CN102826060B - Bionic energy absorption pipe of bamboo-like structure - Google Patents
Bionic energy absorption pipe of bamboo-like structure Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
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- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种仿竹结构的仿生吸能管，是由筒状外管、数个约束圈、数个约束壁和数个约束梁构成，数个约束圈等间距设置在筒状外管，约束壁呈筒状，数个约束壁套在筒状外管内，筒状外管与约束壁之间以及相邻约束壁之间设置有数个约束梁，每个约束梁各以二个支撑板与相邻的二个约束壁连接，约束梁呈圆管状；所述约束梁的分布密度是：ρ=n/2πR，其中，ρ表示约束梁的密度，n表示每层约束梁的个数，R表示约束梁中心所在的圆的半径；本发明提高了吸能管轴向吸收能量的能力，即提高了吸能管的比吸能，在横向上还提高了吸能管的承载能力。
The invention discloses a bionic energy-absorbing tube imitating bamboo structure, which is composed of a cylindrical outer tube, several restraint rings, several restraint walls and several restraint beams, and the several restraint rings are arranged on the cylindrical outer pipe at equal intervals. The restraint wall is cylindrical, and several restraint walls are set in the cylindrical outer tube. Several restraint beams are arranged between the tubular outer tube and the restraint wall and between adjacent restraint walls. Each restraint beam is connected with two support plates and Two adjacent restraint walls are connected, and the restraint beams are in the shape of a circular tube; the distribution density of the restraint beams is: ρ=n/2πR, where ρ represents the density of the restraint beams, n represents the number of restraint beams on each floor, and R represents the constraint The radius of the circle where the center of the beam is located; the invention improves the ability of the energy-absorbing tube to absorb energy in the axial direction, that is, improves the specific energy absorption of the energy-absorbing tube, and also improves the bearing capacity of the energy-absorbing tube in the transverse direction.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种吸能结构，特别涉及一种仿竹结构的仿生吸能管。The invention relates to an energy-absorbing structure, in particular to a bionic energy-absorbing pipe imitating a bamboo structure.
背景技术Background technique
各种车辆都需要防撞装置，现有的吸能保护装置的吸能效果不佳，比吸能比较小，比吸能是单位重量吸能结构的吸能的大小。All kinds of vehicles need anti-collision devices, and the existing energy-absorbing protective devices have poor energy-absorbing effect, and the specific energy-absorbing is relatively small, and the specific energy-absorbing is the energy-absorbing size of the energy-absorbing structure per unit weight.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决现有吸能结构比吸能比较小的问题，而提供一种比吸能大的仿竹结构的仿生吸能管。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bionic energy-absorbing tube with a bamboo imitation structure with a larger specific energy absorption in order to solve the problem that the existing energy-absorbing structure has a relatively small energy-absorbing ratio.
本发明根据竹子径向、轴向的宏观和微观结构，提取影响竹材能量吸收和承载的结构特征参数，宏观上得出竹节随着竹竿高度的分布规律，微观上得出纤维束沿竹青——竹肉——竹黄的梯度分布规律。根据竹子离散分布的竹节外观形态，设计仿生吸能管的宏观结构，根据竹材在径向纤维束的梯度分布和细胞壁多层结构特性，设计仿生吸能管内部的内部结构。以上结构除了提高轴向吸能外，在横向上还能够提高其承载能力。According to the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the bamboo in the radial and axial directions, the present invention extracts the structural characteristic parameters that affect the energy absorption and bearing capacity of the bamboo, and obtains the distribution law of the bamboo joints along with the height of the bamboo pole from the macroscopic perspective, and obtains the distribution law of the bamboo along the bamboo green from the microscopic perspective. ——Bamboo meat—the gradient distribution law of bamboo yellow. According to the appearance of discretely distributed bamboo nodes, the macroscopic structure of the bionic energy-absorbing tube is designed, and the internal structure of the bionic energy-absorbing tube is designed according to the gradient distribution of bamboo in the radial fiber bundle and the multilayer structure of the cell wall. In addition to improving axial energy absorption, the above structure can also improve its bearing capacity in the lateral direction.
本发明是由筒状外管、数个约束圈、数个约束壁和数个约束梁构成，数个约束圈等间距设置在筒状外管，约束壁呈筒状，数个约束壁套在筒状外管内，筒状外管与约束壁之间以及相邻约束壁之间设置有数个约束梁，每个约束梁各以二个支撑板与相邻的二个约束壁连接，约束梁呈圆管状。The invention is composed of a cylindrical outer tube, several restraint rings, several restraint walls and several restraint beams, the several restraint rings are equidistantly arranged on the cylindrical outer pipe, the restraint wall is cylindrical, and the several restraint walls are covered Inside the cylindrical outer tube, several restraining beams are arranged between the cylindrical outer tube and the restraining wall and between adjacent restraining walls. Each restraining beam is connected with two adjacent restraining walls by two support plates. The restraining beam is in the shape of a circular tube. .
所述约束梁的分布密度符合下述公式：The distribution density of the constrained beams conforms to the following formula:
ρ=n/2πRρ=n/2πR
其中，ρ表示约束梁的密度，n表示每层约束梁的个数，R表示约束梁中心所在的圆的半径。Among them, ρ represents the density of constrained beams, n represents the number of constrained beams in each layer, and R represents the radius of the circle where the center of constrained beams is located.
本发明的有益效果：提高了吸能管轴向吸收能量的能力，即提高了吸能管的比吸能，在横向上还提高了吸能管的承载能力。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the ability of the energy absorbing tube to absorb energy in the axial direction is improved, that is, the specific energy absorption of the energy absorbing tube is improved, and the bearing capacity of the energy absorbing tube is also improved in the transverse direction.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1本发明实施例的端面示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the end face of the embodiment of the present invention.
图2本发明实施例的侧视图。Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明实施例的轴向碰撞载荷与位移曲线图。Fig. 3 is a curve diagram of axial collision load and displacement of an embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明实施例的轴向碰撞比吸能随时间变化曲线图。Fig. 4 is a graph showing the variation of axial collision specific energy absorption with time according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本发明实施例的仿生吸能管径向承受载荷变化图。Fig. 5 is a graph showing the radial load variation of the bionic energy-absorbing tube according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图6为本发明实施例的仿生吸能管径向承载比吸能变化图。Fig. 6 is a graph showing changes in radial bearing ratio and energy absorption of the bionic energy-absorbing tube according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
请参阅图1和图2所示，本发明是由筒状外管1、数个约束圈2、数个约束壁3和数个约束梁4构成，数个约束圈2等间距设置在筒状外管1，约束壁3呈筒状，数个约束壁3套在筒状外管1内，筒状外管1与约束壁3之间以及相邻约束壁3之间设置有数个约束梁4，每个约束梁4各以二个支撑板41与相邻的二个约束壁3连接，约束梁4呈圆管状。Please refer to Fig. 1 and shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is made of cylindrical outer pipe 1, several confinement circles 2, several confinement walls 3 and several confinement beams 4, and several confinement circles 2 are equidistantly arranged on the tubular The outer tube 1 and the restraining wall 3 are cylindrical, and several restraining walls 3 are set in the cylindrical outer pipe 1, and several restraining beams 4 are arranged between the cylindrical outer pipe 1 and the restraining wall 3 and between adjacent restraining walls 3 , each constraining beam 4 is connected with two adjacent constraining walls 3 by two support plates 41, and the constraining beam 4 is in the shape of a circular tube.
所述约束梁的分布密度符合下述公式：The distribution density of the constrained beams conforms to the following formula:
ρ=n/2πRρ=n/2πR
其中，ρ表示约束梁的密度，n表示每层约束梁的个数，R表示约束梁中心所在的圆的半径。Among them, ρ represents the density of constrained beams, n represents the number of constrained beams in each layer, and R represents the radius of the circle where the center of constrained beams is located.
实施例：Example:
筒状外管1的长度为300mm，筒状外管1的直径为80mm，筒状外管1的壁厚为1.5mm。The length of the cylindrical outer tube 1 is 300 mm, the diameter of the cylindrical outer tube 1 is 80 mm, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical outer tube 1 is 1.5 mm.
约束圈2均匀分布在筒状外管1上，约束圈2的外径为86mm，约束圈2的内径为72mm，相邻约束圈2之间的距离为120mm，约束圈2的壁厚为3mm。Constraint circles 2 are evenly distributed on the cylindrical outer tube 1, the outer diameter of the confinement circle 2 is 86mm, the inner diameter of the confinement circle 2 is 72mm, the distance between adjacent confinement circles 2 is 120mm, and the wall thickness of the confinement circle 2 is 3mm .
所述约束梁的分布密度：ρ=n/2πRThe distribution density of the constrained beams: ρ=n/2πR
其中，ρ表示仿生纤维束约束梁的密度，n表示每层约束梁的个数，R表示约束梁中心所在的圆的半径。Among them, ρ represents the density of the bionic fiber bundle constrained beam, n represents the number of constrained beams in each layer, and R represents the radius of the circle where the center of the constrained beam is located.
约束梁4呈圆管状，圆管外径为3.5mm，内径 为2.5mm。Constraining beam 4 is circular tube shape, and circular tube external diameter is 3.5mm, and internal diameter is 2.5mm.
轴向约束梁4共分三层，每层约束梁4的密度在径向按梯度分布，由外层到内层密度逐渐减小，由外层到内层分别记作第一层、第二层与第三层。第一层中约束梁的个数是8个，半径为是35.75mm，约束梁的分布密度ρ=0.08；第二层中约束梁4的个数是12个，半径为是29.75mm，约束梁的分布密度ρ=0.064；第三层中约束梁4的个数是8个，半径为是23.75mm，约束梁的分布密度ρ=0.054。The axial restraint beam 4 is divided into three layers. The density of the restraint beam 4 in each layer is distributed according to the gradient in the radial direction, and the density gradually decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer. layer and the third layer. The number of constrained beams in the first layer is 8, the radius is 35.75mm, and the distribution density of the constrained beams is ρ=0.08; the number of constrained beams 4 in the second layer is 12, the radius is 29.75mm, and the constrained beams The distribution density of ρ=0.064; the number of constrained beams 4 in the third layer is 8, the radius is 23.75mm, and the distribution density of constrained beams ρ=0.054.
筒状外管1内部的三层约束梁4厚度与约束壁3的厚度相等，均是 0.5mm，每层约束梁4的中心的间距为为11mm。The thickness of the three layers of constraining beams 4 inside the tubular outer tube 1 is equal to the thickness of the constraining wall 3, which is 0.5 mm, and the distance between the centers of each layer of constraining beams 4 is 11 mm.
本发明的有限元仿真试验Finite element simulation test of the present invention
管壁的材料采用LD2铝合金，具有中等强度和较高的塑性，材料的密度为ρ=2.7×10-6kg/mm3，弹性模量为E=70GPa，泊松比为μ=0.31，屈服强度为SIGY=0.25Gpa，Hypermesh中采用MATL24材料模型。质量m=600kg初速度v=10m/s的质量块与圆管及固定的刚性墙碰撞，分析计算过程中圆管管壁采用自动单面接触算法（single surface），使管壁在压缩时自身产生的变形相互接触和摩擦，被压缩的管壁之间的静摩擦系数为0.3。The material of the pipe wall is LD2 aluminum alloy, which has medium strength and high plasticity. The density of the material is ρ=2.7×10 -6 kg/mm 3 , the modulus of elasticity is E=70GPa, and Poisson's ratio is μ=0.31. The yield strength is SIGY=0.25Gpa, and the MATL24 material model is used in Hypermesh. The mass block with mass m=600kg and initial velocity v=10m/s collides with the round pipe and the fixed rigid wall. During the analysis and calculation, the round pipe wall adopts an automatic single surface contact algorithm (single surface), so that the pipe wall itself The resulting deformations contact and rub against each other, and the static friction coefficient between the compressed tube walls is 0.3.
当圆管压缩在有效长度范围内时，普通圆管碰撞的平均载荷为19.3，带轴向约束梁4的仿生吸能管的平均载荷为122kN，带径向约束圈2和轴向约束梁4的仿生吸能管的平均载荷为112kN；普通圆管吸收的能量为4547kJ，带轴向约束梁4的仿生吸能管吸收的能量为22819kJ，带径向约束圈2和轴向约束梁4的仿生吸能管吸收的能量为21194kJ。在碰撞过程中，仿生吸能管可以有效提高吸收的总能量。When the circular tube is compressed within the effective length range, the average load of the ordinary circular tube collision is 19.3, the average load of the bionic energy-absorbing tube with axial restraint beam 4 is 122kN, and the average load of the bionic energy-absorbing tube with radial restraint ring 2 and axial restraint beam 4 The average load of the bionic energy-absorbing tube is 112kN; the energy absorbed by the ordinary circular tube is 4547kJ, the energy absorbed by the bionic energy-absorbing tube with axial restraint beam 4 is 22819kJ, and the bionic energy-absorbing tube with radial restraint ring 2 and axial restraint beam 4 The absorbed energy is 21194kJ. During a collision, the bionic energy-absorbing tube can effectively increase the total energy absorbed.
如图3所示，为本发明的轴向碰撞载荷与位移曲线图。As shown in FIG. 3 , it is a curve diagram of axial collision load and displacement of the present invention.
如图4所示，为本发明的轴向碰撞比吸能随时间变化曲线图。As shown in FIG. 4 , it is a graph showing the variation of axial collision specific energy absorption with time in the present invention.
如图5所示，为本发明的仿生吸能管径向承受载荷变化图。As shown in FIG. 5 , it is a diagram of the radial load variation of the bionic energy-absorbing tube of the present invention.
如图6所示，为本发明的仿生吸能管径向承载比吸能变化图。As shown in FIG. 6 , it is a diagram of the variation of radial load-bearing ratio and energy-absorption of the bionic energy-absorbing tube of the present invention.
不同吸能管轴向碰撞的吸能特性如表1所示：The energy absorption characteristics of different energy-absorbing tubes for axial collision are shown in Table 1:
表1 不同吸能管轴向碰撞的吸能特性Table 1 Energy absorption characteristics of different energy-absorbing tubes for axial collision
不同吸能管弯曲碰撞的吸能特性如表2所示：The energy absorption characteristics of different energy-absorbing tubes in bending collision are shown in Table 2:
表2 不同吸能管弯曲碰撞的吸能特性Table 2 Energy-absorbing characteristics of different energy-absorbing tubes in bending collision
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| CN106828600A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-13 | 汽-大众汽车有限公司 | A kind of bionical shock resistance lightweight structure |
| CN110793743A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-14 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院（相城） | Combined section impact energy-absorbing thin-walled pipe |
| CN111559333A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-21 | 上海理工大学 | Collision-resistant front bumper anti-collision cross beam |
| CN113445667B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2022-08-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of energy-absorbing protective sandwich panel imitating bamboo gradient variation structure |
| CN114056273B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-09-20 | 天津工业大学 | Hedgehog-like thorn type energy-absorbing box and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114396446B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-03-17 | 吉林大学 | A bionic energy-absorbing panel core structure and preparation method for sandwich sandwich panels |
| CN116495023B (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2024-03-08 | 西南交通大学 | Foam metal filled bamboo-like sandwich circular tube and preparation method thereof |
| CN118070625A (en) * | 2024-04-24 | 2024-05-24 | 西南交通大学 | Bamboo-like anti-creeping energy-absorbing device for high-speed train and crashworthiness design method of bamboo-like anti-creeping energy-absorbing device |
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| US6755453B2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-06-29 | Veridian Systems Division, Inc. | Deployable rigid system for crash energy management |
| JP4413650B2 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2010-02-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Bonding structure for automotive frame materials |
| CN202294642U (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Energy-absorption box |
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