New-energy electric vehicle automatic charge device and control method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to New-energy electric vehicle technical field, specifically, is a kind of New-energy electric vehicle automatic charge device and control method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, due to a large amount of uses of automobile, the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution is day by day serious.Therefore, China advocates development new-energy automobile energetically, especially has the electric automobile of energy-saving and environmental protection feature.The technical research of electric automobile has become people's study hotspot.At present, also without any a kind of cell, can be electric automobile enough power demands are provided, drive the cell voltage of car up to more than 300 volts, obtain so high voltage and just must depend on battery group technology.In use, along with the minimizing of battery pack power, battery pack both end voltage also can reduce the power supply battery pack of electric automobile, thereby the driving force of automobile is declined, and security performance also can reduce.
Existing automobile batteries generally adopts offline mode charging, and the charging interval is long, uses inconvenient; Battery is too many because discharging, and surpasses its optimal charge point, and utilization rate of electrical is not high, has a strong impact on battery pack useful life.Simultaneously automobile power consumption is larger, singlely battery-poweredly can not meet the requirement that automobile long-distance travels, and has limited greatly the development of electric automobile.
And existing charging management system directly adopts voltage comparison method often, when the voltage of battery pack output is less than certain rated voltage, be the charging of battery constantly, difference along with load, the flash-over characteristic that battery pack shows is often different, only adopt output voltage to judge, manage inadequate science.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing for overcoming prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of New-energy electric vehicle automatic charge device and control method thereof, solves off-line charging modes and the caused defect of voltage determining method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of New-energy electric vehicle automatic charge device, comprise battery pack and controller, battery pack provides power supply to electric motor of automobile and controller, it is characterized in that: the input of described controller is connected with charging detection module, this charging detection module is connected on the output of battery pack, the output controlling combustion engine of described controller, the work of internal-combustion engine drives generator, the electric energy of generator output is described batteries charging after charging circuit is processed.
By on-vehicle internal combustion engine and generator are set on automobile, utilize charging detection module to detect the discharge condition of battery pack, when battery capacity deficiency being detected, utilize controller starting apparatus combustion engine, by internal-combustion engine drives generator, work, the electric energy of generator output is batteries charging after overcharge circuit, like this, under motoring condition, can provide charging by real-time online, the inconvenience of having avoided off-line charging to bring.
As further describing, described charging detection module comprises internal resistance detection instrument, voltmeter and ammeter, and internal resistance detection instrument and voltmeter are attempted by the two ends of battery pack, and ammeter is serially connected on the output of battery pack.
Common Charge Management often adopts voltage detecting method, output in battery pack carries out voltage acquisition, when the dump energy of battery drops to a certain rated voltage, automatic starting apparatus combustion engine, by internal-combustion engine drives generator, it is batteries charging, with this, supplement the energy of battery pack, extend the running time of electric automobile, improve battery pack efficiency.
But according to the flash-over characteristic of battery pack, its discharge process is often divided into four-stage, initial capacity decay is very fast, and rate of decay slows down subsequently, and the stage of stable development that then rate of decay continues to slow down is finally that battery capacity decays fast.
Conventionally battery capacity decays to initial 80% and thinks end-of-life.Best efficiency for charge-discharge point should be selected in the second half section of the stage of stable development, before minimum discharge voltage.And under different load operations, the discharge curve of battery pack is different, load is larger, and battery pack output current is also large, and best efficiency for charge-discharge point will reduce.Therefore only adopt good time that discharges and recharges of administration battery pack of voltage monitoring method.
The present invention adopts internal resistance measurement method, in resistance measuring module, be provided with internal resistance test device, by internal resistance, test, the cooperation of voltmeter and ammeter, detect in real time the internal resistance situation of change of battery pack, because the performance of battery pack quality and amount of capacity can direct oily internal resistance size embody, increase along with discharge time, the internal resistance of battery pack is risen often gradually, when being less than a certain specific voltage, the internal resistance meeting of battery pack sharply increases, the internal resistance changing condition of therefore monitoring battery pack can judge the optimal charge moment of battery pack, thereby obtain optimal charge efficiency.
As further describing, described battery pack is lithium battery group, lead acid accumulator or nickel-hydrogen accumulator.
Further describe, described internal combustion engine is gasoline engine, diesel engine, natural gas engine or ethanol engine again.
Above-mentioned annexation, the present invention is also described the control method of described New-energy electric vehicle automatic charge device, and the method is carried out according to following steps:
Step 1: the standard internal resistance value that battery pack is set is R
0, by controller opens mains switch, battery pack is electric motor of automobile power supply;
Step 2: charging detection module detects the discharge condition of battery pack, the magnitude of voltage that controller obtains voltmeter in charging detection module is that the current value of V, ammeter is that the internal resistance value of I, internal resistance detection instrument is r, and according to
the resistance of calculating battery pack is R;
Step 3: delay time T;
Step 4: it is that the current value of V ', ammeter is that the internal resistance value of I ', internal resistance detection instrument is r ' that controller obtains the magnitude of voltage of voltmeter in charging detection module, and according to
the resistance of calculating battery pack is R ';
Step 5: controller calculates the internal resistance difference DELTA R of battery pack according to △ R=R '-R;
Step 6: controller judgement Δ R/R
0whether be greater than k,, the internal resistance increment critical coefficient that described k is battery pack:
If Δ R/R
0be greater than k, enter step 7;
If Δ R/R
0be less than or equal to k, enter step 9;
Step 7: controller is exported the first control signal, starting apparatus combustion engine work, is batteries charging by internal-combustion engine drives generator, enters step 8;
Step 8: the magnitude of voltage that controller obtains voltmeter in charging detection module is V ', judges whether magnitude of voltage V ' is less than the maximum output voltage value Vmax of battery pack:
If V ' is less than Vmax, enters step 7 and continue charging;
If V ' is more than or equal to Vmax, enter step 9;
Step 9: controller is exported the second control signal, closes internal combustion engine, returns to the discharge condition that step 2 continues monitoring battery pack.
As further describing, described delay time T=30s, the value of the internal resistance increment critical coefficient k of described battery pack is 5%~20%, the maximum output voltage value Vmax=12V of described battery pack.
Remarkable result of the present invention is: on-vehicle internal combustion engine and generator are set automobile batteries group is charged, the inconvenience of having avoided off-line charging modes to cause, utilize internal resistance measurement method to detect the discharge condition of battery pack, by controller, judge optimal charge efficient point, thereby controlling combustion engine work, improve the efficiency for charge-discharge of battery pack, saved energy consumption, extended the life cycle of battery pack.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of detection module of charging in this Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is control flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1: a kind of New-energy electric vehicle automatic charge device, comprise battery pack 1 and controller 5, described battery pack 1 provides power supply to electric motor of automobile 7 and controller 5, the input of described controller 5 is connected with charging detection module 4, this charging detection module 4 is connected on the output of battery pack 1, the output controlling combustion engine 6 of described controller 5, internal combustion engine 6 drives generator 3 work, and the electric energy of generator 3 outputs is described battery pack 1 charging after charging circuit 2 is processed.
Battery pack 1 can be lithium battery group, can be also lead acid accumulator or nickel-hydrogen accumulator.
Internal combustion engine 6 can be gasoline engine, can be also diesel engine, natural gas engine or ethanol engine.The type of internal combustion engine 6 can be determined according to concrete vehicle, its objective is for the chemical energy of fuel is converted to kinetic energy, drive generator 3 work, thereby be battery pack 1 charging, as long as internal combustion engine 6 can carry out IGNITION CONTROL by controller 5, range of application is more extensive.
By internal combustion engine 6 and the generator 3 of vehicular are set, can be for battery pack 1 provides charging when hybrid electric vehicle is sailed, thereby extend the distance travelled of hybrid-electric car, improve the service efficiency of battery pack, guaranteed that battery electric quantity is sufficient, improved load capacity and the stability of hybrid vehicle.
As shown in Figure 2: in order to judge the optimal charge efficient point of battery pack 1, described charging detection module 4 comprises internal resistance detection instrument, voltmeter and ammeter, internal resistance detection instrument and voltmeter are attempted by the two ends of battery pack 1, and ammeter is serially connected on the output of battery pack 1.
Because the load of battery pack 1 is relevant with the rotating speed of electric motor of automobile 7 and the operating state of vehicle electronic circuit, can there is dynamic change in its load state, the load of battery pack 1 is different, its flash-over characteristic is not identical yet, by ammeter and voltmeter are set, can detect the resistance of load, known according to the annexation shown in figure, load resistance R
lthe detected value I of=voltmeter detected value V/ ammeter, because the measured value r of internal resistance test device is load resistance R
lvalue after in parallel with battery pack internal resistance R, i.e. 1/r=1/R
l+ 1/R, therefore, battery pack internal resistance R=R
l* r/ (R
l-r)=V*r/ (V-I*r), make the internal resistance situation of change of the monitoring battery pack 1 that controller 5 can be real-time, known according to the flash-over characteristic of battery pack, when the internal resistance of battery pack 1 occurs to change suddenly, prove the now off-capacity of battery pack 1, need to charge to it, thereby utilize controller 5 controlling combustion engines 6 to start, drive generator 3 work, utilize generator 3 and charging circuit 2 to battery pack 1 charging.
As shown in Figure 3: in conjunction with said structure, the control method of New-energy electric vehicle automatic charge device, according to following steps, carry out:
Step 1: the standard internal resistance value that battery pack 1 is set is R
0, by controller 5, turning on the power switch, battery pack 1 is electric motor of automobile 7 power supplies;
The standard internal resistance value of battery pack 1 is R
0different according to the battery size that battery pack 1 is selected, when dispatching from the factory configuration, can be preset in control algolithm by measurement.
Step 2: charging detection module 4 detects the discharge condition of battery pack 1, the magnitude of voltage that controller 5 obtains voltmeter in charging detection module 4 is that the current value of V, ammeter is that the internal resistance value of I, internal resistance detection instrument is r, and according to
the resistance of calculating battery pack 1 is R;
Step 3: delay time T;
Step 4: it is that the current value of V ', ammeter is that the internal resistance value of I ', internal resistance detection instrument is r ' that controller 5 obtains the magnitude of voltage of voltmeter in charging detection module 4, and according to
the resistance of calculating battery pack 1 is R ';
Step 5: controller 5 calculates the adjacent internal resistance difference DELTA R that measures the battery pack 1 of gained for twice according to △ R=R '-R;
Step 6: controller 5 judgement Δ R/R
0whether be greater than k,, described k is the internal resistance increment critical coefficient of battery pack 1:
If Δ R/R
0be greater than k, enter step 7;
If Δ R/R
0be less than or equal to k, enter step 9;
Step 7: controller 5 output the first control signals, starting apparatus combustion engine 6 work, by internal combustion engine 6, driving generator 3 is battery pack 1 charging, enters step 8;
Step 8: the magnitude of voltage that controller 5 obtains voltmeter in charging detection module 4 is V ', judges whether magnitude of voltage V ' is less than the maximum output voltage value Vmax of battery pack 1:
If V ' is less than Vmax, enters step 7 and continue charging;
If V ' is more than or equal to Vmax, enter step 9;
Step 9: controller 5 output the second control signals, close internal combustion engine 6, return to the discharge condition that step 2 continues monitoring battery pack 1.
Controller 5 periodically gathers the discharge condition of battery pack 1, determines the situation of change Δ R of internal resistance, the standard internal resistance value R of internal resistance difference DELTA R and battery pack 1 by the internal resistance of adjacent twice measurement battery pack 1
0there is a proportionality coefficient, if Δ R/R
0the internal resistance increment critical coefficient k that has been greater than battery pack 1, illustrates that battery pack 1 reaches optimal charge efficient point, and now, controller 5 need to be opened internal combustion engine 6, makes it drive generator 3 for battery pack 1 charging;
If Δ R/R
0the internal resistance increment critical coefficient k that is less than or equal to battery pack 1, illustrates that battery pack 1 also has enough electric weight to offer electric motor of automobile 7, so internal combustion engine 6 do not work, and allows battery pack 1 continue as electric motor of automobile 7 power supplies.In charging process, controller 3 also detects the output state of battery pack 1 in real time, when the voltage of output reaches the default maximum output voltage value Vmax of battery pack 1, illustrates that battery pack 1 electric weight is full of, now should stop charging, controller 3 controlling combustion engines 6 quit work.
In implementation process, described delay time T=30s, the value of the internal resistance increment critical coefficient k of described battery pack 1 is 5%~20%, arrange too small, may be because measure error cause misoperation, arrange excessive, again can not be in the control of charging in time of optimal charge point, k gets 10% optimum, the maximum output voltage value Vmax=12V of described battery pack 1.
Through above-mentioned control, guarantee the power supply state of battery pack, extended the power-on time of battery pack, the distance that hybrid electric vehicle is sailed is longer, by internal resistance, tests, and has accurately grasped the charging interval of battery pack, make to charge all on the optimal charge efficient point of battery pack at every turn, not only take full advantage of the energy, but also can extend the useful life of battery pack, for stability and the reliability of system provides guarantee.