CN102810769A - Ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna - Google Patents
Ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102810769A CN102810769A CN2012102694802A CN201210269480A CN102810769A CN 102810769 A CN102810769 A CN 102810769A CN 2012102694802 A CN2012102694802 A CN 2012102694802A CN 201210269480 A CN201210269480 A CN 201210269480A CN 102810769 A CN102810769 A CN 102810769A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna. The ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna comprises a bottom board, a plurality of antenna arrays, a plurality of impedance conversion units and a radio frequency connecting head, wherein the plurality of the antenna arrays are respectively arranged on the bottom board; the radio frequency connecting head is arranged on the bottom board and used for inputting or outputting a radio frequency signal; the plurality of antenna arrays are connected on the radio frequency connecting head by the plurality of the impedance conversion units which are divided into at least two stages; through the impedance conversion units, the equivalent impedance of the connecting part is 50ohms; the plurality of antenna arrays are uniformly distributed on the bottom board along one direction of the bottom board; and the distance among the antenna arrays is smaller than or equal to one half of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave received or emitted by the antenna. The ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna has the following beneficial effect: the gain is high and the band width is broad; and the multi-stage impedances are matched, so that the antenna does not need to be debugged in a large-scale production process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of radio frequency identification, more particularly, relate to a kind of ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial.
Background technology
Development along with technology of Internet of things; Radio frequency identification, promptly the RFID technology is being born the major function of information gathering as key technology in the technology of Internet of things; It is basic that the main flow of the RFID technology of uhf band is based on passive electronic label; Therefore read apart from aspect have certain bottleneck, particularly this when reading the high project of required distance to car networking etc., this technology can not satisfy application requirements.The RFID of uhf band mainly is made up of three parts: read write line, electronic tag, antenna.And present stage passive electronic label the potentiality that improve of sensitivity and read write line sensitivity little, will solve reading at a distance of uhf band RFID electronic tag at short notice can only set about from reading and writing device antenna.In the prior art, the gain of the antenna of read write line is lower, and its bandwidth is narrower, need debug it.So be badly in need of the vacancy that a kind of high-gain aerial that can produce in batches, need not to debug remedies inherent this field of industry.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, defective lower to the above-mentioned gain of prior art, that when producing in batches, need debug provides a kind of ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial higher, that when producing in batches, need not debug that gains.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial, comprise base plate, a plurality of antenna a period of time, a plurality of impedance conversions unit and radio frequency connector; Said a plurality of antenna a period of time is separately positioned on the said base plate, and said radio frequency connector is arranged on the said base plate and is used to input or output radiofrequency signal; Said a plurality of antenna a period of time is respectively through a plurality of and be divided at least that the impedance conversion unit of two-stage connects on said radio frequency connector; The every increase one-level in said impedance conversion unit makes antenna array subnumber order double; Said impedance conversion unit makes that the equiva lent impedance of its link is 50 ohm; The direction of said a plurality of antenna a period of time along said base plate is evenly distributed on the said base plate; The distance of said antenna between a period of time is less than or equal to that said antenna receives or the electromagnetic wavelength of emission half the.
Further; Be connected said radio frequency connector and the impedance conversion unit of said each antenna between a period of time is divided into two-stage at least; Said first order impedance conversion unit comprises at least two, and it is connected between the said antenna a period of time and the second impedance conversion unit; Impedance conversion unit, the said second level is connected between said first order impedance conversion unit and the said radio frequency connector.
Further, said impedance conversion unit comprises first coaxial line, first Connection Block, second coaxial line and second Connection Block, and said second Connection Block is connected with said first Connection Block through the inner wire of said second coaxial line; The outer conductor of said first coaxial line and second coaxial line is connected with base plate through its Connection Block that is connected; Said first Connection Block is connected with second Connection Block of even number antenna a period of time or another grade impedance conversion unit through the inner wire of many first coaxial lines.
Further, the equal in length that connects first coaxial line between each said antenna a period of time and said first Connection Block.
Further, the characteristic impedance of said first coaxial line is 50 ohm; The characteristic impedance of said second coaxial line is
, and wherein
is that its input impedance,
are its load impedance.
Further, said antenna a period of time comprises microstrip array that a plurality of setting heights of being separated by are stacked together; Microstrip array near said base plate is orlop microstrip array; Said orlop microstrip array is connected with said radio-frequency joint through said impedance conversion unit.
Further, all fix its position between each microstrip array on said orlop microstrip array and between said orlop microstrip array microstrip array and one deck above it through plastic stent.
Further, microstrip array that comprises is 3 layers said each antenna a period of time.
Further, the size in said antenna a period of time is 177mm*90mm*1mm, and the spacing in two antenna a period of time is 265mm, and said Antenna baseplate is of a size of 1000mm*200mm*3mm.
Further, also comprise process with fiberglass, be arranged on the said base plate and and be enclosed in the antenna casing in it said antenna a period of time.
The ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial of embodiment of the present invention; Has following beneficial effect: owing to adopt a plurality of antenna a period of time to be connected on the radio-frequency joint through the impedance conversion unit; The impedance conversion unit adopts multistage matching mode, and a plurality of antenna a period of time and connect make the gain of this antenna higher, broader bandwidth; Multistage impedance matching then makes this antenna when producing in batches, not need debugging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of said embodiment middle impedance converter unit;
Fig. 3 is the connection sketch map in antenna a period of time among the said embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the distribution schematic diagram of said each part of embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the standing wave curve of ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial among the said embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the gain diagram of ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial among the said embodiment.
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing that the embodiment of the invention is described further below.
As shown in Figure 1; In ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial embodiment of the present invention; This ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial comprises that a plurality of antenna a period of time 11, these antenna a period of time 11 are connected to radio frequency connector 17 through first order impedance conversion unit 18 and impedance conversion unit, the second level 16; Wherein, first order impedance conversion unit 18 comprises two at least, and each first order impedance conversion unit 18 is connected with a plurality of antenna a period of time 11 respectively and is connected with impedance conversion unit, the second level 16; Impedance conversion unit, the second level 16 also is connected with radio frequency connector 17, and radio frequency connector 17 is used to export the signal that signal that antenna receives or input aerial will be launched; In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned first impedance conversion unit 18 is two, and each first order impedance conversion unit 18 is connected with two antenna a period of time 11 respectively.In the present embodiment, the effect of above-mentioned first order impedance conversion unit 18 and impedance conversion unit, the second level 16 all is that the equiva lent impedance of the parts that make that it is connected is 50 ohm, and its structure roughly is identical, only is that the parts that connect have nothing in common with each other.In the present embodiment, the every increase one-level in impedance conversion unit makes antenna array subnumber order double, and antenna gain increases about 3dBi.See also Fig. 2, Fig. 2 shows the structure of each impedance conversion unit in the present embodiment, and in Fig. 2, the impedance conversion unit comprises first coaxial line 12, first Connection Block 13, second coaxial line 14 and second Connection Block 15; Wherein, first coaxial line 12 is connected with first Connection Block 13; Each first Connection Block 13 connects even number antenna a period of time 11 (for impedance conversion unit, the second level 16; What connect is second Connection Block 15 of first order impedance conversion unit 18; These second Connection Blocks 15 are even number equally); For example, 2,4,6,8 or the like, first Connection Block 13 is connected with second Connection Block 15 through second coaxial line 14; Second Connection Block of first order impedance conversion unit 18 is connected with first Connection Block of the impedance conversion unit of back one-level, and second Connection Block of impedance conversion unit, the second level 16 is connected to radio-frequency joint 17; The difference of above-mentioned first coaxial line 12, second coaxial line 14 is the impedances that take on a different character, and it forms impedance transformer network, is 50 ohm to realize last output impedance.In above-mentioned impedance conversion unit, the length of first coaxial line 12 in what impedance conversion unit of benevolence must equate that first coaxial line 12 in the promptly same impedance conversion unit is isometric.
In the present embodiment; See also Fig. 3; This antenna comprises base plate 10, and above-mentioned antenna a period of time 11, first order impedance conversion unit 18, the second impedance conversion unit 16 (each first order impedance conversion unit 18 and the second impedance conversion unit 16 comprise first coaxial line 12, first Connection Block 13, second coaxial line 14, second Connection Block 15 respectively) and radio-frequency joint 17 all are arranged on the above-mentioned base plate 10; Wherein, A plurality of antenna a period of time 11 along a direction of base plate (in the present embodiment; Specifically be the length direction along above-mentioned base plate 10) be evenly distributed on the base plate, the distance between antenna a period of time 11 is less than or equal to that this line receives or the electromagnetic wavelength of emission half the; In the present embodiment, antenna a period of time 11 is connected to impedance conversion unit, the second level 16 through first order impedance conversion unit 18, is connected to radio frequency connector 17 afterwards; Specifically; The inner wire of first coaxial line 12 of first order impedance conversion unit 18 is connected on its first Connection Block 13; Its first Connection Block 13 comprises two terminals, an inner wire that is used to connect above-mentioned first coaxial line 12, and another one is used to connect the outer conductor of above-mentioned first coaxial line 12; The terminals that connect the outer conductor of first coaxial line 12 also are connected with base plate 10, and this base plate 10 is conductors; Simultaneously; The structural similarity of the structure of second Connection Block 15 and first Connection Block 13; The terminals that comprise two insulation equally, terminals are used to connect the inner wire of coaxial line, and another terminals are used to connect the outer conductor of coaxial line equally and be connected with base plate 10; In the present embodiment, terminals of second Connection Block 15 of above-mentioned first order impedance conversion unit 18 are connected on first Connection Block 13 with inner wire through second coaxial line 14, and these terminals also are connected with impedance conversion unit, the second level 16; Another terminals of second Connection Block 15 are connected with the outer conductor of second coaxial line 14 and are connected to base plate.In the present embodiment, comprise two first order level impedance conversion unit 18, first Connection Block 13 of each first order impedance conversion unit 18 is connected with even number antenna a period of time 11 through the inner wire of many first coaxial lines 12; The number of first coaxial line 12 is corresponding to the number in antenna a period of time 11 of this first order impedance conversion unit connection, and promptly an antenna a period of time 11 uses one first coaxial line 12 to be connected to above-mentioned first Connection Block 13, and the equal in length of these first coaxial lines 12; And the inner wire that second Connection Block 15 passes through one second coaxial line 14 is connected with first Connection Block 13; The outer conductor of first coaxial line 12, second coaxial line 14 is connected with base plate through the Connection Block of its connection.
In the present embodiment, the characteristic impedance of first coaxial line 12 is 50 ohm; The characteristic impedance of second coaxial line 14 is
, and wherein
is input impedance and
of the network that constitutes of second coaxial line 14 or the circuit network that to be second coaxial line 14 constitute or the load impedance of circuit.
In the present embodiment; Impedance conversion unit, the second level 16 is one; Its second Connection Block 15 also is connected with first Connection Block 13 of this impedance conversion unit, second level 16 through second coaxial line 14; Its second Connection Block 15 also is connected to radio frequency connector 17 through 50 ohm of coaxial lines, and its first Connection Block 13 also is connected with first order impedance conversion unit 18 through first coaxial line 12.Basically, the structure and the connected mode of first order impedance conversion unit 18 and impedance conversion unit, the second level 16 are roughly the same in the present embodiment, but the parts of its connection are different, promptly in circuit, are in different positions in the identical unit of structure.
In the present embodiment, antenna a period of time 11 is made up of a plurality of setting heights of being separated by microstrip array stacked together (be referring to label among Fig. 4 111,112 and 113 parts); Be to have comprised a plurality of microstrip arrays each antenna a period of time 11, these microstrip array certain height of being separated by overlaps, and has air as medium it to be isolated between microstrip array (111,112,113); Between two microstrip array through plastic stent 114 fixing its positions and keep interval (comprise between each microstrip array (112,113) on orlop microstrip array 111, and between the microstrip array 112 of orlop microstrip array 111 and one deck above it) therebetween.Microstrip array near base plate is orlop microstrip array 111; Orlop microstrip array 111 is electrically connected with radio-frequency joint 17 through the impedance conversion unit.That is to say to have only near that microstrip array of base plate to be electrically connected not electrical connection between all the other each microstrip array with first Connection Block 13 of above-mentioned first order impedance conversion unit 18; And orlop microstrip array 111 is the end connections through the inner wire of first coaxial line 12; See also Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, microstrip array that each antenna a period of time comprises is 3 layers; In some cases, the number of plies of the microstrip array in above-mentioned each antenna a period of time also can be more or less.
In the present embodiment, the size in above-mentioned antenna a period of time 11 is 177mm*90mm*1mm, and the spacing in two antenna a period of time 11 is 265mm, and base plate is of a size of 1000mm*200mm*3mm.In addition, as shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned antenna also comprise process with fiberglass, be arranged on the base plate and with antenna a period of time 11 sealings antenna casing 19 within it; This shell 18 and base plate 10 are formed the space of a sealing, make other parts of antenna all be closed in wherein.Antenna casing 10 has adopted the technology of moulded glass steel, through the mould pressing process one-shot forming.The strong wave of fiberglass has effectively reduced the loss of aerial radiation in material, and glass-reinforced plastic material has advantages such as the intensity high-weatherability is good in addition, is adapted at using under the harsh climate environment.And the technology of mold pressing is compared the consistency that can effectively guarantee moulding with existing home built reinforced plastic glass fibre shell, and moulding is fast, can be mass-produced.
In a word, in the present embodiment, antenna a period of time of multilayer microstrip array design be upper strata, middle level microstrip array as director, director can launch bandwidth under the prerequisite that does not reduce gain, and improves gain through reduction orlop microstrip array.A period of time gain is relevant with length with a period of time width by but following formula predominant height is relevant with a period of time length, and therefore gain is relevant with highly, and promptly low highly more a period of time gain is high more under the equal conditions:
Wherein h is a material thickness; W is the width of paster; The dielectric constant of
baseplate material;
effective dielectric constant; G is gain; W is a period of time width; L is a period of time length;
is the wavelength on the microstrip line.
The major parameter of decision array antenna has four, unit number, cell position, element excitation amplitude and phase place.The group battle array mode that the present invention adopts is four array elements, employing be the linear array spread pattern, and be homophase between array element.
The lobe of array is E (
;
)=f (
;
) in the S formula; F (
;
) be unit battle array lobe; Be called for short element factor, array lobe that hence one can see that equals the product of unit battle array lobe and array factor.
In the present embodiment; Adopted the form of two-stage
/4 impedance transformers to launch the feeder line bandwidth; And feeder line adopts the form of coaxial line can effectively guarantee bandwidth and reduces feeder loss; And can prevent the adverse effect of feeder line to directional diagram; Adopt the mode of coaxial line feeder line can effectively reduce the error of being brought because of processing simultaneously, the length that only needs to guarantee the coaxial line feeder line can realize need not debugging after the assembling.
In the present embodiment in the son of giving an example, see also Fig. 4, in totally 4 of antenna a period of time 11, equidistance is installed on the base plate, the distance between antenna a period of time 11 satisfies and is less than or equal to the half the of wavelength.4 antenna a period of time 11 arrive the equal in length of first coaxial line 12 that connects between first Connection Block 13 of first order impedance conversion unit; Can effectively guarantee the phase place homophase between each array element like this; Thereby can play the effect of phase place stack, effectively improve antenna gain; Equally, the length of two first coaxial cables 12 between two of second level impedance conversion unit 16 first Connection Block 13 to second Connection Blocks 15 is also identical; In the present embodiment, the impedance of first coaxial line 12 of above-mentioned any one impedance conversion unit is 50 ohm, and the impedance of second coaxial line 14 is 35 ohm; Two 50 ohm first coaxial line 12 parallel connections, second coaxial line 14 through first Connection Block 13 and one 35 ohm is composed in series the one-level coupling.In the present embodiment, the outer conductor of all coaxial lines all is connected with base plate, and coaxial line adopts multistage matching mode, adopt the mode of coaxial feeding can effectively improve the beamwidth of antenna, and multistage matching mode can the broadening beamwidth of antenna.As shown in Figure 3.Just list in the present embodiment lifted antenna a period of time by 3 layers of microstrip arrays forms, the quantity in antenna a period of time be 4 situation under the other situation, continue to increase the microstrip array quantum count and can also further improve with coupling progression and gain and bandwidth.
In the present embodiment; Antenna a period of time 11 is made up of 3 layers of microstrip array; Orlop microstrip array 111 adopts the mode of probe feed to be connected with first coaxial line 12 of impedance conversion unit; Middle level and upper strata microstrip array (112,113) adopt plastic support 114 to be fixed on the sub top of above-mentioned orlop microstrip array respectively, at this moment three layers of microstrip array not conducting mutually on the direct current.Microstrip array in upper strata and intermediate layer serves as director and is used for regulating bandwidth, regulates antenna gain through the distance between adjustment bottom microstrip array and intermediate layer microstrip array.The gain in individual antenna a period of time is greater than 9.4dBi in the present embodiment.
As shown in Figure 5, between 1.1 ~ 1.45, the matching state of antenna is good at 860MHz-960MHz band limits standing internal wave for present embodiment.As shown in Figure 6, in the present embodiment, the maximum gain of antenna is 13.7dBi.The fundamental performance parameter that can recognize present embodiment thus is following: wherein frequency range is 860MHz ~ 960MHz, is applicable to global ultrahigh frequency RFID frequency range use; Frequency bandwidth is greater than 100MHz, and relative bandwidth is 11%, and comparing common microstrip antenna bandwidth is 5%, and it is many to be doubled; Gain reaches 13.7dBi, compare common microstrip antenna gain (8dBi) and improved 4dBi, so the performance boost that this antenna is compared existing product is tangible.
The above embodiment has only expressed several kinds of execution modes of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. a ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial is characterized in that, comprises base plate, a plurality of antenna a period of time, a plurality of impedance conversions unit and radio frequency connector; Said a plurality of antenna a period of time is separately positioned on the said base plate, and said radio frequency connector is arranged on the said base plate and is used to input or output radiofrequency signal; Said a plurality of antenna a period of time is respectively through a plurality of and be divided at least that the impedance conversion unit of two-stage connects on said radio frequency connector; The every increase one-level in said impedance conversion unit makes antenna array subnumber order double; Said impedance conversion unit makes that the equiva lent impedance of its link is 50 ohm; The direction of said a plurality of antenna a period of time along said base plate is evenly distributed on the said base plate; The distance of said antenna between a period of time is less than or equal to that said antenna receives or the electromagnetic wavelength of emission half the.
2. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Be connected said radio frequency connector and the impedance conversion unit of said each antenna between a period of time is divided into two-stage at least; Said first order impedance conversion unit comprises at least two, and it is connected between the said antenna a period of time and the second impedance conversion unit; Impedance conversion unit, the said second level is connected between said first order impedance conversion unit and the said radio frequency connector.
3. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said impedance conversion unit comprises first coaxial line, first Connection Block, second coaxial line and second Connection Block, and said second Connection Block is connected with said first Connection Block through the inner wire of said second coaxial line; The outer conductor of said first coaxial line and second coaxial line is connected with base plate through its Connection Block that is connected; Said first Connection Block is connected with second Connection Block of even number antenna a period of time or another grade impedance conversion unit through the inner wire of many first coaxial lines.
4. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 3 is characterized in that, connects the equal in length of first coaxial line between each said antenna a period of time and said first Connection Block.
5. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the characteristic impedance of said first coaxial line is 50 ohm; The characteristic impedance of said second coaxial line is
, and wherein
is that its input impedance,
are its load impedance.
6. according to any described ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that said antenna a period of time comprises microstrip array that a plurality of setting heights of being separated by are stacked together; Microstrip array near said base plate is orlop microstrip array; Said orlop microstrip array is connected with said radio-frequency joint through said impedance conversion unit.
7. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 6; It is characterized in that, all fix its position between each microstrip array on said orlop microstrip array and between said orlop microstrip array microstrip array and one deck above it through plastic stent.
8. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 7 is characterized in that, microstrip array that said each antenna a period of time comprises is 3 layers.
9. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the size in said antenna a period of time is 177mm*90mm*1mm, and the spacing in two antenna a period of time is 265mm, and said Antenna baseplate is of a size of 1000mm*200mm*3mm.
10. ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain aerial according to claim 9 is characterized in that, also comprise process with fiberglass, be arranged on the said base plate and and be enclosed in the antenna casing in it said antenna a period of time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102694802A CN102810769A (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102694802A CN102810769A (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103410401A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-27 | 章伟 | Intelligent security box, security control system adopting same and control method |
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| US20010007446A1 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2001-07-12 | Yoshihisa Amano | Feed circuit for array antenna |
| CN1736000A (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-02-15 | Ems技术公司 | Low-cost antenna array |
| CN201378631Y (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-01-06 | 成都九洲电子信息系统有限责任公司 | RFID directional antenna array |
| CN201515014U (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2010-06-23 | 海宁胜百信息科技有限公司 | High-gain microstrip array antenna |
| CN201523081U (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2010-07-07 | 海宁胜百信息科技有限公司 | 16-unit microstrip array antenna |
-
2012
- 2012-07-31 CN CN2012102694802A patent/CN102810769A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20010007446A1 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2001-07-12 | Yoshihisa Amano | Feed circuit for array antenna |
| CN1736000A (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-02-15 | Ems技术公司 | Low-cost antenna array |
| CN201378631Y (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-01-06 | 成都九洲电子信息系统有限责任公司 | RFID directional antenna array |
| CN201515014U (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2010-06-23 | 海宁胜百信息科技有限公司 | High-gain microstrip array antenna |
| CN201523081U (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2010-07-07 | 海宁胜百信息科技有限公司 | 16-unit microstrip array antenna |
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| CN103410401A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-27 | 章伟 | Intelligent security box, security control system adopting same and control method |
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Application publication date: 20121205 |