CN102801182A - Topological structure using distributed wind farm grid-connected control - Google Patents

Topological structure using distributed wind farm grid-connected control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102801182A
CN102801182A CN2012102971010A CN201210297101A CN102801182A CN 102801182 A CN102801182 A CN 102801182A CN 2012102971010 A CN2012102971010 A CN 2012102971010A CN 201210297101 A CN201210297101 A CN 201210297101A CN 102801182 A CN102801182 A CN 102801182A
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wind
electricity generation
powered electricity
generation unit
electrical network
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兰志杰
陈超
赵旭
陈思范
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Guangdong Mingyang Wind Power Group Co Ltd
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Guangdong Mingyang Wind Power Group Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Abstract

The invention provides a topological structure using distributed wind farm grid-connected control. A user load and a wind power generating unit are arranged in the same power grid network, the radial power supply structure of the traditional power system is changed, flexible adjustment can be performed according to the situation of the user load, in-situ power generation and in-situ digestion are realized, and the power gird operates more stably. Relative instructions are sent through a power grid dispatching center, the cutting-in and cutting-out of the power generating unit and the power grid are adjusted and controlled, the power grid is effectively stabilized through active ad reactive coordination control, and the impact of the cutting-in and cutting-out of the power generating unit on the power gird is reduced.

Description

A kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control
[technical field]
The present invention relates to wind energy turbine set control technology field, especially a kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control.
[background technology]
Along with the proportion of wind power generation in power supply constantly increases, the wind-powered electricity generation networking can not be ignored the influence of electric power system, and electrical network requires the wind-powered electricity generation unit to have higher grid adaptability, and possesses the voltage stabilizing controlled function.
Existing centralized wind energy turbine set proportion in electrical network is less; Belong to the strong situation of power supply light current net, its electric power-feeding structure is traditional radial electric power-feeding structure of electric power system, and traditional centralized wind energy turbine set generally is tens even up to a hundred and is unit concentrated access electrical network; Be subject to region limits; Project cost can not be carried out flexible according to user load than higher, is difficult to effectively accomplish control to stablize electrical network to meritorious with idle coordination.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention provides a kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control; User load and wind-powered electricity generation unit are located in the same electrical network network; Send dependent instruction through grid dispatching center; The wind-powered electricity generation unit is cut out and electrical network is regulated control, electrical network is stablized in meritorious and idle coordination control effectively.
A kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control; Comprise the grid dispatching center that is connected with electrical network; Said grid dispatching center is connected with the automatic voltage control system that is connected with electrical network; Said automatic voltage control system is connected with data acquisition and reaches the Static Synchronous compensator that is connected with electrical network with supervisor control; Said data acquisition is connected with some groups of wind-powered electricity generation units that are connected with electrical network with supervisor control, and said electrical network also is connected with user load, and said user load and wind-powered electricity generation unit are located in the same electrical network network.Said wind-powered electricity generation unit can one group or some groups cuts out electrical network; The interval control time that said wind-powered electricity generation unit cuts out electrical network is at>=5s; Meritorious climbing speed≤the 50kw/s that is incorporated into the power networks of said wind-powered electricity generation unit; Off-grid fall off rate≤the 300kw/s that gains merit, the no-voltage ride-through capability time≤300ms of said wind-powered electricity generation unit, high voltage ride-through capability time≤500ms; The idle distributor that said automatic voltage control system is provided with reactive power compensating controller and is connected with reactive power compensating controller, said data acquisition and supervisor control are provided with wind energy turbine set reactive power limit computing module.
A kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control of the present invention; User load and wind-powered electricity generation unit are located in the same electrical network network; Send dependent instruction through grid dispatching center; The wind-powered electricity generation unit is cut out and electrical network is regulated control, electrical network is stablized in meritorious and idle coordination control effectively, the incision that reduces the wind-powered electricity generation unit cuts out the impact to electrical network.
[description of drawings]
Do further explain below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the permanent idle control model sketch map of the whole audience of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a constant voltage control model sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a voltage ride-through capability sketch map of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing execution mode of the present invention is elaborated.
A kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control of the present invention; Comprise the grid dispatching center 1 that is connected with electrical network 6; Said grid dispatching center 1 is connected with the automatic voltage control system 2 that is connected with electrical network 6, and said automatic voltage control system 2 is connected with data acquisition and supervisor control 3 and the Static Synchronous compensator 9 that is connected with electrical network 6, and said data acquisition is connected with some groups of wind-powered electricity generation units 5 that are connected with electrical network 6 with supervisor control 3; Said electrical network 6 also is connected with user load 8; Said user load 8 is located in the same electrical network network with wind-powered electricity generation unit 5, has changed the electric power-feeding structure of conventional electric power systems radiate shape, can be according to the situation flexible of user load 8; Realize the digestion on the spot of generating on the spot, make electrical network 6 operations more stable.Said wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 can one group or some groups cuts out electrical network 6; Said wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 cuts out the interval control time>=5s of electrical network 6; Reduce the percussion that wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 cuts out electrical network 6, the said wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 meritorious climbing speed≤50kw/s that is incorporated into the power networks, the off-grid fall off rate≤300kw/s that gains merit; The no-voltage ride-through capability time≤300ms of said wind-powered electricity generation unit 5, high voltage ride-through capability time≤500ms.The idle distributor 22 that said automatic voltage control system 2 is provided with reactive power compensating controller 21 and is connected with reactive power compensating controller 21, said data acquisition and supervisor control 3 are provided with wind energy turbine set reactive power limit computing module 31.
Carry out the control of whole audience active power according to 8 pairs of distributed wind energy turbine set of user load; The dispatch command that grid dispatching center 1 is sent; Share active power independent wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 that inserts electrical network 6 to the distributed wind energy turbine set, calculate predicted power, when dispatch command value during greater than predicted power according to current whole audience mean wind speed; Every typhoon group of motors 5 speed settings are to rated value, thus absorbing wind energy to greatest extent.
When dispatch command value during less than predicted power; Start the limit power policy; Judge that the dispatch command value is whether greater than all wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 minimums corresponding minimum power sum of rotating speed that is incorporated into the power networks; If the dispatch command value is greater than all wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 minimums corresponding minimum power sum of rotating speed that is incorporated into the power networks, then each wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 speed setting is to the rotating speed that is incorporated into the power networks, if the dispatch command value is less than the be incorporated into the power networks minimum power sum of rotating speed correspondence of all wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 minimums; Then further judge the relation of the apportioning cost of gaining merit the every typhoon group of motors 5 and the first time; Simultaneously to data acquisition with keep watch on Power Limitation information and the platform number that control system 3 sends wind-powered electricity generation units 5, if 30 seconds mean value of wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 current power less than for the first time meritorious apportioning cost, then current wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 speed settings are rated speed.Otherwise the step-length with 20rpm reduces to set rotating speed; In 50kw, for the second time meritorious apportioning cost is that system redistributes algorithm according to 5 the number information of wind-powered electricity generation unit that insert electrical network 6 by gaining merit and obtains up to the ERROR CONTROL of 30 seconds mean values of current power and for the second time meritorious apportioning cost.
According to the dispatch command that grid dispatching center 1 is sent, can also select constant power factor control, permanent idle control and three kinds of control modes of constant voltage control.Constant power factor control, wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 calculate the reactive power that need send according to current wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 active power by the power factor of setting, and are calculating the idle output of the whole audience.
Permanent idle control, the dispatch command that wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 sends according to grid dispatching center 1,5 pairs of reactive power abilities of carrying out of each wind-powered electricity generation unit are shared.P MecBe wind-powered electricity generation unit input mechanical output, P s, P rBe respectively the reactive power that active power that stator sends and rotor send, P c, Q cBe respectively active power and reactive power that grid side converter absorbs from electrical network 6, P g, Q gSend into the active power and the reactive power of electrical network 6 for wind-powered electricity generation unit 5.Ignore the electric machine rotor winding loss, following relation arranged:
P mec=P s-P r
P s=P mec/(1-s)
P r=sP mec/(1-s)
Q Smin, Q SmaxBe respectively stator reactive power minimum value and maximum, then the stator reactive power Q s∈ [Q Smin, Q Smax].Then have:
Q s min = - 3 U s 2 2 X s - ( 3 2 X m X s U s I r max ) 2 - P s 2
Q s max = - 3 U s 2 2 X s + ( 3 2 X m X s U s I r max ) 2 - P s 2
U in the formula sBe the stator voltage peak value, equal electrical network 6 voltages after being incorporated into the power networks, be constant, X sBe stator reactance, X mBe excitation reactance, I RmaxBe rotor-side converter current maximum.
The grid side converter Capacity design only need be considered maximum slip active power, and the maximum power of grid side converter is P Cmax, Q Cmin, Q CmaxBe respectively reactive power minimum value and maximum, then the grid side converter reactive power Q c∈ [Q Cmin, Q Cmax].Then have:
Q s min = - P c max 2 - P c 2 = - P c max 2 - P r 2 = - P c max 2 - [ s / ( 1 - s ) ] 2 P mec 2
Q s min = P c max 2 - P c 2 = P c max 2 - P r 2 = P c max 2 - [ s / ( 1 - s ) ] 2 P mec 2
The reactive power that wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 sends to electrical network 6 is Q g, Q then g∈ [Q Gmin, Q Gmax], Q wherein Gmin=Q Smin-Q Cmax, Q Gmax=Q Smax-Q Cmin, wherein:
Q 1gref_ Q Ngref: the idle command value that 1-N group wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 receives.
Q 1gmax_ Q Ngmax: the idle limiting value that 1-N group wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 can produce.
Q 1g-Q Ng: the reactive power that 1-N group wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 sends.
The total idle generation limit of whole distributed wind energy turbine set
Figure BDA00002035923500061
The reactive power command value Q that every typhoon group of motors 5 is sent Igref=(Q Igmax/ Q Totalmax) Q Windref
Master controller 51 calculates wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 dynamic reactive generation limit Q in real time Igmax, and sending data acquisition and supervisor control 3 to through the TCP/IP communication modes, data acquisition and supervisor control 3 calculate the idle generation limit Q of whole distributed wind energy turbine set according to the idle generating ability of every typhoon group of motors 5 Totalmax, sending automatic voltage control system 2 to through the TCP/IP communication modes, automatic voltage control system 2 is accepted the dispatch command control of grid dispatching center 1.Because wind speed is unstable, every typhoon group of motors 5 active power are unstable, Q TotalmaxAlso can change constantly, so a limit safety system number is set, data acquisition and supervisor control 3 will be delivered to each wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 through the TCP/IP communication.
The constant voltage control model; Wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 is controlled at command value through an idle compensating control 52 with outlet voltage; Idle compensating control 52 comprises an adjuster that drives the attitude amplitude limiter, and the amplitude limit value of amplitude limiter is according to the idle generating ability Q of every typhoon group of motors 5 IgmaxDynamic adjustments.Grid dispatching center 1 can directly directly be controlled wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 outlet voltages through data acquisition and supervisor control 3 under this mode of operation; Wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 is through detecting the difference between outlet voltage and the given voltage, through adjuster and amplitude limiter output separate unit wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 reactive power Qs Igref, send corresponding reactive power Q by frequency converter Ig, amplitude limiter then guarantees this value all the time within every typhoon group of motors 5 idle generating abilities, i.e. Q Ig<q IgmaxWhen reaching the idle generating ability limit of wind-powered electricity generation unit 5, automatic voltage control system 2 puts into operation, collaborative electrical network 6 voltages of stablizing whole distributed wind energy turbine set.
When the idle reference value of idle compensating control 52 output reaches the wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 reactive power limit, and voltage is not when reaching the goal-setting value, and the integrator error accumulation lost efficacy, and entered into saturation condition.But the time that gets into the saturation region is long more, and the time of withdrawing from the saturation region is also just long more.Idle compensating control 52 in the wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 adopts anti-integration saturated structures, the negative error that promptly when controlled quentity controlled variable exceeds limited field, only adds up, otherwise the positive error that only adds up.
Wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 cuts out control, has and have only a typhoon group of motors 5 to be incorporated into the power networks through data acquisition and supervisor control 3 with collinear roads constantly, and inferior typhoon group of motors 5 is incorporated into the power networks and must guarantees the time interval >=5s.Every typhoon group of motors 5 the reactive power of the transient absorption that is incorporated into the power networks necessary≤10kVar, the time is no more than 5s, every typhoon group of motors 5 be incorporated into the power networks the back active power climbing speed≤50kw, the fall off rate≤300kw of every typhoon group of motors 5 active power when off-grid.
The electrical network adaptive technique, Fig. 4 is a voltage ride-through capability sketch map of the present invention, the wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 in the distributed wind energy turbine set has can guarantee that when the voltage that is incorporated into the power networks falls to 20% rated voltage off-grid not moves the ability of 625ms continuously.Distributed wind farm grid-connected point voltage can return to 90% o'clock of rated voltage in falling back 2s, the wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 in the distributed wind energy turbine set can guarantee that off-grid does not move continuously.Three-phase shortcircuits, two-phase short circuit take place at electrical network 6, when single-phase grounding fault causes electric voltage dropping; Distributed wind farm grid-connected each phase voltage of point is in Fig. 4 when recovery voltage outline line C and above normal region B thereof; Wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 can also not move by off-grid continuously; When any phase voltage of distributed wind farm grid-connected point was lower than part and is lower than the improper region D of voltage profile line A among the figure, wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 just can cut out from electrical network 6 in the distributed wind energy turbine set.Produce the voltage of idle support electrical network 6 in case of necessity, reduce the mechanical load of wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 and impact.Wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 has the ability that no-voltage is in short-term passed through, and the time is no more than 300ms, and wind-powered electricity generation unit 5 has the ability that high voltage in short-term passes through, and high voltage is about specified 1.15-1.2 doubly, and the time is no more than 500ms.

Claims (6)

1. topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control; Comprise the grid dispatching center (1) that is connected with electrical network; It is characterized in that said grid dispatching center (1) is connected with the automatic voltage control system (2) that is connected with electrical network; Said automatic voltage control system (2) is connected with data acquisition and reaches the Static Synchronous compensator (9) that is connected with electrical network with supervisor control (3); Said data acquisition is connected with the some groups of wind-powered electricity generation units (5) that are connected with electrical network with supervisor control (3), and said electrical network also is connected with user load (8), and said user load (8) is located in the same electrical network network with wind-powered electricity generation unit (5).
2. by the said a kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control of claim 1; It is characterized in that said wind-powered electricity generation unit (5) can one group or some groups cuts out electrical network (6), said wind-powered electricity generation unit (5) cuts out the interval control time >=5S of electrical network (6).
3. by the said a kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control of claim 2, it is characterized in that the meritorious climbing speed 50KW/S of being incorporated into the power networks of said wind-powered electricity generation unit (5), the off-grid of said wind-powered electricity generation unit (5) fall off rate≤300KW/S that gains merit.
4. by the said a kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control of claim 1, it is characterized in that the no-voltage ride-through capability time≤300ms of said wind-powered electricity generation unit (5), high voltage ride-through capability time≤500ms.
5. by the said a kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control of claim 1, it is characterized in that the idle distributor (22) that said automatic voltage control system (2) is provided with reactive power compensating controller (21) and is connected with reactive power compensating controller (21).
6. by the said a kind of topological structure that adopts distributed wind farm grid-connected control of claim 1, it is characterized in that said data acquisition and supervisor control (3) are provided with wind energy turbine set reactive power limit computing module (31).
CN2012102971010A 2012-08-21 2012-08-21 Topological structure using distributed wind farm grid-connected control Pending CN102801182A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103151795A (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-06-12 沈阳工业大学 Scattered-type wind power plant reactive power optimization control method capable of reducing fan losses and system
CN104362640A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-02-18 国家电网公司 In-farm reactive power control method for wind farm
CN107611986A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-01-19 远景能源（江苏）有限公司 A kind of method of wind power plant operation
CN109193819A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-11 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of wind power plant reactive voltage hierarchical control method and system
CN109861311A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-06-07 衢州职业技术学院 A kind of grid control method based on communication network
CN109861311B (en) * 2019-03-11 2020-08-21 衢州职业技术学院 Micro-grid control method based on communication network
CN112039121A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-04 水电十四局大理聚能投资有限公司 Automatic reactive power adjusting system and method for grid-connected wind power plant
CN112751371A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-04 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 Reactive power optimization method for near-area power grid containing wind power cluster based on second-order cone algorithm

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Application publication date: 20121128