent magnetic steel same pole is in one side.
Feature (2) permanent magnetic steel is used for representing pedal fixed position, three Halls represent pedal travel position: because pedal and Moving plate are to synchronize rotation, so a permanent magnetic steel is fixed respectively in two positions on the Moving plate corresponding with two pedals, where some pedals turn, and where corresponding permanent magnetic steel also turns; But only turn in the position that has Hall, could send control signal by Hall, the motor of commander's morpet produces the power-assisted needing and rotates.
The position of feature (3) middle different period pedal travels because Hall can not represent to circle, just can not be only with a Hall: the different periods of pedal in circling, power-assisted demand is had to very big difference, embody the variation of this power-assisted demand, this patent is located at respectively 180 degree angles with three interior positions with three Halls, two permanent magnetic steels are located at respectively two pedal positions, pedal turns in the position that has Hall, and this Hall represents that with regard to output signal pedal has arrived the position of this Huo Yuan.But there is again shortcoming below with a plurality of Halls.
These features as morpet sensor have three shortcomings:
Shortcoming (1) represents respectively the fixed position of two pedals with two permanent magnetic steels that there is no an otherness, just can only represent with a plurality of Halls the turned position of pedal: two permanent magnetic steels do not have otherness, advantage is can be regardless of the fixed position that represents respectively two pedals of left and right pin, make the raw power-assisted demand of its left and right human hair combing waste, can produce identical motor power-assisted effect; But shortcoming is permanent magnetic steel itself just can not represent the turned position of pedal, and can only be located at the turned position that different angle positions represents pedal with a plurality of Halls, thus can not be only with a Hall, and must use a plurality of Halls.
Shortcoming (2) can not be only with a Hall, and three Halls must cause three control signals to have original segmentation error, make the distortion of power-assisted demand model, naturally produce power-assisted output inconsistent with power-assisted demand: no matter morpet is one or two motor, its transducing signal of controlling motor can only just can reach the object of controlling motor with a transducing signal input electric machine controller; And three Halls are controlled motors for this patent, three control signals of three Halls must be merged into one and could input electric machine controller after merging control signal.The parameter sensing of three Halls can not be the same, particularly due to after variation of ambient temperature, period of service length, the parameter sensing of three Halls may be widely different, when its result causes identical power-assisted demand, the output of different Halls be different voltages, cause motor to produce different power-assisted output, power-assisted output is inconsistent with power-assisted demand; In like manner during identical power-assisted demand, the output of different Halls may be identical voltage again, cause motor to produce the output of same power-assisted, also produce power-assisted output and the inconsistent problem of power-assisted demand.
Shortcoming (3) merges control signal and easily produces signal drift, making to merge control signal does not mate with electric machine controller, power-assisted demand model distortion: due to variation of ambient temperature, after period of service is long, the parameter sensing of three Halls may be widely different, three control signal point of connection of three Halls must change, the merging control signal that identical power-assisted demand produces will produce the signal drift of segmenting, merge control signal as a whole signal distortion that produces, it is the distortion of power-assisted demand model, any one that causes that electric machine controller selects three control signals all can produce power-assisted output and the inconsistent problem of power-assisted demand as benchmark.
Shortcoming (4) sensing site can not arbitrarily increase, sensing site very little, motor operation is just not steady, make people by bike feel very uncomfortable: owing to having shortcoming (1) and shortcoming (2) all to cause because Hall quantity is greater than one, clearly Hall quantity is measured more and more, and shortcoming (1) and shortcoming (2) performance are more serious.So the morpet that this patent provides can only be to make people by bike feel the morpet that traveling comfort is very bad.
Shortcoming (5) signal blind zone reaches 42 degree angles, when needing power-assisted during startup, really can not get power-assisted: well-known, it is minimum in summit moment that people steps on bicycle pedal, from leaving 10-45 degree angle, summit, it is the region that needs most power-assisted, but the angle between each Hall of this patent is 42.5-43.5 degree, at stretcher, leave summit 10-42 degree angular zone neither one Hall, also with regard to neither one control signal, when consequently needing most power-assisted, but the motor of morpet really can not power-assisted.
In a word, this patent is with a plurality of Halls, to control the technical scheme of assistant mode, because can only represent with a plurality of Halls the turned position of pedal, a plurality of control signals of a plurality of Halls must have original error, it merges control signal and easily produces again signal drift, all can cause the distortion of power-assisted demand model, i.e. the identical power-assisted demand of different time, but obtain different power-assisted effects; Hall quantity is measured more and more, and the distortion of power-assisted demand model is more serious, the quantity of having placed restrictions on Hall, Hall small number and to produce motor operation just not steady, make people by bike feel very uncomfortable, and can not get power-assisted while starting.Make it want power-assisted demand model undistorted, and want motor to operate steadily in these two problems and always attend to one thing and lose sight of another, can not get both.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide only by each permanent magnets magnetic flux change on a Hall and annular groove rolling disc, to obtain speed and the position signal of bicycle pedal and signal is carried out to digitized processing and become the morpet that has best power-assisted model signals sensor; A kind of in Hall can induction region, can increase permanent magnets quantity as far as possible, utilize to greatest extent bicycle pedal displacement information, sensor output information is accurate location again how, the fixing morpet of Hall and a plurality of permanent magnets relative positions of an assembly set for sensor; Using on morpet, the power-assisted that cyclist's power-assisted demand provides with motor is mated well, the morpet that motor operates steadily.
Design of the present invention is: in a Hall can receptive field, on an annular groove rolling disc with a plurality of permanent magnets to the side of Hall carry out south, northern polarity alternately changes, and makes an one Hall can experience the motor message of whole permanent magnets.The variation pattern of a plurality of permanent magnets is mainly that magnetic polarity changes, magnetic flux change, object make Hall can obtain ad-hoc location, position more accurately, control with better function, more permanent magnets motor message.A plurality of permanent magnets magnetic polarities alternately change with the arctic, the South Pole, and the signal that Hall is produced is square wave, make the control of signal with better function, more; It is more accurate that a plurality of permanent magnets magnetic flux change make signal that Hall produces can express the position of permanent magnets, thereby can express the state of kinematic motion of annular groove rolling disc ad-hoc location.For morpet, the ad-hoc location of expressing stretcher is extremely important at what state of kinematic motion because the state of kinematic motion direct representation of stretcher the power-assisted need state of people to car.
With the fixing relative position of sensitive member Hall and a plurality of permanent magnets of the assembly set of a physical construction, make its transducing signal reliable and stable.
The square-wave signal of Hall output is become to digital signal, side makes the digital signal of Hall carry out digitized processing, in digitized processing process, can add the power-assisted math modeling that makes people's function optimized matching, power-assisted math modeling can be undertaken arbitrarily adjusting by man-machine cooperation.The sine wave signal that has overcome the output of prior art Hall is difficult to carry out digitized processing, can only carry out simulated signal processing and can not add the power-assisted model that can arbitrarily adjust, overcome and can only extract the power-assisted model that placed restrictions on by speed signal condition, overcome the man-machine problem that can not optimized matching that makes.
Structure of the present invention is:
Morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing, comprises Electrical Bicycle and sensor, and Electrical Bicycle has axis 51, and axis 51 interlude covers have sleeve pipe 52, and axis 51 is rotationally connected with sleeve pipe 52; On axis 51, be fixed with chain drum 53, axis 51 two ends are fixed with respectively stretcher 54; On Electrical Bicycle, battery 55 connects electric machine controller 29, the motor 30 that electric machine controller 29 connects on wheel; It is characterized in that:
The structure of sensor and the annexation of parts are as follows:
Comprise the sensitive member, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and the op amp 28 that connect successively;
［ 1 ］ sensitive member is the rotational motion of annular groove rolling disc 1 to be become to the element of square-wave signal output;
Sensitive member comprises an annular groove rolling disc 1, annular groove reaction plate 40, Hall 3 and many pieces of permanent magnets 2, both concave surfaces of annular groove rolling disc 1 and annular groove reaction plate 40 are relative, annular groove reaction plate 40 is entrenched among the annular groove of annular groove rolling disc 1, become two dishes chimeric interior empty shell in relative rotation, the concave surface of two dishes presss from both sides into a cavity ring 41; On the annular groove rolling disc 1 of cavity ring 41 positions, be fixedly installed many pieces of permanent magnets 2, these many pieces of permanent magnets 2 equably rounded track distribute, and every piece of permanent magnets 2 is identical to the distance between identical, the adjacent permanent magnets 2 of distance at circular rail trace 5 circle centers, place; The magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets 2 is contrary, and on annular groove rolling disc 1, all the magnetic polarity distribution mode of permanent magnets 2 is the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point Have at least the magnetic flow of two pieces of permanent magnets 2 not identical;
On the annular groove reaction plate 40 of cavity ring 41, be fixedly installed a Hall 3, Hall 3 is located at the position that approaches permanent magnets 2 and can experience each permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow, between Hall 3 and permanent magnets 2, has spacing; Hall 3 is opposite magnetic polarities to be produced to the Hall of square wave output signal;
［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater 21 is the digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotation to be become to the signal form conv of power-assisted model digital signal;
Power-assisted model treater 21 comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26;
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with sensitive member with crest recognizer 22, analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 are identified the square-wave signal of 3 inputs of Hall in sensitive member on the crest of each square wave, each square-wave signal is become to different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 with power-assisted starting point finder 23 respectively with crest recognizer 22, and power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24; The mark of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 use analogue to digital conversions and 22 inputs of crest recognizer has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order to calculate the rotating speed of annular groove rolling disc 1, and the rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1 is passed to power-assisted starting point finder 23, power-assisted starting point finder 23 use marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order, determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions with these two signals of rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1, determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch;
Power-assisted starting point finder 23 is all connected with power-assisted model calculator 26 respectively with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, and power-assisted model memory device 25 is also connected with power-assisted model calculator 26; The power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted model calculator 26 use power-assisted starting point finders 23, select a certain power-assisted pattern function in power-assisted model memory device 25 with these two conditions of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotating speed with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, and by power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal that is applicable to these two conditions, i.e. power-assisted model calculator 26 output power-assisted model digital signals;
［ 3 ］ D and A converter 27 is power-assisted model digital signal to be converted to the analog signal of power-assisted model;
Power-assisted model calculator 26 is connected with D and A converter 27, and D and A converter 27 converts power-assisted model simulation signal to the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator 26;
［ 4 ］ op amp 28 is the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 to be converted to the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension.
The annexation of sensor and Electrical Bicycle is: the annular groove rolling disc 1 of sensor and annular groove reaction plate 40 are enclosed within outside the axis 51 of Electrical Bicycle, and annular groove reaction plate 40 is fixedly connected with the sleeve pipe 52 outside axis 51, the annular groove rolling disc 1 of sensor is fixedly connected with the axis 51 of Electrical Bicycle, and annular groove rolling disc 1 follows axis 51 synchronously to rotate; Annular groove rolling disc 1 with inside and outside annular groove reaction plate 40, be nested chimericly become to be rotationally connected; Both are identical center of turn for annular groove rolling disc 1 and axis 51, and in sensor, the signal input part of the signal output lead of op amp 28 and the electric machine controller 29 of Electrical Bicycle is connected.
One, the explanation to working sensor principle: with principle of work, sensor is divided into signal acquisition and signal processing, so that structural relation and the effect of all parts of explanation sensor.Signal acquisition is rationally arranged and is carried out and obtain semiotic function by annular groove rolling disc 1, annular groove reaction plate 40, permanent magnets 2 and the Hall 3 of sensitive member; Signal is processed by power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 and is connected successively the power-assisted model simulation signal that electric machine controller 29 that the signal that Hall 3 is exported is processed into Electrical Bicycle can use.
［ one ］ explanation to sensitive member:
Annular groove rolling disc 1 is chimeric with annular groove reaction plate 40, can relatively rotate again, guaranteed at annular groove rolling disc 1 rotary state, Hall 3 does not change with the sensed position of whole permanent magnets 2, make the output signal of Hall 3 only relevant with the rotation of whole permanent magnets 2, and irrelevant with annular groove rolling disc 1 and the object of annular groove reaction plate below 40; If annular groove rolling disc 1 and annular groove reaction plate 40 use metallic materials, can there is shielding action again, so, with annular groove rolling disc 1, with annular groove reaction plate 40, Hall 3 is placed in to cavity ring 41 with whole permanent magnets 2 and responds to, improved reliability, the authenticity of Hall 3 signals.
When annular groove reaction plate 40 is fixed on a certain object, swivel becket connected in star rolling disc 1, during Hall 3 on the inswept annular groove reaction plate 40 of each permanent magnets 2 on annular groove rolling disc 1, each permanent magnets 2 can make Hall 3 produce electric signal.Because the magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets 2 is contrary, all magnetic polarity south, the north of permanent magnets 2 replace in the face of Hall 3, Hall 3 generation electric signal are square-wave signal, square-wave signal is conveniently carried out digitized processing signal, for realizing Digital Control.Prior art be the same magnetic polarity of the use of whole permanent magnets 2 towards Hall 3, Hall 3 just can only produce sine wave signal, so can only be for simulating control; Once the sensed parameter of Hall 3 changes, simulation is controlled just may distortion.And the present invention realizes Digital Control by square-wave signal, can not produce the problem of control distortion.
Annular groove rolling disc 1 can be the on-deformable plate of material such as plastic flagstone, the exhausted plate of high strength, copper coin, aluminium sheet.While using sensitive member, annular groove rolling disc 1 will rotate, and the center of rotation is exactly Yuan center, 2 one-tenth annular arrangement distribution places of a plurality of permanent magnets.
The object that 2 one-tenth annular arrangements of a plurality of permanent magnets distribute is only with a Hall 3, to experience the state of kinematic motion of whole permanent magnets 2 on annular groove rolling disc, experience movement position and the speed of whole permanent magnets 2 on annular groove rolling disc, and the variation of speed, or title acceleration/accel, this Hall 3 just can be expressed the state of kinematic motion of permanent magnets 2 with a continuous electric signal, because whole permanent magnets 2 is separately fixed at annular groove rolling disc, be on annular groove rolling disc 1 again, the continuous electric signal that Hall 3 produces just can be expressed the state of kinematic motion of annular groove rolling disc.If this continuous electric signal is used for controlling other object, this continuous electric signal is exactly control signal.If for controlling the motor of morpet, also need with micro controller system or other electron component as sensing signal processor, want rope to convert to the position in control signal, speed, acceleration/accel and need the how many power-assisted signal of power-assisted, the function converting is exactly power-assisted demand model, or claims power-assisted model.
The not identical meaning of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow is: making in electric signal that Hall 3 produces is not duplicate impulse singla, but the different impulse singla of peak valley difference, with distinguishing impulse singla, distinguish the diverse location of different permanent magnets 2, thereby can obtain the state of kinematic motion of diverse location permanent magnets 2.Reaching can certain position of accurate expression annular groove rolling disc, or each has the state of kinematic motion of permanent magnets 2.As for morpet, can ride the demand to power-assisted at diverse location by accurate expression, make the expression of power-assisted demand more accurate, car is just more consistent with people's cooperation.
The not identical namely magnetic flow of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow is vicissitudinous, the scope of its variation should be the sensitive magnetic flow scope of the same Hall 3 of invariant position, that is to say, the peak of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow and minimum should be within the scope of the sensitive magnetic flow of Hall 3.
Hall 3 is located at the position that approaches permanent magnets 2 and can experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow, and object is to experience with Hall 3 state of kinematic motion of permanent magnets 2, i.e. movement position, speed, acceleration/accel.
The magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets 2 is very important technical characterictic on the contrary, all the magnetic polarity distribution mode of permanent magnets 2 is the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point ... make the high and low alternate square-wave signal of Hall 3 output, the annular groove rolling disc stopping as limited size, rotating and within one week, will obtain as far as possible many accurate variable signals, should be to select square wave certainly.Because the time that the peak-to-valley value of square-wave signal changes is short, can, within the regular hour, produce as far as possible many signals that has control meaning.The contrary structure generation square wave of magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets 2, and the identical structure generation sinusoidal waveform of the magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets 2, during especially for morpet, as the annular groove rolling disc of sensing element, generally placing restrictions at diameter is 10-15 centimetre, in this limit scope, to obtain the signal of controlling function, rotate one week, produce square wave than producing the many 7-9 of the available pulse number of sinusoidal waveform doubly.Nature, to the control effect of morpet more, people coordinates with car better for the magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets 2 contrary structure, and rider people feels more comfortable.
［ two ］ explanation of power-assisted model treater 21: power-assisted model treater 21 is the digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotation to be become to the signal form conv of power-assisted model digital signal;
Power-assisted model treater 21 comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26, these parts to the processing thinking of signal are: the square-wave signal of Hall in sensitive member 3 is decomposited to the position digital signal that represents magnetic patch 2 positions, speed digital signal with representative ring connected in star rolling disc 1 rotating speed, because position and speed are all digital signals, just can with power-assisted math modeling, process position and speed, can design power-assisted math modeling by people's best perception, make the power-assisted model digital signal of its power-assisted model treater 21 outputs there is best power-assisted math modeling, the actuation point and the terminating point that have again this power-assisted math modeling, because there is the position digital signal of magnetic patch 2, so actuation point and terminating point are accurate to the power-assisted demand Complete Synchronization with people.Having solved prior art does not have magnetic patch 2 position signals and causes people's power-assisted demand and power-assisted unmatched models, postpone in the problem of power-assisted demand with the operation of power-assisted model, having solved prior art wants power not to power, to only give energetically little power, want little power again to energetically, do not want power again to man-machine ill-matched problems such as power.In power-assisted model treater 21, annexation and the function of each parts are as follows:
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with sensitive member with crest recognizer 22, analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 are identified the square-wave signal of 3 inputs of Hall in sensitive member on the crest of each square wave, each square-wave signal is become to different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the square-wave signal of magnetic patch position order.Like this, there is other square-wave signal of peak region to become the square-wave signal with data mark waveform, convenient in digitized processing process below, square wave peak value is become to square wave position data and carry out calculation process.So analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 are square wave peak value to be represented to the signal of magnetic patch position, become the treater by the digital signal of data mark magnetic patch position.This is the important inventive point that the present invention is different from existing morpet, there is the digital signal with data mark magnetic patch position, the present invention just can find some or each magnetic patch position on the annular groove rolling disc 1 of circulation circular movement, for starting, motor 30 produces power-assisted, increase power-assisted, reduce power-assisted, stop 30 work of the motors such as power-assisted and found starting point and terminal, people's power-assisted demand and motor 30 power-assisted behaviors can be matched, avoided existing morpet to be difficult to realize man-machine cooperation, while occurring needing power-assisted, motor 30 does not rotate, while not needing power-assisted, motor 30 also keeps motion not stop, even cause the problem of collision accident.
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 with power-assisted starting point finder 23 respectively with crest recognizer 22, and power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24; The mark of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 use analogue to digital conversions and 22 inputs of crest recognizer has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order to calculate the rotating speed of annular groove rolling disc 1, and the rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1 is passed to power-assisted starting point finder 23, power-assisted starting point finder 23 use marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order, determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions with these two signals of rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1, determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch.Due to, definite power-assisted starting point magnetic patch is the square wave that has data mark, power-assisted starting point magnetic patch has magnetic patch 2 positions of unique correspondence, like this, power-assisted starting point finder 23 has completed magnetic patch 2 positions of finding out power-assisted initial point, also, in the time of just can determining certain magnetic patch 2 where, start or finish motor and carry out certain power-assisted model sport.This specific magnetic patch 2 that just reaches people's control loop connected in star rolling disc 1 is synchronized with the movement, specific magnetic patch 2 is controlled motor 30 and is carried out specific synchronous rotation, realize the object of people's synchro control motor, there will not be the starting point of control and terminal inaccurate, there will not be the starting point of control and the problem that terminal postpones.But existing morpet, when opening only power-assisted, all can not find the stop bit that opens of synchronizeing with people and puts, so all can produce the starting point of control and the problem that terminal postpones.
Power-assisted starting point finder 23 is all connected with power-assisted model calculator 26 respectively with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, and power-assisted model memory device 25 is also connected with power-assisted model calculator 26; The power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted model calculator 26 use power-assisted starting point finders 23, select a certain power-assisted pattern function in power-assisted model memory device 25 with these two conditions of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotating speed with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, and by power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal that is applicable to these two conditions, power-assisted model calculator 26 just can be exported power-assisted model digital signal.
［ three ］ explanation of logarithmic mode conv 27: D and A converter 27 is power-assisted model digital signal to be converted to the analog signal of power-assisted model.
Power-assisted model calculator 26 is connected with D and A converter 27, and D and A converter 27 converts power-assisted model simulation signal to the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator 26.So that the analog signal to electric machine controller 29 output power-assisted models that can only Analog signals.
［ four ］ explanation to op amp 28: op amp 28 is the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 to be converted to the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension.
D and A converter 27 is connected with op amp 28, although the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 has solved power-assisted model problem, but the voltage of power-assisted model signals can't meet the needs of electric machine controller 29, so also will power-assisted model simulation signal be converted to the power-assisted model simulation signal that the range of nominal tension needs with op amp 28, just can be transferred to electric machine controller 29.
Two, sensor and Electrical Bicycle are connected to form the explanation of morpet:
For in kind installation is described, from aspect in kind sensor, be divided into mechanical part and sensing element, so that each material object and each relevant structural relation in kind of Electrical Bicycle of sensor to be described.By annular groove rolling disc 1,40 phase clamping phase embeddings become to be rotationally connected relation to mechanical part with annular groove reaction plate, form and have housing structure empty in annular.Sensing element is housed in housing annular in the air, a plurality of permanent magnets 2 of sensing element are fixed on the inside face of annular groove rolling disc 1 aerial in housing annular, permanent magnets 2 is synchronizeed rotation with annular groove rolling disc 1, make a plurality of permanent magnets 2 synchronize rotation with bicycle pedal 54, reach by a plurality of permanent magnets 2 and represent the object of cyclist to the mechanical action of power-assisted demand.The Hall 3 of sensing element, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 are fixed on the inside face of aerial annular groove reaction plate 40 in housing annular, annular groove reaction plate 40 is fixing with the sleeve pipe 52 of cycle frame, annular groove reaction plate 40 is not rotated with annular groove rolling disc 1, be fixed on the sensing element Hall 3 on annular groove reaction plate 40, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 do not rotate with annular groove rolling disc 1 yet, make its Hall 3 can experience with a fixed position turned position of whole permanent magnets 2, thereby cyclist all can be become to electric signal to the mechanical action of power-assisted demand, again by sensing element power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28, the power-assisted demand electric signal of Hall 3 is become to the power-assisted model electric signal of man-machine coupling, op amp 28 is passed to electric machine controller 29 the power-assisted model electric signal of man-machine coupling, electric machine controller 29 is controlled motor 30 and is rotated by the mode of man-machine coupling, finally realize morpet by people's best demand mode motion, realize the effect of man-machine coupling.
In sensor of the present invention, the signal of each Signal Processing Element output is:
Hall 3 output square-wave signals;
Power-assisted model treater 21 output power-assisted model digital signals;
Analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;
The start position signal of the power-assisted starting point magnetic patch that 23 outputs of power-assisted starting point finder are definite;
Magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 calculates the also rotating speed digital signal of output ring connected in star rolling disc 1;
It is standby that power-assisted model memory device 25 has multiple power-assisted pattern function, exports the digital signal of selected power-assisted pattern function;
Power-assisted model calculator 26 calculates and exports for controlling the power-assisted model digital signal of function;
The power-assisted model simulation signal that D and A converter 27 outputs convert power-assisted model digital signal to;
Op amp 28 outputs convert power-assisted model simulation signal to the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension;
What thermally dependent resistor R6 guaranteed op amp 28 outputs is the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension, i.e. standard power-assisted model simulation signal.
For solving power-assisted model simulation signal drift problem, be provided with thermally dependent resistor R6, thermally dependent resistor R6 is connected between the input end and mouth of op amp 28.
Hall 3, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 are all semiconductor devices, there is again Analog signals function, very easily vary with temperature and make signal parameter produce drift, particularly summer and winter, morpet is again all outdoor, temperature traverse produces the successful of signal parameter drift, so, preferably the signal of op amp 28 outputs is carried out to signal drift correction, obtain the standard power-assisted model simulation signal that is not subject to influence of temperature change, standard power-assisted model simulation signal is controlled to motor 30 operations by electric machine controller 29, the people who rides morpet just can not feel summer and the different problem of power-assisted effect in winter.
Power-assisted model treater 21 is micro controller systems 31, is connected with clock circuit 32 on micro controller system 31.With micro controller system 31, complete the function of analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26.The clock signal of clock circuit 32 is the effects for the square-wave signal of Hall 3 inputs is distinguished, and preferably the length of each clock signal is 0.001 second.
The mechanical part of sensor and sensing element structural relation: the mechanical part of sensor comprises the annular groove reaction plate 40 of annular groove rolling disc 1 and tabling, the sensing element of sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets 2, Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28; In sensing element, connected Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and 28 4 electronic components of op amp are located on a circuit card 59 successively; The fixing a plurality of permanent magnets 2 of annular groove rolling disc 1 inwall in cavity ring 41, annular groove reaction plate 40 inwall fixing circuit boards 59 in cavity ring 41, Hall 3 on circuit card 59 is located at the magnetic flow that can experience permanent magnets 2, and Hall 3 can be according to the position of magnetic flux change exporting change electric signal.Sensing element is the sensing function parts of sensor; Mechanical part is to have two functions, the firstth, the fixing relative position of each element in sensing element, make each element can form a sensing function whole, the secondth, this sensing function integral body is fixed on Electrical Bicycle, and makes the state of kinematic motion of the whole energy of this sensing function sensing Electrical Bicycle.Connected successively Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and 28 4 electronic components of op amp are located on a circuit card 59, favourable these four electronic component integrations, modularization, miniaturization, convenient whole unified annular groove reaction plate 40 inwalls that are fixed on cavity ring 41 of these four electronic components, the work simplification that makes to manufacture sensor.
The preferred model of each parts of sensor of the present invention and concrete connection mode are: Hall 3 is UGN3075, and power-assisted model treater 21 is AT89S52 micro controller systems 31, and D and A converter 27 is ADC-C8E; Op amp 28 is OF-17F, between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp 28 and mouth 6 pin, is connected with thermally dependent resistor R6; Each parts annexation is as follows:
Signal output part 3 pin of Hall 3 connect 12 pin INTO ［ P32 ］ of micro controller system 31;
12 pin B8 of 39 pin P00 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
11 pin B7 of 38 pin P01 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
10 pin B6 of 37 pin P02 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
9 pin B5 of 36 pin P03 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
8 pin B4 of 35 pin P04 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
7 pin B3 of 34 pin P05 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
6 pin B2 of 33 pin P06 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
5 pin B1 of 32 pin P07 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
2 pin of 4 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;
3 pin of 2 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;
6 pin of op amp 28 are analog signal output.
Between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp 28 and mouth 6 pin, be connected with thermally dependent resistor R6, and thermally dependent resistor R6 two ends are also parallel with capacitor C 6.Preferably thermally dependent resistor R6 is 5K, and capacitor C 6 is 8P, uses the R5 ground connection of 1.25k between 4 pin of D and A converter 27 and 2 pin of op amp 28.Make its available temperature-sensitive resistance R 6 regulate the analog signal voltage scope of op amp 286 pin outputs to be stabilized between 0.8--4.2V.
Between the inside face of the outside face of annular groove reaction plate 40 inner rings and annular groove rolling disc 1 inner ring, be provided with bearing 42.Bearing 42 makes can keep for a long time good relatively rotating between annular groove reaction plate 40 and annular groove rolling disc 1.
Annular groove reaction plate 40 outside faces of sensor are provided with circular depressed 58; Sleeve pipe 52 clampings outside circular depressed 58 and electrical bicycle middle shaft 51, packaged tube 52 is fastened in the structure being fixedly connected with in circular depressed 58.With the circular depressed 58 of annular groove reaction plate 40 and the sleeve pipe 52 outside electrical bicycle middle shaft 51, be fixed with the effect of simple, the convenient cleaning of assembling, good looking appearance.
Hall 3 is located between interior circular trajectory and outer ring trajectory.Because Hall 3 is to have spacing to experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow and the parts of output electrical signals, again in order to reduce the volume of permanent magnets 2 as far as possible, make its many permanent magnets 2 that arrange as far as possible on annular groove rolling disc 1, the permanent magnets 2 as far as possible reducing can be responded to by Hall 3; Hall 3 should be located between interior circular trajectory and outer ring trajectory, and is preferably located at the position that approaches the circular rail trace that can run through whole permanent magnets 2.
Annular groove rolling disc 1 is provided with centre hole in the circle scope of the interior circular trajectory place of a plurality of permanent magnets 2.If annular groove rolling disc 1 will be set on a turning cylinder and use, on annular groove rolling disc 1, will establish a hole that wears turning cylinder; For guaranteeing that annular groove rolling disc 1 is when rotating with turning cylinder, Hall 3 can be experienced the motor message of each permanent magnets 2 on annular groove rolling disc 1, on annular groove rolling disc 1, wear the center that hole should be located at the interior circular trajectory place circle scope of a plurality of permanent magnets 2, because interior circular trajectory and outer ring trajectory are concentric circles, certainly wear the center of circular rail trace place circle scope outside, hole, wearing hole is the hole, center of interior circular trajectory and outer ring trajectory, i.e. centre hole.That is to say, centre hole is not necessarily circular, can be the shapes such as square, triangle, to can be nested with the turning cylinder of the shapes such as square, triangle, but the interior sky of centre hole necessarily comprises Yuan center, interior circular trajectory place, could use a Hall 3 to experience the motor message of whole permanent magnets 2 on annular groove rolling disc 1 annular groove rolling disc.
Have at least the magnetic flow of a permanent magnets 2 to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one permanent magnets 2.The magnetic flow that is not equal to other, special values of magnetic flux can be used for representing the position of bicycle pedal.Preferably have at least the magnetic flow of two each and every one permanent magnets 2 to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one permanent magnets 2, the permanent magnets 2 of these two special values of magnetic fluxes corresponds respectively to two stretchers, for representing the position of two stretchers of bicycle.Because the circular movement of bicycle pedal, judges that pedal position is for the speed that obtains this circular movement, determine that the power-assisted model of circular movement is extremely important next time.
Annular groove rolling disc 1 is plastic flagstone, aluminum board, copper material plate a certain of non-magnet_conductible material.Because the present invention is the contrary structure of magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets 2, can make the edge of adjacent permanent magnets 2 almost can be affixed the electric signal that also can make Hall 3 outputs have control function.
Advantage of the present invention: simple in structure, cost is low, the permanent magnets quantity on permanent magnets ring is not placed restrictions on, the impulse singla of outputting standard, there is no signal blind zone, only with one group of output signal of a Hall, just the total movement state, output signal of energy perfect representation Moving plate can distortion drift about, by the magnetic flux change of permanent magnets, represent can have in fixed position, place, output signal the movement position of each permanent magnets, for morpet, make power-assisted output can highly coordinate with power-assisted demand and cyclist is felt well.
(1) simple in structure, without elastic component, machinery-free fault: experience a plurality of permanent magnets with Hall and rotate output signal, the speed providing with Chinese patent 01201843.0 can be calculated the principle of moment, available multiple math modeling is calculated the moment parameter of morpet, for controlling the motor of morpet, realize power-assisted.Without elastic component, simple in structure, cost lower than with elastic component and mechanically stressed sensor.Each mechanical part distortion, machinery-free fault, the not good problem of cooperation have been avoided after long-time use.
(2) magnetic polarity is contrary, output square-wave signal, there is accurate control function: because the magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets is contrary, and Hall is selected the Hall that opposite magnetic polarities is produced to square wave output signal, no matter spacing is how many for adjacent permanent magnets, even very close to each other between adjacent permanent magnets, Hall can be exported square-wave signal too.As for morpet, the motor of controlling morpet with the output signal of square wave is better than with sinusoidal waveform, because rectangle wave energy is accomplished signal point at any time, the signal implication that represents movement position and speed is accurate, thereby movement position and speed that can Precise Representation booster bicycle pedal, to go out the correct power-assisted demand of this state of kinematic motion with the accurate position of pedal and speed calculation.
(3) magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets is contrary, permanent magnets quantity is not placed restrictions on, can increase sensing point position: because magnetic polarity is contrary as far as possible, output square-wave signal, even adjacent permanent magnets gapless, the signal of its output has remained number, differentiable square-wave signal, still has control function, that is to say and can not export the unchanged linear signal of not controlling function.As for morpet, because the annular groove rolling disc diameter with pedal linkage is placed restrictions on, just can be on the annular groove rolling disc of prescribed level, increase permanent magnets quantity as far as possible, increase sensing point position as far as possible, with as far as possible many transducing signals, represent bicycle pedal movement position and speed, Precise Representation state of kinematic motion.
(4) magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets is contrary, can permanent magnets be set many, sensing point position is many, the state of kinematic motion of annular groove rolling disc is represented accurately: to for morpet, fixedly the annular groove rolling disc size of permanent magnets is strictly placed restrictions on, general annular groove rolling disc diameter can only be in 10-15 centimetre, in order to make Hall have the magnetic pole signal that obtains permanent magnets under the condition of spacing, the diameter of its permanent magnets is at least Ф 0.6-0.8 centimetre, zero-lash 35-73 permanent magnets ［ (10-1) the * 3.14/0.8=35 that arranges of the periphery of the annular groove rolling disc of diameter 10-15 centimetre, (15-1) * 3.14/0.6=73 ］, stretcher circles, and Hall can obtain 35-73 signal for controlling the motor of morpet.But if the identical prior art of adjacent permanent magnets magnetic polarity, adjacent permanent magnets, by 5 centimetres of spacing,, on diameter 10-15 centimetre of annular groove rolling disc, can only arrange at most 5-8 permanent magnets ［ (10-1) * 3.14/5.8=5; (15-1) * 3.14/5.6=8 ］.Visible, the art of this patent can arrange doubly ［ 35/5=6 of permanent magnets 7-9 than prior art more; 73/8=9 ］, 30-65 permanent magnets ［ 35-5=30 is set more; 73-8=65 ］.So annular groove rolling disc circles, the art of this patent has increased 7-9 annular groove turn disc site signal doubly than prior art.The electric machine control accuracy rate of morpet has been improved to 7-9 doubly naturally, make cyclist also improve 7-9 doubly to power-assisted demand accuracy rate, car and people's cooperate degree improves greatly, and cyclist's comfort increases greatly, is no longer that fast slow uncomfortable sensation of boosted vehicle of prior art.The present invention asks someone according to actual experience, while roughly 15 permanent magnets being set uniformly on annular groove rolling disc, substantially having eliminated prior art and has only established 5-8 permanent magnets and make that fast slow uncomfortable sensation of boosted vehicle; While roughly 20 permanent magnets being set uniformly on annular groove rolling disc, car coordinates oneself can meet human needs with people's, and the sensation of riding boosted vehicle is very comfortable.
(5) there is no signal blind zone, power-assisted demand whenever all can obtain the power-assisted matching: this patent can arrange at most 35-73 permanent magnets at the annular groove rolling disc periphery of diameter 10-15 centimetre, and between each permanent magnets, average angle is 5-10 degree.For morpet, when starting or move, stretcher is from leaving in the 35 degree regions at 10-45 degree angle, summit, there is 4-7 permanent magnets (just having had a signal in the position of leaving 10Du angle, summit), the exportable 4-7 of Hall control signal reacts power-assisted demand, can realize any position, have power-assisted just can obtain the excellent technique effect of corresponding power-assisted any time, make car and people's no-float, it is laborsaving comfortable again that cyclist feels.
(6) only with a Hall, the total movement state of a control signal representative ring connected in star rolling disc, the state of kinematic motion of control signal and annular groove rolling disc is in full accord, control signal and people's demand is in full accord: a plurality of permanent magnets are fixed on annular groove rolling disc, permanent magnets is synchronizeed and is rotated with annular groove rolling disc, with a Hall, experience whole permanent magnets motor messages, the control signal of Hall output and the state of kinematic motion of annular groove rolling disc are in full accord, also just in full accord with people's demand, control signal does not have original segmentation error and signal drift problem.Even if hall sensing parameter changes, be also whole control signal parallel, as long as it is wider to receive the range of receiving of electric machine controller of Hall control signal, the control effect of the Hall control signal having changed becomes systematicness to change.As for morpet, power-assisted demand model can distortion, and power-assisted output and power-assisted demand still keep the matching relationship of original model, and the systematicness that cyclist is easy to grasp this power-assisted ability changes.
(7) magnetic flow of each permanent magnets changes, the vicissitudinous permanent magnets of magnetic flow can represent the state of kinematic motion of specific site: because the magnetic flow of each permanent magnets changes, each permanent magnets makes Hall export the control signal of peculiar peak valley difference waveform, the state of kinematic motion in a certain fixedly permanent magnets site that control signal of peculiar peak valley difference waveform just can direct representation annular groove rolling disc; As each permanent magnets has oneself given magnetic flux, can reach and have how many permanent magnets, just can obtain the motion state signal of how many specific sites.As for morpet, annular groove rolling disc diameter is in 10-15 centimetre, and annular groove rolling disc circles, and Hall can obtain the control signal of 35-73 different loci state of kinematic motion, naturally knows the power-assisted demand in 35-73 site.Clearly, annular groove rolling disc circles, and prior art can only have at most 5-8 power-assisted demand, and being nothing like the maximum available 35-73 of a this patent power-assisted desired signal more can be truly, react cyclist's power-assisted demand multiple data quantity.That is to say, morpet the art of this patent, it is consistent that Che Gengneng and people's demand match, and cyclist experiences stretcher at any turned position, and oneself all completely can regulation speed, and traveling comfort is good.And the morpet of prior art can only be at most 5-8 turned positions ability can regulation speed.
(8) use the synthetic housing of annular groove rolling disc annular groove reaction plate in relative rotation, fixed the relative position of Hall with whole permanent magnets, avoid the ambient interference outside housing, improved reliability, the authenticity of hall signal, also facilitated installation, debugging, maintenance etc.
(9) can carry out digitized processing to hall signal, make to add in control signal the control model of man-machine optimized matching: the digital signal that the square-wave signal with magnetic patch position and magnetic patch rotating speed is become to this two key element, with the mathematics power-assisted model of setting, be applicable to man-machine no-float, the digital signal of this two key element is converted to power-assisted model digital signal, again power-assisted model digital signal is converted to power-assisted model simulation signal, finally power-assisted model simulation signal is become to the control signal that electric machine controller burning voltage scope, that have rating horsepower can be used.In a word, the signal exactly magnetic patch being rotated carries out digitized processing, in digitized processing treating process, adds the power-assisted model of mathematics, makes, in the control signal of the last output of sensor, to contain the power-assisted model adding.Because the power-assisted model of mathematics is artificial setting, so, always the power-assisted model specification of mathematics can be become to the model of the most applicable man-machine cooperation, the exportable control signal that can realize best man-machine cooperation of sensor of the present invention.And the magnetic patch same pole of existing morpet sensor is at the same face, Hall can not obtain square-wave signal, also just cannot carry out digitized processing to hall signal, it controls model can only be hall signal to be carried out to part revise, so can not realize the control signal of the man-machine optimized matching of output.
Finally the control signal of output does not have signal drift: with thermally dependent resistor R6, the output signal of op amp is carried out to feedback regulation, can solve the problem that the semiconductor devices such as Hall, D and A converter and op amp make power-assisted model simulation signal drift, what make the last output of sensor is the standard power-assisted model simulation signal that is not subject to variation of ambient temperature.
(11) can realize the machine operation mode of man-machine optimized matching: analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer become different digital signals by each square-wave signal, power-assisted model calculator is with regard to available power-assisted starting point finder selected and power-assisted math modeling power-assisted demand optimized matching in power-assisted model memory device, and the speed parameter substitution power-assisted math modeling that magnetic patch rotating speed calculator is provided, power-assisted model calculator just can calculate the power-assisted model digital signal of stretcher under certain situation.This power-assisted model digital signal is exactly to make people and control signal Electrical Bicycle energy optimized matching, that use for controlling motor.Power-assisted model calculator is digital processor, it can accept any digitized math modeling, power-assisted model memory device just can provide to power-assisted model calculator the math modeling of any artificial setting, had people to set arbitrarily this condition of math modeling, people just can set the math modeling that can make people and Electrical Bicycle energy optimized matching.Power-assisted model memory device has people to set, and can make the math modeling of people and Electrical Bicycle energy optimized matching, just can realize the machine operation mode of people and Electrical Bicycle optimized matching; People sets that math modeling can also make motor have the most reasonably to start and the mode of operation of the model that turns round, power saving.So morpet of the present invention is province's electric booster bicycle of people and Electrical Bicycle optimized matching.
But in a rotation period of existing power-assisted bike pedal plate, Hall can only be exported less than 10 sine wave signals, sine wave signal can not become digital signal, can not people add best power-assisted model to control the motor of Electrical Bicycle, the power-assisted model of this morpet can not realize man-machine optimized matching, can not make motor have mode of operation the most reasonable, power saving.
(12) power saving effect and meaning: with in morpet of the present invention and city, buy to have 8 permanent magnets coplanars be same pole as the morpet of sensing element, carries out power saving comparison, with same Electrical Bicycle, use the mode of different sensors instead, identical cyclist rides and surveys in fact in same road segment, result is: after riding 110 kilometers with morpet of the present invention, battery has a small amount of electricity more than also; After the morpet of buying in Dan Yonggai city is ridden 45 kilometers, battery has not had remaining electricity.The meaning of this power saving is: the morpet of the present invention that is full of electricity can meet whole day to be ridden and not charge, solved people on the way and car can not this existing morpet of power-assisted hang-up.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is many magnetic patch position uneven distribution magnetic flow on annular groove rolling disc, and the sensitive member structural representation that replaces of permanent magnets N-S, and in figure, permanent magnets line weight is different represents that magnetic flow is different;
Fig. 2 is many magnetic patch position uneven distribution magnetic flow on annular groove rolling disc, and the highdensity permanent magnets sensitive member structural representation that becomes N-S to replace, and in figure, permanent magnets line weight is different represents that magnetic flow is different;
Fig. 3 is the axis of bicycle and the cross-sectional view of sleeve pipe and sensor annexation;
Fig. 4 is that the signal of Hall, power-assisted model treater, D and A converter, op amp flows to block scheme;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of Hall, micro controller system, D and A converter, op amp;
Fig. 6 is that sensor is located at the annexation schematic diagram that forms morpet of the present invention on the axis of Electrical Bicycle.
In figure, 1 is annular groove rolling disc, the 2nd, permanent magnets, the 3rd, Hall, the 5th, circular rail trace, the 21st, power-assisted model treater, the 22nd, analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer, the 23rd, power-assisted starting point finder, the 24th, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator, the 25th, power-assisted model memory device, the 26th, power-assisted model calculator, the 27th, D and A converter, the 28th, op amp, the 29th, electric machine controller, the 30th, motor, the 31st, micro controller system, the 32nd, clock circuit, the 40th, annular groove reaction plate, the 41st, cavity ring, the 42nd, bearing, the 51st, axis, the 52nd, sleeve pipe, the 53rd, chain drum, the 54th, stretcher, the 55th, battery, the 58th, circular depressed, the 59th, circuit card.
The specific embodiment
The morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in embodiment 1, use housing
As Fig. 1,3,4,6, the installation of sensors in the present invention, on the axis 51 of existing Electrical Bicycle, is connected the output line of sensor with the electric machine controller 29 of Electrical Bicycle, just obtain morpet of the present invention.
One, Electrical Bicycle parts and the structure relevant with sensor installation: Electrical Bicycle has axis 51, axis 51 interlude covers have sleeve pipe 52, and axis 51 is rotationally connected with sleeve pipe 52; On axis 51, be fixed with chain drum 53, axis 51 two ends are fixed with respectively stretcher 54; The inside face of sleeve pipe 52 and axis 51 are rotationally connected, and the outside face of sleeve pipe 52 is fixedly connected with the vehicle frame of Electrical Bicycle; On Electrical Bicycle, battery 55 connects electric machine controller 29, the motor 30 that electric machine controller 29 connects on wheel.
Two, the structure of sensor and the annexation of parts are as follows:
Sensor comprises sensitive member, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and the op amp 28 connecting successively;
［ 1 ］ sensitive member is the rotational motion of annular groove rolling disc 1 to be become to the element of square-wave signal output;
Relative with both concave surfaces of an annular groove rolling disc 1 and an annular groove reaction plate 40, the size of annular groove rolling disc 1 and annular groove reaction plate 40 just in time makes annular groove reaction plate 40 can be entrenched among the annular groove of annular groove rolling disc 1, synthetic two dishes are chimeric interior empty shell in relative rotation, and the concave surface of two dishes presss from both sides into a cavity ring 41; On the annular groove rolling disc 1 of cavity ring 41 positions, be fixedly installed 20 permanent magnets 2.Annular groove rolling disc 1 and annular groove reaction plate 40 highstrenghtpiston's injection molded.
10.0 centimetres of 1 diameters of annular groove rolling disc in cavity ring 41, the diameter of establishing 2,20 permanent magnets 2 of 20 permanent magnets at annular groove rolling disc 1 is respectively 0.8 centimetre, and magnetic flow is 146---279 (BH) max/KJm -3different selective value in scope, and it is unequal to face mutually the magnetic flow of permanent magnets 2.The structure of annular groove rolling disc 1, permanent magnets 2, Hall 3 is as follows:
All permanent magnets 2 rounded track distributions equably, each permanent magnets 2 is fixed on 9.0 centimetres of circular rail traces 5 of diameter, and each permanent magnets 2 is identical to the distance between identical, the adjacent permanent magnets 2 of distance at circular rail trace 5 circle centers, places.
There is the magnetic flow of two permanent magnets 2 to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one permanent magnets 2, and the magnetic flow of these two permanent magnets 2 is also unequal, the position of these two permanent magnets 2 is just in time at the two ends of 1 one diameters of annular groove rolling disc, and these two permanent magnets 2 for representing the movement position of two stretchers on morpet.
The contrary mode of magnetic polarity in 2 one-tenth adjacent permanent magnets 2 of whole permanent magnets of 1 one face settings of annular groove rolling disc is arranged, and on 1 one faces of annular groove rolling disc, all the magnetic polarity distribution mode of permanent magnets 2 is the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point ...
On annular groove reaction plate 40 in cavity ring 41, be fixedly installed a Hall 3, the output line of Hall 3 passes from annular groove reaction plate 40, Hall 3 is located at the position that approaches permanent magnets 2, be that Hall 3 is located in each permanent magnets 2 place circular rail trace 5 scope, Hall 3 keeps the spacing distance of 0.3 centimetre with each permanent magnets 2 of rotary state, make each permanent magnets 2 of rotating when through Hall 3, Hall 3 can produce a corresponding square wave electric signal output.
Annular groove rolling disc 1 is provided with centre hole at these whole permanent magnets 2 circular rail trace 5 centers, place, and centre hole is for being enclosed within the pedal axis 51 of morpet.
［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater 21 is the digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotation to be become to the conv of the signal form of power-assisted model digital signal;
Power-assisted model treater 21 comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26;
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with sensitive member with crest recognizer 22, analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 are identified the square-wave signal of 3 inputs of Hall in sensitive member on the crest of each square wave, each square-wave signal is become to different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 with power-assisted starting point finder 23 respectively with crest recognizer 22, and power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24; The magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 use analogue to digital conversions and 22 inputs of crest recognizer calculates the rotating speed of annular groove rolling disc 1, and the rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1 is passed to power-assisted starting point finder 23, power-assisted starting point finder 23 use marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order, determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions with these two signals of rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc 1, determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch; Power-assisted starting point finder 23 has completed the initial point magnetic patch of finding out power-assisted, namely determine and come into effect power-assisted from certain square wave, accurately say be exactly at annular groove rolling disc 1 under certain speed conditions, from certain magnetic patch, in certain position, start to carry out power-assisted, or from certain magnetic patch certain position, the power-assisted model of original power-assisted model being changed into next step selection carries out power-assisted.
Power-assisted starting point finder 23 is all connected with power-assisted model calculator 26 respectively with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, and power-assisted model memory device 25 is also connected with power-assisted model calculator 26; The power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted model calculator 26 use power-assisted starting point finders 23, select a certain power-assisted pattern function in power-assisted model memory device 25 with these two conditions of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotating speed with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, and by power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of annular groove rolling disc 1 rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal that is applicable to these two conditions, i.e. power-assisted model calculator 26 output power-assisted model digital signals;
［ 3 ］ D and A converter 27 is power-assisted model digital signal to be converted to the analog signal of power-assisted model.
Power-assisted model calculator 26 is connected with D and A converter 27, and D and A converter 27 converts power-assisted model simulation signal to the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator 26.So that the simulation letter to electric machine controller 29 output power-assisted models that can only Analog signals.
［ 4 ］ op amp 28 is the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 to be converted to the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension.
D and A converter 27 is connected with op amp 28, although the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 has solved power-assisted model problem, but the voltage of power-assisted model signals can't meet the needs of electric machine controller 29, so also will power-assisted model simulation signal be converted to the power-assisted model simulation signal that the range of nominal tension needs with op amp 28, just can be transferred to electric machine controller 29, reach electric machine controller 29 control motors 30 and carry out the operation that power-assisted is object.
Three, sensor and Electrical Bicycle connect into morpet: the annular groove rolling disc 1 of sensor and annular groove reaction plate 40 are enclosed within outside the axis 51 of Electrical Bicycle, and annular groove reaction plate 40 is fixedly connected with the sleeve pipe 52 outside axis 51, the annular groove rolling disc 1 of sensor is fixedly connected with the axis 51 of Electrical Bicycle, and annular groove rolling disc 1 follows axis 51 synchronously to rotate; Annular groove rolling disc 1 with inside and outside annular groove reaction plate 40, be nested chimericly become to be rotationally connected; Both are identical center of turn for annular groove rolling disc 1 and axis 51, and in sensor, the signal input part of the signal output lead of op amp 28 and the electric machine controller 29 of Electrical Bicycle is connected.Like this, the permanent magnets 2 on annular groove rolling disc 1 follows axis 51 synchronously to rotate, and permanent magnets 2 is just synchronizeed rotation with bicycle pedal 54, and the rotation of permanent magnets 2 is just rotated equal angular, identical speed with stretcher 54.Hall 3 on annular groove reaction plate 40 is just experienced stretcher 54 rotational angles and speed by experiencing the rotation of permanent magnets 2.Hall 3, position and the speed electric signal of experiencing permanent magnets 2 rotations, represents that the position of stretcher 54 rotations and electronic unit power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 that speed electric signal is passed on circuit card 59 carry out signal processing.Op amp 28 is connected with the electric machine controller 29 of Electrical Bicycle, realized the object of sensor electricity consumption signal control Electrical Bicycle, use the power-assisted model simulation signal of op amp 28, or claim standard power-assisted model simulation signal control Electrical Bicycle, obtain morpet.
The power-assisted model simulation signal of exporting due to op amp 28 is to make the morpet motor 30 motion signal consistent with cyclist's power-assisted demand, so the morpet of the present embodiment is the morpet that people's function matches.
Embodiment 2, the high density morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing
As Fig. 2,3,4,6,10.0 centimetres of 1 diameters of annular groove rolling disc in cavity ring 41, the diameter of establishing 2,40 permanent magnets 2 of 40 permanent magnets at annular groove rolling disc 1 is respectively 0.6 centimetre, and magnetic flow is 146---279 (BH) max/KJm -3different selective value in scope, and it is unequal to face mutually the magnetic flow of permanent magnets 2.Hall 3 keeps the spacing distance of 0.2 centimetre with each permanent magnets 2 of rotary state, makes each permanent magnets 2 of rotating when through Hall 3, and Hall 3 can produce a corresponding square wave electric signal output.The structure of other annular groove rolling disc 1, permanent magnets 2, Hall 3 is same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, there is the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing of physical circuit
As Fig. 1,3,5,6, as embodiment 1, sensor comprises sensitive member, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and the op amp 28 connecting successively;
［ 1 ］ Hall in sensitive member 3 is selected UGN3075; In sensitive member, the structure of other element and element is same as embodiment 1;
［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater 21 selects micro controller system 31 to complete repertoire, and micro controller system 31 is selected AT89S52.It is the repertoire that AT89S52 micro controller system 31 completes analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26.
［ 3 ］ ADC-C8E is selected in D and A converter 27.
［ 4 ］ op amp 28 is selected OF-17F, is connected with the thermally dependent resistor R6 of 5k between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp 28 and mouth 6 pin; And thermally dependent resistor R6 two ends are also parallel with 8P capacitor C 6.Between 4 pin of D and A converter 27 and 2 pin of op amp 28, use the R5 ground connection of 1.25k.Make its available temperature-sensitive resistance R 6 regulate the analog signal voltage scope of op amp 286 pin outputs to be stabilized between 0.8--4.2V.
Each electronic unit annexation is as follows:
Signal output part 3 pin of Hall 3 connect 12 pin INTO ［ P32 ］ of micro controller system 31;
12 pin B8 of 39 pin P00 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
11 pin B7 of 38 pin P01 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
10 pin B6 of 37 pin P02 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
9 pin B5 of 36 pin P03 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
8 pin B4 of 35 pin P04 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
7 pin B3 of 34 pin P05 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
6 pin B2 of 33 pin P06 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
5 pin B1 of 32 pin P07 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;
2 pin of 4 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;
3 pin of 2 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;
6 pin of op amp 28 are analog signal output.
［ 5 ］ mechanical part of sensor and sensing element structural relation: the mechanical part of sensor comprises the annular groove reaction plate 40 of annular groove rolling disc 1 and tabling, the sensing element of sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets 2, Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28; In sensing element, connected Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and 28 4 electronic components of op amp are located on a circuit card 59 successively; The fixing a plurality of permanent magnets 2 of annular groove rolling disc 1 inwall in cavity ring 41, annular groove reaction plate 40 inwall fixing circuit boards 59 in cavity ring 41, Hall 3 on circuit card 59 is located at the magnetic flow that can experience permanent magnets 2, and Hall 3 can be according to the position of magnetic flux change exporting change electric signal.Sensing element is the sensing function parts of sensor; Mechanical part is to have two functions, the firstth, the fixing relative position of each element in sensing element, make each element can form a sensing function whole, the secondth, this sensing function integral body is fixed on Electrical Bicycle, and makes the state of kinematic motion of the whole energy of this sensing function sensing Electrical Bicycle.Connected successively Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and 28 4 electronic components of op amp are located on a circuit card 59, favourable these four electronic component integrations, modularization, miniaturization, convenient whole unified annular groove reaction plate 40 inwalls that are fixed on cavity ring 41 of these four electronic components, the work simplification that makes to manufacture sensor.

Claims (10)

1. use the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing, comprise Electrical Bicycle and sensor, Electrical Bicycle has axis (51), and axis (51) interlude cover has sleeve pipe (52), and axis (51) is rotationally connected with sleeve pipe (52); On axis (51), be fixed with chain drum (53), axis (51) two ends are fixed with respectively stretcher (54); Battery on Electrical Bicycle (55) connects electric machine controller (29), and electric machine controller (29) connects the motor (30) on wheel; It is characterized in that:
The structure of sensor and the annexation of parts are as follows:
Comprise the sensitive member, power-assisted model treater (21), D and A converter (27) and the op amp (28) that connect successively;
［ 1 ］ sensitive member is the rotational motion of annular groove rolling disc (1) to be become to the element of square-wave signal output;
Sensitive member comprises an annular groove rolling disc (1), annular groove reaction plate (40), a Hall (3) and many pieces of permanent magnets (2), annular groove rolling disc (1) is relative with both concave surfaces of annular groove reaction plate (40), annular groove reaction plate (40) is entrenched among the annular groove of annular groove rolling disc (1), become two dishes chimeric interior empty shell in relative rotation, the concave surface of two dishes presss from both sides into a cavity ring (41); On the annular groove rolling disc (1) of cavity ring (41) position, be fixedly installed many pieces of permanent magnets (2), these many pieces of permanent magnets (2) equably rounded track distribute, and every piece of permanent magnets (2) is identical to the distance between identical, the adjacent permanent magnets of distance (2) at circle center, circular rail trace (5) place; The magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets (2) is contrary, and the magnetic polarity distribution mode of the upper whole permanent magnets (2) of annular groove rolling disc (1) is the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point Have at least the magnetic flow of two pieces of permanent magnets (2) not identical;
On the annular groove reaction plate (40) of cavity ring (41), be fixedly installed a Hall (3), Hall (3) is located at the position that approaches permanent magnets (2) and can experience each permanent magnets (2) magnetic flow, between Hall (3) and permanent magnets (2), has spacing; Hall (3) is opposite magnetic polarities to be produced to the Hall of square wave output signal;
［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater (21) is the digital signal of annular groove rolling disc (1) rotation to be become to the signal form conv of power-assisted model digital signal;
Power-assisted model treater (21) comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22), power-assisted starting point finder (23), magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24), power-assisted model memory device (25) and power-assisted model calculator (26);
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with sensitive member with crest recognizer (22), analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22) are identified the square-wave signal of Hall in sensitive member (3) input on the crest of each square wave, each square-wave signal is become to different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22) output mark have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;
Analogue to digital conversion is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24) with power-assisted starting point finder (23) respectively with crest recognizer (22), and power-assisted starting point finder (23) is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24), magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24) has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order to calculate the rotating speed of annular groove rolling disc (1) with the mark of analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22) input, and the rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc (1) is passed to power-assisted starting point finder (23), power-assisted starting point finder (23) has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order with mark, determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions with these two signals of rotating speed digital signal of annular groove rolling disc (1), determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch,
Power-assisted starting point finder (23) is all connected with power-assisted model calculator (26) respectively with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24), and power-assisted model memory device (25) is also connected with power-assisted model calculator (26); The power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted starting point finder (23) for power-assisted model calculator (26), select a certain power-assisted pattern function in power-assisted model memory device (25) with these two conditions of annular groove rolling disc (1) rotating speed with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24), and by power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of annular groove rolling disc (1) rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal that is applicable to these two conditions, i.e. power-assisted model calculator (26) output power-assisted model digital signal;
［ 3 ］ D and A converter (27) is power-assisted model digital signal to be converted to the analog signal of power-assisted model;
Power-assisted model calculator (26) is connected with D and A converter (27), and D and A converter (27) converts power-assisted model simulation signal to the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator (26);
［ 4 ］ op amp (28) is the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter (27) to be converted to the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension;
The annexation of sensor and Electrical Bicycle is: the annular groove rolling disc (1) of sensor and annular groove reaction plate (40) are enclosed within outside the axis (51) of Electrical Bicycle, and annular groove reaction plate (40) sleeve pipe (52) outer with axis (51) is fixedly connected with, the annular groove rolling disc (1) of sensor is fixedly connected with the axis (51) of Electrical Bicycle, and annular groove rolling disc (1) follows axis (51) synchronously to rotate; Annular groove rolling disc (1) with inside and outside annular groove reaction plate (40), be nested chimericly become to be rotationally connected; Both are identical center of turn for annular groove rolling disc (1) and axis (51), and the signal output lead of op amp in sensor (28) is connected with the signal input part of the electric machine controller (29) of Electrical Bicycle.
2. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise thermally dependent resistor R6, thermally dependent resistor R6 is connected between the input end and mouth of op amp (28).
3. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 2, is characterized in that: power-assisted model treater (21) is micro controller system (31), is connected with clock circuit (32) on micro controller system (31);
The mechanical part of sensor and sensing element structural relation: the mechanical part of sensor comprises the annular groove reaction plate (40) of annular groove rolling disc (1) and tabling, the sensing element of sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets (2), Hall (3), micro controller system (31), D and A converter (27) and op amp (28); In sensing element, connected Hall (3), micro controller system (31), D and A converter (27) and (28) four electronic components of op amp are located on a circuit card (59) successively; The fixing a plurality of permanent magnets (2) of annular groove rolling disc (1) inwall in cavity ring (41), annular groove reaction plate (40) inwall fixing circuit board (59) in cavity ring (41), Hall (3) on circuit card (59) is located at the magnetic flow that can experience permanent magnets (2), and Hall (3) can be according to the position of magnetic flux change exporting change electric signal.
4. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: Hall (3) is UGN3075, power-assisted model treater (21) is AT89S52 micro controller system (31), and D and A converter (27) is ADC-C8E; Op amp (28) is OF-17F, between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp (28) and mouth 6 pin, is connected with thermally dependent resistor R6; Each parts annexation is as follows:
Signal output part 3 pin of Hall (3) connect 12 pin INTO ［ P32 ］ of micro controller system (31);
12 pin B8 of 39 pin P00 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
11 pin B7 of 38 pin P01 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
10 pin B6 of 37 pin P02 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
9 pin B5 of 36 pin P03 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
8 pin B4 of 35 pin P04 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
7 pin B3 of 34 pin P05 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
6 pin B2 of 33 pin P06 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
5 pin B1 of 32 pin P07 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);
2 pin of 4 pin concatenation operation amplifiers (28) of D and A converter (27);
3 pin of 2 pin concatenation operation amplifiers (28) of D and A converter (27);
6 pin of op amp (28) are analog signal output.
5. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing described in any one according to claim 1-4, is characterized in that: between the outside face of annular groove reaction plate (40) inner ring and the inside face of annular groove rolling disc (1) inner ring, be provided with bearing (42).
6. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 5, is characterized in that: annular groove reaction plate (40) outside face of sensor is provided with circular depressed (58); Sleeve pipe (52) clamping that circular depressed (58) and electrical bicycle middle shaft (51) are outer, packaged tube (52) is fastened in the structure being fixedly connected with in circular depressed (58).
7. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 5, is characterized in that: Hall (3) is located between interior circular trajectory and outer ring trajectory.
8. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 7, is characterized in that: annular groove rolling disc (1) is provided with centre hole in the circle scope of the interior circular trajectory place of a plurality of permanent magnets (2).
9. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 8, is characterized in that: have at least the magnetic flow of one piece of permanent magnets (2) to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one piece of permanent magnets (2).
10. the morpet with many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer in housing according to claim 9, is characterized in that: annular groove rolling disc (1) is plastic flagstone, aluminum board, copper material plate a certain of non-magnet_conductible material.
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CN102826178B (en) * 2012-07-28 2014-02-05 成都宽和科技有限责任公司 Power-assisted bicycle provided with sensor provided with magnetic blocks with unevenly distributed magnetic fluxes in shell
CN102826180B (en) * 2012-07-28 2014-02-05 成都宽和科技有限责任公司 Power-assisted bicycle employing sensor with uniformly distributed magnetic blocks in shell
CN106809332B (en) * 2017-03-22 2022-09-16 武汉天腾动力科技有限公司 Bicycle spline middle shaft and bicycle

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Inventor after: Chang Xingjun

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Effective date of registration: 20171225

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Address before: 610000, Sichuan District, Longquanyi City, Chengdu District Street, Jackie Chan Road, paragraph two, No. 888, Chengdu open area A10 (building) 3, No. 301

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Patentee before: Chengdu Kind Technology Co., Ltd.

Co-patentee before: Gao Song

Co-patentee before: Ouyang Yanxiong