CN102787700A

CN102787700A - Sunshine tile

Info

Publication number: CN102787700A
Application number: CN2011101275243A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐征远
Original assignee: SHANGHAI TIANQI NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: SHANGHAI TIANQI NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2011-05-17
Filing date: 2011-05-17
Publication date: 2012-11-21
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-17
Also published as: CN102787700B

Abstract

The invention relates to a photoelectric photo-thermal sunshine tile. The sunshine tile can also perform conversion of photo-electricity and photo-thermal while having water resistance of common tiles. The sunshine tile comprises a solar conversion assembly, and the solar conversion assembly enables optical radiation of solar energy to be converted into electric energy and thermal energy and enables thermal radiation of sunlight to be converted into thermal energy. Use efficiency of the solar energy is greatly improved, conversion loss rate is reduced to the minimum, and conversion use ratio is improved to the maximum.

Description

The sunlight tile

Technical field

The present invention relates to building field, especially, relate to a kind of improvement, more particularly, relate to a kind of tile that has photovoltaic generation and photothermal treatment function simultaneously tile.

Background technology

Tile is important roof waterpoof material, generally burns till with earth, and also material such as useful cement is processed, shape have arch, flat or hemicycle tubular etc.Change in modern times in the society, people are increasingly high to the pursuit of comfortable building thermal environments, cause the energy consumption of building and heating and air-conditioning growing.In developed country, energy for building has accounted for the 30%-40% of national total energy consumption, and economic development has been formed certain restrictive function.Therefore people hope heliotechnics is applied in the building, to reduce energy for building.Tile is laid on the top of building usually, has good lighting performance, so since the seventies in last century, people just attempt solar panel is installed in tiled surface, so that tile also has the photovoltaic generation ability when having water-proof function.

This photovoltaic generating system that is installed on the intrinsic building claims to abbreviate as BAPV (Building Attached Photovoltaic), and the secondary transformation that it is generally used for existing building also is a photovoltaic building field embodiment early.Yet the BAPV technology often need be used for the bracing or strutting arrangement of support solar cell panel separately when implementing, and this has not only increased cost but also brought trouble to installation.For example, if when being installed in solar panel on the tile, need the support component that be used for the support solar cell panel be installed earlier on tile, again solar panel is laid on this support component.Generally, the weight of this support component can be much larger than solar panel, and this has just proposed very high requirement to the load-bearing property of tile itself.In addition, because support component will be installed on tile, so also need tile itself to have the tie point that can fix said support component.Above-mentioned situation has limited the development of BAPV technology.

Shortcoming to above-mentioned BAPV technology; People propose the part of photovoltaic generating system as the outside enclosed structure; And design simultaneously, construct and install with building, solar photovoltaic building integrated (BIPV, Building Integrated Photovoltaic) technology that Here it is.BIPV makes building itself have member and material function has the function that photoelectricity changes commentaries on classics outward simultaneously.For instance; Be different from the BAPV technology; The tile of utilization BIPV technology itself just is integrated with solar-energy photo-voltaic cell; Tile itself plays the effect of support thereby need not extra support component, and the installing and laying mode of this BIPV tile is basic identical with common tile, and just it has the function of water resistance and photovoltaic generation simultaneously concurrently.BIPV is the principal mode of modern photovoltaic building, and all can carry the building of photovoltaic generating system to be widely used in various civilian construction, public building, industrial construction etc.Owing to combine the not occupying volume outer ground space of solar panel, be the best mounting means of photovoltaic generating system extensive use in the city with building.

In present BIPV used, people had seen that it has following superiority:

1) but original place generating, original place use, reduce the expense and the energy consumption of current delivery process;

2) avoid the photovoltaic module array to take additional space, saved the braced structures that provides for optoelectronic device separately;

3) use the novel building maintenance materials, practiced thrift expensive decorative material, reduce the overall cost of building, and make architectural appearance that aesthetic values more arranged;

4) because of intensity of sunshine and high-voltage fence peak times of power consumption basic synchronization, the pressure of electrical network when the electric power peak of having releived is alleviated the imbalance between supply and demand of electrical network peak valley, has great social benefit;

5) air pollution of having avoided the fuel generating to be brought;

The tile of existing utilization BIPV technology often has a base plate and a main stor(e)y, and main stor(e)y is attached on the base plate, and it comprises solar battery sheet or solar module.This base plate is used for being connected with building.Normally, in existing solar energy tile, base plate is provided with the structure that is connected with the building roof, perhaps uses adhesive directly to be cured on the building roof the solar energy tile is bonding.Owing to be positioned at the roof of building; So the solar cell in the mainboard can absorb sunshine preferably under suitable light angle; And after absorbing sunshine, be electric energy and be incorporated in the network system of family through the electric output block that is arranged in main stor(e)y or the base plate with transform light energy; Think that family provides household electricity, or directly connect electrical network transmission and give.

Mostly solar cell in the market is polycrystal silicon cell and monocrystalline silicon battery; This silion cell photoelectric transformation efficiency under the situation of 25 degrees centigrade of temperature is 13%-16%, can cause the rising of battery surface temperature after these sunshines that can't convert electric energy to are absorbed by battery.In addition; In order to absorb sunshine better; The solar battery sheet of solar energy tile is to be directly exposed under the sunshine at work; The heat radiation of sunlight also can cause whole solar energy tile temperature very high, because heat conducting effect, the high temperature of solar energy tile self also can have influence on its solar battery sheet.Yet too high temperature can be brought side effect to the operating efficiency of polycrystal silicon cell or monocrystalline silicon battery.Through evidence; After the operating temperature of battery surpasses its optimum working temperature, 1 degree centigrade of every rising, the open-circuit voltage 2.0mV-2.2mV that descends approximately; And the peak power loss late is about 0.35%～0.45%, and the solar cell short circuit current can raise with the rising of temperature in addition.This shows that the too high temperature of solar cell can have influence on its conversion efficiency, accelerates its rate of decay simultaneously, reduces its application life.

To above-mentioned shortcoming, the someone has designed a kind of new type solar energy tile, and it is made up of base plate and two main stor(e)ies, and first main stor(e)y comprises solar cell or battery pack, and second main stor(e)y then is provided with the thin reservoir that has thermophore.Wherein, First main stor(e)y is arranged on the top of said base plate; Second main stor(e)y is arranged on the below of base plate; Solar cell in such first main stor(e)y produces electric energy through absorbing sunlight, and second main stor(e)y then absorbs sunlight tile framework through the thermophore in its thin reservoir owing to directly absorb the heat that sun heat radiation produced, through the hot water in heat-exchanging part supply and the preheating dwelling house running water pipe.

The heat that sun heat radiation produced though aforesaid way can be taken away in the sunlight watt framework, the heat that can't eliminate on the solar battery sheet to be produced comprises the heat that the solar heat radiation produces in the heat of battery sheet and photoelectric conversion process.In fact; Except the radiant heat that direct irradiation of sunlight battery sheet produces; Because the photoelectric transformation efficiency of solar battery sheet only has 13%-16%; So there is the light radiation of about 80% sunshine in photoelectric conversion process, to be converted into heat, the heat that produces in this photoelectric conversion process also can make its surface temperature raise, and then has influence on its conversion efficiency.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, a kind of solar electrical energy generation capable of using is provided, the sunlight tile that simultaneously can be in the lump when work sunlight tile and solar energy converting unit be cooled off is favourable.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of sunlight tile, and it comprises: watt body; The solar energy converting unit can be accepted sunlight and utilizes self-characteristic to convert solar energy into electric energy thereby it is arranged on tiled surface and is orientated its sensitive surface; Cooling unit, its support and be arranged on by watt body the solar energy converting unit in contrast to shady face one side of sensitive surface simultaneously watt body and solar energy converting unit are lowered the temperature; The insulating heat-conductive layer, it is arranged between solar energy converting unit and the cooling unit, the insulating heat-conductive layer make the insulation of the relative cooling unit of solar energy converting unit and with the transfer of heat of solar energy converting unit in cooling unit.

Because the cooling unit of sunlight tile of the present invention can be lowered the temperature to watt body and solar energy converting unit simultaneously; So when the sunlight tile is worked; Make temperature and the temperature of solar energy converting unit of watt body of sunlight tile can excessively not rise; Thereby the solar energy converting unit can be maintained in the preferable operating temperature, and photovoltaic efficiency can be guaranteed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the insulating heat-conductive layer comprises the ceramic film that makes the insulation of the relative cooling unit of solar energy converting unit and with the seamless metal heat-conducting setting course that engages of the ceramic film and the shady face of solar energy converting unit.

In this embodiment; Ceramic film makes the relative cooling unit insulation of solar energy converting unit to avoid energy loss; Simultaneously; Because the metal heat-conducting setting course makes ceramic film engage with the seamless unoccupied place of the shady face of solar energy converting unit, so can guarantee that the insulating heat-conductive layer is effectively with the cooling unit of transferring to that produces in the photoelectric conversion process.

In another preferred implementation of the present invention, the solar energy converting unit comprises at least one silicon wafer battery sheet, and the shady face of each silicon wafer battery sheet is applied ointment or plaster on a metal heat-conducting setting course.

In this embodiment, the metal heat-conducting setting course has improved electrical conductivity than the grating welding manner of prior art, can better the thermal energy conduction of battery sheet be gone out.

In another preferred implementation of the present invention, watt body is formed by the unsaturated modification synthesizing engineering plastic of fire resistant flame retardant.

In this embodiment, because watt body utilizes the unsaturated modification synthesizing engineering plastic material of fire resistant flame retardant to form, thus can withstand high temperatures weather and fire-retardant characteristic, have the high characteristic of proportion small intensity simultaneously.

In another preferred implementation of the present invention; Cooling unit comprises at least one refrigerant passage, and refrigerant passage is parallel to the insulating heat-conductive layer and extends to absorb via the insulating heat-conductive layer and shift leg that the heat that comes and refrigerant passage extend into watt body to absorb the heat that watt body is produced under solar radiation from the solar energy converting unit.The medium of refrigerant can be water, wind, oil, ice or gas.

In this embodiment, refrigerant passage fully contacts with watt body and solar energy converting unit, thereby utilizes refrigerant that the two is lowered the temperature easily.

In another aspect of the present invention; A kind of solar electrical energy generation capable of using is provided, when work, absorbs in the lump simultaneously from also being favourable by the sunlight tile of the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation on the heat that radiant heat and photovoltaic generation produced of solar energy converting unit and watt body.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of sunlight tile, and it comprises: watt body; The solar energy converting unit can be accepted sunlight and utilizes self-characteristic to convert solar energy into electric energy thereby it is arranged on watt surface and is orientated its sensitive surface; The heat absorption assembly, it is supported and is arranged on shady face one side in contrast to sensitive surface of solar energy converting unit by watt body; The insulating heat-conductive layer; It is arranged between solar energy converting unit and the heat absorption assembly; The insulating heat-conductive layer makes the solar energy converting unit component insulation that absorbs heat relatively, and transfers to simultaneously in the heat absorption assembly with the heat that is formed by the sunlight heat radiation on the solar energy converting unit with by the heat that photovoltaic generation produced; Wherein, the heat absorption assembly absorbs on the heat that migrated out from the solar energy converting unit by the insulating heat-conductive layer and watt body by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation simultaneously.

Since the heat absorption assembly of sunlight tile of the present invention can absorb simultaneously watt body and solar energy converting unit by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation and solar energy converting unit by heat that photovoltaic generation produced; Can lower the temperature to watt body and solar energy converting unit so on the one hand; On the other hand; It can not only absorb the heat that the solar heat radiation is produced, and can also absorb the heat that photovoltaic generation produces.

In a kind of preferred implementation, the heat absorption assembly comprises integrated frid with heat conductivility, in frid, is provided with circuitous conduit, and the heat absorption medium in the conduit is an oil.

In this embodiment, because frid uses Heat Conduction Material and circuitous channel structure arranged and use oily medium, can effectively absorb the heat of solar energy converting unit and watt body.

In another preferred embodiment, conduit has wide cross-section and is used to slow down the narrow cross-section of the flow velocity of heat absorption medium, and wherein the sectional area of narrow cross-section is 1/3 of a wide cross-section sectional area.

Because this structure setting, the heat absorption medium in the conduit can slow down flow velocity when flowing to narrow cross-section, thereby better from solar energy converting unit and watt bulk absorption heat.

Of the present invention aspect another; A kind of solar electrical energy generation capable of using is provided, and will also be favourable from the photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile of taking away utilization in the lump by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation on the heat that radiant heat and photovoltaic generation produced of solar energy converting unit and watt body when work simultaneously.

According to this another aspect of the present invention, a kind of photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile is provided, it comprises: watt body; The solar energy transition components; It is supported by watt body; The solar energy transition components comprises: photovoltaic generation unit, heat absorption unit and be arranged on the photovoltaic generation unit and the heat absorption unit between the insulating heat-conductive layer; Thereby the photovoltaic generation unit is arranged on watt surface and is orientated its sensitive surface and can accept sunlight and utilize self-characteristic that transform light energy is electric energy; The heat absorption unit was supported and be arranged on the photovoltaic generation unit by watt body shady face one side in contrast to sensitive surface is used for absorbing simultaneously the heat that watt body is produced by formed heat of sunlight heat radiation and photovoltaic generation unit photoelectric conversion process; The insulating heat-conductive layer is arranged between photovoltaic generation unit and the heat absorption unit; The insulating heat-conductive layer makes the relatively hot absorptive unit insulation of photovoltaic generation unit; And heat that is produced by the sunlight heat radiation on the photovoltaic generation unit and photovoltaic generation unit transferred in the heat absorption unit by the heat that photovoltaic generation produced simultaneously, wherein, the heat absorption unit absorbs on the heat that migrated out from the photovoltaic generation unit by the insulating heat-conductive layer and watt body by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation simultaneously; The electricity output unit, it is electrically connected with the photovoltaic generation unit and is used for outputing to sunlight tile outside from photovoltaic generation unit reception electric energy and with current forms; Hot buanch unit, it is communicated with heat absorption unit fluid, and being used for the thermotropism absorptive unit provides the heat absorption medium, and the medium that has absorbed heat in the heat absorption unit is outputed to sunlight tile outside.

At this aspect another in; The solar energy transition components can convert solar energy into electric energy; And utilize electric output unit that electric energy is taken away with the form of electric current; Take away completion heat in the lump by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation on heat that can the light radiation light and heat volt generating of solar energy converting unit be produced simultaneously and watt body and shift, thereby maximum use has been carried out in the light radiation and the heat radiation of solar energy.

In a preferred implementation; The photovoltaic generation unit comprises a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheets; The sensitive surface of silicon wafer battery sheet is a negative pole; Shady face is anodal, on the sensitive surface of each silicon wafer battery sheet, is provided with conductive copper wire and extends the shady face that connects another silicon wafer battery sheet, forms series connection between the silicon wafer battery sheet thereby make.

In this embodiment, through the mode of this series connection, can produce electric energy in maximal efficiency ground, thereby improve photoelectric conversion rate.

In another preferred embodiment, the solar energy converting unit comprises a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheets, and the shady face of each silicon wafer battery sheet is applied ointment or plaster on a metal heat-conducting setting course.

In another preferred implementation, the sensitive surface of photovoltaic generation unit has the printing opacity hydrophobic film layer.A kind of like this setting of rete can guarantee that the utilization of sunshine can avoid having on the photovoltaic generation unit sensitive surface water to stop again and influence photovoltaic/thermal conversion.

In another preferred implementation; The heat absorption unit comprises passage, channel outlet and feeder connection; Hot buanch unit comprises medium inlet that is communicated with the channel outlet of heat absorption unit and the media outlet that is communicated with the feeder connection of heat absorption unit; Having absorbed the channel outlet of heat absorption medium through the heat absorption unit behind the heat gets into the medium inlet of hot buanch unit and then outputs to sunlight tile outside and carry out interchange of heat once more; And when these media after interchange of heat is accomplished heat and shifted once more, it flows back to the heat absorption unit through the media outlet of hot buanch unit and the feeder connection of heat absorption unit again.

In this embodiment; Because heat absorption unit and hot buanch unit fluid are communicated with; Thereby can be in real time the heat on solar energy transition components and watt body be outputed to hot buanch unit through medium from the heat absorption unit and accomplish heat and shift, improved the heat energy utilization rate effectively.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the feeder connection of heat absorption unit is positioned at the lower end of watt body, and the channel outlet of heat absorption unit is positioned at the upper end of sunlight watt.

In this embodiment, utilize feeder connection down and channel outlet last, can make cold medium for example oil independently flow to the upper end of sunlight watt from the lower end of sunlight watt, form the negative pressure of cold oil.

In another preferred implementation, also be provided with communication module on the sunlight tile.Being provided with of this communication module can be used for gathering in real time the information of silicon wafer and this information sent carries out external communication.Information can be the electric current that for example produced of the conversion electric weight of silicon wafer, surface temperature etc.For example; When the contaminated thing of certain silicon wafer on the sunlight tile or tile part covers; Because its light transmission weakens or disappears; So the opto-electronic conversion generated energy of this silicon wafer can obviously descend, people just can navigate to this problem silicon wafer soon according to the real-time electric weight transitional information that communication module sent of this silicon wafer and correspondingly handled this moment.

Of the present invention aspect another; A kind of solar electrical energy generation capable of using is provided, and will also be favourable from the photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile group of taking away utilization in the lump by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation on the heat that radiant heat and photovoltaic generation produced of the solar energy converting unit of each sunlight tile and watt body when work simultaneously.

According to this aspect of the invention; A kind of photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile group that is formed by connecting on a plurality of above-mentioned photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tiles is provided; Being connected to the outside electricity output main line of sunlight tile after the electric output unit of each sunlight tile and the electric output unit of another sunlight tile are in series carries out; Simultaneously, be connected to the outside interchange of heat main line of sunlight tile after the hot buanch unit of the hot buanch unit of each sunlight tile and another sunlight tile is in parallel.

In aspect this, photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile can be produced in groups or be assembled into the tile group by a plurality of tiles, thereby output of their electric energy and heat energy output can be concentrated output, have improved production and packaging efficiency.

In a preferred implementation, the medium inlet of the hot buanch unit of each sunlight tile is connected to the outer inlet arterial highway of sunlight tile group, and the media outlet of the hot buanch unit of each sunlight tile is connected to the outer outlet arterial highway of sunlight tile group.

In this embodiment; Because the hot buanch unit of each tile of tile group all has its medium inlet and media outlet; Be provided with simultaneously unified entrance arterial highway and outlet arterial highway that they are concentrated in together again; Thereby made things convenient for and the assembling of other tile groups (assembling if desired), improved production and packaging efficiency.

In another preferred implementation, the convexity of one of them sunlight tile and/or groove can with the groove of adjacent tiles and/or convexity halved joint each other, link together with this tile and adjacent tiles.

In this embodiment, because this groove and the protruding juncture of embedding mutually each other, the composition that makes the sunlight tile can a slice be close to a slice become the tile group, and the juncture of phase embedding is more firm each other.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the groove between the tile and protruding each other mutually the enterprise of embedding close rooved face and be provided with waterproof cementation glue-line.

In this embodiment; The connection between the tile has more been reinforced in the setting of waterproof cementation glue-line; And can subdue the stress of tile junction, thereby receive big external force for example when high wind and spout wind action at tile, the tile junction can be not impaired because of the effect of blast lifting stress.

Described embodiment below reference, these aspects of the present invention will clearly be set forth with other aspects.

Description of drawings

Structure of the present invention and mode of operation and further purpose and advantage will clearly be understood through the description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein, and identical reference marker sign components identical:

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the sunlight tile of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of sunlight tile second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the ditch plate in the tile of sunlight shown in Fig. 2

Fig. 4 is the sectional view according to the sunlight tile of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view that the tile of sunlight shown in Fig. 4 is seen down from the top, does not for the sake of clarity show the layout of silicon wafer;

Fig. 6 is the schematic plan of the tile of sunlight shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is that the silicon wafer on the tile of sunlight shown in Fig. 4 connects sketch map, and its silicon wafer that illustrates in each serial is in series, between silicon wafer serial simultaneously and the serial also for connecting;

Fig. 8 is the sketch map of the embodiment of sunlight tile group of the present invention, and it illustrates four one group tile group structure.

The specific embodiment

As requested, will disclose specific embodiment of the present invention here; Yet, should be understood that the embodiment that is disclosed only is an exemplary of the present invention here, it can be presented as various forms.Therefore; Here the detail that discloses is not considered to restrictive; And only be as the basis of claim and as be used for instructing those skilled in the art to use representational basis of the present invention with any appropriate mode of reality differently, the characteristic that comprises the various characteristics that employing is disclosed here and combine possibly clearly not disclose here.

Roughlly speaking; The present invention provides a kind of sunlight tile; It can convert solar energy into electric energy; This sunlight tile can produce heat simultaneously, this heat comprise on the heat that produces in the photoelectric conversion process and solar energy converting unit or the photoelectric conversion unit with watt body on by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation.Thereby, according to an aspect of the present invention, in the sunlight tile, cooling unit is provided, be used for solar energy converting unit or photoelectric conversion unit and a watt body are lowered the temperature, thereby guarantee photoelectric transformation efficiency; According to a second aspect of the invention, the heat absorption assembly is provided in the sunlight tile, thereby the heat that is used for absorbing on solar energy converting unit or photoelectric conversion unit and watt body makes their coolings; According to a third aspect of the invention we, not only provide the heat absorption unit that hot buanch unit also is provided, thus with the heat absorption on solar energy converting unit or photoelectric conversion unit and watt body so that in their coolings, can also heat be taken away exchange and utilize.

Fig. 1 shows first embodiment of sunlight tile of the present invention, and this sunlight tile 100 comprises: solar energy converting unit 101, cooling unit 102, insulating heat-conductive layer 104 and watt body 103.

Watt body 103 can be formed in one, and it can be by molded the forming of unsaturated modification synthesizing engineering plastic of fire resistant flame retardant.

As shown in Figure 1; Solar energy converting unit 101 is arranged on tiled surface; It can be single silicon wafer battery sheet or the array of being made up of a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheets 1011, and can have printing opacity hydrophobic film layer (not shown) at the sensitive surface of said solar energy converting unit 101.

Insulating heat-conductive layer 104 comprises ceramic film 1041 and metal heat-conducting setting course 1042, and said metal heat-conducting setting course 1042 can be formed by conductive silver paste.The shady face of each silicon wafer battery sheet 1011 is applied ointment or plaster on a metal heat-conducting setting course 1042 of serigraphy, thereby said metal heat-conducting setting course 1042 can engage with seamless unoccupied place between the said solar energy converting unit 101.And, the area of silicon wafer battery sheet 1011 shady faces that the area of each metal heat-conducting setting course 1042 is applied ointment or plaster not quite on it.

Cooling unit 102 support and be arranged on by said watt of body 103 too can converting unit 101 shady face one side.This cooling unit 102 comprises at least one refrigerant passage 1021, and this refrigerant passage 1021 is parallel to insulating heat-conductive layer 104 and extends.These refrigerant passages 1021 contact with the bottom 1012 of said solar energy converting unit on the one hand, also contact with bottom 1032 with the leg 1031 of said watt of body 103 on the other hand.

In one embodiment; Stream has cold water in the refrigerant passage 1021; When said sunlight tile 100 was worked, refrigerant passage 1021 was lowered the temperature to said tile watt body 103 through cold water of circulation in it on the one hand, on the other hand like this; The heat of said solar energy converting unit at first is insulated heat-conducting layer and has transferred in the said refrigerant passage 1021, and refrigerant passage 1021 is then lowered the temperature the heat that changes over to through cold water.In this kind embodiment, said refrigerant passage can snakelikely be arranged.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention; Said refrigerant passage 1021 also can be connected with an air cooling system (not shown); The cold wind that from air cooling system, blows out like this can circulate in refrigerant passage 1021 apace, dispels the heat on watt body 103 and the solar energy converting unit 101.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention; Can in said refrigerant passage 1021, place the solid dielectric that can discharge cold air; Dry ice for example; Be placed on refrigerant passage 1021 and insulating heat-conductive once 104 and the contact position place of watt body leg 1031 and bottom 1032 in these solid dielectrics respectively, with simultaneously to watt body 103 and the cooling of solar energy converting unit.

As shown in Figure 2, in the second embodiment of the present invention, said sunlight tile 200 comprises solar energy converting unit 201, heat absorption assembly 202, insulating heat-conductive layer 204 and watt body 203.

Sunlight tile structure among second embodiment is roughly identical with first embodiment, and the assembly 202 that just absorbs heat has replaced the cooling unit 102 among first embodiment.This heat absorption assembly 202 is supported and is arranged on the shady face of solar energy converting unit 201 by watt body 203.As shown in Figure 2, heat absorption assembly 202 can be integrated frid 2021, and this frid 2021 can be aluminium base, therefore has good heat-conducting.

In an embodiment of the invention, said frid 2021 also can be the horizontal groove that integral body is spill, and the thickness of this groove is much smaller than its length, and stream has oil or water in groove.Because said frid 2021 all fully contacts with said insulating heat-conductive layer 204 and watt body 203, so it can absorb on the heat that migrated out by said insulating heat-conductive layer and the said watt of body by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation simultaneously.

In another embodiment of the present invention, like Fig. 2 or shown in Figure 3, in frid 2021, can be provided with circuitous conduit 2022, this conduit 2022 can be snakelike layout.Stream has anti-oxidation antifreeze conduction oil in the conduit 2022.In order to make the anti-oxidation antifreeze conduction oil in the conduit 2022 can fully absorb heat, the sectional area of the narrow cross-section of conduit 2022 is 1/3 of wide cross-section sectional areas.

Shown in Fig. 4-6, in the third embodiment of the present invention, said sunlight tile 300 comprises watt body 301, solar energy transition components 302, electric output unit 303 and hot buanch unit 304.

As shown in Figure 4, said solar energy transition components 302 is supported by watt body 301, and it comprises photovoltaic generation unit 3021, insulating heat-conductive layer 3022 and heat absorption unit 3023.

Shown in Fig. 5 and 7; Photovoltaic generation unit 3021 is arranged on the surface of said watt of body 301, and its sensitive surface can have printing opacity hydrophobic film layer (not shown), and photovoltaic generation unit 3021 comprises a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheet 3021a; This silicon wafer battery sheet 3021a sensitive surface is a negative pole, and shady face is anodal.Be cascaded between a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheet 3021a.For example; As shown in Figure 7; In the silicon wafer battery chip arrays of one 4 row 6 row, a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheets in each row are cascaded earlier, and then the silicon wafer battery sheet of the 1st row the 1st row is electrically connected with the silicon wafer battery sheet of the 1st row the 2nd row; The silicon wafer battery sheet of the 1st row the 3rd row is electrically connected with the silicon wafer battery sheet of the 1st row the 4th row; The silicon wafer battery sheet negative pole of the 6th row the 1st row is connected with the positive pole of electric output unit 303, and the positive pole of the silicon wafer battery sheet of the 6th row the 4th row is connected with the negative pole of electric output unit 303, and the silicon wafer battery sheet of the 6th row the 2nd row is connected electrically in through a diode with the silicon wafer battery sheet of the 6th row the 3rd row.The conductive copper wire that is provided with through its sensitive surface that is connected in series between silicon wafer battery sheet 3021a realizes that this conductive copper wire extends to the shady face of another silicon wafer battery sheet from silicon wafer battery sheet sensitive surface.

Insulating heat-conductive layer 3022 comprises ceramic film 3022a and metal heat-conducting setting course 3022b, and said metal heat-conducting setting course 3022b is formed by conductive silver paste.The shady face of each silicon wafer battery sheet 3021a is applied ointment or plaster on a metal heat-conducting setting course 3022b of serigraphy, thereby seamless unoccupied place engages between said metal heat-conducting setting course 3022b and the said photovoltaic generation unit 3021.And, the area of the silicon wafer battery sheet 3021a shady face that the area of each metal heat-conducting setting course 3022b is applied ointment or plaster not quite on it.

As shown in Figure 3, hot buanch unit 304 is connected with said heat absorption unit 3023, and it is used for to said heat absorption unit 3023 the heat absorption medium being provided, and the medium that has absorbed heat in this heat absorption unit 3023 is outputed to sunlight tile outside.Heat absorption unit 3023 comprises passage, channel outlet 3023b and feeder connection 3023c.The medium inlet 3041 of said hot buanch unit 304 is communicated with said feeder connection 3023c, and the media outlet 3042 of said hot buanch unit 304 is communicated with said channel outlet 3023b.Said heat absorption medium flows into said passage 3023b through said feeder connection 3023c, waits to have absorbed behind the heat outside of flowing out and outputing to through said hot buanch unit 304 sunlight watt from said channel outlet 3023b.In addition; In order to make said heat exchange medium in said passage, can form self-loopa; As shown in Figure 6, said feeder connection 3023c and medium inlet 3041 can be positioned at the lower end of said sunlight tile, and said channel outlet 3023b and media outlet 3042 all can be positioned at the upper end of said sunlight tile.

In one embodiment of the invention, saidly absorbed the heat absorption medium behind the heat and output to outside hot switching path through said hot buanch unit 304 and carry out interchange of heat once more and shift to accomplish heat.When these media after interchange of heat is accomplished once more, it flows into said heat absorption unit 3023 through the medium inlet 3041 of said hot buanch unit 304 and the feeder connection 3023c of said heat absorption unit 3023 again.

The frid that said heat absorption unit 3023 can adopt among second embodiment, this frid 3023d is an aluminium base, and said frid 3023d is provided with the passage of circuitous conduit 3023a as heat absorption unit 3023, and this circuitous conduit 3022a is snakelike layout.The sectional area of the narrow cross-section of said conduit 3023a is 1/3 of its wide cross-section sectional area.Stream has anti-oxidation antifreeze conduction oil in conduit 3023a.

In addition, also be provided with communication module on the sunlight tile 300 of the present invention, this communication module can be gathered the information of its pairing silicon wafer in real time and this information is sent.Said information can be surface temperature, the conversion electric weight etc. of silicon wafer.For example; When the contaminated thing of certain silicon wafer on the sunlight tile covers; Because its light transmission weakens; So the conversion electric weight of this silicon wafer can obviously descend, people just can navigate to this problem silicon wafer soon according to the real-time electric weight transitional information that communication module sent of this silicon wafer and correspondingly handled this moment.

Sunlight tile 300 of the present invention promptly can use and be installed in the roof separately, also can be multi-disc tile 300 to be linked together use in groups and install.For example, can 4 or 8 tiles 300 be linked together and form a tile group 400, then these tile groups are installed on the roof again.

In the embodiment of sunlight tile group 400 of the present invention; Said sunlight tile group comprises a plurality of sunlight tiles 300; After being in series with the electric output unit 303 of another said sunlight tile 300, the electric output unit 303 of each sunlight tile 300 is connected to the outside electricity output main line of sunlight tile; Simultaneously, be connected to the outside interchange of heat main line of sunlight tile after the said hot buanch unit 304 of the said hot buanch unit 304 of each said sunlight tile and another said sunlight tile is in parallel.

As shown in Figure 6; The said medium inlet 3041 of the said hot buanch unit 304 of each said sunlight tile 3 is connected to the outer inlet arterial highway of said sunlight tile group, and the media outlet of the said hot buanch unit 304 of each said sunlight tile is connected to the outer outlet arterial highway of said sunlight tile group.

In an embodiment of the present invention, can around the sunlight tile, can be provided with screw, and these sunlight tiles 300 linked together through bolt.Perhaps, can these sunlight tiles 300 be stacked with the mode of traditional tile, and through adhesive to strengthen the bonding strength of 300 on every tile.

Among the embodiment shown in Fig. 5-6, be provided with convexity 3013 at sunlight tile 300 on the downside and the right side of watt body 301, upside and left side are provided with groove 3014.The convexity 3013 of said sunlight tile downside can engage with the upside groove 3014 of below tile, and its right side protruding 3013 can engage with the left groove 3014 of its right side tile, by that analogy, said tile can with its adjacent tiles halved joint each other all around.In addition, said groove 3014 with protruding 3013 each other mutually the enterprise of embedding close rooved face and be provided with waterproof cementation glue-line.

Tile of the present invention can be an Any shape, for example rectangle, square or arch.In addition, be the photovoltaic/thermal tile though embodiment of the present invention relates to, it should be understood that any roof structure can use the present invention.For example, can tile of the present invention directly be erected on the house back timber, make its roof that becomes the house, perhaps, tile is installed on the roof sheet tile as the BAPV technology.In addition, though the present invention only mentions tile in embodiment, those skilled in the art should recognize that according to announcement of the present invention it can be applied to the various constructional materialss in the BIPV field, for example curtain wall.

Technology contents of the present invention and technical characterstic have disclosed as above; Yet be appreciated that; Under creative ideas of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to said structure, comprises the combination that discloses or require the technical characterictic of protection here separately; Comprise other combination of these characteristics significantly, the interchangeable other types of solar energy converting unit or photovoltaic generation unit.Equally, also there are many possible distortion in material and structure.These distortion and/or combination all fall in the technical field involved in the present invention, and fall into the protection domain of claim of the present invention.It should be noted that by convention, use discrete component to be intended to comprise one or more such elements in the claim.

Claims

1. a sunlight tile is characterized in that, comprising:

Watt body;

The solar energy converting unit can be accepted sunlight and utilizes self-characteristic to convert solar energy into electric energy thereby it is arranged on said tiled surface and is orientated its sensitive surface;

Cooling unit, its support and be arranged on by said watt of body said solar energy converting unit in contrast to shady face one side of said sensitive surface simultaneously said watt of body and solar energy converting unit are lowered the temperature;

The insulating heat-conductive layer; It is arranged between said solar energy converting unit and the said cooling unit, said insulating heat-conductive layer make the insulation of the said relatively cooling unit of said solar energy converting unit and with the transfer of heat of said solar energy converting unit in said cooling unit.

2. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that said insulating heat-conductive layer comprises the ceramic film that makes the insulation of the said relatively cooling unit of said solar energy converting unit and with the seamless metal heat-conducting setting course that engages of the said ceramic film and the shady face of said solar energy converting unit.

3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 sunlight tile is characterized in that said solar energy converting unit comprises at least one silicon wafer battery sheet.

4. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the shady face of each said silicon wafer battery sheet is applied ointment or plaster on a said metal heat-conducting setting course.

5. like claim 3 or 4 described sunlight tiles, it is characterized in that the shady face of each said silicon wafer battery sheet is applied ointment or plaster on the metal heat-conducting setting course of serigraphy.

6. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the area of the said silicon wafer cell back light face that the area of each said metal heat-conducting setting course is applied ointment or plaster not quite on it.

7. like each described sunlight tile among the claim 2-6, it is characterized in that said metal heat-conducting setting course is formed by conductive silver paste.

8. like each described sunlight tile among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that said watt of body formed by the unsaturated modification synthesizing engineering plastic of fire resistant flame retardant.

9. like each described sunlight tile among the claim 1-8, it is characterized in that said watt of body is formed in one.

10. like each described sunlight tile among the claim 1-9; It is characterized in that; Said cooling unit comprises at least one refrigerant passage, and said refrigerant passage is parallel to said insulating heat-conductive layer and extends to absorb via said insulating heat-conductive layer and shift leg that the heat that comes and said refrigerant passage extend into said watt of body to absorb the heat that said watt of body produced under solar radiation from said solar energy converting unit.

11. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that said cooling unit comprises snakelike refrigerant passage.

12., it is characterized in that the said sensitive surface of said solar energy converting unit has the printing opacity hydrophobic film layer like each described sunlight tile of claim 1-11.

13. a sunlight tile is characterized in that, comprising:

Watt body;

The solar energy converting unit can be accepted sunlight and utilizes self-characteristic to convert solar energy into electric energy thereby it is arranged on said watt of surface and is orientated its sensitive surface;

The heat absorption assembly, it is supported and is arranged on shady face one side in contrast to said sensitive surface of said solar energy converting unit by said watt of body;

The insulating heat-conductive layer; It is arranged between said solar energy converting unit and the heat absorption assembly; Said insulating heat-conductive layer makes the said relatively heat absorption component insulation of said solar energy converting unit, and transfers to simultaneously in the said heat absorption assembly with the heat that is formed by the sunlight heat radiation on the said solar energy converting unit with by the heat that photovoltaic generation produced;

Wherein, said heat absorption assembly absorbs on the heat that migrated out from said solar energy converting unit by said insulating heat-conductive layer and the said watt of body by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation simultaneously.

14. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the said sensitive surface of said solar energy converting unit has the printing opacity hydrophobic film layer.

15. like claim 13 or 14 described sunlight tiles; It is characterized in that said insulating heat-conductive layer comprises the ceramic film that makes the said relatively heat absorption component insulation of said solar energy converting unit and with the seamless metal heat-conducting setting course that engages of the said ceramic film and the shady face of said solar energy converting unit.

16., it is characterized in that said solar energy converting unit comprises at least one silicon wafer battery sheet like each described sunlight tile of claim 13-15, the shady face of each said silicon wafer battery sheet is applied ointment or plaster on a said metal heat-conducting setting course.

17. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, the shady face of each said silicon wafer battery sheet is applied ointment or plaster on the said metal heat-conducting setting course of serigraphy.

18., it is characterized in that the area of the said silicon wafer cell back light face that the area of each said metal heat-conducting setting course is not quite applied ointment or plaster on it like claim 16 or 17 described sunlight tiles.

19., it is characterized in that said metal heat-conducting setting course is made up of conductive silver paste like each described sunlight tile among the claim 15-18.

20., it is characterized in that said heat absorption assembly comprises integrated frid, and the heat absorption medium is arranged in the said frid like each described sunlight tile among the claim 15-19.

21. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, said frid is the metal frid with heat conductivility.

22., it is characterized in that said frid is an aluminium base like each described sunlight tile among the claim 20-21.

23., it is characterized in that in said frid, be provided with circuitous conduit, said heat absorption medium is positioned at said conduit like each described sunlight tile among the claim 20-22.

24. the sunlight tile described in claim 23 is characterized in that, said conduit is snakelike layout.

25., it is characterized in that said conduit has wide cross-section and is used to slow down the narrow cross-section of the flow velocity of said heat absorption medium like claim 23 or 24 described sunlight tiles.

26. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, the sectional area of said narrow cross-section is 1/3 of a said wide cross-section sectional area.

27., it is characterized in that said heat absorption medium is an oil like each described sunlight tile among the claim 20-26.

28. sunlight tile as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, said oil is anti-oxidation antifreeze conduction oil.

29., it is characterized in that said watt of body is by molded formation of unsaturated modification synthesizing engineering plastic of fire resistant flame retardant like each described sunlight tile among the claim 13-28.

30. a photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile, it comprises:

Watt body;

The solar energy transition components, it is supported by said watt of body, and said solar energy transition components comprises:

The photovoltaic generation unit can be accepted sunlight and utilizes self-characteristic that transform light energy is electric energy thereby said photovoltaic generation unit is arranged on said watt of surface and is orientated its sensitive surface;

Heat absorption unit, said heat absorption unit were supported and be arranged on said photovoltaic generation unit by said watt of body shady face one side in contrast to said sensitive surface is used for absorbing simultaneously the heat that said watt of body produced by formed heat of sunlight heat radiation and said photovoltaic generation unit photoelectric conversion process;

The insulating heat-conductive layer; It is arranged between said photovoltaic generation unit and the said heat absorption unit; Said insulating heat-conductive layer makes the insulation of said relatively heat absorption unit, said photovoltaic generation unit, and heat that is produced by the sunlight heat radiation on the said photovoltaic generation unit and photovoltaic generation unit are transferred in the said heat absorption unit by the heat that photovoltaic generation produced simultaneously;

Wherein, said heat absorption unit absorbs on the heat that migrated out from said photovoltaic generation unit by said insulating heat-conductive layer and the said watt of body by the formed heat of sunlight heat radiation simultaneously;

The electricity output unit, it is electrically connected with said photovoltaic generation unit and is used for outputing to said sunlight tile outside from said photovoltaic generation unit reception electric energy and with current forms;

Hot buanch unit, it is communicated with said heat absorption unit fluid, is used for to said heat absorption unit the heat absorption medium being provided, and the medium that has absorbed heat in the said heat absorption unit is outputed to sunlight tile outside.

31. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile as claimed in claim 30; It is characterized in that said insulating heat-conductive layer comprises the ceramic film that makes said relatively heat absorption unit, said photovoltaic generation unit insulation and with the seamless metal heat-conducting setting course that engages of the said ceramic film and the shady face of said photovoltaic generation unit.

32. like claim 30 or 31 described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tiles, it is characterized in that said photovoltaic generation unit comprises at least one silicon wafer battery sheet, the said sensitive surface of said silicon wafer battery sheet is a negative pole, said shady face is anodal.

33. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, said solar energy converting unit comprises a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheets, connects between said a plurality of silicon wafer battery sheets.

34. like claim 32 or 33 described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tiles; It is characterized in that; On the said sensitive surface of each said silicon wafer battery sheet, be provided with conductive copper wire and extend the said shady face that connects another silicon wafer battery sheet, form series connection between the silicon wafer battery sheet thereby make.

35., it is characterized in that the said shady face of each said silicon wafer battery sheet is rescued and is attached on the said metal heat-conducting setting course like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 32-34.

36., it is characterized in that the shady face of each said silicon wafer battery sheet is applied ointment or plaster on a said metal heat-conducting setting course of serigraphy like claim 34 or 35 described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tiles.

37. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile as claimed in claim 36 is characterized in that, the area of the said silicon wafer cell back light face that the area of each said metal heat-conducting setting course is applied ointment or plaster not quite on it.

38., it is characterized in that said metal heat-conducting setting course is formed by conductive silver paste like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 31-37.

39., it is characterized in that the said sensitive surface of said photovoltaic generation unit has the printing opacity hydrophobic film layer like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile of claim 30-38.

40. like the arbitrary described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile of claim 30-39; It is characterized in that; Said heat absorption unit comprises passage, channel outlet and feeder connection, and said hot buanch unit comprises medium inlet that is communicated with the said channel outlet of said heat absorption unit and the media outlet that is communicated with the said feeder connection of said heat absorption unit.

41. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile as claimed in claim 40; It is characterized in that; The said said channel outlet of the heat absorption medium behind the heat through said heat absorption unit that absorbed gets into the said medium inlet of said hot buanch unit and then outputs to sunlight tile outside and carry out interchange of heat once more; And when these media after interchange of heat is accomplished heat and shifted once more, it flows back to said heat absorption unit through the said media outlet of said hot buanch unit and the said feeder connection of said heat absorption unit again.

42. like claim 40 or 41 described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tiles; It is characterized in that; Said heat absorption unit is the frid of a global formation, in said frid, is provided with circuitous conduit and absorbs heat energy from said photovoltaic generation unit and said watt of body so that heat exchange medium is flowed through in the process.

43. the photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile described in claim 42 is characterized in that said frid is the metal sheet with heat conductivility.

44. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile as claimed in claim 43 is characterized in that said frid is an aluminium base.

45., it is characterized in that said circuitous conduit is snakelike layout like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 42-44.

46., it is characterized in that said conduit has wide cross-section and is used to slow down the narrow cross-section of the flow velocity of said heat absorption medium like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 42-45.

47. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, the sectional area of said narrow cross-section be said wide cross-section sectional area 1/3.

48. like arbitrary described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 30-47, wherein said heat absorption medium is an oil.

49. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile as claimed in claim 48, wherein said oil are anti-oxidation antifreeze conduction oils.

50. like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 40-49, the said feeder connection of wherein said heat absorption unit is positioned at the lower end of said watt of body, the said channel outlet of said heat absorption unit is positioned at the upper end of said sunlight watt.

51. like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 30-50, wherein said watt of body is by molded the forming of undersaturated modification synthesizing engineering plastic of fire resistant flame retardant.

52., also comprise communication module like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 30-51.

53. one kind the photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile group that is formed by connecting like each described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile among the claim 30-52; After being in series, the said electric output unit of each said sunlight tile and the said electric output unit of another said sunlight tile be connected to the outside electricity output main line of sunlight tile; Simultaneously, be connected to the outside interchange of heat main line of sunlight tile after the said hot buanch unit of the said hot buanch unit of each said sunlight tile and another said sunlight tile is in parallel.

54. photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile group as claimed in claim 53; Wherein the said medium inlet of the said hot buanch unit of each said sunlight tile is connected to the outer inlet arterial highway of said sunlight tile group, and the said media outlet of the said hot buanch unit of each said sunlight tile is connected to the outer outlet arterial highway of said sunlight tile group.

55. like claim 53 or 54 described photovoltaic/thermal sunlight tile groups; It is characterized in that; The convexity of a said sunlight tile and/or groove can with the groove of adjacent said tile and/or convexity halved joint each other, link together with this said tile and adjacent tiles.

56. sunlight tile group as claimed in claim 55 is characterized in that, said groove and protruding each other mutually the enterprise of embedding close rooved face and be provided with waterproof cementation glue-line.