CN102815864A - Preparation method of photonic crystal optical fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of photonic crystal optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN102815864A CN102815864A CN2012103540110A CN201210354011A CN102815864A CN 102815864 A CN102815864 A CN 102815864A CN 2012103540110 A CN2012103540110 A CN 2012103540110A CN 201210354011 A CN201210354011 A CN 201210354011A CN 102815864 A CN102815864 A CN 102815864A
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- inner sleeve
- kapillary
- outer tube
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/0122—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of photonic crystal, microstructured or holey optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/14—Non-solid, i.e. hollow products, e.g. hollow clad or with core-clad interface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/42—Photonic crystal fibres, e.g. fibres using the photonic bandgap PBG effect, microstructured or holey optical fibres
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- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a photonic crystal optical fiber. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a hollow capillary tube is adopted to be spliced with a photonic crystal optical fiber preformed bar, and at least two mutually embedded quartz tubes are taken as an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve of a photonic crystal optical fiber capillary tube. The joints of the mutually embedded quartz tubes are completely sealed and not communicated, and pressure communicating ports which are connected with a pressure controller are preformed on the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, so that a pressure difference is generated by the pressures acting inside and outside of the capillary tube. The quartz tubes which are mutually embedded, not communicated, and reserved with pressure communicating ports, are taken as the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the photonic crystal optical fiber capillary tube, the diameters of the capillary tubes and the changes of the sizes of the gaps among the capillary tubes can be flexibly and precisely controlled, and the complex structure of the photonic crystal optical fiber is easily realized. Therefore, the problems for simultaneously controlling the gaps among the capillary tubes and the apertures of the capillary tubes are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the photonic crystal fiber technology, particularly a kind of preparation method of photonic crystal fiber.Present method is applicable to all stringy photonic crystal fibers that need pressurize.
Background technology
The preparation technology of photonic crystal fiber tiles kapillary or silk in silica tube, to form prefabricated rods earlier, and then prefabricated rods is drawn into optical fiber through high-temperature fusion on wire-drawer-tower.But in high temperature stringy process, the microstructure that kapillary tiles can deform, and change has just taken place for original project organization of photonic crystal fiber and performance like this.Guarantee size, the structure that tiles structure and kapillary itself capillaceous be very important and difficulty very high.Application number is the preparation method that 200510024669.5 Chinese patent discloses a kind of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, and this method adopts kapillary, an end closure outer tube of sealing two ends, and the outer tube after will filling vacuumizes heating, cooling back formation prefabricated rods.Though the prefabricated rods position stability capillaceous of this method preparation, can solve the interface scattering problem, prefabricated rods is when the high temperature wire drawing, and not to measure of control capillaceous, the kapillary aperture can receive the capillary effect of fused silica glass and shrink.Application number is the ME that 201010549988.9 Chinese patent discloses a kind of photonic crystal fiber, and this technology is optimized purifying capillaceous and protection and set bunchy Technology.This patent can reduce the loss of photonic crystal fiber, does not relate to the content of capillary pipe structure stability when how to guarantee the high temperature wire drawing.Application number is that 200410042623.1 Chinese patent discloses a kind of method and employed device of this method for preparing photonic crystal fiber; At first in the glass bushing of specific dimensions, capillary array is gone out specific structure; Form photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod; And then preform is carried out pressure-controlling through specific device, promptly glass bushing is vacuumized, feeds in the kapillary gas of certain air pressure.This patent vacuumizes and can kapillary merged each other when the high temperature wire drawing glass bushing; Relative position is stable; The gas that in kapillary, feeds certain air pressure can be controlled size capillaceous; But the pressure in the vacuum of extracapillary and the kapillary causes more easily and capillaceously bursts, be out of shape, and it is big to install operation easier.Implementing this patent requires jack diameter, position and number on vacuum (-tight) housing and the slotting dish consistent with the photonic crystal arrangement mode in the needed optical fiber; The general kapillary of forming a photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod has the hundreds of root; Operation easier is well imagined; And each specific photonic crystal fiber is all wanted the corresponding with it vacuum (-tight) housing of designing and preparing and is inserted dish, can not adapt to the flexible and changeable characteristic of photonic crystals optical fiber structure.
In sum, the complicated process of preparation of photonic crystal fiber, technical difficulty is high, and the photonic crystals optical fiber structure with excellent specific property of Design Theory is difficult to be drawn into actual fiber.Propose in two times more than ten years so far from notion, technology of preparing is a major issue of puzzlement photonic crystal fiber development always.Along with the development of photonic crystal fiber, novel photonic crystals optical fiber structure emerges in an endless stream, and wants to realize that these structures just must solve capillary gap and the problem controlled simultaneously with the kapillary aperture.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of preparation method of photonic crystal fiber, present method adopts hollow kapillary to tile photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, and adopts at least two mutually nested silica tubes as photonic crystal fiber internal and external casing capillaceous.Each does not communicate mutually nested silica tube junction complete closed, and internal and external casing is all reserved the pressure communication mouth that can be connected with pressure controller respectively.When photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod pressurization wire drawing, control the pressure in the internal and external casing respectively, act in the kapillary and the pressure of extracapillary generation pressure difference thereby make.Adopt silica tube mutually nested, that respectively do not communicate, reserve respectively the pressure communication mouth as photonic crystal fiber internal and external casing capillaceous; Can flexibly, accurately control the changing conditions of capillary diameter; Can also control simultaneously the changing conditions of pore size between the kapillary, realize the complex construction of photonic crystal fiber easily.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of preparation method of photonic crystal fiber, it is characterized in that, and may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the preparation of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
(1). kapillary is nested with inner sleeve
Adopt a silica tube as inner sleeve capillaceous, capillary pipe length is greater than inner sleeve length; Kapillary is cut into some according to certain-length; The photon crystal structure required according to photonic crystal fiber tiles some capillaries in inner sleeve; Fibre core is reserved in the central position; An end capillaceous is alignd with an end of inner sleeve each other, and the other end of some capillaries forms capillary bundle and stretches out inner sleeve, and the kapillary of homogeneous end and the gap between the inner sleeve are closely filled up with quartz fiber;
(2). the fusion of kapillary and inner sleeve
The inner sleeve of alignment end is heated to soft state together with kapillary; Make between the kapillary in the certain-length scope and merge between kapillary and the inner sleeve; Simultaneously the capillary bundle of stretching out the other end is pressurizeed, to guarantee capillaceously hollowly can not receive reality;
(3). external sealing inner sleeve top
At the silica tube of the external one section sealing in inner sleeve top of alignment end, and reserve an inner sleeve pressure communication mouth in the side of external silica tube;
(4). inner sleeve is nested together with kapillary and outer tube
Adopt a silica tube as outer tube capillaceous; Outer tube length is greater than inner sleeve length; The outer tube internal diameter equals the inner sleeve external diameter; One end that will stretch out capillary bundle is packed in the outer tube, and the telescopic upper end arrives kapillary and is as the criterion with the position that inner sleeve merges beyond the degree of depth of packing into, make the lower surface of outer tube simultaneously and the lower surface of the capillary bundle of stretching out at grade; Tamp with quartz fiber the lower end of outer tube and the gap between the capillary bundle;
(5). the closed outer casing pipe
Will with the outer sleeve upper face closure of inner sleeve socket place, an outer tube pressure communication mouth is reserved in the side of outer tube, the lower surface sealing of outer tube forms photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod;
Step 2: the drawing of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
Process through melt drawing on wire-drawer-tower is drawn into the optical fiber of required diameter with photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, respectively inner sleeve and outer tube is pressurizeed with the variation of pore size between control capillary diameter and the kapillary through inner sleeve pressure communication mouth and outer tube pressure communication mouth simultaneously.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produced is: adopt present method when photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod pressurization wire drawing; Through controlling the pressure in the internal and external casing respectively; Can flexibly, accurately control the changing conditions of capillary diameter; Can also control simultaneously the changing conditions of pore size between the kapillary, realize the complex construction of photonic crystal fiber easily.Thereby solve capillary gap and the problem controlled simultaneously with the kapillary aperture.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kapillary and structural representation after inner sleeve is nested.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation after inner sleeve and kapillary alignment end merge.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation at external sealing inner sleeve top.
Fig. 4 is and prefabricated rods structural representation after outer tube is nested.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further explanation.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of preparation method of photonic crystal fiber may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the preparation of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
(1). kapillary is nested with inner sleeve
Adopt the inner sleeve 2 of a silica tube as kapillary 1, kapillary 1 length is greater than inner sleeve 2 length; Kapillary 1 is cut into some according to certain-length; The photon crystal structure required according to photonic crystal fiber tiles some capillaries 1 in inner sleeve 2; Fibre core 3 is reserved in the central position; One end of kapillary 1 is alignd with an end of inner sleeve 2 each other, and the other end of some capillaries 1 forms capillary bundle 4 and stretches out inner sleeve, and the kapillary 1 of homogeneous end and the gap between the inner sleeve 2 are closely filled up with quartz fiber 5;
(2). the fusion of kapillary and inner sleeve
The inner sleeve 2 of alignment end is heated to soft state together with kapillary 1; Make between the kapillary 1 in the certain-length scope and merge between kapillary 1 and the inner sleeve 2; Simultaneously the capillary bundle 4 of stretching out the other end is pressurizeed, can not receive reality to guarantee the hollow of kapillary 1;
(3). external sealing inner sleeve top
At the silica tube 6 of the external one section sealing in inner sleeve 2 tops of alignment end, and reserve an inner sleeve pressure communication mouth 7 in the side of external silica tube 6;
(4). inner sleeve is nested together with kapillary and outer tube
Adopt a silica tube as outer tube 8 capillaceous; Outer tube 8 length are greater than inner sleeve 2 length; Outer tube 8 internal diameters equal inner sleeve 2 external diameters; One end that will stretch out capillary bundle 4 is packed in the outer tube 8, and the degree of depth of packing into arrives kapillary 1 with the upper end of outer tube 8 and is as the criterion with the position that inner sleeve 2 merges, and the lower surface that makes outer tube 8 simultaneously and the lower surface of the capillary bundle 4 of stretching out are at grade; Tamp with quartz fiber 5 gap between the lower end of outer tube 8 and the capillary bundle 4;
(5). the closed outer casing pipe
To seal with outer tube 8 upper surfaces of inner sleeve 2 socket places, an outer tube pressure communication mouth 9 is reserved in the side of outer tube 8, and the lower surface sealing of outer tube forms photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod;
Step 2: the drawing of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
Process through melt drawing on wire-drawer-tower is drawn into the optical fiber of required diameter with photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, respectively inner sleeve 2 and outer tube 8 is pressurizeed with the variation of pore size between control kapillary 1 diameter and the kapillary 1 through inner sleeve pressure communication mouth 7 and outer tube pressure communication mouth 9 simultaneously.
The external diameter capillaceous that present method adopts is 0.5 ~ 3mm.Some capillaries adopt the kapillary of same inner diameter, perhaps adopt the kapillary of two or more different inner diameters.Shape capillaceous adopts a kind of in sexangle or the circle.Cutting Length capillaceous is 150 ~ 300mm, and inner sleeve length is 100-250mm.Between the kapillary and the length that merges between kapillary and the inner sleeve be 30-60mm.
Embodiment one: the preparation of kagome type hollow-core photonic crystal fiber
(1). with internal diameter is that 0.8mm, external diameter are that the circular capillaries of 1.0mm is that 200mm cuts according to length; According to the rounded projections arranged structure they are tiled in inner sleeve, fibre core is left in the central position, and the inner sleeve internal diameter is 15mm; External diameter is 18mm, and length is 100mm.The other end of kapillary 1 forms capillary bundle 5 and stretches out inner sleeve, and intercapillary space keeps, and the space between kapillary and the inner sleeve is closely filled up with quartz fiber, and kapillary, quartz fiber align with an end of inner sleeve.
(2). the inner sleeve of the end that will align is together with the kapillary thermoplastic, and heated length is 30mm, and the other end suitably adds the pressure of 5 holders to the capillary bundle of stretching out.
(3). connect the long silica tube of one section 40mm at alignment end top, the silica tube top seal, a diameter 1cm, the inner sleeve pressure communication mouth of long 2cm are reserved in the silica tube side.
(4). inner sleeve is stretched out the capillary bundle end internal diameter 18mm that packs into; In the outer tube of external diameter 22mm, long 180mm; The position that telescopic upper end arrival kapillary and inner sleeve merge beyond the degree of depth of packing into is as the criterion; The lower surface of the lower surface that makes outer tube simultaneously and the capillary bundle of stretching out at grade, tamp with quartz fiber the gap between outer tube lower end and the capillary bundle.
(5). will with the outer sleeve upper face of inner sleeve socket place with oxyhydrogen flame thermoplastic rear enclosed, a diameter 1cm, the outer tube pressure communication mouth of long 2cm are reserved in the side of outer tube.The lower surface of outer tube forms photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod with oxyhydrogen flame thermoplastic rear enclosed.
(6). with the 1960 ℃ of high temperature wire drawings of warp on wire-drawer-tower of nested good prefabricated rods; Drawing speed is controlled at 10m/s; The pressure-controlling of inner sleeve is in 10 holders, and the pressure-controlling of outer tube is in 12 holders, and can be drawn into external diameter is the kagome type hollow-core photonic crystal fiber of 125 μ m.
Embodiment two: the preparation of double clad Yb-doped photon crystal optical fiber
(1). with internal diameter is that 0.5mm, external diameter are that 1.2mm and internal diameter are that 0.8mm, external diameter are that two kinds of sexangle kapillaries of 1.2mm are that 300mm cuts according to length; According to the double clad structure (internal diameter little tile inner cladding region; Internal diameter is big tiles outer cladding region) they are tiled in inner sleeve according to the honeycomb type arrangement architecture; Fibre core is left in the central position, inner sleeve internal diameter 21mm, external diameter 25mm, and length is 150mm.The other end capillaceous forms capillary bundle 5 and stretches out inner sleeve, and the space between intercapillary space and kapillary and the inner sleeve is all closely filled up with quartz fiber, and kapillary, quartz fiber align with an end of inner sleeve.
(2). the inner sleeve of the end that will align is together with the kapillary thermoplastic, and heated length is 30mm, and the other end suitably adds the pressure of 6 holders to the capillary bundle of stretching out.
(3). connect the long silica tube of one section 40mm at alignment end top, the silica tube top seal, a diameter 1cm, the inner sleeve pressure communication mouth of long 2cm are reserved in the silica tube side.
(4). inner sleeve is stretched out the capillary bundle end pack in the outer tube of an internal diameter 25mm, external diameter 29mm, long 280mm; The position that telescopic upper end arrival kapillary and inner sleeve merge beyond the degree of depth of packing into is as the criterion; The lower surface of the lower surface that makes outer tube simultaneously and the capillary bundle of stretching out at grade, tamp with quartz fiber the gap between outer tube lower end and the capillary bundle.
(5). will with the outer sleeve upper face of inner sleeve socket place with oxyhydrogen flame thermoplastic rear enclosed; A diameter 1cm is reserved in the outer tube side; The pressure communication mouth of long 2cm, the lower surface of outer tube form photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod with oxyhydrogen flame thermoplastic rear enclosed.
(6). with the 1980 ℃ of high temperature wire drawings of warp on wire-drawer-tower of nested good prefabricated rods; Drawing speed is controlled at 6m/s; The pressure-controlling of inner sleeve is in 16 holders, and the pressure-controlling of outer tube is in 3 holders, and can be drawn into external diameter is the double clad Yb-doped photon crystal optical fiber of 400 μ m.
In pulling process, through inner sleeve pressure communication mouth to the inner sleeve P that pressurizes
1, promptly pressure is P in the capillary bore
1Through outer tube pressure communication mouth to the outer tube P that pressurizes
2, promptly outer tube and capillary gap pressure are P
2In order to limit the deformation of photonic crystal fiber microstructure, guaranteeing under the controlled prerequisite of drawing process stable state control Δ P (Δ P=P
1-P
2) can control the convergent-divergent of kapillary aperture and interporal lacuna.Δ P＞0 can realize that kapillary expands, and merge in the gap; Contraction capillaceous can be realized in Δ P＜0, the maintenance in gap.
Border pressure values when kapillary shrinks distortion is the minimum pressure value of carrying out normal fibre-optical drawing, shown in (1):
μ is the viscous modulus of quartz material in the formula, U
fRod speed under being, U
dBe drawing speed, L is the height of High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus.
Border pressure values when kapillary expands distortion is the maximum pressure value of carrying out normal fibre-optical drawing, shown in (2):
In the formula r
1Internal diameter capillaceous, σ are the coefficient of surface tension of fused quartz.
Shrink and the expansible theory scope of exerting pressure according to above-mentioned kapillary, combine the demand of actual fiber structure to regulate P again
2, the photonic crystal fiber of desired structure just can prepare.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of a photonic crystal fiber is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the preparation of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
(1). kapillary is nested with inner sleeve
Adopt a silica tube as inner sleeve capillaceous, capillary pipe length is greater than inner sleeve length; Kapillary is cut into some according to certain-length; The photon crystal structure required according to photonic crystal fiber tiles some capillaries in inner sleeve; Fibre core is reserved in the central position; An end capillaceous is alignd with an end of inner sleeve each other, and the other end of some capillaries forms capillary bundle and stretches out inner sleeve, and the kapillary of homogeneous end and the gap between the inner sleeve are closely filled up with quartz fiber;
(2). the fusion of kapillary and inner sleeve
The inner sleeve of alignment end is heated to soft state together with kapillary; Make between the kapillary in the certain-length scope and merge between kapillary and the inner sleeve; Simultaneously the capillary bundle of stretching out the other end is pressurizeed, to guarantee capillaceously hollowly can not receive reality;
(3). external sealing inner sleeve top
At the silica tube of the external one section sealing in inner sleeve top of alignment end, and reserve an inner sleeve pressure communication mouth in the side of external silica tube;
(4). inner sleeve is nested together with kapillary and outer tube
Adopt a silica tube as outer tube capillaceous; Outer tube length is greater than inner sleeve length; The outer tube internal diameter equals the inner sleeve external diameter; One end that will stretch out capillary bundle is packed in the outer tube, and the telescopic upper end arrives kapillary and is as the criterion with the position that inner sleeve merges beyond the degree of depth of packing into, make the lower surface of outer tube simultaneously and the lower surface of the capillary bundle of stretching out at grade; Tamp with quartz fiber the lower end of outer tube and the gap between the capillary bundle;
(5). the closed outer casing pipe
Will with the outer sleeve upper face closure of inner sleeve socket place, an outer tube pressure communication mouth is reserved in the side of outer tube, the lower surface sealing of outer tube forms photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod;
Step 2: the drawing of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
Process through melt drawing on wire-drawer-tower is drawn into the optical fiber of required diameter with photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, respectively inner sleeve and outer tube is pressurizeed with the variation of pore size between control capillary diameter and the kapillary through inner sleeve pressure communication mouth and outer tube pressure communication mouth simultaneously.
2. the preparation method of a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described external diameter capillaceous is 0.5 ~ 3mm.
3. the preparation method of a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described some capillaries adopt the kapillary of same inner diameter, perhaps adopts the kapillary of two or more different inner diameters.
4. the preparation method of a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described shape capillaceous adopts a kind of in sexangle or the circle.
5. the preparation method of a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Cutting Length capillaceous is 150 ~ 300mm, and inner sleeve length is 100-250mm.
6. the preparation method of a kind of photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that, between the described kapillary and the length that merges between kapillary and the inner sleeve be 30-60mm.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109476526A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-03-15 | Nkt光子学有限公司 | A kind of fiber producing processes |
| CN109581593A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of photonic crystal fiber end cap |
| CN110501340A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-26 | 江苏卓然智能重工有限公司 | Cracking furnace tube corrosion monitoring system based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques |
| CN115784602A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-14 | 锐光信通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of quartz-based image transmission optical fiber and quartz-based image transmission optical fiber |
| US11662518B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2023-05-30 | Nkt Photonics A/S | Hollow core optical fiber and a laser system |
| US11846809B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2023-12-19 | Nkt Photonics A/S | Photonic crystal fiber assembly |
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| US11662518B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2023-05-30 | Nkt Photonics A/S | Hollow core optical fiber and a laser system |
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| CN115784602A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-14 | 锐光信通科技有限公司 | Preparation method of quartz-based image transmission optical fiber and quartz-based image transmission optical fiber |
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| CN102815864B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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