CN102814434A - Method for axially feeding, extruding, rolling and forming spline shaft by medium-frequency and high-frequency sensing heating - Google Patents

Method for axially feeding, extruding, rolling and forming spline shaft by medium-frequency and high-frequency sensing heating Download PDF

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CN102814434A
CN102814434A CN2012103035732A CN201210303573A CN102814434A CN 102814434 A CN102814434 A CN 102814434A CN 2012103035732 A CN2012103035732 A CN 2012103035732A CN 201210303573 A CN201210303573 A CN 201210303573A CN 102814434 A CN102814434 A CN 102814434A
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spline
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CN102814434B (en
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张大伟
赵升吨
李泳峄
范淑琴
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Shaanxi Gezhi Jingcheng Intelligent Manufacturing Co ltd
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Abstract

一种中高频感应加热轴向进给挤压滚轧成形花键轴的方法，先装夹工件，对工件上成形花键段端部区域表面进行加热，挤压滚轧成形模具对先加热段进行挤压滚轧成形，轴向进给运动下进入中高频感应加热器的成形区域连续加热，由挤压滚轧模具完成工件上花键的挤压滚轧成形，中高频感应加热器在挤压滚轧成形模具和工件装夹位置之间，中高频感应加热器仅对即将开始挤压滚轧变形的部分成形区域内将发生塑性变形的表面局部区域加热，本发明具有花键成形力小、热量损失少、节省能源、能够加材料变形抗力大、细长轴类和大模数花键类零件、成形精度和表面质量高、生产效率高、加工范围广等优点。

Figure 201210303573

A method of medium and high frequency induction heating axial feed extrusion roll forming spline shaft, firstly clamp the workpiece, heat the surface of the end area of the formed spline section on the workpiece, and the extrusion roll forming mold firstly heats the section Extrusion rolling forming is carried out, and the forming area entering the medium and high frequency induction heater is continuously heated under the axial feed movement. The extrusion rolling die completes the extrusion rolling forming of the spline on the workpiece, and the medium and high frequency induction heater Between the press rolling forming mold and the clamping position of the workpiece, the medium and high frequency induction heater only heats the local area of the surface that will undergo plastic deformation in the part of the forming area that is about to start extrusion rolling deformation. The present invention has the advantages of small spline forming force , less heat loss, energy saving, can add material deformation resistance, slender shaft and large modulus spline parts, high forming accuracy and surface quality, high production efficiency, wide processing range, etc.

Figure 201210303573

Description

A kind of method of medium-high frequency eddy-current heating axial feed extruding rollforming splined shaft
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced material forming technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method of medium-high frequency eddy-current heating axial feed extruding rollforming splined shaft.
Background technology
Spline is to be used for the vital part of transmission power and moment of torsion in the mechanical system, and splined is used very extensive in automobile and various vehicle and equipment manufacture as a kind of linking intensity height, compact conformation, connecting mode that reliability is high.
Along with rapid development of automobile industry, the demand of high strength high accuracy spline, particularly long splined shaft increases day by day and instructions for use improves constantly, and the processing technology and the equipment of conventional spline has been proposed new challenge.The processing technology of spline mainly is divided into traditional cut and Plastic Forming processing; Shortcomings such as traditional spline cutting technology exists that cut intensity is high, productivity ratio is low, mechanical performance and surface quality difference; And spline rollforming technology ELEMENTARY INTRODUCTION TO NON category; Have high, the plurality of advantages such as shaping load is little, workpiece size stable accuracy, good product performance of production efficiency height, stock utilization, in the involute spline processing and manufacturing, be used widely.Yet splined shaft is to producing plastic deformation with the roller contact fully; Shaping load is high; Be difficult to be applicable to the processing of long splined shaft; High strength steel resistance of deformation under the room temperature is big in addition, makes big, the material flow difficulties of high strength steel spline cold rolling shaping load, and former transmission system and integral rigidity also face great challenge.
Warm working has been concentrated the advantage of cold forming and heat forming technology, not only can effectively reduce resistance of deformation, improves the metal material plastic forming ability; And avoided the hot forming energy consumption big, be prone to have produced overheated, oxidation, decarburization, and shortcoming such as allowance is big; Can obtain better products surface quality and high dimension precision.At present; Because the plurality of advantages of warm working; Numerous scholars have carried out extensive studies to this technology; Be applied to a lot of effects that a merging has obtained satisfaction of producing, for example warm drawing and forming, warm-extrusion forming, warm forging precision form etc., but also Warm Forming Technology is not applied in the plastic working technique of axial feed extruding rollforming spline.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of medium-high frequency eddy-current heating axial feed extruding rollforming splined shaft; The spline shaping load is little; Material flowability can be good, and can the rapidoprint resistance of deformation big, thin and long shafts and big modulus spline class part have forming accuracy and surface quality height, production efficiency is high, the range of work is wide, the advantage of highly versatile.
A kind of method of medium-high frequency eddy-current heating axial feed extruding rollforming splined shaft comprises the steps:
Step 1, clamping workpiece 2, workpiece 2 by preceding top 1 and mould spline integrated top 3 clamp, make the theoretical reference circle of workpiece 2 tangent with the reference circle of extruding rollforming mould 5;
Step 2, shaping spline segment end regions surface local heating on the workpiece 2,
2.1, workpiece 2 is to the 5 direction feedings of extruding rollforming mould; The shaping spline segment gets in the medium-high frequency induction heater 4 on the workpiece 2; Medium-high frequency induction heater 4 is configured between extruding rollforming mould 5 and workpiece 2 clamping positions; The shaping spline segment aligns near extruding rollforming mould 5 one ends with medium-high frequency induction heater 4 near extruding rollforming mould 5 one ends on the workpiece 2
Hot zone length is that the length of medium-high frequency induction heater 4 bringing-up section a is L a, medium-high frequency induction heater 4 is L near extruding rollforming mould 5 one ends with the length of pushing space section b between rollforming mould 5 end faces b, the length of extruding rollforming mould 5 extruding rolling basil section c is L c, length L a, L bAnd L cSatisfy formula L a=L b>=L c(1);
2.2, medium-high frequency induction heater 4 starts working, the surperficial zone of heating depth delta of shaping spline segment in bringing-up section a should satisfy formula Δ=r on the workpiece 2 Z-r f+ (1.5 ~ 2.0) h;
In the formula: r ZBe blank radius before the zone rolling of blank spline; r fBe shaping spline tooth root radius; H is a shaping spline tooth overall height;
2.3, the temperature in the bringing-up section a in the surperficial zone of heating depth delta of workpiece reaches predetermined forming temperature T, be t its heat time heating time,
Forming temperature T is more than deformable material blue shortness district temperature, fully carries out the following warm working temperature of temperature of crystallization again; Or the hot forming temperature more than the temperature of fully carrying out crystallization again; Heat time heating time, t confirmed that the method for the shortest heat time heating time confirms that wherein workpiece centre temperature and surface layer temperatures difference Δ T select in the bringing-up section a in 200 ℃ ~ (T-50 ℃) scope when adopting electromagnetic induction heating in forge producing;
Step 3, continuous medium-high frequency eddy-current heating and axial feed, by the extruding rollforming of extruding rollforming mould 5 completion workpiece 2 upper splines,
After the shaping spline segment all broke away from medium-high frequency induction heater 4 on the workpiece 2, medium-high frequency induction heater 4 quit work; Workpiece 2 by preceding top 1 and mould spline integrated top 3 carry out axial feed when clamping; Three extruding rollforming moulds 5 are along 120 ° of equidistant arrays of workpiece 2 circumferencial directions; Three extruding rollforming moulds 5 rotate synchronously in the same way; Extruding rollforming mould 5 radially is pressed into basil section c by increment and a rolling correction section d forms; Increment radially is pressed into the extruding rolling that basil section c carries out spline earlier, proofreaies and correct section d by rolling again and carries out the rolling correction;
Surperficial zone of heating depth delta in the bringing-up section a should satisfy formula Δ=r Z-r f+ (1.5 ~ 2.0) h; Workpiece 2 axial feed velocity v should satisfy formula
Figure BDA00002051482900041
It is 6 ° ~ 9 ° that increment radially is pressed into basil angular range; The transmission that is meshing with each other of spline segment e on the mould spline integrated top 3 and extruding rollforming mould 5; Realize that shaping initial stage workpiece 2 extruding rollformings have with extruding rollforming mould 5 corresponding rotating speeds, the range of speeds of extruding rollforming mould 5 is 20RPM ~ 60RPM; Spline segment e on the mould spline integrated top 3 has identical dimensional structure with the spline that will be shaped, and the length of the spline segment e on the mould spline integrated top 3 is L e, length L eSatisfy formula L e>L b+ L c
Step 4, workpiece 2 by preceding top 1 and mould spline integrated top 3 clamp and oppositely to withdraw from discharging simultaneously.
The present invention organically combines medium-high frequency eddy-current heating and axial feed extruding rollforming spline, realizes that the axial feed squeezing roll rolls into the long splined shaft of form height strength steel; The medium-high frequency induction heater only heats the partially-formed zone that is about to begin to push the rolling distortion between extruding rollforming mould and clamping workpiece position; The shaped region that axial feed motion gets into the medium-high frequency induction heater down heats continuously; The surface local zone heating of plastic deformation only to taking place in the medium-high frequency induction heater; Reduce thermal loss, save the energy; Can reduce the material deformation drag, improve the metal plastic deformation ability; The machinable material resistance of deformation is big, thin and long shafts and big modulus spline class part.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 connects sketch map for equipment therefor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the axonometric drawing in medium-high frequency induction heater 4 of the present invention and extruding rollforming mould 5 zones.
Fig. 4 is the front view in medium-high frequency induction heater 4 of the present invention and extruding rollforming mould 5 zones.
Fig. 5 is workpiece 2 of the present invention and extruding rollforming mould 5 layouts and motion signal.
Fig. 6 pushes rollforming mould 5 axonometric drawings for the present invention.
Fig. 7 pushes rollforming mould 5 front views for the present invention.
Fig. 8 is integrated top 3 sketch mapes of mould spline of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done detailed description.
It is the 42CrMo high strength steel that present embodiment adopts the material of workpiece 2, and three extruding rollforming moulds 5 rotate synchronously in the same way.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of method of medium-high frequency eddy-current heating axial feed extruding rollforming splined shaft comprises the steps:
Step 1, clamping workpiece 2;
Workpiece 2 by preceding top 1 and mould spline integrated top 3 clamp, guarantee that the theoretical reference circle of workpiece 2 is tangent with the reference circle of extruding rollforming mould 5;
Step 2, shaping spline segment end sections region surface local heat on the workpiece 2;
2.1, workpiece 2 is to the 5 direction feedings of extruding rollforming mould; The shaping spline segment gets in the medium-high frequency induction heater 4 on the workpiece 2; With reference to Fig. 2, medium-high frequency induction heater 4 is configured between extruding rollforming mould 5 and workpiece 2 clamping positions, and the shaping spline segment aligns near extruding rollforming mould 5 one ends with medium-high frequency induction heater 4 near extruding rollforming mould 5 one ends on the workpiece 2; With reference to Fig. 3
With reference to Fig. 4, hot zone length is that the length of medium-high frequency induction heater 4 bringing-up section a is L a, medium-high frequency induction heater 4 is L near extruding rollforming mould 5 one ends with the length of pushing space section b between rollforming mould 5 end faces b, the length of extruding rollforming mould 5 extruding rolling basil section c is L c, length L a, L bAnd L cSatisfy formula L a=L b>=L c
2.2, medium-high frequency induction heater 4 starts working, the surperficial zone of heating depth delta of shaping spline segment in bringing-up section a should satisfy formula Δ=r on the workpiece 2 Z-r f+ (1.5 ~ 2.0) h;
In the formula: r ZBe blank radius before the zone rolling of blank spline; r fBe shaping spline tooth root radius; H is a shaping spline tooth overall height;
2.3, the temperature in the bringing-up section a in the surperficial zone of heating depth delta of workpiece reaches predetermined forming temperature T, be t its heat time heating time,
Forming temperature T is more than deformable material blue shortness district temperature, fully carries out the following warm working temperature of temperature of crystallization again, is specially 700 ℃; Heat time heating time, t confirmed that the method for the shortest heat time heating time confirms that wherein workpiece centre temperature and surface layer temperatures difference Δ T select in the bringing-up section a in 201 ℃ ~ 650 ℃ scopes when adopting electromagnetic induction heating in forge producing;
Step 3, continuous medium-high frequency eddy-current heating and axial feed are by the extruding rollforming of extruding rollforming mould 5 completion workpiece 2 upper splines;
After the shaping spline segment all broke away from medium-high frequency induction heater 4 on the workpiece 2, medium-high frequency induction heater 4 quit work; Workpiece 2 by preceding top 1 and mould spline integrated top 3 carry out axial feed when clamping; Three extruding rollforming moulds 5 along 120 ° of equidistant arrays of workpiece 2 circumferencial directions rotate synchronously in the same way; With reference to Fig. 5; Extruding rollforming mould 5 radially is pressed into basil section c by increment and a rolling correction section d forms; With reference to Fig. 6, increment radially is pressed into the extruding rolling that basil section c carries out spline earlier, proofreaies and correct section d by rolling again and carries out the rolling correction;
Surperficial zone of heating depth delta in the bringing-up section a should satisfy formula Δ=r Z-r f+ (1.5 ~ 2.0) h; Workpiece 2 axial feed velocity v should satisfy formula
Figure BDA00002051482900071
It is 6 ° ~ 9 ° that increment radially is pressed into basil angular range, with reference to Fig. 7, in the present embodiment is 7 °; Spline segment e on the mould spline integrated top 3; With reference to Fig. 8; The transmission that is meshing with each other of spline segment e and extruding rollforming mould 5 realizes that shaping initial stage workpiece 2 extruding rollformings have with extruding rollforming mould 5 corresponding rotating speeds, and the rotating speed of extruding rollforming mould 5 is 30RPM; Spline segment e on the mould spline integrated top 3 has identical dimensional structure with the spline that will be shaped, and the length of the spline segment e on the mould spline integrated top 3 is L e, length L eSatisfy formula L e>L b+ L c
Step 4, workpiece 2 by preceding top 1 and mould spline integrated top 3 clamp and oppositely to withdraw from discharging simultaneously.

Claims (1)

1.一种中高频感应加热轴向进给挤压滚轧成形花键轴的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：1. A method for medium and high frequency induction heating axial feed extrusion roll forming spline shaft, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 步骤1，装夹工件（2），工件（2）由前顶尖（1）及模花键集成顶尖（3）夹紧，使工件（2）的理论分度圆与挤压滚轧成形模具（5）的分度圆相切；Step 1, clamping the workpiece (2), the workpiece (2) is clamped by the front center (1) and mold spline integrated center (3), so that the theoretical indexing circle of the workpiece (2) is the same as that of the extrusion rolling forming die ( 5) The indexing circle is tangent; 步骤2，工件（2）上成形花键段端部区域表面局部加热，Step 2, the surface of the end area of the formed spline section on the workpiece (2) is locally heated, 2.1、工件（2）向挤压滚轧成形模具（5）方向进给，工件（2）上成形花键段进入中高频感应加热器（4）内，中高频感应加热器（4）配置在挤压滚轧成形模具（5）和工件（2）装夹位置之间，工件（2）上成形花键段靠近挤压滚轧成形模具（5）一端同中高频感应加热器（4）靠近挤压滚轧成形模具（5）一端对齐，2.1. The workpiece (2) is fed in the direction of the extrusion rolling forming die (5), and the formed spline section on the workpiece (2) enters the medium and high frequency induction heater (4), and the medium and high frequency induction heater (4) is arranged in the Between the extrusion rolling forming die (5) and the clamping position of the workpiece (2), the upper forming spline section of the workpiece (2) close to the extrusion rolling forming die (5) is close to the middle and high frequency induction heater (4) Align one end of the extrusion roll forming die (5), 加热区域长度为中高频感应加热器（4）加热段a的长度为La，中高频感应加热器（4）靠近挤压滚轧成形模具（5）一端同挤压滚轧成形模具（5）端面之间空隙段b的长度为Lb，挤压滚轧成形模具（5）挤压滚轧刃角段c的长度为Lc，长度La、Lb和Lc满足公式La＝Lb≥Lc；The length of the heating area is the middle and high frequency induction heater (4). The length of the heating section a is L a . The length of the gap section b between the end faces is L b , the length of the extrusion rolling edge section c of the extrusion rolling forming die (5) is L c , and the lengths L a , L b and L c satisfy the formula L a = L b ≥ L c ; 2.2、中高频感应加热器（4）开始工作，工件（2）上成形花键段在加热段a内的表面加热层深度Δ应满足公式Δ＝rZ-rf+(1.5~2.0)h；2.2. When the medium and high frequency induction heater (4) starts to work, the surface heating layer depth Δ of the formed spline section on the workpiece (2) in the heating section a should satisfy the formula Δ=r Z -r f +(1.5~2.0)h ; 式中：rZ为坯料花键区域滚轧前坯料半径；rf为成形花键齿根圆半径；h为成形花键齿全高；In the formula: r Z is the radius of the billet before rolling in the spline area of the billet; r f is the root circle radius of the formed spline; h is the overall height of the formed spline teeth; 2.3、加热段a内工件的表面加热层深度Δ内的温度达到预定的成形温度T，其加热时间为t，2.3. The temperature within the depth Δ of the surface heating layer of the workpiece in the heating section a reaches the predetermined forming temperature T, and the heating time is t. 成形温度T是在变形材料蓝脆区温度以上，充分进行再结晶的温度以下的温成形温度；或是在充分进行再结晶的温度以上的热成形温度；加热时间t依据锻造生产中采用电磁感应加热时确定最短加热时间的方法确定，其中加热段a内工件中心温度和表面层温度差ΔT在200℃~（T-50℃）范围内选择；The forming temperature T is the warm forming temperature above the blue brittle zone temperature of the deformed material and below the temperature of sufficient recrystallization; or the hot forming temperature above the temperature of sufficient recrystallization; the heating time t is based on the electromagnetic induction used in forging production The method of determining the shortest heating time during heating is determined, wherein the temperature difference between the center temperature of the workpiece and the surface layer temperature ΔT in the heating section a is selected within the range of 200°C~(T-50°C); 步骤3，连续的中高频感应加热和轴向进给，由挤压滚轧成形模具（5）完成工件（2）上花键的挤压滚轧成形，Step 3, continuous medium and high frequency induction heating and axial feeding, the extrusion rolling forming of the spline on the workpiece (2) is completed by the extrusion rolling forming die (5), 当工件（）2上成形花键段全部脱离中高频感应加热器（4）后，中高频感应加热器（4）停止工作；工件（2）由前顶尖（1）及模花键集成顶尖（3）夹紧的同时进行轴向进给；三个挤压滚轧成形模具（5）沿工件（2）圆周方向120°等间距阵列，三个挤压滚轧成形模具（5）同步同向转动，挤压滚轧成形模具（5）由增量径向压入刃角段c和滚轧校正段d组成，增量径向压入刃角段c先进行花键的挤压滚轧，再由滚轧校正段d进行滚轧校正；When the formed spline section on the workpiece () 2 is completely separated from the medium and high frequency induction heater (4), the medium and high frequency induction heater (4) stops working; the workpiece (2) is formed by the front top (1) and the die spline integrated top ( 3) Axial feeding is carried out while clamping; three extrusion rolling forming dies (5) are arrayed at 120° equidistant along the circumferential direction of the workpiece (2), and the three extrusion rolling forming dies (5) are synchronously in the same direction Rotate, extrude and roll forming die (5) is composed of incremental radial press-in edge section c and rolling correction section d, the incremental radial press-in edge section c is firstly extruded and rolled by the spline, Rolling correction is carried out by the rolling correction section d; 加热段a内的表面加热层深度Δ应满足公式Δ＝rZ-rf+(1.5~2.0)h；工件（2）轴向进给速度v应满足公式 The surface heating layer depth Δ in the heating section a should satisfy the formula Δ=r Z -r f +(1.5~2.0)h; the axial feed speed v of the workpiece (2) should satisfy the formula 增量径向压入刃角角度范围为6°~9°；模花键集成顶尖（3）上的花键段e与挤压滚轧成形模具（5）相互啮合传动，实现成形初期工件（2）挤压滚轧成形具有同挤压滚轧成形模具（5）相对应的转速，挤压滚轧成形模具（5）的转速范围为20RPM~60RPM；模花键集成顶尖（3）上的花键段e和要成形花键具有相同的尺寸结构，模花键集成顶尖（3）上的花键段e的长度为Le，长度Le满足公式Le>Lb+Lc；Incremental radial press-in edge angle ranges from 6° to 9°; the spline segment e on the die spline integrated top (3) and the extrusion rolling forming die (5) are meshed and driven to realize the initial forming of the workpiece ( 2) Extrusion roll forming has a speed corresponding to that of the extrusion roll forming die (5), and the speed range of the extrusion roll forming die (5) is 20RPM~60RPM; The spline segment e and the spline to be formed have the same size structure, the length of the spline segment e on the molded spline integrated center (3) is L e , and the length L e satisfies the formula L e >L b +L c ; 步骤4，工件（2）由前顶尖（1）及模花键集成顶尖（3）夹紧同时反向退出，卸料。Step 4, the workpiece (2) is clamped by the front center (1) and the molded spline integrated center (3) and withdraws in the reverse direction at the same time, unloading.
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CN103230990A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-08-07 西安交通大学 Multidirectional composite vibration incremental type rolling and forming device and technology thereof
CN103752741A (en) * 2014-01-10 2014-04-30 西安交通大学 Method from a driving rotating shaft to feeding three die to roll to form screw element
CN113579138A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-11-02 福建恒劲科技有限公司 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) electric heating spline warm extrusion forming complete equipment and forming process
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CN1313629C (en) * 2004-08-10 2007-05-02 万向钱潮股份有限公司 Preprocessing technology for processing integral key shaft
CN101439384B (en) * 2007-11-20 2011-03-23 神龙汽车有限公司 Technique for rolling multiple-variety multiple-station spline threaded shaft
EP2422898A1 (en) * 2010-08-30 2012-02-29 Politechnika Lubelska Method for plastic forming of toothed shafts

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CN103191964A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-07-10 西安交通大学 Servo direct-drive type incremental rolling forming process for cylindrical piece with teeth inside and outside
CN103230990A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-08-07 西安交通大学 Multidirectional composite vibration incremental type rolling and forming device and technology thereof
CN103752741A (en) * 2014-01-10 2014-04-30 西安交通大学 Method from a driving rotating shaft to feeding three die to roll to form screw element
CN103752741B (en) * 2014-01-10 2015-10-21 西安交通大学 A kind of method of active rotation axial feed three mould rolling forming screw element
CN113579138A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-11-02 福建恒劲科技有限公司 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) electric heating spline warm extrusion forming complete equipment and forming process
CN113579138B (en) * 2021-06-11 2023-02-28 福建恒劲科技有限公司 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) electric heating spline warm extrusion forming complete equipment and forming process
CN113996874A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-02-01 中机生产力促进中心 RPV main bolt external thread three-axis rolling processing parameter obtaining method
CN113996874B (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-09-06 中机生产力促进中心有限公司 RPV main bolt external thread three-axis rolling processing parameter obtaining method

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