CN102809768B - Intelligent tipping bucket type rain sensing device and working state monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent tipping bucket type rain sensing device and working state monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102809768B CN102809768B CN201210300022.0A CN201210300022A CN102809768B CN 102809768 B CN102809768 B CN 102809768B CN 201210300022 A CN201210300022 A CN 201210300022A CN 102809768 B CN102809768 B CN 102809768B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent tipping bucket type rain sensing device, which comprises a first sensor, at least one second sensor, a third sensor and a fourth sensor, wherein the first sensor is arranged outside a filter screen of a rain receiving opening and used for measuring water level change state data of rainwater in the rain receiving opening; at least one second sensor is arranged on the filter screen of the rain receiving opening and used for performing sectional measurement on data in a water level height range in the rain receiving opening; the third sensor is arranged at a water outlet of the rain receiving opening and triggered when the rainwater flows through the water outlet of the rain receiving opening; the fourth sensor is arranged on the inner wall of a top opening of a water guide funnel and used for measuring change data of the water level height of a high water level of the water guide funnel; and output ends of the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor and the fourth sensor are connected with a processing circuit of an acquirer. The working state of each component of the intelligent tipping bucket type rain sensing device can be monitored in real time. The invention also discloses a working state monitoring method of the intelligent tipping bucket type rain sensing device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in hydrometeorological field for measuring the sensor of nature rainfall amount, particularly tipping bucket rain gauge.The invention still further relates to the method for monitoring described intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device duty.
Background technology
Along with global climate constantly changes, Extreme Weather-climate Events increases increasingly, causes meteorological disaster occurrence probability to strengthen.
To this, China main cities and area, great rivers master stream etc. establish automatic weather station and hydrometric station, particularly in recent years, country increases again the preventing and controlling to middle and small river improvement and mountain flood and geological disaster, positive iterative method sets up remote measurement automatic weather station and hydrometric station in outlying unmanned area, its object is exactly to carry out early warning to the disaster such as mountain torrents, rubble flow, the work of preventing and reducing natural disasters is supported, thus ensure people's life and property safety further, for the development of economic construction provides strong support.
At present, in various weather monitoring station, usually adopt tipping bucket rain gauge to observe the change of rainfall amount, tipping bucket rain gauge also becomes the conventional sensors that China's Earth Surface Automatic Weather Station is equipped with.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of typical single tipping-bucket rainfall sensor structural representation.
As shown in the figure, it holds rain mouth 1 ＇ for Accumulated Rainwater, and bore is Φ 200 ± 0.6mm, holds rain mouth filter screen 2 ＇ and is used for filtering the foreign material in water; Hold rain mouth water delivering orifice 3 ＇ and the rainwater through filtering is injected diversion funnel 4 ＇; The rainwater entered carefully filters by diversion funnel filter screen 5 ＇; Rainwater is injected the small room of tipping bucket 6 ＇ by diversion funnel 4 ＇ by the mode of drainage; Tipping bucket 6 ＇ is for measuring rainfall amount; Permanent magnet steel 7 ＇ and tongue tube 8 ＇ is used for counting; Collector 9 ＇ is used for record analysis data.
The principle of work of single tipping-bucket rainfall sensor once is simply described below:
When precipitation occurs, the rainwater holding rain mouth 1 ＇ collection enters diversion funnel 4 ＇ by after strainer filtering through holding rain mouth water delivering orifice 3 ＇, then after diversion funnel filter screen 5 ＇ filters, inject metering tipping bucket 6 ＇.
Tipping bucket 6 ＇ is divided into two isometric triangle small rooms with engineering plastics injection mo(u)lding with central dividing plate.It is a mechanical bistable structure, and when a small room water receiving, another small room is in waiting status.When institute's water receiving volume reach predetermined value (tipping bucket of 0.2 be 6.28ml, 0.5 tipping bucket be 15.7ml, 1.0 tipping bucket be 31.4ml) time, because Action of Gravity Field makes oneself overturning, be in waiting status, another small room is in running order.
Tipping bucket sidewall is equipped with permanent magnet steel 7 ＇, and it, with inswept from tongue tube 8 ＇ during tipping bucket overturning, makes two tongue tube 8 ＇ break-makes on one side.Namely the every overturning of tipping bucket 6 ＇ once, and tongue tube 8 ＇ just sends a switching signal (pulse signal).Such tipping bucket stirs number of times magnet steel scanning tongue tube break-make and sends pulse count signal, often records a pulse signal, just represents its corresponding tipping bucket quantity of precipitation, records after statistics and is sent to data center, realize the object of precipitation remote measurement through collector 9 ＇.
Owing to being subject to natural environment influence, easily there is various fault in tipping bucket rain gauge.Though regularly safeguard, fault still occurs unavoidably, and these faults directly affect precision and the accuracy of rainfall record.Particularly started remote measurement weather station and the hydrometric station of foundation in recent years, major part is all arranged on the more severe place of physical environment, and affect very large by complex environment, fault happens occasionally especially.In addition, a lot of remote measurement research station is built up in exclusion area, lacks maintenance work throughout the year, and after rain sensor breaks down, maintainer is difficult to Timeliness coverage.
Generally, the fault of tipping bucket rain gauge mainly contains three major types:
But one is actually have rainfall data center to can not receive data, having of this situation may be because rain gage bucket holds rain mouth filter screen or water delivering orifice blocking, causes when the faults such as diversion funnel blockade, magnet steel lost efficacy, tongue tube damages, tipping bucket does not overturn, bonding wire comes off or signal wire breaks, the I/O mouth damage of collector occur.
Two is without precipitation but data center receives rainfall number, causes when the appearance of this situation is generally subject to environmental interference.
Timeliness coverage is difficult to when above two kinds of faults go out current systems.
Three be when hold rain make a slip of the tongue filter screen or water delivering orifice and half blocking of diversion funnel time fault occur after, maintainer almost cannot Timeliness coverage, need after cycle considerable time thoroughly blocks, maintainer just likely finds, between this kind of age at failure of appearance, the data that telemetry station is sent to data center likely can not reflect real rainfall intensity.This just have impact on the disasteies such as mountain torrents that system will reach or rubble flow occur before correct early warning.
For the fault likely occurred, main periodic maintenance and the fault of adopting is repaiied at present, and the remote gauged rainfall sensor of remote districts can only adopt fault to repair.
Therefore, the how duty of each ingredient of Real-Time Monitoring tipping bucket rain gauge is the anxious technical issues that need to address in this area.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device.This sensing device can the duty of each chief component of Real-Time Monitoring, maintenance mode is repaiied by traditional fault and transits to status maintenance, thus improve the reliability of data, can provide accurately for Meteorological Observation System, reliable observation data, provide important guarantee for improving national weather monitoring, forecast and prediction.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of work state monitoring method of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device.
In order to realize above-mentioned first object, the invention provides a kind of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device, comprising and holding Yu Kou, hold rain mouth filter screen, diversion funnel and collector, also comprising:
First sensor, holds outside rain mouth filter screen described in being located at, hold rainwater water position status delta data in rain mouth for measuring;
Second sensor, at least one, hold rain mouth filter screen described in being located at, hold for areal survey the scope that rain mouth middle water level liquid level falls into;
3rd sensor, holds rain mouth water outlet described in being located at, when holding rain mouth water delivering orifice described in rain flows through, this sensor is triggered;
Four-sensor, is located on the uncovered inwall of described diversion funnel, for measuring the delta data of diversion funnel high water stage place ponding liquid level;
The output terminal of described first sensor, the second sensor, the 3rd sensor, four-sensor is connected with the treatment circuit of described collector.
Preferably, described first sensor and four-sensor include and are parallel to each other and the first pole plate kept at a certain distance away and the second pole plate; Described first pole plate is connected with the treatment circuit of described collector with the output terminal of the second pole plate.
Preferably, the first pole plate of described first sensor and the second pole plate upwards to extend bottom rain mouth from described holding and to hold the outside of rain mouth filter screen described in being respectively in.
Preferably, the first pole plate of described four-sensor and the second pole plate are symmetrically arranged on the uncovered inwall of described diversion funnel.
Preferably, the quantity of described second sensor is multiple, and along short transverse described hold on rain mouth filter screen spaced apart.
Preferably, described in hold rain mouth water delivering orifice end be diagonal cut joint, described 3rd sensor is installed on described diagonal cut joint place.
Preferably, described second sensor and the 3rd sensor include and are positioned at the first electrode points in same level and the second electrode points; Described first electrode points is connected with the treatment circuit of the second electrode points with described collector.
For realizing above-mentioned second object, the invention provides a kind of work state monitoring method of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device, for monitoring the following duty of the intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device described in above-mentioned any one:
1) hold the unimpeded state of rain mouth water delivering orifice current, comprise the steps:
Step 1.1: described collector judges to hold in rain mouth whether there is ponding according to the measurement data of described first sensor and the second sensor;
Step 1.2: the upset number of times of described collector record tipping bucket in setting-up time, and by this numerical value compared with holding the maximum critical value of the non-ponding of rain mouth, judge that whether the upset number of times of tipping bucket is lower than described maximum critical value;
Step 1.3: if the judged result of described step 1.1 and step 1.2 is yes simultaneously, then can judge that holding rain mouth water delivering orifice blocks, and holds rain mouth water delivering orifice by described collector to data center's transmission and blocks report;
2) diversion funnel goes out water state, comprises the steps:
Step 2.1: according to the measurement data of described four-sensor, described collector judges whether diversion funnel is fully loaded with;
Step 2.2: the upset number of times of described collector record tipping bucket in setting-up time, and this numerical value is fully loaded with diversion funnel and in unimpeded situation in same time tipping bucket normal upset number of times compared with, judge that whether the upset number of times of tipping bucket is lower than described normal upset number of times;
Step 2.3: if the judged result of described step 2.1 and step 2.2 is yes simultaneously, then can judge that diversion funnel blocks, sends diversion funnel by described collector to data center and blocks report;
3) tipping bucket and tongue tube duty, comprise the steps:
Step 3.1: described collector judges real-time precipitation intensity according to the measurement data of described first sensor, and judge distribution and the ponding situation of holding rainwater in rain mouth according to the measurement data of described second sensor, and by precipitation intensity information and ponding situation reported data center;
Step 3.2: according to the measurement data of described 3rd sensor, described collector judges whether that rain passes through to hold rain mouth water delivering orifice;
Step 3.3: according to the measurement data of described four-sensor, described collector judges whether diversion funnel is fully loaded with;
Step 3.4: when described step 3.1 judges to hold in rain mouth to there is ponding, and the rainfall amount of precipitation intensity in setting-up time exceedes the minimum quantity of precipitation causing tipping bucket to overturn, simultaneously, the judgement rain of described step 3.2 is by holding rain mouth water delivering orifice, and described step 3.3 is when judging diversion funnel underload, if described tipping bucket does not overturn counting, then can judge that tipping bucket and tongue tube are not in normal operating conditions, send tipping bucket and tongue tube Trouble Report by described collector to data center.
Preferably, following extra torrential rain determining step is comprised:
Step 4.1: according to the measurement data of described first sensor and the second sensor, described collector judges whether the ponding held in rain mouth exceedes its upper limit of detection;
Step 4.2: according to the measurement data of described 3rd sensor, described collector judges whether that rain passes through to hold rain mouth water delivering orifice;
Step 4.3: according to the measurement data of described four-sensor, described collector judges whether diversion funnel is fully loaded with;
Step 4.4: if the judged result of step 4.1, step 4.2, step 4.3 is yes, and the upset number of times of described tipping bucket in setting-up time is when reaching allowed maximal value, can determine that rainfall is the extra torrential rain exceeding this rain sensor upper limit of detection, send extra torrential rain early warning report by described collector to data center.
Preferably, in setting-up time, when described 3rd sensor is triggered for the first time, described collector carries out record and the very first time reports to data center's transmission precipitation.
Intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the invention is provided with sensor at its each main building block, can carry out Real-Time Monitoring by these sensors to various duty.When working sensor state occurs abnormal, collector is according to the detection data of sensor, can analyze abnormal conditions and judge the potential faults that may occur, then judged result being reported to data center, arranging maintainer to process potential faults by data center.Thus provide ways and means for tipping bucket rain gauge realizes status maintenance.This makes the maintenance mode of rain sensor build from traditional fault and is raised to status maintenance, substantially increase the reliability of rain sensor, can provide accurately for meteorology and hydrology recording geometry, reliable observation data, for improving national weather and hydrologic monitoring, forecast and prediction provide important guarantee.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of typical single tipping-bucket rainfall sensor structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of first sensor described in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of the second sensor described in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is that the flow process of the work state monitoring method of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the present invention is always schemed.
In Fig. 1:
Hold rain mouth 1 ＇ to hold rain mouth filter screen 2 ＇ and hold rain mouth water delivering orifice 3 ＇ diversion funnel 4 ＇; Diversion funnel filter screen 5 ＇ tipping bucket 6 ＇ permanent magnet steel 7 ＇ tongue tube 8 ＇ collector 9 ＇
In Fig. 2-Fig. 4:
1. hold rain mouth 1-1. to hold rain mouth water delivering orifice 2. and hold rain mouth filter screen 3. diversion funnel 4. collector 5. first sensor 5-1. first pole plate 5-2. second pole plate 6. second sensor 6-1. first electrode points 6-2. second electrode points 7. the 3rd sensor 8. four-sensor 8-1. first pole plate 8-2. second pole plate
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the present invention.
In a kind of embodiment, intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the present invention, comprise and hold rain mouth 1, hold rain mouth filter screen 2, diversion funnel 3 and collector 4, relative to prior art, add first sensor 5, second sensor 6, the 3rd sensor 7 and four-sensor 8.
First sensor 5 is located to hold in rain mouth 1 and is held on rain mouth filter screen 2, for measuring the delta data holding rain mouth 1 water position status.
The quantity of the second sensor 6 is two (can arrange multiple according to demand), is located at and holds rain mouth filter screen 2, holds for areal survey the scope that rain mouth ponding liquid level falls into, and is namely mainly used in determining to hold rainwater in rain mouth and accumulates state.
3rd sensor 7 is located at and is held rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 place, when rain flow through hold rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 time, this sensor can be triggered.
Four-sensor 8, is located on the inwall of diversion funnel 3 open top, for measuring the delta data of diversion funnel high water stage place ponding liquid level.
Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of first sensor described in Fig. 2.
First sensor 5 comprises and being parallel to each other and the first pole plate 5-1 kept at a certain distance away and the second pole plate 5-2, and the first pole plate 5-1 is connected with the treatment circuit of collector 4 with the output terminal of the second pole plate 5-2; Structure and the first sensor 5 of four-sensor 8 are similar, adopt two embedded sheet metals to form the first pole plate 8-1 and the second pole plate 8-2, are used for detecting the liquid level of diversion funnel 3.
First pole plate 5-1 of first sensor 5 and the second pole plate 5-2 upwards extends to hold bottom rain mouth 1 and is respectively in the both sides of holding rain mouth filter screen 2, and the first pole plate 8-1 and the second pole plate 8-2 of four-sensor 8 are symmetrically arranged on the inwall of diversion funnel 3 open top.
Its principle of work is as follows:
If polar plate area is S(m
2), the spacing of two-plate is d (m), when capacitor dielectric constant is ε (F/M), the electric capacity of capacitor is the function forming two pole piece shapes of capacitor, size, mutual alignment and dielectric Constant, its capacitance Cx (F) is: Cx=ε S/d (1-1) is from formula (1-1), in S, d, ε tri-parameters, as long as keep wherein S, d these two constant, change ε and electric capacity Cx can be made to change.Therefore when there being precipitation to occur, hold first sensor in rain mouth also can change, and along with the change of precipitation intensity, cause the change of dielectric ε between pole plate, thus cause capacitance Cx to change, by capacitance change so that the change of rainfall amount can be calculated.
First sensor 5 and four-sensor 8 design according to capacitor theory, have that temperature stability is good, structure is simple, strong adaptability, dynamic response are fast, can realize the features such as untouchable measurement.
Please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of the second sensor described in Fig. 2.
Second sensor 6 comprises and is positioned at the first electrode points 6-1 in same level and the second electrode points 6-2, and the first electrode points 6-1 is connected with the treatment circuit of collector 4 with the second electrode points 6-2.
Second sensor 6 mainly utilizes the difference of the electric conductivity of air and water to carry out designing.By two of sensor conductive contact designs in same level, when this plane does not have rainwater (air), be high-impedance state.When this plane rain, be conducting state, have that structure is simple, output accuracy is higher, the feature such as linear and good stability.
The quantity of the second sensor 6 is two, along short transverse hold on rain mouth filter screen 2 spaced apart.Certainly, the quantity of the second sensor 6 can also be multiple, can according to holding rain mouth size, the requirement of measuring accuracy increases further or reduces.
The principle of work of the 3rd sensor 7 is identical with the second sensor 6, two conductive contact embeds and holds in the wall of rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1, and change the flat mouth of former water delivering orifice into 45 ° of tilt ports when designing, its fundamental purpose trace of precipitation can be pooled to lowest part (the 3rd sensor collection point) by dip plane drainage when initial rainfall to form first and drip, and then instills in the diversion funnel 3 below water delivering orifice.Therefore the 3rd sensor 7 can be judged to collect the first rain time of dripping in the very first time, and this is not available for other skip bucket rainfall sensor.
The sensor, all without the need to independent installation, directly can be embedded in screen pack and water delivering orifice, while production and processing screen pack and water delivering orifice, be processed at one time by injection moulding.
From the above mentioned, intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the present invention, holding rain mouth 1, hold rain mouth filter screen 2, hold in rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 and this four part of diversion funnel 3 and add four sensors mainly in original structure, for gathering the relevant information in these regions, so as to hold the whole region of rain mouth 1 and hold rain mouth 1, hold rain mouth filter screen 2, the state of the key points such as rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1, diversion funnel 3, tipping bucket and tongue tube of holding monitors.And by the system software in collector 4, analyzing and processing is carried out to the working state of system in various situation, draw corresponding conclusion.
There is following function:
1. the very first time identifies that precipitation occurs;
2. the distribution of rainwater in rain mouth is held in monitoring;
3. the unimpeded state of rain mouth water delivering orifice current is held in monitoring;
4. monitor diversion funnel to leak state;
5. monitor tipping bucket and tongue tube duty;
6. monitoring exceeds the extra torrential rain of this precipitation station sensor upper limit of detection.
In sum, this sensor integrates advanced computer technology, sensing technology and the communication technology, adopts modular design, has very high reliability under complex environment.Use this device can strengthen intellectuality, the reliability and stability of skip bucket rainfall sensor.
Above-mentioned intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device is only a kind of preferred version, is specifically not limited thereto, can makes pointed adjustment according to actual needs on this basis, thus obtain different embodiments.Because mode in the cards is more, just illustrate no longer one by one here.
Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is that the flow process of the work state monitoring method of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the present invention is always schemed.
Except above-mentioned intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device, the present invention also provides a kind of work state monitoring method of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device, for monitoring the duty of tipping bucket rain gauge mentioned above:
In setting-up time, when the 3rd sensor 7 is triggered for the first time, collector 4 carries out record and the very first time reports to data center's transmission precipitation, and specific implementation is as follows:
According to the principle of the 3rd sensor 7, return data is that high value represents precipitation does not occur, and low resistance indicates precipitation.Here represent with 0 and 1 respectively, 0 represents high value, and 1 represents low resistance.When rainfall occurs, precipitation collects by holding rain mouth 1, is pooled to lowest part and is formed by holding rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 dip plane drainage and first to drip, water droplet by the 3rd sensor 7 collection point, in the diversion funnel 3 then below instillation water delivering orifice.
When first drips by the 3rd sensor 7, the 3rd sensor 7 conducting, state changes, and becomes 1 from 0.When to receive the 3rd sensor 7 return data be 1 to collector, indicate that precipitation occurs, collector 4 carries out recording and sends the report of precipitation generation to data center, and when tipping bucket upset, the rain sensor not installing the 3rd sensor 7 additional only could judge that precipitation occurs.
1. hold the unimpeded state of rain mouth water delivering orifice current, comprise the steps:
Step 1.1: because field environment is severe, rain sensor is placed on field for a long time, hold rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 to be easy to be blocked by the impurity such as leaf, silt, once there is this situation, can judge to hold in rain mouth 1 whether there is ponding by collector according to the measurement data of first sensor 5 and the second sensor 6;
Step 1.2: record the upset number of times of tipping bucket in setting-up time by collector 4, and by this numerical value compared with holding the maximum critical value of the non-ponding of rain mouth 1, judge that whether the upset number of times of tipping bucket is lower than described maximum critical value;
Step 1.3: if the judged result of step 1.1 and step 1.2 is yes simultaneously, then can judge that holding rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 blocks, and holds rain mouth water delivering orifice block report by collector 4 to data center's transmission;
2. diversion funnel goes out water state and comprises the steps:
Step 2.1: from the structure of rain sensor, holds the water delivering orifice that rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 is greater than diversion funnel 3, and after precipitation continues to meet or exceed some strength a period of time, diversion funnel 3 is fully loaded with, when diversion funnel 3 full load can trigger four-sensor 8;
Step 2.2: record the upset number of times of tipping bucket in setting-up time by collector 4, and by fully loaded for this numerical value and diversion funnel 3 and in unimpeded situation in same time tipping bucket normal upset number of times compared with, judge that whether the upset number of times of tipping bucket is lower than described normal upset number of times;
Step 2.3: if the judged result of step 2.1 and step 2.2 is yes simultaneously, then can judge that diversion funnel 3 blocks, sends diversion funnel by collector 4 to data center and blocks report;
3. tipping bucket and tongue tube duty, comprise the steps:
Step 3.1: judge real-time precipitation intensity according to the measurement data of first sensor 5 by collector 4, and judge distribution and the ponding situation of holding rainwater in rain mouth 1 according to the measurement data of the second sensor 6, and by precipitation intensity information and ponding situation reported data center;
Specifically, when precipitation occurs, end is occurred to from precipitation, precipitation intensity is not unalterable, collector 4 is according to the change of first sensor 5 image data, corresponding to the data model in analysis software, the change of electric capacity is converted to the change of precipitation intensity, then in conjunction with the upset number of times of tipping bucket within the unit interval, judges real-time precipitation intensity thus.
When rainfall amount exceedes certain raininess, the water held in rain mouth 1 cannot be discharged by water delivering orifice in time, can form ponding holding in rain mouth in a period of time.And along with the difference of rainfall intensity, the distribution of holding rainwater in rain mouth 1 also can change thereupon.When precipitation occurs, the detection data of first sensor 5 change according to the difference of precipitation intensity, the level condition judged in conjunction with the second sensor 6 according to different precipitation intensities and the upset number of times of tipping bucket unit interval, judge distribution and the ponding situation of holding rainwater in rain mouth 1 with this.
Step 3.2: judge whether that rain passes through to hold rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 according to the measurement data of the 3rd sensor 7 by collector 4;
Step 3.3: judge whether diversion funnel 3 is fully loaded with according to the measurement data of four-sensor 8 by collector 4;
Step 3.4: when step 3.1 judges to hold in rain mouth 1 to there is ponding, and the rainfall amount of precipitation intensity in setting-up time exceedes the minimum quantity of precipitation causing tipping bucket to overturn, simultaneously, the judgement rain of step 3.2 is by holding rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1, and step 3.3 is when judging diversion funnel 3 underload, if tipping bucket does not overturn counting, then can judge that tipping bucket and tongue tube are not in normal operating conditions, send tipping bucket and tongue tube Trouble Report by collector 4 to data center.
Further, following extra torrential rain determining step is comprised:
Step 4.1: judge whether the ponding held in rain mouth 1 exceedes its upper limit of detection according to the measurement data of first sensor 5 and the second sensor 6 by collector 4;
Step 4.2: judge whether that rain passes through to hold rain mouth water delivering orifice 1-1 according to the measurement data of the 3rd sensor 7 by collector 4;
Step 4.3: judge whether diversion funnel 3 is fully loaded with according to the measurement data of four-sensor 8 by collector 4;
Step 4.4: if the judged result of step 4.1, step 4.2, step 4.3 is yes, and the upset number of times of tipping bucket in setting-up time is when reaching allowed maximal value, can determine that rainfall is the extra torrential rain exceeding this rain sensor upper limit of detection, send extra torrential rain early warning report by collector 4 to data center.
Above intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device provided by the present invention and work state monitoring method thereof are described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands core concept of the present invention for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device, comprises and holds Yu Kou, holds rain mouth filter screen, diversion funnel and collector, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
First sensor, holds described in being located at outside rain mouth filter screen, comprises and being parallel to each other and the first pole plate kept at a certain distance away and the second pole plate, holds rainwater water position status delta data in rain mouth for measuring;
Second sensor, at least one, hold rain mouth filter screen described in being located at, comprise and be positioned at the first electrode points in same level and the second electrode points, holds for areal survey the scope that rain mouth middle water level liquid level falls into;
3rd sensor, holds rain mouth water outlet described in being located at, comprise and be positioned at the first electrode points in same level and the second electrode points, when holding rain mouth water delivering orifice described in rain flows through, this sensor is triggered;
Four-sensor, is located on the uncovered inwall of described diversion funnel, comprises and being parallel to each other and the first pole plate kept at a certain distance away and the second pole plate, for measuring the delta data of diversion funnel high water stage place ponding liquid level;
First pole plate of described first sensor, four-sensor is connected with the treatment circuit of described collector with the output terminal of the second pole plate;
First electrode points of described second sensor, the 3rd sensor is connected with the treatment circuit of the second electrode points with described collector.
2. intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the first pole plate of described first sensor and the second pole plate upwards to extend bottom rain mouth from described holding and to hold the outside of rain mouth filter screen described in being respectively in.
3. intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the first pole plate of described four-sensor and the second pole plate are symmetrically arranged on the uncovered inwall of described diversion funnel.
4. intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of described second sensor is multiple, and along short transverse described hold on rain mouth filter screen spaced apart.
5. intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in hold rain mouth water delivering orifice end be diagonal cut joint, described 3rd sensor is installed on described diagonal cut joint place.
6. a work state monitoring method for intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device, for monitoring the following duty of the intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device described in any one of claim 1 to 5:
1) hold the unimpeded state of rain mouth water delivering orifice current, comprise the steps:
Step 1.1: described collector judges to hold in rain mouth whether there is ponding according to the measurement data of described first sensor and the second sensor;
Step 1.2: the upset number of times of described collector record tipping bucket in setting-up time, and by the upset number of times in setting-up time compared with holding the maximum critical value of the non-ponding of rain mouth, judge that whether the upset number of times of tipping bucket is lower than described maximum critical value;
Step 1.3: if the judged result of described step 1.1 and step 1.2 is yes simultaneously, then can judge that holding rain mouth water delivering orifice blocks, and holds rain mouth water delivering orifice by described collector to data center's transmission and blocks report;
2) diversion funnel goes out water state, comprises the steps:
Step 2.1: according to the measurement data of described four-sensor, described collector judges whether diversion funnel is fully loaded with;
Step 2.2: the upset number of times of described collector record tipping bucket in setting-up time, and the upset number of times in setting-up time is fully loaded with diversion funnel and in unimpeded situation in same time tipping bucket normal upset number of times compared with, judge that whether the upset number of times of tipping bucket is lower than described normal upset number of times;
Step 2.3: if the judged result of described step 2.1 and step 2.2 is yes simultaneously, then can judge that diversion funnel blocks, sends diversion funnel by described collector to data center and blocks report;
3) tipping bucket and tongue tube duty, comprise the steps:
Step 3.1: described collector judges real-time precipitation intensity according to the measurement data of described first sensor, and judge distribution and the ponding situation of holding rainwater in rain mouth according to the measurement data of described second sensor, and by precipitation intensity information and ponding situation reported data center;
Step 3.2: according to the measurement data of described 3rd sensor, described collector judges whether that rain passes through to hold rain mouth water delivering orifice;
Step 3.3: according to the measurement data of described four-sensor, described collector judges whether diversion funnel is fully loaded with;
Step 3.4: when described step 3.1 judges to hold in rain mouth to there is ponding, and the rainfall amount of precipitation intensity in setting-up time exceedes the minimum quantity of precipitation causing tipping bucket to overturn, simultaneously, the judgement rain of described step 3.2 is by holding rain mouth water delivering orifice, and described step 3.3 is when judging diversion funnel underload, if described tipping bucket does not overturn counting, then can judge that tipping bucket and tongue tube are not in normal operating conditions, send tipping bucket and tongue tube Trouble Report by described collector to data center.
7. the work state monitoring method of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprise extra torrential rain determining step further:
Step 4.1: according to the measurement data of described first sensor and the second sensor, described collector judges whether the ponding held in rain mouth exceedes its upper limit of detection;
Step 4.2: according to the measurement data of described 3rd sensor, described collector judges whether that rain passes through to hold rain mouth water delivering orifice;
Step 4.3: according to the measurement data of described four-sensor, described collector judges whether diversion funnel is fully loaded with;
Step 4.4: if the judged result of step 4.1, step 4.2, step 4.3 is yes, and the upset number of times of described tipping bucket in setting-up time is when reaching allowed maximal value, can determine that rainfall is the extra torrential rain exceeding rain sensor upper limit of detection, send extra torrential rain early warning report by described collector to data center.
8. the work state monitoring method of intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall sensing device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in setting-up time, when described 3rd sensor is triggered for the first time, described collector carries out record and the very first time reports to data center's transmission precipitation.
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| CN106769763A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of covering layer infiltration automatic data acquisition device controlled by PLC |
| CN109283599A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-29 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of round-the-clock anti-blocking rain gage bucket |
| CN109343156B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-12-15 | 安徽沃特水务科技有限公司 | Rain-proof amount report missing remote measurement terminal machine |
| CN111812749B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-12-21 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | High-precision rainfall detection device |
| CN112269219A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-26 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Fault diagnosis system and method for tipping bucket type rainfall sensor |
| CN114325881B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-05-31 | 甘肃省气象信息与技术装备保障中心 | Intelligent tipping bucket type rainfall monitoring system and measuring instrument |
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| CN101782662A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2010-07-21 | 张永立 | Tipping-bucket rain gauge with dual-steady state turning-board mechanism |
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Inventor after: Zhang Shaofu Inventor after: Fan Tongtang Inventor after: Li Jiancheng Inventor after: Chen Jianxue Inventor after: Li Chao Inventor before: Zhang Shaofu Inventor before: Fan Tongtang Inventor before: Li Jiancheng |