CN102809801A - Pneumatic type support system of primary mirror of astronomical telescope - Google Patents
Pneumatic type support system of primary mirror of astronomical telescope Download PDFInfo
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- CN102809801A CN102809801A CN2012102843281A CN201210284328A CN102809801A CN 102809801 A CN102809801 A CN 102809801A CN 2012102843281 A CN2012102843281 A CN 2012102843281A CN 201210284328 A CN201210284328 A CN 201210284328A CN 102809801 A CN102809801 A CN 102809801A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pneumatic type support system of a primary mirror of an astronomical telescope. The system comprises a pneumatic type force actuator system as a key member, wherein a force output end of the force actuator is linked with a mirror plane through a force sensor; the system is characterized in that the force actuator precisely outputs force by adopting a pneumatic theory. Gas pressures of the two ends of a piston in a cylinder are controlled by a control system through an electricity-air ratio valve according to a signal of the force fed back to the control system of the force sensor. The system comprises an ultralow friction cylinder, a high-precision electricity-air ratio valve and a force sensor closed loop; the size of the force output by the actuator is controlled precisely; the response frequency is up to 1HZ; and meanwhile a desired stroke range of the force sensor can be set; a larger force range can be achieved by setting up a pressure range of the air; and furthermore, the system can be used in an extremely severe environment such as the South Pole, and has low requirements on the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of support system of telescope primary mirror, be specifically related to a cover astronomical telescope primary mirror pneumatic type Active support system.Be mainly used in the astronomical telescope active optics minute surface support technology.Thin mirror surface or lightweight minute surface are carried out axial support and the active optics of minute surface face type is proofreaied and correct or the position adjustment.
Background technology
The active optics technology mainly is that the telescope minute surface is proofreaied and correct at the minute surface face shape error that manufacturing, installation, gravity field and thermograde etc. cause.Recent two decades comes, and the active optics technology has been widely used in terrestrial telescope.The active optics support system is one of present heavy caliber telescope key for design technology.And as essential elements-force actuator that active optics minute surface support system designs, all be one of emphasis of active optics technical research all the time.At present, China's main two kinds of forms of force actuator that research is adopted for the astronomical telescope active optics: electrodynamic mechanical type, piezoelectric type.The electrodynamic mechanical type force actuator is mainly realized linear displacement by the combination of stepper motor and ball screw; The accurate output of the bellows structure realizable force through compression spring or sealing, its physical construction are complicated, receive the influence of machinery inertial and drive motor; Frequency of operation generally is difficult to reach more than the 1Hz; When low temperature environment (like the South Pole) uses, to the higher requirement of the lubricated proposition of its kinematic train mechanical part, its reliability will seriously descend.The force actuator of piezoelectric type mainly is to be utilized in some dielectric inverse piezoelectric effect, promptly on the dielectric polarization direction, applies electric field, and these dielectrics can deform; After electric field removed, dielectric distortion disappeared thereupon, or was called electrostriction phenomena; Though have precision height, advantage that frequency is high; But be difficult to overcome the shortcoming of high heating and low stroke, for the environment such as the South Pole that energy consumption is restricted, it is used and also receives serious restriction.
Summary of the invention
Active support system for prior art telescope primary mirror; For fear of complex mechanical structure because of adopting the electrodynamic mechanical type force actuator to occur; Improve the response frequency of actuator power output simultaneously, overcome shortcomings such as the high energy consumption of piezoelectric type Active support, expensive and low stroke.The present invention proposes a kind of telescope primary mirror pneumatic type support scheme, and the pneumatic type force actuator that it adopts can realize that response is fast, and stroke is big, and characteristics such as control accuracy height also have characteristics such as energy consumption is low, low temperature resistant simultaneously.The pneumatic type support scheme of the telescope primary mirror Active support of this form more can be implemented in extreme environment uses down such as the South Pole.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of pneumatic type support system of astronomical telescope primary mirror; Key is to utilize a kind of pneumatic type force actuator; The power output terminal of this pneumatic type force actuator; Connect with minute surface through force transducer, it is characterized in that, the power output terminal of said force actuator is piston and the piston rod that is located in the cylinder; The output signal connected control system of described force transducer, this control system is controlled the said gaseous tension that is located at the piston two ends in the cylinder through electricity-empty proportioning valve, thus the accurate output of realizable force.Said pneumatic type force actuator utilize pneumatic principle, through electricity-empty proportioning valve, control the said gaseous tension that is located at the piston two ends in the cylinder by control system, the accurate output of realizable force, realization is to the support and the active correction of minute surface face type.
In the above technical scheme; The structure of said pneumatic type force actuator is: air compressor through electricity-empty proportioning valve respectively to the two ends air feed of said pneumatic type force actuator cylinder; The output of said force transducer connects the adjustment control system, and this adjustment control system connects the coil of said electricity-empty proportioning valve.
The pneumatic support scheme of primary mirror of the present invention has following prioritization scheme:
1, the cylinder of said force actuator adopts the ultra-low friction cylinder;
2, between the power output terminal and force transducer of described force actuator, be provided with overcurrent protection structure;
3, said force actuator adopts electricity-empty proportioning valve, and its concrete structure is: an end of electricity-empty proportioning valve, be provided with magnetic, and this magnetic outside is provided with coil, and the electric current in this coil is controlled by control system; Described magnetic is connected with the valve body inner spool; Three valve pistons on this spool are corresponding air intake opening and gas outlet respectively, and the air flue at piston two ends in the corresponding said force actuator cylinder.
In other words; The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: adopt the pneumatic type force actuator to realize the Active support of telescope minute surface, this type pneumatic type force actuator mainly is made up of ultra-low friction cylinder, force transducer, signal amplifier, electricity-empty proportioning valve, control system and air compressor etc.The structure of this system is extremely simple, does not almost have unit such as mechanical drive, need not to lubricate.Can prevent that cryogenic conditions is to the actuator Effect on Performance.Utilize pressurized air in cylinder two cavitys to the difference of cylinder piston pressure at both sides, overcome extremely low friction force after, thereby the realizable force actuator through control cylinder piston pressure at both sides size, is realized pulling force or the thrust of actuator to minute surface to the minute surface acting force.Utilize the compressibility of gas; Realize the function of electrodynamic mechanical type force actuator medi-spring; Because the hypersensitivity of the control of electricity-empty proportioning valve, and can carry out the compressed-air actuated pressure of cylinder piston both sides is controlled accurately, therefore can guarantee the height response and the high precision of force actuator power output; Adopt the diaphragm type cylinder of ultra-low friction, influence to control accuracy and energy consumption can reduce to rub.The control of electricity-empty proportioning valve is only needed the low-voltage of several volts, therefore, reduced energy consumption to a great extent.Guarantee under the constant situation of the air pressure difference of piston both sides at need, can the realizable force actuator shaft to bigger stroke.Extremely low to environment requirement, only need through the air that filtration with dry and get final product, so be implemented under the low temperature drying condition in the South Pole and use.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the method that adopts pneumatic type to support realizes that telescope primary mirror active optics supports, its force actuator relatively simple for structure, and the control accuracy of power output is high; Response speed is fast, and energy consumption is low, and quality is little; The stroke of force actuator is big; The range of adjustment of power is wide, and it is lower to environment requirement, and can under low temperature extreme environments such as the South Pole, use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1; The pneumatic type support system of astronomical telescope primary mirror; With reference to Fig. 1: the power output terminal 2 of pneumatic type force actuator, connect with minute surface 4 through force transducer 3, when air compressor through 7 pairs of cylinder 1 air feed of electricity-empty proportioning valve; Adjustment control system 8; When the acting force that makes the output signal of force transducer 3 feed back to control system 8 through signal amplifier 5 was zero, the input voltage of 8 pairs of electricity of control system this moment-empty proportioning valve 7 coils was a balanced voltage, its value (electricity-empty proportioning valve require input voltage signal value) between 0～10V.When needs force actuator during, increase the input voltage of control system, at this moment to electricity-empty proportioning valve 7 to the minute surface applied thrust; Electric current increases in the coil of electricity-empty proportioning valve 7, and magnetic strengthens, to the gravitation increasing of magnetic material; The spool of electricity-empty proportioning valve 7 moves right, its cavity V
4In the part gases at high pressure overflow vent flows out through the right side, make cylinder 1 cavity V
2Air pressure reduce and electricity-empty proportioning valve 7 left side cavity V
3The overflow vent at place is closed, and gets into cylinder 1 cavity V
1Air supply increase cavity V
1Interior air pressure increases, and the pressure that makes cylinder 1 piston V1 end is greater than piston V
2End, the thrust that causes cylinder 1 to produce to minute surface.Otherwise, when the needs force actuator applies pulling force to minute surface, reduce the input voltage of control system to electricity-empty proportioning valve 7; At this moment, electric current reduces in the coil of electricity-empty proportioning valve 7, and magnetic weakens; Gravitation to magnetic material 6 diminishes, and the spool of electricity-empty proportioning valve 7 is moved to the left, its cavity V
3In the part gases at high pressure overflow vent flows out through the left side, make cylinder 1 cavity V
1Air pressure reduce and electricity-empty proportioning valve 7 left side cavity V
4The overflow vent at place is closed, and gets into cylinder 1 cavity V
2Air supply increase cavity V
2Interior air pressure increases, and makes cylinder 1 piston V
2The pressure of end is greater than piston V
1End, the pulling force that causes cylinder 1 to produce to minute surface.In this process, the force value that need feed back to through signal amplifier 5 according to pressure transducer 3, progressively the input voltage value of adjustment electricity-empty proportioning valve 7 is processes of a closed-loop control, the power of minute surface is equaled the numerical value of requirement until actuator.
Claims (5)
1. the pneumatic type support system of an astronomical telescope primary mirror, the power output terminal of force actuator connects with minute surface through force transducer; It is characterized in that said force actuator adopts the pneumatic type force actuator, utilizes pneumatic principle; Pass through electricity-empty proportioning valve by control system; Control the said gaseous tension that is located at the piston two ends in the cylinder, the accurate output of realizable force realizes support and active correction to minute surface face type.
2. the pneumatic type support system of astronomical telescope primary mirror according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The structure of said pneumatic type force actuator is: air compressor through electricity-empty proportioning valve respectively to the two ends air feed of said pneumatic type force actuator cylinder; The output of said force transducer connects the adjustment control system, and this adjustment control system connects the coil of said electricity-empty proportioning valve.
3. the pneumatic type support system of astronomical telescope primary mirror according to claim 1; It is characterized in that;. the pneumatic type method for supporting of telescope primary mirror according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, between the power output terminal and force transducer of described force actuator, be provided with overcurrent protection structure.
4. the pneumatic type support system of astronomical telescope primary mirror according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the cylinder of said force actuator adopts the ultra-low friction cylinder.
5. according to the pneumatic type support system of the described astronomical telescope primary mirror of one of claim 1-4; It is characterized in that the concrete structure of said electricity-empty proportioning valve is: an end of electricity-empty proportioning valve is provided with magnetic; This magnetic outside is provided with coil, and the electric current in this coil is controlled by control system; Described magnetic is connected with the valve body inner spool; Three valve pistons on this spool are respectively. and the pneumatic type support system of astronomical telescope primary mirror 6. according to claim 5 is characterized in that the input voltage signal value of said electricity-empty proportioning valve is between 0～10V.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012102843281A CN102809801A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Pneumatic type support system of primary mirror of astronomical telescope |
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| CN2012102843281A CN102809801A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Pneumatic type support system of primary mirror of astronomical telescope |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323929A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Pneumatic device for supporting meniscus thin mirror surface |
| CN103341806A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-09 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Flexible supporting system for processing meniscus thin mirror surface |
| CN105259630A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A picture frame benchmark torus flatness detection supporting device |
| CN106989078A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-07-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical main mirror support hydraulic cylinder and its method that a kind of electromagnetism is oriented to |
| CN110109242A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-09 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Hydraulic trussing for primary mirror of astronomical telescope |
| CN110561406A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-12-13 | 华南理工大学 | Bionic person-oriented artificial muscle bidirectional driving mechanism |
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| CN2308096Y (en) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-02-17 | 中国科学院南京天文仪器研制中心 | Pneumatic power actuator |
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2012
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323929A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Pneumatic device for supporting meniscus thin mirror surface |
| CN103323929B (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-08-05 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Pneumatic device for supporting meniscus thin mirror surface |
| CN103341806A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-09 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Flexible supporting system for processing meniscus thin mirror surface |
| CN103341806B (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Flexible supporting system for processing meniscus thin mirror surface |
| CN105259630A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A picture frame benchmark torus flatness detection supporting device |
| CN106989078A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-07-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical main mirror support hydraulic cylinder and its method that a kind of electromagnetism is oriented to |
| CN106989078B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2018-05-08 | 中国矿业大学 | The optical main mirror support hydraulic cylinder and its method that a kind of electromagnetism is oriented to |
| CN110109242A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-09 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Hydraulic trussing for primary mirror of astronomical telescope |
| CN110109242B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2021-08-06 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Hydraulic truss system for primary mirror of astronomical telescope |
| CN110561406A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-12-13 | 华南理工大学 | Bionic person-oriented artificial muscle bidirectional driving mechanism |
| CN110561406B (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2022-10-25 | 华南理工大学 | Bionic person-oriented artificial muscle bidirectional driving mechanism |
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Application publication date: 20121205 |