CN102807904A - Seed oil-compounded renewable diesel oil and compounding method thereof - Google Patents
Seed oil-compounded renewable diesel oil and compounding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses seed oil-compounded renewable diesel oil and a compounding method thereof. The seed oil-compounded renewable diesel oil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-80 percent of seed oil, 18-48 percent of a kinematic viscosity regulating agent and 0.01-2 percent of a cetane number adjusting agent. The seed oil-compounded renewable diesel oil disclosed by the invention has the advantages of better low-temperature performance, more sufficient combustion and high cleanness in discharge; and the compounding method is independent of fossil energy and can finish the preparation of the renewable diesel oil without a chemical reaction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biofuel and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil and preparation method thereof, applicable to seed oils such as manioca fruit, castor seeds, flaxseed, sunflower seeds, cottonseed, vegetable seed.
Background technology
Manioca (being commonly called as the little seeds of a tung oil tree, Jatropha curcas) is described as the diesel oil tree owing to its seed oil length is very high, be the first-selected plant resources of development biomass energy industry.In China, cultivation or semi-wild in Taiwan, ground such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hainan and Yunnan, distribution area is wider, aboundresources.
Being planted in of manioca just is in upstream phase on the industrial chain.Plant and to process that to refine into biofuel and realize selling be two important steps that industrial chain brings benefits after become living.Because at present to be processed into the cost of biofuel too high for the manioca seed oil, causes the manioca seed resource to can not find good outlet, this greatly influences and limits the Sustainable development of manioca industry.
Seed oil directly is that as the greatest problem of heating oil its viscosity of doing exercises is too high.Reach 52.76 mm like manioca seed oil kinematic viscosity
2/ s (30 ℃) is higher than general diesel oil 4～8 mm far away
2The scope of/s (30 ℃).
Have two methods to address this problem: the one, transform mover to adapt to the kinematic viscosity of vegetables oil; The 2nd, transform fuel to adapt to existing mover.Fuel only can burn in stationary engine in the first method, and this mover is difficult to reduce cost owing to output is few, and therefore, this method is not used basically.Usually adopt second method in the world; Wherein comprise two kinds of schemes again: the one, adopt transesterification reaction; Seed oil is converted into fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester; Its kinematic viscosity can drop to the suitable kinematic viscosity of fossil diesel fuel, and technical process is: seed → oven dry → oil expression → refining → esterification reaction of organic acid → separation → washing → drying → product.
The esterification course of processing is:
Above-mentioned reaction is a transesterification reaction, obtains biofuel (Biodiesel).Also there is other low-carbon alcohol instead of methanol of use to carry out transesterification reaction in the prior art, and catalyzer is improved, as substituting NaOH, to reduce NaOH corrosion on Equipment with solid alkali.Like the disclosed employing solid alkali of patent CN200810046195.8 (Mg-Al composite oxides) catalysis, carry out the method for preparing biodiesel by ester exchange with low-carbon alcohol and seed oil, open day is on 02 04th, 2009.
Biofuel cost through transesterify processing is about 1.5 times of present commercially available fossil diesel fuel; And trans-esterification processes also has environmental issue to need to solve; Therefore, the biofuel of this explained hereafter has no competitive power at present on market, be difficult to big area and promote the use of.
Another kind of scheme be adopt preheating or with the method for other fuel mix, reduce the kinematic viscosity of curcas oil.For example, Chinese patent number " 200410040099.4 " disclosed manioca biofuel mixture, open day is on 03 16th, 2005, it adopts is curcas oil and the mixing of diesel oil.Show that according to research the kinematic viscosity of curcas oil and diesel fuel mixtures descends along with the increase of diesel oil ratio significantly, and along with the rising of temperature, kinematic viscosity is decline further.It is very big to mix the amount that its diesel oil of diesel oil method mixes, and makes being applied in of curcas oil limited to a great extent, still relies on fossil energy, and does not have the characteristics of complete renewable energy source; Pre-heating mean then need increase preliminary heating device, is a no small input, has increased preparation cost.
Foregoing has mainly been explained and has been adopted curcas oil to prepare the present situation of diesel oil and the problem of existence thereof, adopts the present situation of other seed oil and the problem and the curcas oil of existence to prepare diesel oil type together, thereby no longer specifies here.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above that the preparation biofuel exists in the prior art; Composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil and preparation method thereof are provided; Renewable diesel low-temperature performance of the present invention is better, burning is abundant more, discharging is more cleaned; Preparation method does not rely on fossil energy, and just can accomplish the preparation of renewable diesel without chemical reaction yet.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite is characterized in that, comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 50～80%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 18～48%, cetane value adjustment agent 0.01～2%.
The present invention comprises that also weight percent is the cosolvent of the adjustment agent of 0.05～0.5% flash-point and 1～4%.
The index of said renewable diesel is: calorific value is-38911～-40900 J/g, and the density in the time of 20 ℃ is 0.81～0.83 g/cm
3, kinematic viscosity 3.00～4.60 mm
2/ s, 51～60 ℃ of flash-points, content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.003%, acid number 0.75 mgKOH/g, cetane value is not less than 45, copper corrosion (50
oC, 3 h) level is less than 1, and cold filter clogging temperature is-2～-6 ℃.
Said kinematic viscosity adjustment agent is the low-carbon (LC) alcohols, comprises that in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, the amylalcohol one or more are by arbitrary mixed.
Said cetane value adjustment agent forms by nitric ether, peroxy compound and oxalate diester are composite, and composite weight percent comprises: nitric ether 30～50%, peroxy compound 20～35%, oxalate diester 20～35%.
Said nitric ether is that in nitric acid butyl ester, isoamyl nitrate, 2-ethylhexyl nitric ether, fatty acid ethylene glycol nitric ether, glycol dinitrate and the cyclohexyl nitrate one or more are by arbitrary mixed; Said peroxy compound is a ditertiary butyl peroxide, 1, and one or more in 1-ditertiary butyl peroxide naphthenic hydrocarbon, 2,2-ditertiary butyl peroxide naphthenic hydrocarbon and the peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate are by arbitrary mixed; Said oxalate diester is that a kind of in dibutyl oxalate and the diisopentyl oxalate or two kinds are by arbitrary mixed.
Said flash-point adjustment agent is that in intermediate alcohols, intermediate ketone or the intermediate ether one or more are by arbitrary mixed.
Said cosolvent is that in THF, propyl carbinol, n-Octanol, isooctyl alcohol, acetone, sherwood oil, the high-grade aliphatic ester one or more are by arbitrary mixed.
The method of the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil is characterized in that, comprises following process step: a, in seed oil, adds kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
The present invention also comprises the step of seed oil being carried out solvent extraction, obtains main ingredient and be molecular weight less than 430 seed oil, the kinematic viscosity and the cetane value of seed oil is adjusted again.
In the said solvent extraction step, in being crushed to 60-80 purpose seeds, adding solid-to-liquid ratio is the solvent extraction agent of 1:1, leaches seed oil.
Said solvent extraction agent is that in acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol, butanols, the sherwood oil one or more are by arbitrary mixed.
In the said a step, in seed oil, add kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, add percentage composition again and be 1～4% cosolvent, solve the intermiscibility that seed oil and kinematic viscosity are adjusted agent.
The present invention also comprises the step of adjustment seed oil flash-point, is specially: add the flash-point adjustment agent of weight percent 0.05～0.5% in the seed oil after the adjustment cetane value, adjustment seed oil flash obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
The kinematic viscosity to 3.00 of said adjustment seed oil～4.60 mm
2/ s, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil is to being not less than 45, adjustment seed oil flash to 51～60 ℃.
Described complex process step is all carried out at normal temperatures.
Employing the invention has the advantages that:
One, to adopt weight percent be 50～80% seed oil in the present invention, and the main chemical compositions of plant seed oils is a triglyceride level, because its molecular weight is big; It is too big too low with cetane value directly to be subject to kinematic viscosity as diesel-fuel, and the present invention not have to adopt the technology of usually seed oil being carried out the chemical structure change, and soon seed oil and low-carbon alcohol are carried out the transesterify chemical reaction and reduced molecular weight; Thereby reduce its kinematic viscosity and improve cetane value; But directly utilize seed oil to process without any chemical reaction, and only do formula adjustment to its kinematic viscosity and cetane value, tooling cost is low; Very friendly to environment, can realize zero release.
Two, the present invention adopts kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 18～48%; Reduced the kinematic viscosity of seed oil, increased its flowability, if the amount of adding is lower than 18%; Then its kinematic viscosity value is higher than the normal viscosity value of No. 0 diesel oil; Mobile poor, if the amount of adding is higher than 48%, then can cause its fuel value, cetane value and flash-point value etc. all on the low side.Go to change the chemical structure of seed oil without chemical reaction, but reduce the kinematic viscosity of seed oil through simple physics mixing process, so energy consumption is low, technological process is simple, and seed oil is fully used, and no coupling product is discharged.
Three, among the present invention; Said kinematic viscosity adjustment agent is the low-carbon (LC) alcohols, comprises in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, the amylalcohol one or more by arbitrary mixed, and the low-carbon alcohol of being selected for use is reproducible raw material; Itself also be a kind of green fuel, chemical reaction do not take place with seed oil.
Four, the present invention comprises that also weight percent is 1～4% cosolvent; To solve the mutual solubility of seed oil and low-carbon alcohol; The add-on of cosolvent is to be confirmed by the equilibrium area that dissolves altogether of liquid liquid equilibrium; Molten altogether equilibrium area with definite seed oil that balances each other, low-carbon alcohol and cosolvent three has solved the intermiscibility of seed oil and kinematic viscosity adjustment agent.
Five, the present invention also provides the another kind of way that solves seed oil and low-carbon alcohol intermiscibility; Promptly seed is carried out the step of solvent extraction; Obtain main ingredient and be molecular weight less than 430 seed oil, this mode obtains seed oil and the low-carbon alcohol intermiscibility is better, need not add cosolvent.
Six, the present invention also comprises 0.01～2% cetane value adjustment agent; Make renewable diesel and No. 0 diesel-fuel cetane number of obtaining approaching, if its addition is less than 0.01% in the raw material, it is on the low side cetane value to occur; The sparking performance is bad, the problems such as discontinuous and detonation of burning; If the addition in the raw material is greater than 2%, it is incomplete fuel combustion to occur, and black smoke heavily waits problem, and the adding of cetane value adjustment agent improves the renewable diesel efficiency of combustion, sufficient combustion, and powerful, discharging reduces.
Seven, among the present invention; Said cetane value adjustment agent forms by nitric ether, peroxy compound and oxalate diester are composite, and composite weight percent comprises: nitric ether 30～50%, peroxy compound 20～35%; Oxalate diester 20～35%; Composite cetane value adjustment agent can reach collaborative effect efficiently, and promptly addition is little, and the effect effect that improves cetane value is big.
Eight, the present invention also comprises 0.05～0.5% flash-point adjustment agent, and oil product is deposited and the Transport Safety raising, is lower than 0.05% if add in the raw material, and then its flash-point is on the low side, and security is relatively poor; Be higher than 0.5% if add, then cause waste, also can influence other index.
Nine, among the present invention, the index of said renewable diesel is: calorific value is-38911～-40900 J/g, and the density in the time of 20 ℃ is 0.81～0.83 g/cm
3, kinematic viscosity 3.00～4.60 mm
2/ s, 51～60 ℃ of flash-points, content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.003%, acid number 0.75 mgKOH/g, cetane value is not less than 45, copper corrosion (50
oC 3 h) level is less than 1, and cold filter clogging temperature be-2～-6 ℃, and composite renewable diesel has and No. 0 close performance of diesel oil, and some index also is superior to diesel oil No. 0, and, burning better like low-temperature performance more fully, discharging more cleans etc.
Ten, the present invention includes following process step: a, adding kinematic viscosity adjustment agent in seed oil, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index; Production technique does not relate to any chemical reaction process, so technological process is simple, and production cost is low; Can realize the profit sale; Energy consumption is low, and is very friendly to environment, can realize zero release.
11, the present invention adjusts kinematic viscosity earlier; Can confirm the main body composition (weight percent is greater than 95%) of renewable diesel; Significant parameter (saponification value, iodine number and density measurement) to main body is formed is measured; And go out the cetane value that main body is formed according to its parametric measurement value prediction, and can more accurately add cetane value adjustment agent according to its predictor, make the renewable diesel that obtains close with the fossil diesel fuel performance.
12, the kinematic viscosity to 3.00 of adjustment seed oil according to the invention～4.60 mm
2/ s, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil is to being not less than 45, adjustment seed oil flash to 51～60 ℃; Its main set(ting)value has reached requirement, the combustion test of contrast renewable diesel of the present invention and No. 0 diesel oil on oil motor, and test-results shows; The dynamic performance of renewable diesel and No. 0 diesel oil is suitable, and the renewable diesel burning does not almost have black smoke and discharges fully; Detect discharging smog with filter paper, No. 0 diesel oil makes the filter paper blackening, and renewable diesel almost makes filter paper not have variable color.
13, complex process step of the present invention is all carried out at normal temperatures, can reach energy-conservation, zero release, need not the main equipment input, lacks so production capital takies, and is with short production cycle, and labour cost and place take few, can realize the production and sales of gaining.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 50, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 48%, cetane value adjustment agent 2%.
The index of said renewable diesel is: calorific value is-38911～-40900 J/g, and the density in the time of 20 ℃ is 0.81～0.83 g/cm
3, kinematic viscosity 3.00～4.60 mm
2/ s, content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.003%, acid number 0.75 mgKOH/g, cetane value is not less than 45, copper corrosion (50
oC, 3 h) level is less than 1, and cold filter clogging temperature is-2～-6 ℃.
Said kinematic viscosity adjustment agent is the low-carbon (LC) alcohols, is preferably to comprise a kind of in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, the amylalcohol.
Said cetane value adjustment agent is preferably by nitric ether, peroxy compound and oxalate diester are composite and forms, and composite weight percent comprises: nitric ether 30%, peroxy compound 35%, oxalate diester 35%.
Said nitric ether is preferably a kind of in nitric acid butyl ester, isoamyl nitrate, 2-ethylhexyl nitric ether, fatty acid ethylene glycol nitric ether and the cyclohexyl nitrate; Said peroxy compound is preferably ditertiary butyl peroxide, 1, a kind of in 1-ditertiary butyl peroxide naphthenic hydrocarbon, 2,2-ditertiary butyl peroxide naphthenic hydrocarbon and the peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate; Said oxalate diester is preferably a kind of in dibutyl oxalate and the diisopentyl oxalate.
The method of the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil comprises following process step: a, in seed oil, adds kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
The present invention also comprises the step of seed oil being carried out solvent extraction, obtains main ingredient and be molecular weight less than 430 seed oil, the kinematic viscosity and the cetane value of seed oil is adjusted again.
In the said solvent extraction step, in being crushed to 60 purpose seeds, adding solid-to-liquid ratio is the solvent extraction agent of 1:1, leaches seed oil.
Solvent extraction agent among the present invention is preferably a kind of in acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol, butanols, the sherwood oil, but is not limited thereto.
Among the present invention, the kinematic viscosity to 3.00 of said adjustment seed oil～4.60 mm
2/ s, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil is to being not less than 45.
Complex process step of the present invention is all carried out at normal temperatures.Applicable to seed oils such as manioca fruit, castor seeds, flaxseed, sunflower seeds, cottonseed, vegetable seed.
Embodiment 2
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 80%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 19.99%, cetane value adjustment agent 0.01%.
The index of said renewable diesel is: calorific value is-38911～-40900 J/g, and the density in the time of 20 ℃ is 0.81～0.83 g/cm
3, kinematic viscosity 3.00～4.60 mm
2/ s, content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.003%, acid number 0.75 mgKOH/g, cetane value is not less than 45, copper corrosion (50
oC, 3 h) level is less than 1, and cold filter clogging temperature is-2～-6 ℃.
Said kinematic viscosity adjustment agent is the low-carbon (LC) alcohols, comprises multiple by arbitrary mixed in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, the amylalcohol.
Said cetane value adjustment agent forms by nitric ether, peroxy compound and oxalate diester are composite, and composite weight percent comprises: nitric ether 50%, peroxy compound 25%, oxalate diester 25%.
Said nitric ether is multiple by arbitrary mixed in nitric acid butyl ester, isoamyl nitrate, 2-ethylhexyl nitric ether, fatty acid ethylene glycol nitric ether and the cyclohexyl nitrate; Said peroxy compound is a ditertiary butyl peroxide, 1, multiple by arbitrary mixed in 1-ditertiary butyl peroxide naphthenic hydrocarbon, 2,2-ditertiary butyl peroxide naphthenic hydrocarbon and the peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate; Said oxalate diester is that dibutyl oxalate and diisopentyl oxalate are by arbitrary mixed.
The method of the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil comprises following process step: a, in seed oil, adds kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
The present invention also comprises the step of seed oil being carried out solvent extraction, obtains main ingredient and be molecular weight less than 430 seed oil, the kinematic viscosity and the cetane value of seed oil is adjusted again.Can remove the bigger materials such as colloid of molecular weight that influence intermiscibility in the seed oil through solvent extraction.The seed oil composition of solvent extraction is purer, component is more concentrated, can improve liquidity, and also can improve the intermiscibility with alcohol.
In the said solvent extraction step, in being crushed to 80 purpose seeds, adding solid-to-liquid ratio is the solvent extraction agent of 1:1, leaches seed oil.
Preferably, said solvent extraction agent is multiple by arbitrary mixed in acetone, methyl alcohol, ethanol, butanols, the sherwood oil.
The kinematic viscosity to 3.00 of said adjustment seed oil～4.60 mm
2/ s, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil is to being not less than 45.
Described complex process step is all carried out at normal temperatures.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment and the foregoing description are basic identical, and the key distinction is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 65%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 34%, cetane value adjustment agent 1%.
Said cetane value adjustment agent forms by nitric ether, peroxy compound and oxalate diester are composite, and composite weight percent comprises: nitric ether 50%, peroxy compound 20%, oxalate diester 30%.
The method of the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil comprises following process step: a, in seed oil, adds kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
In the said solvent extraction step, in being crushed to 70 purpose seeds, adding solid-to-liquid ratio is the solvent extraction agent of 1:1, leaches seed oil.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiment and the foregoing description are basic identical, and the key distinction is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 80%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 18%, cetane value adjustment agent 1.95%, flash-point adjustment agent 0.05.
The index of said renewable diesel is: calorific value is-38911～-40900 J/g, and the density in the time of 20 ℃ is 0.81～0.83 g/cm
3, kinematic viscosity 3.00～4.60 mm
2/ s, 51～60 ℃ of flash-points, content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.003%, acid number 0.75 mgKOH/g, cetane value is not less than 45, copper corrosion (50
oC, 3 h) level is less than 1, and cold filter clogging temperature is-2～-6 ℃.
Said cetane value adjustment agent forms by nitric ether, peroxy compound and oxalate diester are composite, and composite weight percent comprises: nitric ether 45%, peroxy compound 35%, oxalate diester 20%.
Flash-point according to the invention adjustment agent is preferably a kind of in intermediate alcohols, intermediate ketone or the intermediate ether, and this is for preferred but be not limited thereto.
For example, intermediate alcohols can be n-hexyl alcohol, n-Octanol, secondary octanol etc., and intermediate ketone can be 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, methyl-n-butyl ketone etc., and intermediate ether can be n-butyl ether, n-amylether, butyl amyl ether etc.
The method of the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil comprises following process step: a, in seed oil, adds kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity; The cetane value of adjustment seed oil; Add flash-point adjustment agent in c, the seed oil after the adjustment cetane value, adjustment seed oil flash obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
The present invention also comprises the step of seed oil being carried out solvent extraction, obtains main ingredient and be molecular weight less than 430 seed oil, the kinematic viscosity and the cetane value of seed oil is adjusted again.
In the said solvent extraction step, in being crushed to 65 purpose seeds, adding solid-to-liquid ratio is the solvent extraction agent of 1:1, leaches seed oil.
The kinematic viscosity to 3.00 of said adjustment seed oil～4.60 mm
2/ s, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil is to being not less than 45, adjustment seed oil flash to 51～60 ℃.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiment and the foregoing description are basic identical, and the key distinction is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 60%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 38%, cetane value adjustment agent 1.5%, flash-point adjustment agent 0.5%.
Flash-point described in the present invention adjustment agent is multiple by arbitrary mixed in intermediate alcohols, intermediate ketone or the intermediate ether.
Embodiment 6
Present embodiment and the foregoing description are basic identical, and the key distinction is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite is characterized in that, comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 60%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 39%, cetane value adjustment agent 0.9%, flash-point adjustment agent 0.1%.
Embodiment 7
The key distinction of present embodiment and the foregoing description is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 80%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 18%, cetane value adjustment agent 0.5%, flash-point adjustment agent 0.5%, cosolvent 1%.
Cosolvent described in the present invention is a kind of in THF, propyl carbinol, n-Octanol, isooctyl alcohol, acetone, sherwood oil, the high-grade aliphatic ester.
The method of the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil; Comprise following process step: a, in seed oil, add kinematic viscosity adjustment agent; The kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cosolvent again, solve the intermiscibility of seed oil and kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, reach the purpose of the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity; The cetane value of adjustment seed oil; Add flash-point adjustment agent in c, the seed oil after the adjustment cetane value, adjustment seed oil flash obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
In the present embodiment, measuring seed oil kinematic viscosity, is benchmark with the viscosity number of No. 0 diesel oil, confirms to add the amount of kinematic viscosity adjustment agent.Its cetane value of density estimation with acid number, iodine number and the oleyl alcohol of seed oil after composite, and the addition of definite cetane number improver.With No. 0 diesel-fuel flash point is benchmark, confirms to add the amount of flash-point adjustment agent.Measuring method all can adopt method of the prior art.
In the present embodiment, add cosolvent and impel the mutual solubility of seed oil and low-carbon alcohol to increase.
Embodiment 8
The key distinction of present embodiment and the foregoing description is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 54%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 40%, cetane value adjustment agent 1.5%, flash-point adjustment agent 0.5%, cosolvent 4%.
Said cosolvent be in THF, propyl carbinol, n-Octanol, isooctyl alcohol, acetone, sherwood oil, the high-grade aliphatic ester two or more by arbitrary mixed.
Seed oil in the present embodiment is the seed oil that after filtering is handled, does not contain the visible impurity of suspension.
Embodiment 9
The key distinction of present embodiment and the foregoing description is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 66%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 30%, cetane value adjustment agent 1.9%, flash-point adjustment agent 0.1%, cosolvent 2%.
Embodiment 10
The key distinction of present embodiment and the foregoing description is:
The renewable diesel that a kind of seed oil is composite comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 70%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 24%, cetane value adjustment agent 2%, cosolvent 4%.
The method of the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil comprises following process step: a, in seed oil, adds kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, adds the intermiscibility that cosolvent solves seed oil and kinematic viscosity adjustment agent again, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
Embodiment 11
Renewable diesel of the present invention and No. 0 diesel oil contrast tabulation be (with No. 0 diesel oil contrast) as follows:
| Oil sample | Density/g.cm -3 | The combustion heat/J.g -1 | Viscosity/mm 2.s -1 | Acid number/mgKOH.g -1 |
| No. 0 diesel oil | 0.84 | -39240 | 4.3 | 0.53 |
| The composite oil of manioca | 0.80～0.82 | -30741～-38911 | 3.0～4.5 | 0.75 |
Continuous table
| Oil sample | The copper corrosion rank | Mechanical impurity/wt% | Cetane value | Flash-point (opening)/℃ |
| No. 0 diesel oil | ＜1 | 0.002 | ≥45 | 67 |
| The composite oil of manioca | ＜1 | 0.003 | ≥45 | 40（60 ＃） |
# adds the flash-point value after the flash-point adjustment agent
Present embodiment has also carried out oil consumption and emission testing on single cylinder diesel, under same rotating speed, the oil consumption of No. 0 diesel oil is 0.297 L/h, and the oil consumption of the composite oil of manioca is 0.344 L/h.Range estimation discharging during No. 0 diesel combustion, has tangible black smog, and during the composite oil firing of manioca, does not have visible black smoke generation.With the filter paper test, in the identical time, No. 0 diesel combustion smog makes the filter paper blackening, and the composite oil firing discharging of manioca can not make the filter paper blackening.
The principal feature that can draw the composite renewable diesel of curcas oil from above embodiment is: without any chemical reaction or chemical reaction operation; With the manioca seed oil is principal constituent; Through composite courses of processing such as adjustment kinematic viscosity, cetane value and flash-points, obtain each item index and No. 0 proximate renewable diesel of diesel oil.The course of processing can reach zero release, thereby environmentally friendly.Because tooling cost of the present invention is lower than esterification (or ethyl esterization) biofuel, production process is simple, and no main equipment input, the occupation of capital are few etc., so the purpose of the sales promotion that can realize gaining.Raw materials used principal constituent is a renewable raw materials, thereby it has recyclability.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the renewable diesel that seed oil is composite is characterized in that, comprises following raw materials by weight percent: seed oil 50～80%, kinematic viscosity adjustment agent 18～48%, cetane value adjustment agent 0.01～2%.
2. the composite renewable diesel of seed oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise that also weight percent is the cosolvent of the adjustment agent of 0.05～0.5% flash-point and 1～4%.
3. the composite renewable diesel of seed oil according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the index of said renewable diesel is: calorific value is-38911～-40900 J/g, the density in the time of 20 ℃ is 0.81～0.83 g/cm
3, kinematic viscosity 3.00～4.60 mm
2/ s, 51～60 ℃ of flash-points, content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.003%, acid number 0.75 mgKOH/g, cetane value is not less than 45,50
oThe copper corrosion level is less than 1 under the condition of corrosion 3 h under the C, and cold filter clogging temperature is-2～-6 ℃.
4. according to claim 1, the composite renewable diesel of 2 or 3 described seed oils, it is characterized in that: said kinematic viscosity adjustment agent is the low-carbon (LC) alcohols, comprises that in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, the amylalcohol one or more are by arbitrary mixed.
5. the composite renewable diesel of seed oil according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said cetane value adjustment agent forms by nitric ether, peroxy compound and oxalate diester are composite; Composite weight percent comprises: nitric ether 30～50%; Peroxy compound 20～35%, oxalate diester 20～35%.
6. the composite renewable diesel of seed oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said flash-point adjustment agent is that in intermediate alcohols, intermediate ketone or the intermediate ether one or more are by arbitrary mixed.
7. according to claim 2 or the composite renewable diesel of 6 described seed oils, it is characterized in that: said cosolvent is that in THF, propyl carbinol, n-Octanol, isooctyl alcohol, acetone, sherwood oil, the high-grade aliphatic ester one or more are by arbitrary mixed.
8. the method for the composite renewable diesel of seed oil is characterized in that, comprises following process step: a, in seed oil, adds kinematic viscosity adjustment agent, the kinematic viscosity of adjustment seed oil; Add cetane value adjustment agent in b, the seed oil after adjustment kinematic viscosity, the cetane value of adjustment seed oil obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
9. the method for the composite renewable diesel of a kind of seed oil according to claim 8; It is characterized in that: also comprise the step of seed oil being carried out solvent extraction; Obtain main ingredient and be molecular weight less than 430 seed oil, again the kinematic viscosity and the cetane value of seed oil are adjusted.
10. according to Claim 8 or the method for the composite renewable diesel of 9 described a kind of seed oils; It is characterized in that: the step that also comprises adjustment seed oil flash-point; Be specially: the flash-point adjustment agent that adds weight percent 0.05～0.5% in the seed oil after the adjustment cetane value; Adjustment seed oil flash obtains and No. 0 close renewable diesel of diesel oil index.
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