CN102803182A

CN102803182A - Method for producing a heat transfer medium and heat transfer medium

Info

Publication number: CN102803182A
Application number: CN2010800427219A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·魏斯; A·劳尔
Original assignee: Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Current assignee: Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Priority date: 2009-08-04
Filing date: 2010-08-03
Publication date: 2012-11-28
Also published as: EP2462082A1; DE102009026322A1; WO2011015571A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a heat transfer medium comprising molded parts having or bounding channels and made of ceramic material. In order to ensure good heat transfer and simple production, the invention proposes that preforms are made from paper comprising at least cellulose fibers and at least one filler material, and the paper preforms are then carbonized for forming the molded parts or segments thereof.

Description

The method and the heat exchanger that prepare heat exchanger

The present invention relates to prepare the method for heat exchanger, this heat exchanger is particularly including the moulded piece of being processed by stupalith, have or define guiding fluidic passage.In addition, the invention still further relates to heat exchanger, this heat exchanger comprise process by stupalith, particularly have or limit out moulded piece, particularly heat exchanger such as the crossflow heat exchanger or a rectifying device of guiding fluidic passage.

Known a kind of heat exchanger from DE-C-13933426, it is made up of the ceramic die product.This ceramic die product is assembled before roasting, and interconnects through this roasting.

Heat exchanger is used for the heat of the logistics of higher temperatures is sent to low temperature logistics.For reaching optimum efficiency, separately the member of logistics need have good thermal conductivity.This thermal conductivity also is necessary in rectifying device that separates liquid form mixt or rectifier unit.For example treat that at this liquid of isolating mixture and steam are the adverse current conveying each other, so that two can contact closely to carry out mass transfer and heat exchange to the greatest extent mutually.Therefore this equipment is made up of rectilinear tubular unit basically, and it comprises the on-board components of the board member shape with perforation or weighting material of arranging at certain intervals.

By the known a kind of honeycomb of being made up of silit of US-A-2002/0011683, it can be used as the carbon black strainer of diesel motor.The shaping of this honeycomb realizes through extruding the mixture of being made up of silicon metal-powder, resin and tackiness agent.

For preparation high-temperature body such as heat exchanger, utilize corrugated cardboard as initial object by EP-A-1284251, this corrugated cardboard is coated with slurry or is inserted in the slurry.Then carry out drying and carbonization.

The theme of DE-A-19713068 is hot gas filtration device member.For preparation can be on based on the cellular material of hard paper compacting or lamination thomel non-woven fabric or felt, the CFK-structure that so makes with pyrolysis subsequently.

For preparing heat exchanger according to JP-A-2005047014, use the raw material of corrugated paperboard body form, then through lamination be coated with slurry.Then carry out pyrolysis.

According to DE-A-10161108, that uses cellulose prepares ceramic component through pyrolytic work in-process moulded piece.

The objective of the invention is to continue to develop the method and the heat exchanger of the said type of beginning, thereby guarantee good thermal conductivity with easy preparation.Should also provide the possibility of carrying corrosives through this heat exchanger at this.

Propose by method of the present invention:

The prefab of-preparation paper, said paper be cellulose fiber and at least a filler that when made of paper being equipped with, adds at least,

This papery prefab of-pyrolysis is to form this moulded piece or its part.

This formation moulded piece and form thus the papery prefab of the part of this heat exchanger can be after pyrolysis carbonization in other words or preferred pyrolysis carbonization in other words before through assembling.So this prefab can be through connecting as bonding before pulverizing.Also can connect with bonding and be somebody's turn to do, and be before the silicification technics step through the pyrolytic prefab.

The connection of the papery prefab before pyrolysis can be carried out by means of the tackiness agent with high carbon yield.If this papery prefab is being connected after carbonization after the pyrolysis with thus, then preferably in the silication scope of this pyrolysis prefab, carry out.

By the present invention, utilize the prefab of processing by ceramic paper, promptly loaded Packed paper in the preparation.

But the material that can use carbonization is as filler.But ceramic packing also capable of using such as Al ₂O ₃Or ZrO ₂, load in the paper feed with correspondence.Preferred filler is a carbon black.

In addition, also can in treating pyrolytic paper, increase the additive of binder form, like phenol resins and/or Mierocrystalline cellulose.

The dry-matter that the weight part of this filler is formed by the cellulosic fibre by filler and paper of this paper is preferably 30 weight %-95 weight %, particularly 60 weight %-90 weight %.

By the present invention, particularly intend this is promptly carried out silication through the paper of carbonization through pyrolytic.This available HIGH-PURITY SILICON is carried out, and wherein can be excessive or the amount of owing is carried out.This silication is carried out with usual method.But especially let this be used for contacting with silicon melt of silication, for example carry out through siphon, transfer plate or similar techniques through pyrolysis paper.

This pyrolysis paper preferably under reduced pressure carries out silication in reaction chamber, this absolute pressure should be 50-0.05mbar, especially the scope of 0.1mbar.After this C and Si reaction generates SiC, in reaction chamber, fill, be on the ceramic base material that the Si layer is formed on silication can make remaining silicon with rare gas element.

If hope to form corresponding Si-layer, then this process should so be controlled, and promptly the thickness d of this Si-layer is 0.5 μ m≤d≤50 μ m, particularly 10 μ m≤d≤20 μ m.

This silication is in 1350 ℃≤T≤2000 ℃, and particularly the TR of 1650 ℃≤T≤1700 ℃ is carried out.

Can use ply of paper as prefab especially with one or more corrugated cardboard geometrical shapies.As prefab, promptly it comprises that three layers of promptly inner the first layer, coupled connecing like adherent have the middle layer of corrugation geometry and be connected with this middle layer and cover flat the 3rd layer of this middle layer at this so ply of paper capable of using.At this, this first layer and the second layer separate through the middle layer.

But also have the possibility of the ply of paper of selection impression as prefab, these ply of papers are arranged so each other and are supported each other up and down and interconnect, so that form desired passage when needed.Particularly as other required geometrical shape of board member of the moulded piece of rectifier unit, equally can be as preparing with impression.

By instruction of the present invention, the shaping of this prefab is to realize through the Hard copy body that is loaded with at least a filler in the preparation.The paper that should be shaped then is through carbonization.Because the shaping of this prefab is accomplished through the Hard copy body, so can produce the random geometry to heat exchanger, this for example is impossible in extrusion molding.

In addition, the present invention is susceptible to, this pyrolysis and be 50 μ m≤d through the dz of the thickness in the middle layer of silication randomly _z≤1000 μ m.In fact having the middle layer that is used to connect this overlap joint of first and second layers (Steg) provides good heat transfer under respective thickness, the temperature that wherein flows through the medium of passage can be 1400 ℃, and can not occur impaired.If use pyrolytic not have the silicon prefab as the heat exchanger moulded piece, then this fluid also can have higher temperature.

Irrelevant therewith, should use such material as the material that is used for prefab, promptly its be contracted to during the pyrolysis many 60% and/or carbonization after coke content be 20%-60%.This contraction should be 0＜shrinking percentage≤60%.This coke yield scope should be 20%-60% by the gross weight of this object.

This heat exchanger end plate and/or funnel or the optional steadying plate that between each layer of this moulded piece, extends can be processed by the tabular moulded piece of the granulometric composition of Mierocrystalline cellulose and/or lignocellulose-containing; Its under secluding air in 400 ℃≤T≤2000 ℃, the particularly temperature T carbonization of 800 ℃≤T≤1600 ℃.Particularly should use this moulded piece, promptly it is by xylon and/or vegetable fibre such as flax, hemp, sisal hemp, Chinese silvergrass (Miscanthus) or nettle preparation, and the density after pyrolysis is 500kg/m ³-900kg/m ³This is preferably used remain that the wad of density becomes high density fiberboard as initial moulded piece in the pyrolytic.

If seek carbon member or ceramic component, for example, its disclosure clearly all is incorporated herein by reference by what know among the WO-A-03/050058.

The heat exchanger that starts said type is characterised in that this moulded piece is made up of the papery prefab of potteryization.Comprise standard paper or cardboard as the raw material of this prefab.At this, the paper of this cellulose fiber and at least a filler is through carbonization.This filler should be selected from carbon black, SiC, Si, ceramic packing such as Al ₂O ₃Or ZrO ₂But the filler of carbonization also is suitable for.

The papery prefab of this potteryization can be made up of the paper with being loaded with this filler and/or SiC that changes into SiC.

Particularly this prefab has the geometrical shape of corrugated cardboard; Wherein this prefab can comprise three layers; Promptly flat the first layer; The connected corrugated middle layer and the flat second layer that covers this middle layer and be connected with middle this layer, wherein this middle layer and the first layer and the second layer define said passage.

This middle layer can be made up of part, and it has S-shape geometrical shape, V-shape geometrical shape, U-shape geometrical shape or fan-shaped geometry on the cross section for they.Paper through impression also capable of using constitutes moulded piece, and needn't this first layer of mandatory regulation and the second layer.In the case, the paper of this impression is so aligned with each other: to provide required channel configurations.

In addition, it respectively is intermediate plate or end plate and the fluid introducing element or the discharge element of a ceramic component form that this heat exchanger can have, and this ceramic component is through the cellulose-containing semi-finished molded preparation.Can use initial density to be 600kg/m especially as cellulose-containing semi-finished molded ³-850kg/m ³Medium density fibre board (MDF) or initial density be 850kg/m ³-1050kg/m ³High density fiberboard, their density after pyrolysis is 500kg/m ³-700kg/m ³Or 700kg/m ³-900kg/m ³This work in-process moulded piece after pyrolysis or carbonization also through siliconizing.

More details of the present invention, advantage and characteristics are not only by claim, single characteristic and/or the characteristics combination wherein known, and describe the preferred work embodiment of knowing by following accompanying drawing and provide.

In the accompanying drawing,

Fig. 1 illustrates first view of crossflow heat exchanger,

Fig. 2 illustrates the crossflow heat exchanger of Fig. 1 of half-twist,

Fig. 3 illustrates the sectional view of first embodiment of moulded piece,

Fig. 4 illustrates the sectional view of second embodiment of moulded piece,

Fig. 5 illustrates the sectional view of the 3rd embodiment of moulded piece.

Describe instruction of the present invention by crossflow heat exchanger or moulded piece below, this moulded piece is used to prepare this crossflow heat exchanger, does not limit instruction of the present invention thus.Get on very well definitely, this moulded piece also can be used for other heat exchanger, and said heat exchanger also comprises rectifying device, and this rectifying device must not comprise and defines the moulded piece that flows through the fluidic passage.Exactly, instruction of the present invention is applicable to the moulded piece of all heat transfers.

Crossflow heat exchanger shown in Fig. 1 and 2 10 is passed to low temperature logistics with its heat with the high temperature logistics.Wherein each logistics all has oneself the flow path that defines, and wherein logistics at right angles flows each other.The typically used situation of corresponding crossflow heat exchanger is tubular type thermosistor or the fin and tube type thermosistor (Rippenrohrregister) that is used to heat with refrigeration.

The flow direction that this fluid flows through crossflow heat exchanger 10 in Fig. 1 and 2 by

arrow

12 and 14 expressions, wherein in Fig. 1 a kind of flow direction of material perpendicular to plan.

Each passage of this crossflow heat exchanger 10 is the papery prefab formation of carbonization through pyrolytic, and it is randomly through silication.Therefore use the prefab of pottery, the moulded piece that it constitutes the formation of this heat exchanger 10 or defines this passage.

Also can use standard paper and cardboard material as the papery prefab.

This papery prefab can be got the different geometries of the part shown in Fig. 3-5.The part with corrugated cardboard geometrical shape of prefab 16 is shown like Fig. 3.In the case, this prefab 16 is first and second plane layers, 18,20 compositions corrugation geometry and that separate this middle layer of first and

second layer

18,20 22 by being distributed with the cross section therebetween.Middle layer 22 is made up of the mutual placed in-line part that is the S-geometrical shape.

Corresponding prefab 16 extends on effective heat exchange length of heat exchanger 10, and wherein corresponding prefab 16 is separation each other.The prefab that preferred disposition forms with same geometry in the gap, but these prefabs are to the first prefab half-twist, to allow required distributary.

The part of the moulded piece 20 of crossflow heat exchanger shown in Fig. 4, wherein each moulded piece is made up of the

part

22,24 of paper semicircular in shape impression, and these parts engage in its edge.It is through

buildup area

26,28 expressions.Therefore the

impression part

22,24 that on the cross section, forms the pipe geometrical shape is connected each other, to form the first row passage.Extending the papery prefab row of the impression of corresponding but half-twist above it, to form the cross aisle of this heat exchanger.The passage of the half-twist that this is adjacent is with

Reference numeral

30,32 expressions.

But the geometrical shape that also can be other is to constitute moulded piece or guiding fluidic passage.This is shown in Fig. 5.Impression paper tape 34,36 like V-shape interconnects (connecting portion 38,40) and series connection each other, to form passage.The Reference numeral of the passage of the half-twist that this is adjacent is 42,44.

But except that three kinds of geometrical shapies, for example also can be the U-geometrical shape or form uncovered avette imprinted paper or paper slip or paper tape, to form the moulded piece of heat exchanger with the exemplary prefab that provides or its part.

The moulded piece that should form passage among the present invention is made up of the paper of cellulose fiber at least such as standard paper or cardboard and at least a filler.In this case, but filler can be filler, reactive filler such as boron or the Si or the ceramic packing of carbon black carbonization.Preferred filler is that carbon black or ceramic packing are Al ₂O ₃And ZrO ₂

This paper also can be loaded with SiC or Si+SiC.

Irrelevant therewith, the dry-matter that the weight part of this filler is formed by the cellulosic fibre by filler and this paper of this paper should be 30 weight %-95 weight %.Also can increase other additive such as tackiness agent such as phenol resins or Mierocrystalline cellulose.

The paper of loaded packing also can be mentioned ceramic paper in the preparation, and it is the papery prefab that forms the potteryization of heat exchanger moulded piece after carbonization.

Corresponding prefab as shown in Figure 3 or through the impression of paper tape or paper slip formed with the prefab of prefab shown in corresponding Figure 4 and 5 of forming be carbonization 800 ℃-1400 ℃ TR through pyrolysis then.Then can be at 1350 ℃-2000 ℃, particularly 1650 ℃-1700 ℃ TR is carried out the silication of this carbonizing paper.Especially preferably carry out with silicon melt at this by means of siphon.When silication, this carbonized preforms should be arranged in decompression in the reaction chamber of 0.1mbar.

This prefab, conceptive imprinted paper such as papery part or paper tape or the paper slip of also comprising, before pyrolysis or pyrolysis after the assembling.Next this prefab interconnects in silication.

If this prefab interconnects before pyrolysis, then preferably connect by means of tackiness agent with high C-productive rate.

Shown in Fig. 1 and 2, this crossflow heat exchanger 10 has the fluid that is defined by

flange

48,50 and gets into funnel and

fluid discharge funnel

44,46 in its opposite end, can be installed into the device neutralization through this crossflow heat exchanger 10 of this funnel and fix therein.

This

funnel

44,46 and

flange

48,50 middle density that can accurately be sheared by corresponding warp or that be shaped or highdensity cellulose particularly the work in-process moulded piece of lignocellulose-containing are formed, and this moulded piece is potteryization through the pyrolysis of in nonoxidizing atmosphere, carrying out.To this, this pyrolytic, be that the work in-process moulded piece of carbonization is particularly through so silication, so that this ceramic component is the SiSiC-ceramic component that contains definite free C-content.Also utilize the ceramic component that is used for

flange

48,50 and funnel shaped

end part

44,46, consult its disclosure by the instruction preparation of WO-A-03/050058.The moulded piece that defines passage of this crossflow heat exchanger 10 and the connection between the funnel shaped

member

44,46 can be accomplished in silicatization process.Also can before silicatization process, connect said member by means of tackiness agent with high C productive rate.

For customizing the size of this moulded piece, be noted that this moulded piece can easily have 1m ²The plane development length, the vertical section or the xsect of this crossflow heat exchanger can be provided.Based on the prefab that is made of paper, this wall thickness that defines the moulded piece of passage can consequently be guaranteed good heat transfer less than 100 μ m.After carbonization and optional silication, the preferred thickness of this ply of paper is 50 μ m-1000 μ m.

The weight of this ply of paper own should be 50g/m ²-1000g/m ²

By 3 embodiment the present invention is detailed below, these embodiment itself have provided influence characteristic of the present invention and/or characteristics combination.

Embodiment 1:

Utilize face heavily to be 200g/m ²Paper tape, this paper tape is loaded with the filler of being made up of carbon black.The weight part of this filler is about 75% by the dry-matter of being made up of cellulose fiber peacekeeping filler in the paper.Then, be reprocessed into the paper work in-process through the paper that so loads, it has the corrugated cardboard geometrical shape, and processes and be bonded into prefab.Formed prefab in inert atmosphere in 800-1400 ℃ temperature through carbonization.Carry out the silication of this carbonizing paper then by means of the siphon silicon melt in the temperature of 1650-1700 ℃ of scope.In this reaction chamber itself, there is decompression 1650-1700 ℃ of scope.Decompression in reaction chamber is the 0.1mbar absolute pressure.This silication is carried out with excess silicon.After accomplishing the reaction of silicon and carbon generation SiC, to the reaction chamber ventilation, to avoid carrying secretly unnecessary silicon.On ceramic base material, form the Si-layer thus, so control this process, so that layer thickness is the scope of 10 μ m-20 μ m.Make the layer refuse and the recrystallize under the temperature of a little higher than silicon fusing point that solidify then.Pure silicon is used in silication itself.

Produce the high stable thin-wall construction.Photomicrograph shows that this base material mainly is made up of the SiC that surrounds free silica.The unreacted C that can contain small quantity.

This pottery can be used as heat exchanger such as crossflow heat exchanger or rectifying device.

Embodiment 2

Utilize face heavily to be 200g/m ²Paper tape, this paper tape is loaded with the filler by the SiC-powder constituent.The weight part of this filler is about 75% by the dry-matter of being made up of cellulose fiber peacekeeping filler in the paper.Then, be reprocessed into the paper work in-process through the paper that so loads, it has the corrugated cardboard geometrical shape, and processes and be bonded into prefab.Formed prefab in inert atmosphere in 800 ℃-1400 ℃ through pyrolysis.Carry out the silication of this carbonizing paper then by means of the siphon silicon melt in the temperature of 1650 ℃ of-1700 ℃ of scopes.Decompression in reaction chamber is the 0.1mbar absolute pressure.This silication is carried out with excess silicon.After accomplishing the reaction of silicon and carbon generation SiC, to the reaction chamber ventilation, to avoid carrying secretly unnecessary silicon.On ceramic base material, form the Si-layer thus, so control this process, so that layer thickness is 10 μ m-20 μ m.Make the layer refuse and the recrystallize under the temperature of a little higher than silicon fusing point that solidify then.Gathering-silicon of sun power quality used in silication itself.

Embodiment 3

Utilize face heavily to be 100g/m ²Paper tape, this paper tape is loaded with the filler of being made up of carbon black.The weight part of this filler is about 50% by the dry-matter of being made up of cellulose fiber peacekeeping filler in the paper.Then, be reprocessed into the paper work in-process through the paper that so loads, it has the corrugated cardboard geometrical shape, and processes and be bonded into prefab.Formed prefab in inert atmosphere in 800 ℃-1400 ℃ through pyrolysis.Carry out the silication of this carbonizing paper then by means of the siphon silicon melt in the temperature of 1650 ℃ of-1700 ℃ of scopes.Decompression in reaction chamber is the 0.1mbar absolute pressure.This silication is carried out with excess silicon.After accomplishing the reaction of silicon and carbon generation SiC, to the reaction chamber ventilation, to avoid carrying secretly unnecessary silicon.On ceramic base material, form the Si-layer thus, so control this process, so that layer thickness is 10 μ m-20 μ m.Make the layer refuse and the recrystallize under the temperature of a little higher than silicon fusing point that solidify then.Gathering-silicon of sun power quality used in silication itself.

Claims

1. be used to prepare the method for heat exchanger, it is characterized in that particularly including the moulded piece of being processed by stupalith, have or define guiding fluidic passage,

The prefab of-preparation paper, said paper is cellulose fiber and at least a filler at least,

This papery prefab of-carbonization is to form this moulded piece or its part.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this papery prefab before carbonization or carbonization after connect to form at least one parts of heat exchanger or this heat exchanger.

3. claim 1 or 2 method is characterized in that the papery prefab of this carbonization is through silication.

4. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, but the filler that uses carbonization is as filler.

5. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, uses carbon black as filler.

6. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, uses reactive filler such as Si or B ₄C is as filler.

7. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, uses ceramic packing such as Al ₂O ₃Or ZrO ₂As filler.

8. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, increases tackiness agent such as phenol resins and/or Mierocrystalline cellulose as additive to the paper of treating carbonization.

9. aforementioned claim method one of at least; It is characterized in that; During the preparation of this paper; Said filler is incorporated in this paper with following weight part G: the dry-matter of being made up of cellulose fiber peacekeeping filler by this paper is counted 30 weight %≤G≤95 weight %, particularly 60 weight %≤G≤90 weight %.

10. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that the papery prefab of this carbonization is through the pure silicon silication.

11. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that this pyrolytic papery prefab is through the pure silicon silication of excessive or the amount of owing.

12. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that the papery prefab of this carbonization is by means of the silicon melt silication.

13. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, this pyrolytic papery prefab in reaction chamber in following pressure p silication: 50mbar≤p≤0.05mbar, preferred p is about 0.1mbar.

14. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, what the papery prefab of this carbonization and Si generated SiC is reflected at 1350 ℃≤T≤2000 ℃, and the temperature T of preferred 1650 ℃≤T≤1700 ℃ is carried out.

15. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, uses paper with corrugated cardboard geometrical shape or ply of paper as the papery prefab.

16. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, uses paper through impression as the papery prefab.

17. aforementioned claim method one of at least; It is characterized in that; Use comprises trilaminar papery prefab as the papery prefab, promptly flat the first layer, connected have corrugated middle layer with is connected with this middle layer and the 3rd layer of putting down of covering this middle layer.

18. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, use during pyrolysis, be contracted to many 60% and/or coke yield as the paper of 20%-60% as the paper that is used for this prefab.

19. aforementioned claim method one of at least; It is characterized in that; The end of this heat exchanger for example disposes and is funnel shaped reinforced perforate or the discharge perforate of being made up of ceramic component; This ceramic component is through the work in-process moulded piece of the particularly lignocellulose-containing of pyrolysis cellulose, the work in-process moulded piece of optimum fiber plate form, and potteryization.

20. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that the wad of density is as wad in the use.

21. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, uses highdensity wad as wad.

22. aforementioned claim method one of at least is characterized in that, under the wad situation of middle density, is in particular 600kg/m as the initial density middle density or highdensity wad of work in-process moulded piece ³-850kg/m ³Or under highdensity wad situation, be in particular 850kg/m ³-1050kg/m ³, the density of this work in-process moulded piece after pyrolysis is 500kg/m ³-700kg/m ³Or 700kg/m ³900kg/m ³

23. heat exchanger (10), particularly heat exchanger such as crossflow heat exchanger or rectifier unit, it is particularly including the moulded piece of being processed by stupalith, have or define guiding fluidic passage (16; 20; 33), it is characterized in that this moulded piece (16; 20,33) form by the papery prefab of potteryization.

24. the heat exchanger of claim 23 is characterized in that, the paper of this prefab is cellulose fiber and at least a filler at least.

25. claim 23 or 24 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that this filler is reactive filler such as silicon or boron.

26. claim 23-25 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that this filler is selected from carbon black, SiC, Si, B and ceramic packing such as Al ₂O ₃Or ZrO ₂

27. claim 23-26 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that the papery prefab of this potteryization is to be transformed into SiC and to be loaded with filler and/or the paper of SiC.

28. claim 23-27 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that this prefab has the corrugated cardboard geometrical shape.

29. claim 23-28 heat exchanger one of at least; It is characterized in that this prefab comprises three layer (18,20; 22); Promptly flat the first layer (18), the middle layer that is connected with this layer (22) and the second layer (20) of putting down that is connected with this middle layer, wherein this middle layer is through the lapping type part spaced apart these first and second layers.

30. claim 23-29 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that this middle layer (22) are made up of the part of S-shape, V-shape, U-shape or segmental geometrical shape on the cross section.

31. claim 23-30 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that, this prefab (20) is made up of the paper (22,24,34,36) through impression.

32. claim 23-31 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that, this prefab is made up of fan-shaped, the trilateral of paper such as paper tape or U-shape and/or avette impression part on the cross section.

33. claim 23-32 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that this heat exchanger has intermediate plate and/or end plate such as the base plate or the cover plate of ceramic component form, this ceramic component is through the cellulose-containing semi-finished molded preparation.

34. claim 23-33 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that this semi-finished product model part is through silication.

35. claim 23-34 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that this heat exchanger preferably has doline perforate (44,46) at opposed end face, this perforate is by the work in-process moulded piece preparation of the potteryization of cellulose.

36. claim 23-35 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that, this work in-process moulded piece is a middle density or highdensity and at required scope processing or the wad that is shaped.

37. claim 23-36 heat exchanger one of at least is characterized in that the density of work in-process moulded piece this carbonization or potteryization is 600kg/m ³-700kg/m ³Or 700kg/m ³-900kg/m ³

38. claim 23-37 heat exchanger one of at least; It is characterized in that this is preferably funnel shaped end part (44,46) is flanged plate (48 in distolateral transition; 50), this flanged plate is made up of the work in-process moulded piece through potteryization of the particularly lignocellulose-containing of cellulose.