CN102798894A - Sliding scanning harmonic suppression method based on sparse inversion - Google Patents
Sliding scanning harmonic suppression method based on sparse inversion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sliding scanning harmonic suppression method based on sparse inversion. Scanning of subsequent scanning in a sliding scanning continuous record after hearing time is considered as a record which is not polluted by the harmonic and serves as a starting shot for harmonic suppression processing; and a relevant after-normal single-shot record after the harmonic of a front shot is suppressed is obtained through inversion processing along the actual acquisition time. By the method, the main harmonic pollution components can be extracted and obviously suppressed; compared with the quality of the conventional single shot, the quality of the suppressed single-shot record is obviously improved, and the strong high-frequency harmonic pollution of a middle deep layer is eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vibroseis slip scan acquisition technique field in the petroleum prospecting, is a kind of slip scan harmonic wave drawing method based on sparse inverting that is used for removing the harmonic pollution that vibroseis slip scan image data exists.
Background technology
When adopting vibroseis to gather by land,, often can observe force signal and receiving record and all have harmonic distortion owing to reasons such as the non-linear factor of the non-linear coupling on the vibroseis and the face of land, vibroseis itself and inadequate feedback systems.If adopt the down sweep mode, the fundametal compoment of force signal and receiving record simple crosscorrelation, harmonic interference are present in the continuous to the position of record, and the harmonic interference of so strong first arrival tends to influence the identification of reflection wave; And adopt the upsweep mode, and the fundametal compoment of force signal and receiving record simple crosscorrelation, harmonic interference are present in the front end of record, and the harmonic interference of so strong first arrival just can not influence reflection wave.When therefore constructing, often adopt raising frequency linear sweep mode in the open air.
People such as A.J.Seriff proposed the character of harmonic wave in the slip scan record and the trial of characteristics and various compacting harmonic waves in 1970, and wherein major part is handled to gross data.The slip scan collection is exactly before the data recording of last group of vibroseis scanning finishes; The one group of ready vibroseis in back begins scanning afterwards in the time interval (sliding time) that instrument is set; Wherein sliding time can not be less than record length, and instrument is handled the original female record that receives, and at first is syncopated as the raw readings of every big gun according to the record length of every big gun according to the TB time; Relevant with reference signal then with the raw readings of each big gun, the single shot record after output is relevant.Therefore, it is a kind of acquisition techniques that vibroseiss carry out continuous or overlapping scan of organizing that utilize more, because of its acquisition time that can shorten single shake frequency improves collecting efficiency.
Yet; The conventional acquisition method of vibroseis can weaken the influence of harmonic pollution to a great extent through upsweep; But when the operation of vibroseis slip scan, then must face the harmonic pollution influence that follow up scan produces preceding one scan; Be forced in seeking balance between collecting efficiency and the data quality---prolong sliding time on the one hand, reduce the influence of harmonic interference, but reduced collecting efficiency; Then tolerate harmonic pollution to a certain degree on the other hand, can significantly improve production efficiency, but harmonic pollution is affected data quality.Thereby, become the bottleneck problem that influences its widespread use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to put forward a kind of harmonic pollution problem that exists in the vibroseis slip scan record that solves, and improves the slip scan harmonic wave drawing method based on sparse inverting of data quality.
The present invention realizes through following concrete steps:
1) vibroseis acquiring seismic data; Data and force signal before slip scan is relevant; At first begin to handle, utilize short time discrete Fourier transform to separate, isolate first-harmonic, second harmonic, third harmonic composition at time-frequency domain to the force signal of last big gun from last big gun; Isolated fundametal compoment is made simple crosscorrelation with relevant preceding record, obtain relevant back record x
0(t);
2) to be example together, maximum x takes absolute value from the record of relevant back
Max, from sequence, search | x
0(t) |＞α x
Max, form with x
MaxFor one section zone at center, confirm the strong first arrival of vibroseis;
Wherein: x
MaxMaximum for absolute value, α is＜1 constant;
3) utilize from force signal isolated fundametal compoment to carry out auto-correlation and obtain zero-phase wavelet, utilize this wavelet in the record of relevant back, to carry out match tracing, obtain the rarefaction reflection coefficient of first arrival, obtain relevant before the fundametal compoment of the strong first arrival of record;
4) fundametal compoment that before relevant, deducts strong first arrival the record obtains remaining record
1 order harmonics s with itself and force signal
1(t) carry out simple crosscorrelation, obtain relevant back record x
1(t);
5) to relevant back record x
1(t), the wavelet w that obtains with 1 order harmonics auto-correlation
1(t) in strong first arrival zone, adopt the match tracing method, obtain the first arrival coefficient of an order harmonics, thereby obtain strong first arrival 1 order harmonic component in the record before relevant;
6) deduct strong first arrival one order harmonic component that step 5) obtains in the residue record
that from step 4), obtains; Obtain another residue record; According to the method for from the step 4) to the step 5), extracting an order harmonic component, extract more high-order harmonic wave component such as 2 rank of strong first arrival in before relevant, writing down, 3 rank;
High-order harmonic wave components such as 1 rank that the fundametal compoment of the strong first arrival of preceding record of being correlated with that 7) the employing step 3) obtains and step 5) and step 6) obtain, 2 rank; According to the sliding time of gathering; From forward gun, deduct these harmonic components, obtain not having the relevant preceding record of harmonic pollution in the relevant position;
8) the relevant preceding fundametal compoment that writes down and from the forward gun force signal, extract that does not have harmonic pollution that obtains step 7) is carried out simple crosscorrelation, just obtains the normal single shot record in relevant back after forward gun is suppressed harmonic wave.
The present invention has reached and the no harmonic wave gross data degree of simulating very nearly the same through the harmonic wave compacting; Can well extract main harmonic pollution composition; And well mute; The result sees from time frequency analysis, 1 time, 2 times until 5 harmonic componentss with interior high frequency all by obvious compacting (shown in Figure 2).Significantly improve through the single shot record (shown in Figure 4) after the compression process and original single big gun specific mass quality, the strong high-frequency harmonic of having eliminated mid-deep strata pollutes, and these harmonic pollutions all concentrate on nearly offset distance scope (as shown in Figure 5).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a last big gun road time-frequency record, and top is the time domain record in this road, is corresponding time frequency analysis below;
Fig. 2 is certain road time-frequency behind the last big gun detuning ripple, has only removed 5 times here with interior harmonic wave, and top is the time domain record in this road, is corresponding time frequency analysis below;
Fig. 3 removes humorous wavefront single shot record, the harmonic pollution of the visible high frequency of nearly offset distance mid-deep strata;
Fig. 4 is a single shot record behind the removal harmonic wave, removes 5 times with behind the interior harmonic pollution;
Fig. 5 is that the harmonic wave of removing shows that 5 times that remove with the demonstration of interior harmonic wave on single big gun.
Embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Harmonic noise in the slip scan record is rendered as the pollution of follow up scan to the front sweep record; Therefore; Can think the scanning of follow up scan in the slip scan continuous recording after the time of listening not by the record of harmonic pollution; As the initial big gun of harmonic wave compression process, along reverse processing of actual acquisition time.The present invention be to slip scan not the harmonic wave in the relative recording decompose and remove.
Implementing procedure of the present invention is following:
(1) the vibroseis slip scan geological data of gathering comprises: data and the corresponding force signal of every big gun before slip scan is relevant.At first begin to handle from last big gun; Force signal is positioned at auxiliary channels and utilizes short time discrete Fourier transform to separate at time-frequency domain to the force signal of last big gun; Isolate first-harmonic, second harmonic, third harmonic composition; And with isolated fundametal compoment with relevant before record make simple crosscorrelation, obtain the record x after relevant
0(t);
(2) to be example together, maximum x takes absolute value from the record of relevant back
Max, from sequence, search | x
0(t) |＞α x
Max, confirm the first arrival scope;
Wherein: x
MaxMaximum for absolute value, α is＜1 constant, can get the size of α according to data characteristics, such as 0.9; Zone through after searching for has like this formed with x
MaxBe one section zone at center, this zone just is the strong first arrival zone in this road of this big gun.
(3) utilize in the first step from force signal isolated fundametal compoment to carry out auto-correlation and obtain zero-phase wavelet, utilize this wavelet in the record of relevant back, to carry out match tracing, obtain the rarefaction reflection coefficient of first arrival; Concrete grammar is: make simple crosscorrelation with zero-phase wavelet with relevant back trace record; Find relevant maximum point, extract this sample value, and then search for the 2nd relevant maximum point; Extract its sample value; So, extract the sample value of series of discrete successively, such sample value sequence is exactly the first arrival reflection coefficient sequence of the first-harmonic of rarefaction.Reflection coefficient has been arranged,, just obtained the fundametal compoment of the strong first arrival of relevant preceding record with the first-harmonic composition and the reflection coefficient convolution of the force signal that obtains in the first step;
(4) before relevant, deduct the fundametal compoment of the strong first arrival that the 3rd step obtained the record, obtain remaining record
, will
1 order harmonics s with force signal
1(t) carry out simple crosscorrelation, obtain relevant back record x
1(t);
(5) to relevant back record x
1(t), carry out auto-correlation with 1 order harmonics that obtains in the first step and obtain wavelet w
1(t), utilize w
1(t) to relevant back record x
1(t) it is the same in strong first arrival zone, to go on foot the first arrival coefficient that obtains first-harmonic with the 3rd, adopts the match tracing method, obtains the first arrival coefficient of an order harmonics, thereby obtains strong first arrival 1 order harmonic component in the record before relevant;
(6) deduct strong first arrival one order harmonic component that (5) step obtained in the residue record
that from the 4th step, obtains; Obtain another residue record; According to from (4)-extract the method for an order harmonic component to (5) step, extract more high-order harmonic wave component such as 2 rank of strong first arrival in before relevant, writing down, 3 rank;
(7) high-order harmonic wave components such as 1 rank that fundametal compoment and the (5th) (6) step of the strong first arrival of record before relevant that (3) step obtained obtain, 2 rank have been arranged; According to the sliding time of gathering; From forward gun, deduct these harmonic components, obtain not having the relevant preceding record of harmonic pollution in the relevant position;
(8) the relevant preceding fundametal compoment that writes down and from the forward gun force signal, extract that does not have harmonic pollution that obtained for (7) step is carried out simple crosscorrelation, just obtains the normal single shot record (shown in Figure 4) in relevant back after forward gun is suppressed harmonic wave.
The application of the present invention on experimental data, main acquisition parameter is as shown in the table:
The acquisition parameter table
| Focus group number | 4 groups |
| Sweep length | 12s |
| Sliding time | 7s |
| Record length | 7s |
| Sweep frequency | 10--72Hz |
| Record length | 7s |
| Track pitch | 25m |
| The big gun distance | 25m |
| The road number | 297 roads (281 recording channels, 16 auxiliary channelss) |
| Data type | Related data (SEGD form) not |
Data to gathering are analyzed, and the auxiliary channels in the data that collection in worksite obtains comprises following 4 contents: reference signal, force signal, weight signal, dull and stereotyped signal; Nearly shot point road before choosing is relevant carries out time frequency analysis (like Fig. 1), visible harmonic pollution from back one big gun.There is very strong harmonic energy (like Fig. 3) in the single big gun mid-deep strata in relevant back, because the high-frequency harmonic decay is very fast, so harmonic pollution mainly concentrates in the nearly geophone offset scope.
After the embodiment of the present invention, the result sees from time frequency analysis, 1 time, 2 times until 5 harmonic componentss with interior high frequency all by obvious compacting (shown in Figure 2).Significantly improve through the single shot record (shown in Figure 4) after the compression process and original single big gun specific mass quality, the strong high-frequency harmonic of having eliminated mid-deep strata pollutes, and these harmonic pollutions all concentrate on nearly offset distance scope (as shown in Figure 5).
Harmonic wave compacting of the present invention has reached the no harmonic wave gross data degree very nearly the same with simulation, can well extract main harmonic pollution composition, and well mute.
Claims (2)
1. slip scan harmonic wave drawing method based on sparse inverting, characteristics are to realize through following concrete steps:
1) vibroseis acquiring seismic data, data and force signal before slip scan is relevant;
2) to be example together, maximum x takes absolute value from the record of relevant back
Max, from sequence, search | x
0(t) |＞α x
Max, form with x
MaxFor one section zone at center, confirm the strong first arrival of vibroseis;
Wherein: x
MaxMaximum for absolute value, α is＜1 constant;
3) utilize from force signal isolated fundametal compoment to carry out auto-correlation and obtain zero-phase wavelet, utilize this wavelet in the record of relevant back, to carry out match tracing, obtain the rarefaction reflection coefficient of first arrival, obtain relevant before the fundametal compoment of the strong first arrival of record;
4) fundametal compoment that before relevant, deducts strong first arrival the record obtains remaining record
1 order harmonics s with itself and force signal
1(t) carry out simple crosscorrelation, obtain relevant back record x
1(t);
5) to relevant back record x
1(t) the wavelet w that obtains with 1 order harmonics auto-correlation
1(t) in strong first arrival zone, adopt the match tracing method, obtain the first arrival coefficient of an order harmonics, thereby obtain strong first arrival 1 order harmonic component in the record before relevant;
6) deduct strong first arrival one order harmonic component that step 5) obtains in the residue record
that from step 4), obtains; Obtain another residue record; According to the method for from the step 4) to the step 5), extracting an order harmonic component, extract strong first arrival above high-order harmonic wave component in 2 rank, 3 rank or 3 rank in the record before relevant;
The above high-order harmonic wave component in 1 rank, 2 rank or 3 rank that the fundametal compoment of the strong first arrival of preceding record of being correlated with that 7) the employing step 3) obtains and step 5) and step 6) obtain; According to the sliding time of gathering; From forward gun, deduct these harmonic components, obtain not having the relevant preceding record of harmonic pollution in the relevant position;
8) the relevant preceding fundametal compoment that writes down and from the forward gun force signal, extract that does not have harmonic pollution that obtains step 7) is carried out simple crosscorrelation, just obtains the normal single shot record in relevant back after forward gun is suppressed harmonic wave.
2. method according to claim 1; Data and force signal were at first to begin to handle from last big gun before the described slip scan of step 1) was relevant; Force signal to last big gun utilizes short time discrete Fourier transform to separate at time-frequency domain; Isolate first-harmonic, second harmonic, third harmonic composition, isolated fundametal compoment is made simple crosscorrelation with relevant preceding record, obtain relevant back record x
0(t).
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103885085A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Method for suppressing controllable epicenter harmonic wave interference |
| CN104422954A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sparse sampling method in seismic data regularization |
| CN105277983A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-01-27 | 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司 | Novel method for suppressing vibroseis slide scanning harmonic interference |
| CN106094024A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of controlled source slip scan data acquisition treatment method and device |
| CN106199715A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2016-12-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Strong reflection separation method based on model and device |
| CN106199691A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2016-12-07 | 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司 | Parallel the Forward Modeling based on controlled source slip scan method |
| CN104111477B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2017-01-11 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method and system for acquiring sliding time for harmonic suppression |
| CN107255835A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method for pressing machinery factor harmonic wave interference |
| CN108957551A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-07 | 吉林大学 | Controlled source harmonic suppression method based on reconstruct ground force signal |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103885085A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Method for suppressing controllable epicenter harmonic wave interference |
| CN103885085B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2017-02-08 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Method for suppressing controllable epicenter harmonic wave interference |
| CN104422954A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sparse sampling method in seismic data regularization |
| CN105277983A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-01-27 | 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司 | Novel method for suppressing vibroseis slide scanning harmonic interference |
| CN105277983B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2018-04-17 | 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司 | The method of suppressing controllable seismic-source slip scan harmonic wave interference |
| CN104111477B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2017-01-11 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method and system for acquiring sliding time for harmonic suppression |
| CN106199691A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2016-12-07 | 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司 | Parallel the Forward Modeling based on controlled source slip scan method |
| CN106199715A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2016-12-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Strong reflection separation method based on model and device |
| CN106094024A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of controlled source slip scan data acquisition treatment method and device |
| CN107255835A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method for pressing machinery factor harmonic wave interference |
| CN107255835B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-01-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A method of for pressing machinery factor harmonic wave interference |
| CN108957551A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-07 | 吉林大学 | Controlled source harmonic suppression method based on reconstruct ground force signal |
| CN108957551B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-06-19 | 吉林大学 | Vibroseis harmonic suppression method based on reconstructed ground force signal |
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