CN102819955A - Road network operation evaluation method based on vehicle travel data - Google Patents
Road network operation evaluation method based on vehicle travel data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a road network operation evaluation method based on vehicle travel data. The method comprises the following steps of: (a) acquiring the interval average speed of each road section in a certain time interval; (b) dividing speed thresholds of various traffic operation levels of different levels of roads; (c) obtaining the traffic operation level of each road section in the time interval; (d) multiplying the average lane flow, lane number and road section length of each road section in the statistic interval to obtain the vehicle miles traveled on the road section, and adding the vehicle miles traveled of the road sections of different levels of roads to obtain the total vehicle miles traveled of different levels of roads; (e) respectively counting the road mileage of the different levels of roads under different traffic operation levels and the ratio accounting for the total mileage of the level road; and (f) performing weighted average on the ratio in the step (e), and obtaining a ratio of the road mileage under the traffic operation level to the total road network mileage in the whole road network. According to the method, real-time dynamic operation evaluation can be provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the assessment technique field of road net running status, specifically a kind of road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data.
Background technology
For the big city in domestic the developing rapidly, the society, development of economic drive basic UNICOM networks development such as traffic trip, information communication.Expanding economy has attracted increasing population to urban agglomerations, and city size and area constantly enlarge, and the demand and the quantity of traffic trip rapidly increase, and and then the road network structure is to " on a large scale ", " at many levels ", " multi-mode " development.Under the traffic environment of this complicacy, normal traffic trip must take place and have a strong impact in traffic jam issue.The complicated development of urban structure must cause the complicated of traffic congestion.The urban transportation running status is one and is change in time and space, dynamic aleatory variable that urban road network is an of paramount importance infrastructure in the city integrated railway and highway system, is the operation carrier of multiple transportation modes.The road net operation conditions not only objectively responds reciprocation relation between the various correlative factors of roadnet self-bearing capacity, operational efficiency and decision load-bearing capacity and efficient, and has reflected suitable degree that urban transportation equilibrium of supply and demand situation, urban transportation mode constitute and programmed decision-making and the operation and management level relevant with comprehensive traffic system overall operation to a certain extent objectively.Therefore, the dynamic evaluation to road network system real time execution situation is undoubtedly city integrated railway and highway system planning, construction and operational management indispensable important foundation foundation and precondition with diagnosis.
Urban road network is a complex gigantic system with high opening property, and human factor and the natural cause intervention that receives multiple nothing agreement and be difficult to foresee in service influences, and system's operation often is in unsteady state.Carrying out whole Real-time and Dynamic evaluation for the astable system of such complicacy is a current difficult problem that does not solve fully as yet both at home and abroad.
Both at home and abroad still in the road net postitallation evaluation method of widespread usage, all be based on these two basic datas of the road section traffic capacity (C) and actual load flow (V) so far.The basic theories main points of institute's foundation are: for given road and node, its traffic capacity is a constant constant, and what determine their operation conditionss (level) is the ratio (being degree of loading V/C) of the load (flow) and the traffic capacity.Here be referred to as " degree of loading evaluation ".
For a long time, people both had been used for degree of loading evaluation theory method the static evaluation of road or the load-bearing capacity in crossing planning and design stage and service level, also were used for road or crossing real time execution performance analysis to it.Moreover, people are used for single highway section or node to this original and do the theoretical method of static load evaluation and copy the evaluation of road network system Real-time and Dynamic mechanically.
The main limitation of existing degree of loading evaluation theory method be following some:
1) in the static analysis model with the foundation of degree of loading evaluation theory method, the growth of flow is not receive traffic capacity constraint, the assessment result of V/C >=1 therefore usually can occur.In fact, because road network deferred conduction effect in service, the flow of any one section (V) all receives the constraint of the traffic capacity, and can change with the variation of the traffic capacity (C), can not occur the situation of V/C >=1 all the time.
When 2) degree of loading evaluation theory method was used for the road network overall evaluation, the road of not considering difference in functionality and industrial grade was not considered the dynamically associating property of cross conditioning between them to the difference that road network overall operation level is played a role yet.Therefore, can only be given under the trip O-D demand condition of a setting, the degree of loading (V/C) of every road (highway section) assessment numerical value can't provide road network overall operation proficiency assessment index.
3) the degree of loading evaluation method can't reflect the operating random fluctuation situation of road network.Under different fluidised form situations, degree of loading (V/C) is discrepant with the corresponding relation of road actual operating efficiency (unimpeded degree).Compare with flow or degree of loading, travel speed is more responsive to the The coast is clear degree, also can reflect the road operation more truly dynamically.Under free flow and astable (disorder) stream two states, wagon flow travelling speed dispersion degree is all very high.In other words, under these two kinds of situations, corresponding to same degree of loading (V/C) value, actual motion random fluctuation property amplitude is very big, and the degree of loading evaluation can't truly reflect this situation.
4) degree of loading is estimated road section flow (V) data of institute's foundation, and how close the section of no matter choosing is at interval, spatially remains discontinuous.In the real work of data acquisition, restricted by objective condition such as equipment investment, the real-time collection of data on flows is difficult to satisfy the real-time overall dynamics of road network especially for the coverage rate of whole road network and estimates needs.The road network operation characteristic of addressing in view of the front, road network overall operation dynamic evaluation require undoubtedly basic data can be on the time and space all continuously, non-blind area.Moreover, as road network running status Real-Time Evaluation, existing macroscopical static analysis model is that the degree of loading evaluation of basic basis also is inapplicable with trip OD historical data.
In sum, degree of loading evaluation theory method can not truly reflect the Real-time and Dynamic characteristic of road network operation, though still can be used for the static evaluation of single road or node service level, is not suitable for the evaluation of road network overall dynamics.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above that exist in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data.The inventive method can provide Real-time and Dynamic postitallation evaluation.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. through average track flow, number of track-lines and the road section length of each highway section in statistical interval, the three is multiplied each other and is obtained highway section truck kilometer number, and different brackets road section truck kilometer is counted total truck kilometer number that addition obtains the different brackets road;
E. add up respectively the different brackets road under different traffic circulation grades mileages of transport route and account for the ratio of this grade road total kilometrage;
F. the ratio that the mileages of transport route of the different brackets road under the same traffic circulation grade is accounted for grade road total kilometrage is separately carried out weighted mean with the truck kilometer number of grade road separately, and the mileages of transport route that obtains the road under this traffic circulation grade in the whole road network accounts for the ratio of road network total kilometrage.
Further, aforesaid road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data is calculated the traffic circulation index through following formula 1,
In the formula; K1 is the traffic circulation index; A accounts for the value of molecule of the number percent of road network total kilometrage for the mileages of transport route of the road that congestion level is the highest in the traffic circulation grade that obtains through step f, K1 by five of corresponding road networks of low 5 paramount spans by low paramount traffic circulation grade.
Further; Aforesaid road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data; With a plurality of continuous statistical intervals is a statistical time range; Traffic circulation index in the counting statistics period in each statistical interval, thus statistics obtains the cumulative time of different traffic circulation grades in this statistical time range.
The technical scheme of another embodiment of the present invention is following:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. select the highway section that the traffic circulation grade belongs to congestion level; Statistics obtain blocking up the day quantity and the ratio in highway section, the highway section that blocks up in week, block up by the moon highway section and the highway section that blocks up in year; Wherein block up day the highway section be early, evening peak is in the period, the duration of blocking up surpasses the highway section of peak period 50% sooner or later respectively; The highway section that blocks up in week is that statistics is at least 4 highway section for the frequency in the highway section that blocks up day in this inside of a week; The highway section that blocks up by the moon is that this month work in a few days reaches 60% the highway section that the worker makes the day fate this month as the highway section number of times that blocks up day; The highway section that blocks up in year is 50% the highway section that surpasses fate on working day this year in working day this year as the highway section number of times that blocks up day.
The technical scheme of another embodiment of the present invention is following:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. obtain this approaches of average link travel time through the highway section distance with the section mean speed in this highway section;
C. calculate under the 95% probability condition through one or more highway sections and spend more the ratio of the time and the unimpeded state down stroke time of expense than the average stroke time, said ratio is the journey time reliability index; Journey time reliability index during wherein through a plurality of highway section is counted weighted average calculation by the journey time reliability index in single highway section with truck kilometer and is obtained.
The technical scheme of another embodiment of the present invention is following:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D obtains this approaches of average link travel time through the highway section distance with the section mean speed in this highway section;
E. calculate the traffic circulation index in a highway section or a plurality of continuous highway sections; The traffic circulation index in one of them highway section carries out linear interpolation according to threshold speed and obtains, and the traffic circulation index in a plurality of continuous highway sections is on average obtained with the average stroke time weight by the traffic circulation index in single highway section.
The technical scheme of another embodiment of the present invention is following:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. calculate the average stroke speed in each highway section, said average stroke speed is the time that vehicle ' unit's mileage is consumed, and unit is hour/kilometer, gets inverse by average velocity and obtains.
The technical scheme of another embodiment of the present invention is following:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. add up respectively the different brackets road under different traffic circulation grades mileages of transport route and account for the ratio of this grade road total kilometrage;
E. the mileage and the required time that increase or reduce according to the traffic circulation grade of congestion level in a plurality of continuous statistical intervals obtain the mileage additional kilometers that block up in the unit interval, and unit is kilometer/hour; With the milimeter number that the mileage that blocks up in the unit interval reduces, unit is kilometer/hour.
Further; Aforesaid road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data; The mileage time interval constant or that begin to descend that begins to rise to the road of congestion level with the mileage of the road of congestion level is the formation time of blocking up; The mileage time interval constant or that begin to rise that begins to drop to the road of congestion level with the mileage of the road of congestion level is the resolution time of blocking up, and the formation time and the resolution time ratio that blocks up obtain blocking up.
Further, aforesaid road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data, the threshold speed of dividing the corresponding different traffic circulation grades of different brackets road interval average velocity obtains through one or more modes that combine in the following method:
1) gets the section mean speed sample in all highway sections that at least one all road networks comprise; Drawing respectively according to different categories of roads is in the interval sample of friction speed and frequency occurs, and the summation curve that draws, and seeks 85%; 50%; 30%, 15% fractile, corresponding velocity amplitude is for dividing unimpeded and unimpeded basically, unimpeded basically and slightly blocking up, slightly block up and moderate is blocked up, moderate is blocked up and the threshold value of five traffic circulation grades of seriously blocking up;
2) utilize the level of service division standard of U.S.'s traffic capacity handbook (HCM) to verify; A, B, C, D, E, six kinds of service levels of F have been defined among the HCM; With A level service level is freestream conditions; Corresponding to free stream velocity; Then B to F level service level is respectively the road travelling speed and arrives 70%, 50%, 40%, 25% of free stream velocity; Among corresponding the present invention defined unimpeded, unimpeded basically, slightly block up, moderate is blocked up and seriously block up, the free stream velocity corresponding according to " Code for planning design of transport on urban road (GB 50220-95) " regulation through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and the branch road of China is respectively 80 kilometers/hour, 60 kilometers/hour and 40 kilometers/hour, calculates the threshold value of the corresponding different traffic circulation grades of speed;
3) perception data that blocks up that the per minute of gathering based on the investigation with car writes down; Carry out probability analysis to the different brackets of through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and the branch road corresponding speed interval of perception that blocks up respectively, the corresponding velocity amplitude of point that the two adjacent perceptual speed probability distribution curves that block up are intersected is confirmed as the threshold speed of adjacent operation grade.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data of the present invention can be applicable to preferably have random fluctuation property, the whole and local road network of deferred conduction effect and periodic law property characteristic, the dynamic operation evaluation of traffic corridor; For traffic strategic planning, the analysis of Real-time and Dynamic road network power condition, the diagnosis of traffic system short slab, the optimization of road network functional level distribution structure, defective and genetic analysis etc. provide the brand-new technology means; Can instruct real work; Realize traffic scienceization and fine-grained management, the inventive method can be expressed the operation conditions of road net intuitively and accurately.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the traffic circulation index curve diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the figure of the different jam level mileage ratios in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the journey time reliability index in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the curve map of the road traffic operation index in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the curve map of the road stroke speed in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 forms the figure with dissipation speed for the through street in the embodiment of the invention blocks up;
Fig. 8 is 2010 the workaday day traffic circulation index variation figure in Beijing;
Fig. 9 is the figure that predicts the outcome of traffic circulation index.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but not as to qualification of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data of the present invention.The demonstration of Fig. 1 system use the inventive method to obtain a plurality of evaluation indexes to evaluate the operation conditions of road network.Describe the computational methods of different evaluation indexes in detail below by various embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. through average track flow, number of track-lines and the road section length of each highway section in statistical interval, the three is multiplied each other and is obtained highway section truck kilometer number, and different brackets road section truck kilometer is counted total truck kilometer number that addition obtains the different brackets road;
E. add up respectively the different brackets road under different traffic circulation grades mileages of transport route and account for the ratio of this grade road total kilometrage;
F. the ratio that the mileages of transport route of the different brackets road under the same traffic circulation grade is accounted for grade road total kilometrage is separately carried out weighted mean with the truck kilometer number of grade road separately, and the mileages of transport route that obtains the road under this traffic circulation grade in the whole road network accounts for the ratio of road network total kilometrage.
Preferred as present embodiment further, calculated the traffic circulation index through following formula 1,
In the formula; K1 is the traffic circulation index; A accounts for the value of molecule of the number percent of road network total kilometrage for the mileages of transport route of the road that congestion level is the highest in the traffic circulation grade that obtains through step f, K1 by five of corresponding road networks of low 5 paramount spans by low paramount traffic circulation grade.
Preferred as present embodiment is a statistical time range with a plurality of continuous statistical intervals, the traffic circulation index in the counting statistics period in each statistical interval, thus statistics obtains the cumulative time of different traffic circulation grades in this statistical time range.
Embodiment 2:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. select the highway section that the traffic circulation grade belongs to congestion level; Statistics obtain blocking up the day quantity and the ratio in highway section, the highway section that blocks up in week, block up by the moon highway section and the highway section that blocks up in year; Wherein block up day the highway section be early, evening peak is in the period, the duration of blocking up surpasses the highway section of peak period 50% sooner or later respectively; The highway section that blocks up in week is that statistics is at least 4 highway section for the frequency in the highway section that blocks up day in this inside of a week; The highway section that blocks up by the moon is that this month work in a few days reaches 60% the highway section that the worker makes the day fate this month as the highway section number of times that blocks up day; The highway section that blocks up in year is 50% the highway section that surpasses fate on working day this year in working day this year as the highway section number of times that blocks up day.
Embodiment 3:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. obtain this approaches of average link travel time through the highway section distance with the section mean speed in this highway section;
C. calculate under the 95% probability condition through one or more highway sections and spend more the ratio of the time and the unimpeded state down stroke time of expense than the average stroke time, said ratio is the journey time reliability index; Journey time reliability index during wherein through a plurality of highway section is counted weighted average calculation by the journey time reliability index in single highway section with truck kilometer and is obtained.
Embodiment 4:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D obtains this approaches of average link travel time through the highway section distance with the section mean speed in this highway section;
E. calculate the traffic circulation index in a highway section or a plurality of continuous highway sections; The traffic circulation index in one of them highway section carries out linear interpolation according to threshold speed and obtains, and the traffic circulation index in a plurality of continuous highway sections is on average obtained with the average stroke time weight by the traffic circulation index in single highway section.
Embodiment 5:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. calculate the average stroke speed in each highway section, said average stroke speed is the time that vehicle ' unit's mileage is consumed, and unit is hour/kilometer, gets inverse by average velocity and obtains.
Embodiment 6:
Road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data comprises the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. add up respectively the different brackets road under different traffic circulation grades mileages of transport route and account for the ratio of this grade road total kilometrage;
E. the mileage and the required time that increase or reduce according to the traffic circulation grade of congestion level in a plurality of continuous statistical intervals obtain the mileage additional kilometers that block up in the unit interval, and unit is kilometer/hour; With the milimeter number that the mileage that blocks up in the unit interval reduces, unit is kilometer/hour.
Preferred as present embodiment; Further; The mileage time interval constant or that begin to descend that begins to rise to the road of congestion level with the mileage of the road of congestion level is the formation time of blocking up; The mileage time interval constant or that begin to rise that begins to drop to the road of congestion level with the mileage of the road of congestion level is the resolution time of blocking up, and the formation time and the resolution time ratio that blocks up obtain blocking up.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the threshold speed of dividing the corresponding different traffic circulation grades of different brackets road interval average velocity obtains through one or more modes that combine in the following method:
1) gets the section mean speed sample in all highway sections that at least one all road networks comprise; Drawing respectively according to different categories of roads is in the interval sample of friction speed and frequency occurs, and the summation curve that draws, and seeks 85%; 50%; 30%, 15% fractile, corresponding velocity amplitude is for dividing unimpeded and unimpeded basically, unimpeded basically and slightly blocking up, slightly block up and moderate is blocked up, moderate is blocked up and the threshold value of five traffic circulation grades of seriously blocking up;
2) utilize the level of service division standard of U.S.'s traffic capacity handbook (HCM) to verify; A, B, C, D, E, six kinds of service levels of F have been defined among the HCM; With A level service level is freestream conditions; Corresponding to free stream velocity; Then B to F level service level is respectively the road travelling speed and arrives 70%, 50%, 40%, 25% of free stream velocity; Among corresponding the present invention defined unimpeded, unimpeded basically, slightly block up, moderate is blocked up and seriously block up, the free stream velocity corresponding according to " Code for planning design of transport on urban road (GB 50220-95) " regulation through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and the branch road of China is respectively 80 kilometers/hour, 60 kilometers/hour and 40 kilometers/hour, calculates the threshold value of the corresponding different traffic circulation grades of speed;
3) perception data that blocks up that the per minute of gathering based on the investigation with car writes down; Carry out probability analysis to the different brackets of through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and the branch road corresponding speed interval of perception that blocks up respectively, the corresponding velocity amplitude of point that the two adjacent perceptual speed probability distribution curves that block up are intersected is confirmed as the threshold speed of adjacent operation grade.
Highway section among the present invention is meant, defines road interval by adjacent two end points in the road net, and wherein end points is outlet or the inlet between the main and side road between intersection, the main and side road.Above-mentioned highway section has directivity, and its direction is consistent with the vehicle heading on it.It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that outlet or inlet between the main and side road are comparatively speaking, because the outlet of a main road is corresponding to the inlet of bypass.At least the road segments that comprises a crossing or a gateway.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the statistical interval of employing was a time period with 15 minutes.Certainly, also can adopt other, generally be no more than 15 minutes and be advisable like 5 minutes, 10 minutes or other time period.Section mean speed in the statistical interval in certain highway section can obtain through the floating car data that passes through on this highway section, and perhaps the equipment through the vehicle journeys measured time on this highway section or speed obtains.Record vehicle journeys after the time, can get speed through the road section length information in the road section information table.These equipment can be the magnetic induction density vehicle detection apparatus, based on the vehicle equipment of bluetooth equipment or the Fare Collection System on the expressway or the like.For the ease of data accurately and reason such as analysiss, the section mean speed in the highway section that obtains through various device is many to serve as that preserve at the interval with per 5 minutes.For this reason; Under the condition that does not change existing systems; The present invention can calculate the section mean speed in 15 minutes highway sections at interval through following method: based on floating car data (or other data sources) calculate 5 minutes at interval highway section section mean speed and 5 minutes at interval in the gross vehicle distance travelled, and can calculate 5 minutes overall travel times at interval.15 minutes interior at interval distance travelleds are added and gather with the running time that calculates, still can obtain the section mean speed in 15 minutes highway sections at interval through following formula:
" Code for planning design of transport on urban road (GB 50220-95) " category of roads according to China is divided into following Three Estate: inferior doing and branch road 1) through street, 2) trunk roads, 3).That the traffic circulation grade is divided into is unimpeded, unimpeded basically, slightly block up, moderate is blocked up and seriously block up five ranks.Its mild or moderate blocks up, moderate is blocked up and these three ranks of seriously blocking up are congestion level.
Combine through above-mentioned three kinds of methods in the above embodiment of the present invention, obtain dividing the threshold speed (km/hour) of the corresponding different traffic circulation grades of different brackets road, see the following form 1.
Table 1
In the table corresponding speed unit be km/hour.
The section mean speed in each highway section obtains through following formula in the interior road net of statistical interval:
In the formula:
is the highway section section mean speed;
S is the total length in all sample vehicle ' in this highway section;
t
iBe the journey time of sample i (can be vehicle i, also can be the data sampling interval i littler than statistical interval, as 5 minutes at interval) in this highway section,
S
iBe the distance that sample i goes in this highway section, V
iThe speed of going in this highway section for sample i;
The vehicle number of n for going in this highway section in this statistical interval;
The car number of i for going in this highway section, from 1 to n.
T in the following formula
iCan record through corresponding supervising device, GPS device or other available devices with n.Like the magnetic induction density sensing system or based on vehicle detecting system of blue-tooth device etc.Perhaps obtain related data through Floating Car.
Draw 10 evaluation indexes in the above embodiment of the present invention, its symbol is respectively K1～K10.These 10 evaluation indexes can be independent, or combine and evaluate the operation conditions of road network.The explanation of these 10 evaluation indexes is following:
K1: traffic circulation index
The traffic circulation index is to quantize road network (or specific region) at the block up relative number of degree of the integral body of particular moment (like 7:00-7:15), and reflection is that the intensity of comprehensively blocking up of road network operation influences with space-time in essence.According to the level of blocking up and the people impression of going on a journey, the corresponding relation of traffic circulation index and traffic circulation grade is following: unimpeded [0～2), unimpeded basically [2～4), slightly block up [4～6), moderate block up [6～8) and seriously block up [8～10]
Table 2.
K2: different traffic circulation grade mileage ratios
Refer to that each grade road and road network are in the mileage ratio of different traffic circulation grades, this index can show traffic congestion coverage and evolution trend spatially.
K3: road net blocks up the duration
Based on the traffic congestion index that calculated in per 15 minutes, statistics was in the duration of different congestion level in one day in 24 hours, was seriously blocked up respectively, moderate is blocked up, the duration in one day of slightly blocking up.This index can be from the evolution trend of the angle representations traffic congestion of time.
K4: block up highway section quantity and ratio
According to aforementioned operation grade criterion, its quantity and the ratio that accounts for total road network mileage are added up in identification block up day peak period highway section, Zhou Changfa block up highway section, month normal highway section that blocks up, the Nian Changfa highway section etc. that blocks up of sending out.
K5: journey time reliability index
The journey time reliability index mainly is to describe the index of road network operation stability.Be the ratio of spending more the time and the unimpeded state down stroke time of expense under the 95% probability condition through one or more highway sections than the average stroke time.
K6: traffic corridor operation index
The traffic corridor integrated operation index that statistics is made up of a plurality of highway sections, the traffic circulation index in each highway section is through VHT weighted calculation traffic corridor operation index.
K7: traffic corridor average stroke speed
Average stroke speed is meant the time that vehicle ' unit's mileage (being generally 1 km) is consumed, reflection traffic corridor operational efficiency.
K8: the formation time of blocking up
From the block up gathering situation in highway section of the angle in space reflection, be the growth rate of the road section length of blocking up, unit kilometer/hour.
K9: the resolution time of blocking up
From the block up dissipation situation in highway section of the angle in space reflection, be the minimizing speed of the road section length of blocking up, unit kilometer/hour.
K10: blocking up forms the resolution time ratio
The mileage that blocks up increases the time that continues and the ratio of the time that the mileage dissipation of blocking up continues, reflects block up aggregation characteristic and dissipation efficiency.
Different traffic circulation grade mileage ratio K2 are the mileages of transport route ratio that different traffic circulation grade roads are in different traffic circulation grades; To be the different traffic circulation grade of different brackets road mileage ratio carry out weighted mean with the truck kilometer (VKT) of category of roads to the different traffic circulation grade of road net mileage ratio, and specifically computation process is following:
At first, press the different brackets road, add up the ratio that the mileage that is in the highway section of each traffic circulation grade in this grade road accounts for this grade road total kilometrage respectively;
In the formula:
MR
IjFor being in the ratio that highway section mileage under the j traffic circulation grade accounts for i grade road total kilometrage;
m
IjFor being in the highway section mileage of j traffic circulation grade in the i grade road;
m
iBe i grade mileages of transport route summation;
i=1，2，3，4。
In the formula:
MR
jBe road net j congestion level mileage ratio;
MR
IjFor being in the ratio that highway section mileage under the j traffic traffic circulation grade accounts for i grade road total kilometrage;
VKT
iThe truck kilometer that is i grade road is counted weight, the total length * average discharge of through street;
N is the quantity of category of roads, according to the urban road criteria for classifying, n=4;
J is the traffic circulation grade.
The road net duration K3 that blocks up is different traffic circulation grades; The different traffic circulation grade of road net mileage ratio is the cumulative time of the different traffic circulation grade of different brackets road mileage ratio; It judges traffic circulation grade of living in based on one day time dependent traffic circulation index K1; Adding up respectively by the traffic circulation grade separation obtains, five traffic circulation grade duration sums and be 24 hours.
Normal block up highway section quantity and the ratio K4 of sending out, the highway section screening of blocking up according to Rules Filtering block up in real time highway section, the highway section that blocks up day, the highway section that blocks up in week, the highway section that blocks up by the moon, the highway section that blocks up in year, is added up its quantity, i.e. K4.
Journey time reliability index K5 is a ratio of spending more the time and the unimpeded state down stroke time of expense under the 95% probability condition through one or more highway sections than the average stroke time.
Traffic corridor operation index K6 calculates, and according to table 1 threshold speed, calculates the operation index in every highway section, is utilizing journey time (VHT) as weight coefficient again, and aggregative weighted calculates the overall operation index of traffic corridor.
Traffic corridor stroke speed index K7 is meant vehicle averaging time that the unit's of going mileage is consumed on traffic corridor, and it is based on road-section average speed and obtains, and it obtains through following formula:
Earlier obtain highway section stroke speed through road-section average speed, highway section stroke speed is meant the time that vehicle ' unit's mileage (being generally 1Km) is consumed, and unit hour/kilometer, its formula do,
And then calculating traffic corridor stroke speed,
In the formula: n is for forming the highway section sum of traffic corridor.
Block up to form and be meant to block up than K10 with resolution time and form and the institute's ratio of lasting time respectively that dissipates; The formation time of the blocking up mileage that promptly blocks up begins to rise to the time interval that mileage is constant or begin to descend of blocking up, and the resolution time of the blocking up mileage that promptly blocks up begins to drop to the time interval that mileage is constant or begin to rise of blocking up.
With Beijing evening peak on July 13rd, 2009 is example, with evaluation method of the present invention road net is moved and estimates.Owing to rain heavily, traffic is caused have a strong impact on.
Calculating base data table is per 5 minutes road-section average speed and road section information tables at interval, and interval road-section average speed partial data was seen table 3 (is example with highway section numbering 17961) in per 5 minutes, and road section information matrix section data are seen table 4.Related through table 3 with table 4 highway section numbering, can obtain highway section road corresponding grade and road section length.
Table 3
Table 4
| The highway section numbering | Category of roads | Length (km) |
| 17961 | 1 | 0.145968 |
| 17969 | 1 | 0.704059 |
| 17970 | 1 | 0.634693 |
| 17971 | 1 | 0.444815 |
| 17972 | 1 | 0.628229 |
| 17973 | 1 | 0.035519 |
| 17977 | 1 | 0.133309 |
| 17978 | 1 | 0.276816 |
| 17979 | 1 | 0.22221 |
| 17980 | 1 | 0.33244 |
Based on table 3 and table 4, in the table 3 in operating range ratio and the table 4 road section length multiply each other and obtain 5 minutes operating ranges at interval of i, 3 operating range additions in adjacent 5 minutes obtain 15 minutes operating ranges at interval.I 5 minutes operating range obtains i 5 minutes journey time divided by average velocity in the table 3.The addition of per 5 minutes interval samples amounts obtains per 15 minutes interval samples amounts in the table 3.Utilize formula 2, calculate per 15 minutes road-section average speed at interval, partial data is seen table 5 (is example with highway section numbering 17961).
Table 5
Based on table 4 and table 5 data and table 1 threshold speed, divide different category of roads statistics to be in the mileages of transport route ratio of seriously blocking up, with the VKT weighting of different categories of roads; Calculate the road network mileage ratio of seriously blocking up; Based on formula 1, calculate road grid traffic operation index again, as shown in table 6.
Table 6
K1: road grid traffic operation index.Fig. 2 is road grid traffic operation index curve diagram.The aterrimus lines are the K1 value change curve on July 13rd, 2009 among the figure, and light grey line is a first trimester K1 mean variation curve.Can find out that under the normal condition, the evening peak road net begins to block up from 17:00, because precipitation affects, 16:00 begins to block up, and mxm. approaches index maximal value 10.
Morning peak on July 13 (7:00-9:00) traffic congestion index is 5.76, slightly rises than first three monthly average value; Evening peak (17:00-19:00) traffic congestion index is 9.09, has significantly than first three monthly average value and rises; Peak period day, the traffic congestion index was 7.43.
K2: different jam level mileage ratios.Obtain based on table 1, table 4, table 5 and VKT weight.Fig. 3 is the figure of different jam level mileage ratio K2 in this specific embodiment.Be respectively seriously from bottom to top among the figure block up, moderate is blocked up, slightly block up, unimpeded basically, unimpeded.July 13, the morning peak road network seriously blocked up and the moderate mileage ratio of blocking up is 20%, and is comparatively normal.The evening peak road network seriously blocks up and moderate is blocked up, and the mileage ratio is 36%; Promptly surpass 1/3rd road and moderate and above blocking up occur; Particularly through street and trunk roads seriously block up and moderate is blocked up the mileage ratio about 40%, and secondary distributor road and branch road are better relatively.This index can be used for annual appraisal result traffic congestion regulation effect situation of change spatially.
K3: road net blocks up the duration.Can be got by Fig. 2, this sky seriously blocked up and continued 2 hours 45 minutes July 13, concentrated on the evening peak period, and moderate is blocked up and continued 2 hours, slightly blocks up to have continued 2 hours 30 minutes.Can calculate the influence of blocking up in time from the duration of blocking up, further can be used as the basic reference data of calculating the loss of blocking up.
K4: block up highway section quantity and ratio.Obtain by table 1, table 4 and table 5.July 13, the morning peak highway section quantity of blocking up was 1106, and length ratio is 4.3%, and the evening peak highway section quantity of blocking up is 2864, and length ratio is 11.7%.The highway section of different traffic circulation grades is identified in the GIS road network with different colours.Can clearly be seen that the main highway section that blocks up distributes.
K5: journey time reliability index.The undulatory property of journey time reliability index reflection road network operation needs relatively long (many days) data in a period, with in February, 2012 piece of data be basis, it is as shown in Figure 4 to calculate in Beijing's two rings belt journey time reliability index.The undulatory property of visible curve is very big, particularly in peak period, reflects the unreliability of road network operation.Numerical value is 2 expressions: if guaranteed late 1 day at most in February, need also than the average stroke time more so and reserve 2 times and set out in advance to the free flow journey time.For example, the free flow situation arrived in following 10 minutes, and average case is arrival in 15 minutes, will reserve 35 fens clock times so and arrive, and will shift to an earlier date 20 minutes than 15 minutes under the average case and set out.
K6: road traffic operation index.Fig. 5 is for the West 3rd Ring Road inner and outer rings being the curve map of the road traffic operation index of example; At first according to threshold speed; Calculate each highway section operation index with linear interpolation; The VHT (link flow and Link Travel Time product) that uses each highway section again is as weight, and the road traffic of ring direction and outer shroud direction operation index is as shown in Figure 5 in the weighted calculation West 3rd Ring Road.It is thus clear that in the West 3rd Ring Road ring direction gone down town by morning peak directional flow is big influences, it is serious to block up.The evening peak rainfall has mainly influenced West 3rd Ring Road outer shroud direction.
K7: road stroke speed.As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6 is the curve map of road stroke speed.Stroke speed embodies and the identical characteristic of road operation index, and this index is insensitive to the blocking up reflection under the normal condition, and is more responsive to blocking up under the emergency case.
As shown in Figure 7, Fig. 7 forms the figure with dissipation speed for the through street blocks up.Wherein
K8: traffic congestion forms speed.The through street blocks up and forms average velocity is 74.4 kilometers/hour.
K9: traffic congestion dissipation speed.The through street dissipation average velocity that blocks up is 55.2 kilometers/hour.
K10: blocking up forms and the resolution time ratio.The formation of blocking up is 2.25/3 with the resolution time ratio.
Utilize technical method of the present invention, can carry out objective, accurate evaluation to the block up characteristic of influence of rainfall, for the anticipation of special weather traffic congestion and emergency command provide visual analysis tool and accurate data support.
Fig. 8 is 2010 the workaday day traffic circulation index variation figure in Beijing.Beijing implemented since in October, 2008 peak period, motor vehicle was by the measure of tail number stagnation of movement, and tail number is combined as 5,0 and letter, 1 and 6,2 and 7,3 and 8,4 and 9 (containing Provisional Number Plate); The motor vehicle quantity of 4 and 9 combinations is obviously few, and is therefore visible from Fig. 8, and the traffic circulation index of 4 and 9 combination lay-offs is the highest weekly, verified the correctness and the susceptibility of index.
Traffic congestion prediction early warning work such as before using evaluation method of the present invention to carry out the Mid-autumn Festival in 2011, before Christmas Day, before the Spring Festival.Accompanying drawing 9 is to traffic circulation index early warning prediction effect before the Mid-autumn Festival, National Day.
Because the new term begins, take off red-letter day new academic year, the celebration on National Day is prepared, concentrate before the joint visit friends and relatives, factor affecting such as vehicle increases are gone to the capital in the other places, September, traffic congestion was that the whole year is the most serious.From historical data analysis; The traffic congestion situation reaches the peak about the Mid-autumn Festival, the last week on National Day, and evening peak traffic congestion phenomenon is more outstanding, particularly the September 17 before the Mid-autumn Festival in 2010; The whole city occurred and blocked up for a long time on a large scale, let people remember clearly so far.Anticipation goes out Beijing's working day in September, 2011 average traffic index and will reach 6.0-6.5 thus; Be higher than other months; Owing to the situation of blocking up has been had anticipation, has advised in advance that in August, 2011 municaipal Party committee and government carry out " unimpeded Beijing Green Travel " activity September in whole city's scope; Proposed several dates that serious traffic congestion very easily takes place simultaneously, the emphasis date is carried out provisional slow stifled measure through multidisciplinary emergency cooperative, has avoided the generation of long-time traffic congestion situation on a large scale.Through conducting vigorous propaganda and effectively guiding, in September, 2011, Beijing's traffic circulation was steadily orderly, and average traffic index is 5.8, is lower than predicted value.
This invention, is also implemented similar measure to other cities and is had reference also for follow-up alleviation traffic congestion Study on Measures and enforcement provide technical basis in the application of Beijing.
Above embodiment is merely exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is not used in restriction the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or be equal to replacement the present invention in essence of the present invention and protection domain, this modification or be equal to replacement and also should be regarded as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. based on the road net postitallation evaluation method of vehicle travel data, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. through average track flow, number of track-lines and the road section length of each highway section in statistical interval, the three is multiplied each other and is obtained highway section truck kilometer number, and different brackets road section truck kilometer is counted total truck kilometer number that addition obtains the different brackets road;
E. add up respectively the different brackets road under different traffic circulation grades mileages of transport route and account for the ratio of this grade road total kilometrage;
F. the ratio that the mileages of transport route of the different brackets road under the same traffic circulation grade is accounted for grade road total kilometrage is separately carried out weighted mean with the truck kilometer number of grade road separately, and the mileages of transport route that obtains the road under this traffic circulation grade in the whole road network accounts for the ratio of road network total kilometrage.
2. the road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data according to claim 1 is characterized in that, calculates the traffic circulation index through following formula 1,
In the formula; K1 is the traffic circulation index; A accounts for the value of molecule of the number percent of road network total kilometrage for the mileages of transport route of the road that congestion level is the highest in the traffic circulation grade that obtains through step f, K1 by five of corresponding road networks of low 5 paramount spans by low paramount traffic circulation grade.
3. the road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; With a plurality of continuous statistical intervals is a statistical time range; Traffic circulation index in the counting statistics period in each statistical interval, thus statistics obtains the cumulative time of different traffic circulation grades in this statistical time range.
4. based on the road net postitallation evaluation method of vehicle travel data, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. select the highway section that the traffic circulation grade belongs to congestion level; Statistics obtain blocking up the day quantity and the ratio in highway section, the highway section that blocks up in week, block up by the moon highway section and the highway section that blocks up in year; Wherein block up day the highway section be early, evening peak is in the period, the duration of blocking up surpasses the highway section of peak period 50% sooner or later respectively; The highway section that blocks up in week is that statistics is at least 4 highway section for the frequency in the highway section that blocks up day in this inside of a week; The highway section that blocks up by the moon is that this month work in a few days reaches 60% the highway section that the worker makes the day fate this month as the highway section number of times that blocks up day; The highway section that blocks up in year is 50% the highway section that surpasses fate on working day this year in working day this year as the highway section number of times that blocks up day.
5. based on the road net postitallation evaluation method of vehicle travel data, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. obtain this approaches of average link travel time through the highway section distance with the section mean speed in this highway section;
C. calculate under the 95% probability condition through one or more highway sections and spend more the ratio of the time and the unimpeded state down stroke time of expense than the average stroke time, said ratio is the journey time reliability index; Journey time reliability index during wherein through a plurality of highway section is counted weighted average calculation by the journey time reliability index in single highway section with truck kilometer and is obtained.
6. based on the road net postitallation evaluation method of vehicle travel data, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D obtains this approaches of average link travel time through the highway section distance with the section mean speed in this highway section;
E. calculate the traffic circulation index in a highway section or a plurality of continuous highway sections; The traffic circulation index in one of them highway section carries out linear interpolation according to threshold speed and obtains, and the traffic circulation index in a plurality of continuous highway sections is on average obtained with the average stroke time weight by the traffic circulation index in single highway section.
7. based on the road net postitallation evaluation method of vehicle travel data, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. calculate the average stroke speed in each highway section, said average stroke speed is the time that vehicle ' unit's mileage is consumed, and unit is hour/kilometer, gets inverse by average velocity and obtains.
8. based on the road net postitallation evaluation method of vehicle travel data, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A. be statistical interval with the regular hour section, obtain the section mean speed in each highway section in the interior road net of statistical interval;
B. divide the threshold speed of each traffic circulation grade of different brackets road;
C. confirm the traffic circulation grade of each highway section in said statistical interval according to category of roads under the highway section and section mean speed thereof;
D. add up respectively the different brackets road under different traffic circulation grades mileages of transport route and account for the ratio of this grade road total kilometrage;
E. the mileage and the required time that increase or reduce according to the traffic circulation grade of congestion level in a plurality of continuous statistical intervals obtain the mileage additional kilometers that block up in the unit interval, and unit is kilometer/hour; With the milimeter number that the mileage that blocks up in the unit interval reduces, unit is kilometer/hour.
9. the road net postitallation evaluation method based on the vehicle travel data according to claim 8; It is characterized in that; The mileage time interval constant or that begin to descend that begins to rise to the road of congestion level with the mileage of the road of congestion level is the formation time of blocking up; The mileage time interval constant or that begin to rise that begins to drop to the road of congestion level with the mileage of the road of congestion level is the resolution time of blocking up, and the formation time and the resolution time ratio that blocks up obtain blocking up.
10. according to the described road net postitallation evaluation method of claim 1-9 based on the vehicle travel data; It is characterized in that the threshold speed of dividing the corresponding different traffic circulation grades of different brackets road interval average velocity obtains through one or more modes that combine in the following method:
1) gets the section mean speed sample in all highway sections that at least one all road networks comprise; Drawing respectively according to different categories of roads is in the interval sample of friction speed and frequency occurs, and the summation curve that draws, and seeks 85%; 50%; 30%, 15% fractile, corresponding velocity amplitude is for dividing unimpeded and unimpeded basically, unimpeded basically and slightly blocking up, slightly block up and moderate is blocked up, moderate is blocked up and the threshold value of five traffic circulation grades of seriously blocking up;
2) utilize the level of service division standard of U.S.'s traffic capacity handbook (HCM) to verify; A, B, C, D, E, six kinds of service levels of F have been defined among the HCM; With A level service level is freestream conditions; Corresponding to free stream velocity; Then B to F level service level is respectively the road travelling speed and arrives 70%, 50%, 40%, 25% of free stream velocity; Among corresponding the present invention defined unimpeded, unimpeded basically, slightly block up, moderate is blocked up and seriously block up, the free stream velocity corresponding according to " Code for planning design of transport on urban road (GB 50220-95) " regulation through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and the branch road of China is respectively 80 kilometers/hour, 60 kilometers/hour and 40 kilometers/hour, calculates the threshold value of the corresponding different traffic circulation grades of speed;
3) perception data that blocks up that the per minute of gathering based on the investigation with car writes down; Carry out probability analysis to the different brackets of through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and the branch road corresponding speed interval of perception that blocks up respectively, the corresponding velocity amplitude of point that the two adjacent perceptual speed probability distribution curves that block up are intersected is confirmed as the threshold speed of adjacent operation grade.
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