CN102800955B - A kind of radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna - Google Patents
A kind of radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna, belongs to antenna technical field.Be laminated by multiple identical antenna element, the spacing between adjacent two element antennas is less than 1/2 operation wavelength λ.The metal patch in medium substrate front comprises peach-shaped radiating element, and peach-shaped radiating element is made up of an isosceles triangle metal patch and a semi-elliptic metal, radiating element paster is evenly etched with 26 peach-shaped apertures.Radiating element employing characteristic impedance is the feed microstrip line of 50 ohm, and semi-elliptic metal part is connected with microstrip feed line by trapezoidal transition microstrip line.The metal patch at the medium substrate back side is metal floor, and on metal floor, symmetry is etched with 14 half elliptic apertures.The present invention is applied to the time domain communication mobile terminal of time reversal, and each antenna element channel is relatively independent, and monkey chatter is extremely low, can support higher data transmission rate, the higher availability of frequency spectrum.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical field, relate to the array antenna that a kind of antenna element separation works in sub-wavelength, be specifically related to a kind of time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna for wireless communication terminal.
Background technology
The message capacity and the traffic rate that improve mobile communication system are the targets that mobile communication is pursued.Along with the continuous growth of individual business demand, mobile terminal is faced with message capacity and traffic rate great demand in urgent need to be improved.Design multiple antenna element on mobile terminals, increase independently wireless channel quantity be future mobile communications improve communication of mobile terminal performance Main Means it
According to traditional theory, for making multiaerial system (array antenna) obtain good space diversity gain and spatial multiplex gains, require that antenna element separation is not less than half operation wavelength.If make antenna element separation much smaller than half operation wavelength in the confined space, the coupling caused between unit is increased, the correlation of the wireless channel that each antenna is corresponding improves greatly, the message capacity of mobile terminal system and traffic rate is caused greatly to reduce, grievous injury communication quality, thus lose the meaning introducing multiaerial system.Although people have carried out many research to antenna element miniaturization, because the size of mobile-terminal platform is limited, by mobile terminals integrated for multiple antenna for different channels, shared space is still larger.
Increasingly mature along with time reversal technology, utilizes the adaptive space of time reversal electromagnetic wave, time synchronized focus characteristics, can solve the insurmountable difficult problem of many conventional methods.Time reversal (Time Reversal) needs near information source, arrange that scattering object is to form multipath channel.The time reversal mirror (TRM) placed by far field after scattering object scattering that transmits receives, and after the signal elapsed time inverting received, more again launches.The signal of re-emissioning just can near source point implementation space and time focus on.1991, D.R.Jackson and D.R.Dowling delivers the article (J.Acoust.Soc.Amer. being entitled as " Phase conjugation in underwater acoustics ", vol.89, pp.171-181), theoretical proof is given to the focus characteristics had in " scalar wave " transmission situation time reversal in literary composition.2004, the human hair table titles such as G.lerosey are the article (Phys.Rev.Lett. of " Time Reversal of electromagnetic waves ", vol.92, pp.1939041), the same tool focus characteristics at one's leisure of experimental verification first " time reversal electromagnetic wave " in literary composition.2007, the human hair table titles such as R.Carminati are article (the Optics Lett. of " Theory of the time reversal cavity for electromagnetic fields ", vol.32, Nov.2007), the focusing of dyadic Green's function to time reversal " vector electromagnetic wave " is used to prove in literary composition.Same deliver people such as G.Lerosey in 2007 the article (Science being entitled as " Focusing beyond the diffraction limit with far-field time reversal " at " Science ", vol.315, pp.1119-1122, Feb.2007.), give a kind of sub-wavelength array antenna in literary composition, it is enclosed in around coaxial probe by the wire of random distribution and forms.This array antenna binding time inverting electromagnetic wave, in the wire chamber closed, is operated in 2.45GHz, can shows the super-resolution focus characteristics of 1/30 wavelength.These achievements are also only limitted to the experimental stage at present, and the bandwidth of time reversal array antenna also has much room for improvement, but it has tentatively illustrated the realizability of sub-wavelength super-resolution aerial array.
King in 2011 grasps medium people and proposes " a kind of time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna for wireless mobile terminal " (number of patent application: 201110066620.1; Shen Qing Publication day: 2011.06.29; Inventor: Wang Bingzhong, Ge Guangding, Zang Rui), far field sub-wavelength super-resolution focus characteristics can be shown equally.Compare the aerial array proposed in " Science " article for 2007, this array is with planar monopole for unit, and structure is comparatively compact, be easy to design and integrated, cell size (wide × high) size is 50mm × 55mm, and operating frequency range is 2.7 ~ 6.7GHz, impedance bandwidth (S
11value be less than-10dB or voltage standing wave ratio VSWR is less than 2) be about 4GHz.But, from this patent specification accompanying drawing 4, the sub-wavelength array antenna unit impedance bandwidth of its invention is little, the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR that also not all frequency is corresponding in 2.7 ~ 6.7GHz frequency range is less than 2, therefore limits the operating frequency scope of application of this array antenna to a certain extent.
The present invention is intended to based on time reversal electromagnetic far field super-resolution rate focus characteristics, separate, the spacing of research channel much smaller than the sub wavelength micro structure aerial array of wavelength, for providing best array structure, the method for designing of high-efficiency high-accuracy for the sub wavelength micro structure antenna array design of high-performance mobile terminal.
Summary of the invention
In order to the spacing between effective reduced time inverting array antenna unit, reduce the spatial volume that array antenna takies, the invention provides a kind of radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna.In this array antenna working band, each antenna element input port voltage standing wave ratio is less than 2, the spacing of adjacent two array elements is less than 1/2 operation wavelength (wavelength calculates with centre frequency), has that volume is little, production cost is low, performance is good, be easy to integrated advantage.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna, as shown in Figure 1, be laminated by multiple identical antenna element, the spacing between adjacent two antenna elements is less than 1/2 operation wavelength λ.Each antenna element as shown in Figure 2,3, comprises Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate and the metal patch being positioned at Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate positive and negative.
Front metal paster as shown in Figure 2, comprise a peach-shaped radiating element, described peach-shaped radiating element is formed by connecting by an isosceles triangle metal patch and a semi-elliptic metal, and wherein the major axis of semi-elliptic metal is equal with the base length of isosceles triangle metal patch and overlap; On peach-shaped radiating element, be evenly etched with 26 peach-shaped apertures from top to bottom, wherein the shape of peach-shaped aperture is with overall peach-shaped radiating element shape is similar but direction is contrary; The microstrip feed line that the trapezoidal transition microstrip line that in peach-shaped radiating element, the minor axis lower end of semi-elliptic metal is broadened gradually by one section of width and one section of characteristic impedance are 50 ohm is connected, and characteristic impedance is that the microstrip feed line end of 50 ohm is positioned at Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate minor face center.
Back metal paster is metal floor, and as shown in Figure 3, shape is half elliptic; Half elliptic metal floor is that the microstrip feed line of 50 ohm is corresponding in the position of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate front side with characteristic impedance in the position of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate back; The major axis of half elliptic metal floor is equal with the width of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate and overlap with a broadside of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate, and it is the total length that the microstrip feed line of 50 ohm adds trapezoidal transition microstrip line that the height of half elliptic metal floor is less than characteristic impedance; Half elliptic metal floor is symmetrically etched with 14 half elliptic apertures near the region at elliptic arc edge, and wherein the shape of half elliptic aperture is with overall half elliptic metal floor shape is similar but direction is contrary.
The present invention is according to the coupling of time reversal electromagnetic wave between high density arrays antenna element and the resonance characteristic near unit, realize the High Density Integration sub-wavelength array antenna with high spatial resolution, propose a kind of effective solution realizing high density multiaerial system integration problem on the mobile terminal of limited space, explore the method for designing of the multiple antennas integrated system of the spatial super-resolution characteristic in high-performance mobile communication network of new generation, to improve the performance such as spatial multiplex gains and space diversity gain of multiaerial system.Compared with existing mobile terminal antenna system, this sub-wavelength array antenna can support higher data transmission rate, the higher availability of frequency spectrum, higher Information Security and greater flexibility, greatly enhances message capacity and the traffic rate of mobile terminal.
Although the spacing between sub-wavelength array antenna unit is less than, even much smaller than half wavelength, binding time inverting electromagnetic wave has spatial super-resolution characteristic, greatly can suppress the mutual coupling between point blank antenna.In the space that multi-antenna wireless mobile terminal communication system platform is limited, the number of unit in array antenna compares traditional antenna number of unit undergoes rapid expansion, so make traffic rate, message capacity improves rapidly.When the present invention is applied in practical communication, do not need to carry out complicated process to signal, be only simple inversion procedure, namely can show super-resolution characteristic, it is convenient that whole process implementation gets up, and is easy to Project Realization.
Of particular note, because time reversal electromagnetic wave is with its adaptive space, time focus characteristics, enrich at multipath, environment is under complicated situation, and focusing effect is better.Sub-wavelength multi-antenna array designed by the present invention, have very strong flexible, (mountain area, river, forest, city and suburb can be comprised) in various complex environment, more can make full use of the multipath of signal in complex environment, utilize the coupling between antenna element and particular resonance characteristic, be more conducive to the communication carrying out two-forty, Large Copacity, high reliability and high security in complex environment.
In sum, the present invention is applied in time domain communication system and mobile terminal, utilize time reversal technology, directly inversion procedure is carried out to time-domain signal, each channel in multiaerial system is made to keep relatively independent, mutual coupling is very little, monkey chatter is extremely low, higher data transmission rate, the higher availability of frequency spectrum, higher Information Security and greater flexibility can be supported, greatly enhance message capacity and the traffic rate of mobile terminal, and then guarantee the communication quality in multiple antennas, high capacity communication process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is array antenna structure schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is antenna unit structure front schematic view and the size marking of array antenna provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is antenna unit structure schematic rear view and the size marking of array antenna provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the simulation result of array antenna unit structure input port voltage standing wave ratio provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is the far field radiation pattern simulation result of antenna element under 4GHz frequency of array antenna provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is the far field radiation pattern simulation result of antenna element under 5.5GHz frequency of array antenna provided by the invention.
Fig. 7 is the far field radiation pattern simulation result of antenna element under 6GHz frequency of array antenna provided by the invention.
Fig. 8 is array antenna array super-resolution test result provided by the invention.
Embodiment
A kind of radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna, as shown in Figure 1, be laminated by multiple identical antenna element, the spacing between adjacent two antenna elements is less than 1/2 operation wavelength λ.Each antenna element as shown in Figure 2,3, comprises Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate and the metal patch being positioned at Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate positive and negative.
Front metal paster as shown in Figure 2, comprise a peach-shaped radiating element, described peach-shaped radiating element is formed by connecting by an isosceles triangle metal patch and a semi-elliptic metal, and wherein the major axis of semi-elliptic metal is equal with the base length of isosceles triangle metal patch and overlap; On peach-shaped radiating element, be evenly etched with 26 peach-shaped apertures from top to bottom, wherein the shape of peach-shaped aperture is with overall peach-shaped radiating element shape is similar but direction is contrary; The microstrip feed line that the trapezoidal transition microstrip line that in peach-shaped radiating element, the minor axis lower end of semi-elliptic metal is broadened gradually by one section of width and one section of characteristic impedance are 50 ohm is connected, and characteristic impedance is that the microstrip feed line end of 50 ohm is positioned at Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate minor face center.
Back metal paster is metal floor, and as shown in Figure 3, shape is half elliptic; Half elliptic metal floor is that the microstrip feed line of 50 ohm is corresponding in the position of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate front side with characteristic impedance in the position of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate back; The major axis of half elliptic metal floor is equal with the width of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate and overlap with a broadside of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate, and it is the total length that the microstrip feed line of 50 ohm adds trapezoidal transition microstrip line that the height of half elliptic metal floor is less than characteristic impedance; Half elliptic metal floor is symmetrically etched with 14 half elliptic apertures near the region at elliptic arc edge, and wherein the shape of half elliptic aperture is with overall half elliptic metal floor shape is similar but direction is contrary.
The span of described dielectric substrate thickness is between 1/20 ~ 1/2 operation wavelength, and relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and loss angle tangent is 0.001.
It should be noted that, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 just gives a kind of embodiment, is the proof to the technology of the present invention effect, and is not limitation of the invention further.Those skilled in the art, according to the description of technical solution of the present invention, should determine that the present invention has more multiclass seemingly implementation.
Described peach-shaped aperture by major axis be 1.6mm, minor axis is the semiellipse of 1.2mm and is highly that the isosceles triangle of 0.8mm is spliced, the base of isosceles triangle overlaps with semielliptical major axis; The major axis of described half elliptic aperture is 2.0mm, minor axis is 1.6mm.
As shown in Figure 2: the long 35mm of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate, wide 33mm, thick 0.5mm, dielectric substrate relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and loss angle tangent is 0.001; Characteristic impedance is the long 10mm of microstrip feed line of 50 ohm, wide 1.6mm, the long 2.75mm of trapezoidal transition microstrip line, and width is incremented to 1.6mm gradually by 0.97mm; The semiellipse paster major axis of peach-shaped radiating element is 21mm, minor axis is 12mm, and isosceles triangle paster base overlaps with semiellipse major axis, and height is 12mm; Peach-shaped radiating element paster evenly etches 26 peach-shaped apertures, direction is contrary with peach-shaped radiating element, peach-shaped aperture by major axis be 1.6mm, minor axis is the semiellipse of 1.2mm and is highly that the isosceles triangle of 0.8mm is spliced, the base of isosceles triangle overlaps with semielliptical major axis, 26 peach-shaped apertures are divided into 7 rows, and the 1st drains into the 7th row's peach-shaped aperture number is followed successively by 1,2,3,4,5,6,5.
Half elliptic metal floor major axis is 33mm, minor axis is 25mm, paster is symmetrically etched with 14 half elliptic apertures along elliptic arc edge, direction is contrary with half elliptic metal floor, the major axis of half elliptic aperture is 2.0mm, minor axis is 1.6mm, be parallel to semiellipse floor long axis direction and be arranged in order five rows, vertical interval is followed successively by 1.5mm, 2mm, 2mm, 2mm, is followed successively by 4mm, 4mm, 3mm in the adjacent apertures level interval of minor axis.
The voltage standing wave ratio of above-mentioned antenna array unit in 2GHz-10GHz frequency range and far-field radiation directional characteristic are shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
Fig. 4 gives feed port voltage standing wave ratio, meets voltage standing wave ratio in the bandwidth of 3.19-10GHz all below 2.
Fig. 5 gives antenna element under 4GHz frequency, the direction of an electric field figure in E face.
Fig. 6 gives antenna element under 5.5GHz frequency, the direction of an electric field figure in E face.
Fig. 7 gives antenna element under 6GHz frequency, the direction of an electric field figure in E face.
As shown in Figure 1,4 antenna element composition arrays, antenna surface opposite is put, and spacing is less than half wavelength, until 1/40 wavelength all can show the focus characteristics of super-resolution.Fig. 8 gives aerial array, the super-resolution characteristic that binding time inversion technique shows.Definition antenna element is followed successively by 1,2,3, No. 4 antenna element from top to bottom.For No. 2 antennas, when No. 2 antennas send signal, TRM sends after extracting its channel characteristics again, and the signal amplitude only having No. 2 antenna elements to receive is maximum, and the signal amplitude that other antenna receives all is less than the half of No. 2 antennas.This means, during communication, No. 2 antennas are independently channels, and No. 2 antennas are very little to the interference of other antenna.And other antenna is when communicating, also be, with No. 2 antennas, there is the status be equal to, each antenna represents a separate channel, all has very little interference to other antenna, and time reversal technology can be utilized very easily to carry out two-forty, high-quality multi-antenna communication.
With the patent of invention (number of patent application: 201110066620.1) applied for described in background technology, in patent of the present invention, antenna element size is only 33mm × 35mm, volume is less, impedance bandwidth is 6.81GHz, bandwidth is wider, be 1.7 times of above-mentioned patent impedance bandwidth, the basic covering ultra wideband of the operating frequency of antenna scope of application (UWB) frequency range, has stronger engineer applied and is worth.Table 1 lists antenna element parameter comparison situation in patent of the present invention and above-mentioned patent of invention of having applied for, wherein λ
lfor the operation wavelength corresponding to antenna element low side operating frequency.
Table 1 patent of the present invention and antenna element parameter comparison in the patent of invention of applying for
| λ L(mm) | Size (wide × high) | Operating frequency range/impedance bandwidth (GHz) | |
| The patent of invention of having applied for | 111 | 0.45λ L×0.50λ L | 2.7~6.7/4 |
| Patent of the present invention | 94 | 0.35λ L×0.37λ L | 3.19~10/6.81 |
Claims (3)
1. a radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna, is laminated by multiple identical antenna element, and the spacing between adjacent two antenna elements is less than 1/2 operation wavelength λ; Each antenna element comprises Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate and is positioned at the metal patch of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate positive and negative;
Front metal paster comprises a peach-shaped radiating element, described peach-shaped radiating element is formed by connecting by an isosceles triangle metal patch and a semi-elliptic metal, and wherein the major axis of semi-elliptic metal is equal with the base length of isosceles triangle metal patch and overlap; On peach-shaped radiating element, evenly be etched with 26 peach-shaped apertures from top to bottom, wherein the shape of peach-shaped aperture is with overall peach-shaped radiating element shape is similar but direction is contrary, described 26 peach-shaped apertures are divided into 7 rows, and the 1st drains into the 7th row's peach-shaped aperture number is followed successively by 1,2,3,4,5,6,5; The microstrip feed line that the trapezoidal transition microstrip line that in peach-shaped radiating element, the minor axis lower end of semi-elliptic metal is broadened gradually by one section of width and one section of characteristic impedance are 50 ohm is connected, and characteristic impedance is that the microstrip feed line end of 50 ohm is positioned at Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate minor face center;
Back metal paster is half elliptic metal floor; Half elliptic metal floor is that the microstrip feed line of 50 ohm is corresponding in the position of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate front side with characteristic impedance in the position of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate back; The major axis of half elliptic metal floor is equal with the width of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate and overlap with a broadside of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate, and it is the total length that the microstrip feed line of 50 ohm adds trapezoidal transition microstrip line that the height of half elliptic metal floor is less than characteristic impedance; Region near elliptic arc edge on half elliptic metal floor is symmetrically etched with 14 half elliptic apertures, wherein the shape of half elliptic aperture is with overall half elliptic metal floor shape is similar but direction is contrary, described 14 half elliptic apertures are parallel to semiellipse floor long axis direction and are arranged in order five rows, vertical interval is followed successively by 1.5mm, 2mm, 2mm, 2mm, is followed successively by 4mm, 4mm, 3mm in the adjacent apertures level interval of minor axis.
2. radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the span of described dielectric substrate thickness is between 1/20 ~ 1/2 operation wavelength, and relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and loss angle tangent is 0.001.
3. radio communication time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the long 35mm of Rectangular Enclosure with Participating Media substrate, wide 33mm, thick 0.5mm, dielectric substrate relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and loss angle tangent is 0.001; Characteristic impedance is the long 10mm of microstrip feed line of 50 ohm, wide 1.6mm, the long 2.75mm of trapezoidal transition microstrip line, and width is incremented to 1.6mm gradually by 0.97mm; The semiellipse paster major axis of peach-shaped radiating element is 21mm, minor axis is 12mm, and isosceles triangle paster base overlaps with semiellipse major axis, and height is 12mm; Peach-shaped radiating element paster evenly etches 26 peach-shaped apertures, direction is contrary with peach-shaped radiating element, peach-shaped aperture by major axis be 1.6mm, minor axis is the semiellipse of 1.2mm and is highly that the isosceles triangle of 0.8mm is spliced, the base of isosceles triangle overlaps with semielliptical major axis, 26 peach-shaped apertures are divided into 7 rows, and the 1st drains into the 7th row's peach-shaped aperture number is followed successively by 1,2,3,4,5,6,5;
Half elliptic metal floor major axis is 33mm, minor axis is 25mm, paster is symmetrically etched with 14 half elliptic apertures along elliptic arc edge, direction is contrary with half elliptic metal floor, the major axis of half elliptic aperture is 2.0mm, minor axis is 1.6mm, be parallel to semiellipse floor long axis direction and be arranged in order five rows, vertical interval is followed successively by 1.5mm, 2mm, 2mm, 2mm, is followed successively by 4mm, 4mm, 3mm in the adjacent apertures level interval of minor axis.
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| CN103151617B (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2015-05-13 | 电子科技大学 | High-gain low-sidelobe narrow-beam heart-shaped array antenna |
| CN107799884B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-11-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Two-dimensional sub-wavelength array antenna and the wireless telecom equipment of application, radar terminal |
| CN108879095A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-23 | 中国计量大学 | Spade microstrip with holes |
| CN110994152A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 | Antenna module for simulating terminal radiation, and in-vehicle electromagnetic radiation testing system and method |
| CN112103630A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-18 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Ultra-wideband antenna with double trap characteristics |
| CN115377690B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-04-30 | 电子科技大学 | Annular broadband circularly polarized on-chip antenna applied to millimeter wave vehicle-mounted radar |
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| EP0516440B1 (en) * | 1991-05-30 | 1997-10-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Microstrip antenna |
| CN201946758U (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-08-24 | 电子科技大学 | Time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna for wireless mobile terminal |
| CN202695719U (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-01-23 | 电子科技大学 | Time reversal subwavelength array antenna used for wireless communication |
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| CN102110901B (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2013-05-08 | 电子科技大学 | Time reversal subwavelength array antenna used for wireless mobile terminal |
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| EP0516440B1 (en) * | 1991-05-30 | 1997-10-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Microstrip antenna |
| CN201946758U (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-08-24 | 电子科技大学 | Time reversal sub-wavelength array antenna for wireless mobile terminal |
| CN202695719U (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-01-23 | 电子科技大学 | Time reversal subwavelength array antenna used for wireless communication |
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| A Miniaturized Subwavelength Array of Planar Monopoles Based on Far-field Time Reversal;Mu-Sheng Liang, Bing-Zhong Wang;《Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), 2012 International Conference》;20120508;第1页左栏第1行-第4页左栏第30行，图1-图6 * |
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