CN102814349A

CN102814349A - Electro-plasticizing continuous extrusion molding processing technology of high-strength aluminum alloy

Info

Publication number: CN102814349A
Application number: CN2012100526234A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶艳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-02-22
Filing date: 2012-02-22
Publication date: 2012-12-12

Abstract

The invention relates to a new method for molding processing of a high-strength aluminum alloy, and belongs to the plasticity processing field. The method enables a pulse current to be applied to a deformation zone in the high-strength aluminum alloy extruding process to promote the improvement of the plasticity of the high-strength aluminum alloy and reduce the deformation resistance of the high-strength aluminum alloy to make the difficult-deformation high-strength aluminum alloy deform at normal temperature, so the heat treatment operations comprising device heating, annealing and the like are omitted. The pulse current can be directly applied to dislocation structures to promote the dislocation motion, so the affections of residual stress and processing hardening are reduced under the action of the pulse current, thereby the product surface quality is improved and the annealing operation is omitted. The reduction of the deformation resistance can effectively reduce the load acted on a die and reduce the temperature of the cavity material baffle block, so the service life and the production efficiency of the die are greatly improved, thereby the production cost is reduced. The surface quality and the mechanical performances of products are improved because of the pulse current, so rigorous performance requirements of the high-strength aluminum alloy of aerospace vehicles, high-speed trains and the like because of bad working environments are satisfied.

Description

The high strength alumin ium alloy electricity causes the continuously extruded forming and machining method of plasticising

Technical field

The present invention relates to the plastic working of non-ferrous metal, especially the high strength alumin ium alloy electricity causes the continuously extruded forming and machining method of plasticising.

Background technology

At present, traffic and transport field such as high-speed railway, Aero-Space has all proposed increasingly high requirement to raising speed and energy savings.Means of transport such as bullet train, aircraft all comes raising speed, cuts down the consumption of energy through alleviating deadweight.Therefore, light metal such as high strength alumin ium alloy more and more comes into one's own.Compare with legacy devices such as carbon steel, stainless steels, the one, its weight can alleviate 1/4～1/3, effectively improves speed, cuts down the consumption of energy; The 2nd, its antirust, anticorrosion being 20 years can be omitted the production processes such as rust cleaning of parts, has reduced parts production and working service cost, has improved parts total quality level; The 3rd, the parts that section bar is made are prone to reclaim, utilization more capable of circulation.Therefore, various high strength alumin ium alloy section bars, sheet material and bar etc. all has important use.

The manufacturing process that high strength alumin ium alloy is commonly used mainly contains drawing, hot forming, hydroforming and superplastic forming and heat of cooling shaping synchronously etc.But high strength alumin ium alloy room temperature formability is relatively poor, and resilience is big, is difficult to shape high strength alumin ium alloy with traditional cold stamping method.And hot forming has reduced its intensity.Hydroforming is difficult to the high strength alumin ium alloy that is shaped under the room temperature, so produced the thermohydraulic shaping again.Thermohydraulic is shaped and through the heating and cooling device mould and liquid heat is formed it to certain temperature exactly.But this method also exists hot formed deficiency, and complex equipments.The superplastic forming high strength alumin ium alloy that some additive methods can not be shaped that can be shaped, but superplastic forming descends part strength, and production efficiency is lower.Heat of cooling forming technology is to utilize metal under the condition of high temperature synchronously, and its plasticity and ductility increase sharply, and the characteristics that yield strength descends rapidly make the technology of sheet forming.Use this technology; Be with high strength alumin ium alloy heat tracing a period of time, make its even tissueization, then plate is moved into mould it is formed; Mould keeps room temperature; And inner one straight-through cooling water, the heat transfer between mould and the plate is cooled off plate fast just, to realize shaping and to quench synchronously.Shaping stress when this technology has reduced high strength alumin ium alloy and is shaped has greatly improved its formability, reaches very high intensity after it is shaped, and needn't increase extra quenching process after the shaping, greatly reduces process-cycle and production cost.The problem of formability difference when this forming technology had both solved the high strength alumin ium alloy cold forming solved the problem that ordinary hot is shaped intensity is reduced again, but this method forming technology is complicated, and cost is high, and efficient is low.

Continuously extruded shaping also is the important method that high strength alumin ium alloy is shaped and processes; But because high strength alumin ium alloy plasticity is low; Must adopt the continuously extruded method of heat, this not only can't overcome the hot formed deficiency of high strength alumin ium alloy, and general tool die material does not all allow long time continuous working at high temperature.And cold conditions add trade union bring nip load big with the material blocking block temperature drift, cause the cavity premature damage, reduced the service life of cavity, make the production cost rising.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned not enough problem,, can feed Pulse Electric Current with High Density in short-term in continuously extruded deformed area in order to realize this purpose; Utilize " electron wind " effect that Pulse Electric Current with High Density produced in short-term, promote the motion of dislocation, thereby increase the characteristic of plasticity (being called for short " electricity causes plasticising "), reduction drag; Process surface quality height, section bar, bar and sheet material etc. that comprehensive mechanical property is good, method is simple, simplifies technology; Raise the efficiency, excellent product performance, and can avoid extrusion load to increase and the material blocking block temperature drift; Improve the service life of cavity, reduce cost.

Because pulse current can directly act on dislocation structure; Promote dislocation motion; Therefore the high strength alumin ium alloy pulse current is handled the continuous extrusion forming method of plasticising; Both reduce the influence of aluminium alloy residual stress and work hardening, improved the surface quality of goods again, also removed heat treatment steps such as annealing from.And the continuously extruded forming and machining method that electricity causes plasticising is very low to the requirement of original blank, even can be powder body material.Another kind of manufacturing process---electricity is moulded drawing and have now, then requires blank must have certain intensity and toughness, cannot handle body of powder or as cast condition material.Simultaneously, the continuously extruded multiple profile that can be shaped goods.With common continuously extruded comparing, save power (having reduced resistance of deformation), energy-conservation, environmental protection, temperature rise is low, deformation force is low, has improved die life, improves the serviceability of goods simultaneously.Because this method can improve plasticity, reduce drag again, reduce loss, therefore, can enlarge product scope, improve production efficient (these two significant in enormous quantities, application market competition) mould.Runner heat take away at any time, short joule heating effect of burst length is not remarkable, therefore can effectively suppress temperature rise (improving plasticity and machinability simultaneously), not oxidation.In addition; The pulse current characteristic is different from common eddy-current heating and resistance heated, and the latter has utilized the ordinary hot effect of electric current to heat blank, reaches softener material; Save the purpose of distortion power; And the applied Pulse Electric Current with High Density in short-term of the present invention has " non-heat " effect, promptly directly acts on dislocation through the electron wind effect, promotes distortion of materials.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 high strength alumin ium alloy electricity causes the continuously extruded shaping processing of plasticising sketch map

1 boots seat, 2 compact wheels, 3 blanks, 4 material blocking blocks, 5 power supplys, 6 boots seats, 7 cavitys, 8 squeegee rollers

The specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1; Squeegee roller 8 in the driving lower edge of power the direction of arrow do circumference and rotatablely move; One approximate U type groove is arranged in the middle of the circumference of squeegee roller,, on the circumferential surface of squeegee roller, sealing block, cavity 7, material blocking block 4 are arranged in boots seat 1 the inside; Cavity 7 Surface Machining become with squeegee roller 8 surface of identical radian measure to be arranged, so in the groove of squeegee roller, just constituted seal area.Blank 3 is pressed in the groove of squeegee roller 8 through compact wheel 2; Under function of friction, delivered to the extrusion chamber 7 that the instrument by 1 li of squeegee roller 8 and boots seat constitutes continuously; In process, get into cavity 7 and arrive this interval of generation plastic deformation between the material blocking block 4 at blank 3, through lead pulse current is fed in the blank 3; Blank 3 is when moving in a circle; Owing to receive stopping of material blocking block 4, plastic deformation takes place to get in the distortion die cavity, be squeezed into through mould then and want the product that obtains.According to the needs of producing product, through processing different mould cavities, the multiple profile that can continuously extrudedly be shaped goods, like columniform bar, plate sheet material etc.

Claims

1. the high strength alumin ium alloy electricity causes the continuously extruded forming and machining method of plasticising, it is characterized in that promoting the raising of high strength alumin ium alloy plasticity through feeding a pulse current to the deformed area, reduces its resistance of deformation.

2. a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy electricity according to claim 1 causes the continuously extruded forming and machining method of plasticising, and it is characterized in that applied is a kind of Pulse Electric Current with High Density in short-term: the maximum current density of pulse current is 7.6 * 10 ³A/mm ²The time, the individual pulse current cycle is 10-1000 μ s, the total duration that pulse current is handled is no more than 8000 μ s.