CN102786346B - Synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses nitrogen synergistic manure, in particular a synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer comprises the components of a urea nitrogen fertilizer, a biochemical inhibitor and a synergist, wherein the weight part ratio of the urea nitrogen fertilizer to the biochemical inhibitor to the synergist is 1:0.001-0.1:0.0005-1; the biochemical inhibitor is a urease inhibitor; and the synergist is aspartic acid. The preparation method comprises a step of adding the biochemical inhibitor and the synergist into the fertilizer in a fusion state in a nitrogen fertilizer operation flow. The synergistic urea fertilizer is suitable for various types of plants and soils, and has obvious disease-resistant, drought resistant and lodging resistant effects on crops after being applied to soil; the capability of storing nutrients of the soil can be effectively improved; and the fertilizer has a certain effect on after-reap crops. By using the synergistic slow-release urea fertilizer, the yield of grains can be increased by 8-30 percent, the yield of vegetables can be increased by 14-60 percent, and the yield of economic crops can be increased by over 30 percent.
Description
The application is the divisional application of Chinese invention patent application, the applying date of original application: on November 16th, 2007, application number: 200710158313.X, invention and created name: Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer and preparation method, publication number: CN101434503A; Because auditor in original application points out not belong to a total inventive concept between related Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, this divisional application is proposed.
Technical field
The present invention relates to nitrogen enhanced fertilizer, specifically a kind of Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The common urea fertilizer efficiency phase is short, and N-fertilizer efficiency is low, and quality of agricultural product is not improved.The overall utilization ratio of blood urea nitrogen only has 30～35%, the losses such as the leaching loss of nitrogen, volatilization, rainwash are more, the economic benefit that fertilizer applies is lower, cause the huge waste of resource and the increase of agriculture production cost, produce the pollution in underground water and soil face source simultaneously, the eutrophication that causes greenhouse gases effect and water body, makes the deterioration of the ecological environment.Using in a large number of urea declines quality of agricultural product.For alleviating and addressing these problems, in improving Agriculture production and management technical supervision, need the self performance by improving urea fertilizer, extend the effective acting time of fertilizer, slow down its conversion strength in soil, increase the effective acting time of fertilizer, promote crop effectively absorbing fertilizer, thereby raising utilization rate of fertilizer, the particularly utilization ratio of urea nitrogenous fertilizer.
Industry is at present produced and the common urea of agricultural application is instant fertilizer, and in water and soil, dissolving transforms very fast.Under urase effect after urea is manured into soil in soil, be converted into very soon ammonium nitrogen, a large amount of ammonium nitrogens raises rapidly soil pH value, and ammonia volatilization increases; In the good soil of aeration status, issue raw nitrification in the effect of soil nitrification bacterium, ammonium nitrogen is just converted into nitrite nitrogen and nitric nitrogen in a short period of time, nitric nitrogen leaching loss very easily in soil, nitrite nitrogen also can be gaseous loss with the form of nitrogen oxide, cause a large amount of losses of fertilizer nitrogen, thereby reduced the utilization ratio of fertilizer nitrogen.
Prior art shows, at normal temperatures, urea (amidonitrogen) is first converted into ammonium nitrogen under the effect of urase, and then be converted into nitric nitrogen, nitric nitrogen is very soon by leaching loss or be gaseous loss, and urease inhibitor can urease inhibiting effective to the conversion rate of ammonium nitrogen, extend the retention time of amidonitrogen in soil, increase the effective acting time of urea; Fertilizer synergist poly-aspartic-acid (polypeptide, Polyaspartic acid PASP) is the efficient synergistic agent of a kind of fertilizer and novel plant dietetic alimentation promotor and conditioning agent.Plant desired nutritional composition is had to extremely strong huge legendary turtle and close function, effectively enrichment Nitrogen In Soils, phosphorus, potassium and trace element absorb for plant, especially to zinc, iron, useful element in the absorption of three kinds of elements of manganese and enriching plant root surrounding soil, effect is the most obvious, there is the advantages such as long-chain albumen and anion surfactant, promote the absorption of Plant To Nutrient element, promote the growth of root system, healthy and strong plant, strengthen resistance, improve quality, can be used as good plant nutrient promotor, growth substance, seed soaking agent, foliage fertilizer, water retention agent, and have not containing hormone, nontoxic, with crossing the features such as noresidue, PASP is different from plant hormone, has the features such as consumption is little, high antiviral.
After being combined by high-tech with PASP, one of above-mentioned urease inhibitor makes fertilizer composite synergist, can effectively extend urea or amide nitrogen fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period, improve the absorb effect of crop to nitrogen, increase the absorbed dose of plant to nitrogen, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, the content that increases the nutritive substances such as protein in agricultural-food, amino acid and fat increases the effective enriching quantity of the required trace element of crop in soil simultaneously, promotes the absorption of crop to other nutritive element.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can urease inhibiting effective to the conversion rate of ammonium nitrogen, extend the retention time of urea in soil, increase the validity period of urea, can improve blood urea nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio, promote the absorption of plant to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-element nutrition element, promote the growth of root system, healthy and strong plant, strengthens resistance, improve quality, Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer and the preparation method of the high-efficiency environment friendly of significant prolongation urea fertilizer effectiveness phase.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer composition is: urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer and synergistic agent, wherein count by ratio of weight and the number of copies=1:0.001-0.1:0.0005-1 of nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer and synergistic agent; Described biochemical restrainer is: urease inhibitor, synergistic agent is: poly-aspartic-acid.
Preparation method: by biochemical restrainer and synergistic agent by machinery or after manually puddling, the urea nitrogenous fertilizer directly injecting under molten state mixes, or by the direct mixing granulation of urea nitrogenous fertilizer under biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and molten state, make Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.
Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer composition is: urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent, tackiness agent and organic solvent, wherein count by ratio of weight and the number of copies=1:0.001-0.1:0.0005-1:0.05-0.1 of urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and tackiness agent, adds organic solvent 5-10ml in every part of urea nitrogenous fertilizer; Described biochemical restrainer is: urease inhibitor, synergistic agent is: poly-aspartic-acid.Described tackiness agent is ethyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose multipolymer.
Preparation method: the aaerosol solution of biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and tackiness agent and organic solvent, by fluidized-bed, is sprayed on to the urea nitrogenous fertilizer surface under fluidized state, makes Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.While adopting fluidized-bed evenly to spray, the inlet temperature in fluidized-bed is 60～75 DEG C, pressurized air pressure 0.35～0.65Pa, and 0.05～0.15Pa is pressed in shower nozzle atomization.
Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer composition is: urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and additive, wherein count by ratio of weight and the number of copies=1:0.001-0.1:0.0005-1:0.05-0.2 of urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and additive, described biochemical restrainer is: urease inhibitor, synergistic agent is: poly-aspartic-acid.Described additive is humic acids or diatomite.
Preparation method: by biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and additive agent mixture by machinery or manually puddle, the urea nitrogenous fertilizer directly injecting under molten state mixes, and makes Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.
Described urease inhibitor: N-NBPT, thiophosphoric acid triamide, phenyl phosphoryl diamine, thiophosphoryl triamide, Resorcinol, phosphoryl triamide or ammonium thiosulfate; Described synergistic agent is that molecular weight is: 6001～100000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid,
Formula 1
Or be molecular weight: 2000～6000, structural formula is suc as formula 2 poly-aspartic-acid,
Formula 2
Patent tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. after urease inhibitor being combined with PASP in fertilizer of the present invention, make fertilizer composite synergist, can effectively extend urea (acid amides) the state fertilizer effectiveness phase, make fertilizer efficiency period extend to 120 days from 30 days, the total validity period of fertilizer reaches 120～135 days.
2. fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve the absorb effect of crop to nitrogen, increases the absorbed dose of plant to nitrogen, improves the utilization ratio of fertilizer, improves utilization rate of fertilizer and reaches 20-40%, reduces fertilizer amount 20%-30%.
3. fertilizer of the present invention can increase the content of the nutritive substances such as protein in agricultural-food, amino acid and fat, fertilizer is had to very strong huge legendary turtle simultaneously and close enrichment function, increase the effective enriching quantity of the required trace element of crop in soil, promote the absorption of crop to other nutritive element.Absorption enhancement rate can reach 3-5 doubly.Can make nitrogen specific absorption improve more than 60%, phosphorus specific absorption can improve more than 5%, and potassium specific absorption can improve more than 18%, and absorption of trace elements rate can improve 20%-30%.
4. fertilizer of the present invention makes urease inhibitor extend urea efficiency effect and PASP fertilizer synergistic action compensating, the urea efficiency phase obviously extends, and has given full play to two kinds of materials of urease inhibitor and PASP synergistic agent and has absorbed effect in conjunction with the collaborative or promotion to fertilizer synergistic.
5. adopt fertilizer of the present invention base nitrogen fertilizer application can meet the needs of whole growth season of crop to nitrogen, agriculture production saving of labor, save time.Greatly reduce peasant's labour intensity and production cost.
6. fertiliser production cost of the present invention is low, and preparation manipulation is simple, environmental friendliness, environmental protection.The raw material urease inhibitor that the present invention adopts and synergistic agent PASP are cheap, efficient, and pollution-free, synergistic agent PASP is that the amino acid whose polymkeric substance of polymer is polypeptide, in soil without any residual.Realize the production of eco-friendly long-acting (slowly-releasing) urea.
7. effect of fertilizer of the present invention is good.That Synergistic slow release nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention has is natural, wide spectrum, safety, advantage efficiently, is applicable to all kinds of plants and soils.In being manured into soil, crop is had to disease-resistant, drought resisting significantly and effect resistant to lodging, can effectively improve soil and store the ability of nutrient, and succession crop is had to certain effect.Simultaneously can be for spraying, Gen Shi or seed soaking.Use fertilizer of the present invention can make increases in grain production 8-30%, vegetables volume increase 14-60%, cash crop are increased production more than 30%.Obviously improve crop quality, improve commercial grade.
8. while preparing synergy nitrogen manure of the present invention, it has overcome the high shortcoming of direct coated fertilizer production cost, and nitrogen transforms shortcoming fast, that nutrient easily runs off after entering soil, and cost is minimum in similar fertilizer.On working lipe, can replace the relatively short coated fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency period completely.
9. synergy nitrogen of the present invention can carry out suitability for industrialized production, in the operating process of producing at nitrogen manure synthesizes industrialization, before the flow path device of fertilizer molten state, set up the adding apparatus of the mixture that adds biochemical restrainer and synergistic agent, inject fertilizer by this device, be easy to carry out large-scale industrialization production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of urea granules as benchmark, 0.25 part of N-NBPT, 0.05 part of PASP, 5 parts of ethyl cellulose multipolymers, industrial alcohol solution 500ml; Wherein nitrogenous 46.3% in urea granules, particle diameter is 0.5mm, and described molecular weight is: 40000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid.
Preparation method:
1) preparation aaerosol solution: the multipolymer of 5 parts of ethyl cellulose is dissolved in 500ml industrial alcohol solution, then add after 0.25 part of N-NBPT is mixed with 0.05 part of PASP, the multipolymer composition mix suspending solution stirring, stand-by.
2) utilize fluidized-bed coating technique, the mix suspending solution preparing is placed in to fluidized-bed liquid fills with, simultaneously by nitrogenous 46.3% urea granules in 100 parts by carrying out fluidisation in fertilizer opening for feed injecting jet tower, then with the operation of fluidized-bed, aaerosol solution is coated on to urea granules surface by flow director equably by atomizer, finally makes nitrogenous 43.9% Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.The parameter of fluidized-bed operation is 60 DEG C of inlet temperature, pressurized air pressure 0.35Pa, and 0.05Pa is pressed in shower nozzle atomization.
And before granulation, add again phosphorus, potassium and in some trace element as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, chlorine, silicon, one or more mix, interpolation ten thousand/to one of percentage, make multielement synergy long-acting compound fertilizer by mechanical pelleting.
Embodiment 2:
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of urea granules as benchmark, 0.1 part of N-NBPT, 1 part of PASP, 6 parts of ethyl cellulose, diethyl ether solution 500ml; Wherein nitrogenous 46.3% in urea granules, particle diameter is 1mm, and described molecular weight is: 60000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid.
Preparation method:
1) preparation aaerosol solution: 6 parts of ethyl cellulose multipolymers are dissolved in 500ml diethyl ether solution, then add after 1 part of PASP is mixed with 0.1 part of N-NBPT, the multipolymer composition mix suspending solution stirring, stand-by.
2) the mix suspending solution preparing being placed in to fluidized-bed liquid fills with, simultaneously by nitrogenous 46.3% urea granules in 100 parts by carrying out fluidisation in fertilizer opening for feed injecting jet tower, then with the operation of fluidized-bed, aaerosol solution is coated on to urea granules surface by flow director equably by atomizer, finally makes nitrogenous 43.0% Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.Fluidized-bed operating parameter is 60 DEG C of inlet temperature, pressurized air pressure 0.35Pa, and 0.05Pa is pressed in shower nozzle atomization.
Embodiment 3:
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of urea granules as benchmark, 100 parts of PASP, 10 parts of N-NBPTs, 10 parts of ethyl cellulose multipolymers, industrial alcohol solution 1000ml; Wherein nitrogenous 46.3% in urea granules, particle diameter is 2mm, and described molecular weight is: 80000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid.
Preparation method:
1) preparation aaerosol solution: 10 parts of ethyl cellulose multipolymers are dissolved in 1000ml industrial alcohol solution, then add after 100 parts of PASP are mixed with 10 parts of N-NBPTs, the multipolymer composition mix suspending solution stirring, stand-by.
2) the mix suspending solution preparing being placed in to liquid fills with, simultaneously by nitrogenous 46.3% urea granules in 100 parts by carrying out fluidisation in fertilizer opening for feed injecting jet tower, then with the operation of fluidized-bed, aaerosol solution is coated on to urea granules surface by flow director equably by atomizer, finally makes nitrogenous 21.0% Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.Wherein: fluidized-bed operating parameter is 75 DEG C of inlet temperature, pressurized air pressure 0.65Pa, 0.15Pa is pressed in shower nozzle atomization.
Embodiment 4:
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of agramons as benchmark, 0.05 part of PASP, 0.4 part of N-NBPT and 8 parts of humic acidss; Wherein urea raw material is nitrogenous 46.3%, and described molecular weight is: 20000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid.
Preparation method:
1) by 8 parts of humic acidss, 0.4 part of N-NBPT and 0.05 part of PASP mixing and stirring, composition mixture, stand-by.
2) the agramon fertilizer of 100 parts nitrogenous 46.3% is placed in to container, the said mixture preparing is placed in to container simultaneously, carry out machinery or hand mixing, said mixture is mixed with agramon uniformly, finally make nitrogenous 39.2% Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of agramons as benchmark, 80 parts of PASP, 2 parts of thiophosphoric acid triamides and 20 parts of diatomite, described molecular weight is: 6000, structural formula is suc as formula 2 poly-aspartic-acid.
Embodiment 6
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of agramons as benchmark, molecular weight is described in 0.8 part of PASP, 8 parts of phenyl phosphoryl diamines and 10 parts of diatomite: 4000, structural formula is suc as formula 2 poly-aspartic-acid.
Embodiment 7
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of agramons as benchmark, 35 parts of PASP, 0.9 part of thiophosphoryl triamide, described molecular weight is: 2000, structural formula is suc as formula 2 poly-aspartic-acid.
Embodiment 8
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of agramons as benchmark, 15 parts of PASP, 7 parts of Resorcinol, described molecular weight is: 6001, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid.
Preparation method:
1) by 15 parts of PASP, 7 parts of Resorcinol mixing and stirring by machinery or after manually puddling, composition mixture, stand-by.
2) 100 parts of agramon fertilizer are placed in to container, the said mixture preparing are placed in to container simultaneously, carry out machinery or hand mixing, said mixture is mixed with agramon uniformly, finally make Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer,
Or by 100 parts of direct mixing granulations of agramon fertilizer under 15 parts of PASP, 7 parts of Resorcinol and molten state, make Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.
Embodiment 9
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of agramons as benchmark, 50 parts of PASP, 3 parts of phosphoryl triamides, described molecular weight is: 100000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid.
Embodiment 10
Taking urea as nitrogenous source, prepare Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, raw material is: taking 100 parts of agramons as benchmark, 85 parts of PASP, 5 parts of ammonium thiosulfate, described molecular weight is: 10000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid.
The urea that the present invention adopts is agriculture production solid-state, liquid fertilizer used or Chemicals, and it is that 6001-100000 formula 1 or molecular weight are the PASP of 2000-6000 formula 2 that the synergistic agent that fertilizer of the present invention adopts simultaneously all can be molecular weight.
Claims (1)
1. a Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer, it is characterized in that: fertilizer component is: urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and additive, wherein count by ratio of weight and the number of copies=1:0.001-0.1:0.0005-1:0.05-0.2 of urea nitrogenous fertilizer, biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and additive, described biochemical restrainer is: urease inhibitor, and synergistic agent is: poly-aspartic-acid;
Described additive is humic acids or diatomite;
Described urease inhibitor: N-NBPT, thiophosphoric acid triamide, phenyl phosphoryl diamine, thiophosphoryl triamide, phosphoryl triamide or ammonium thiosulfate; Described synergistic agent is that molecular weight is: 6001～100000, structural formula is suc as formula 1 poly-aspartic-acid,
Or be molecular weight: 2000～6000, structural formula is suc as formula 2 poly-aspartic-acid,
By biochemical restrainer, synergistic agent and additive agent mixture by machinery or manually puddle, the urea nitrogenous fertilizer directly injecting under molten state mixes, and makes Synergistic slow release urea fertilizer.
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| CN103772053B (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2016-03-16 | 张彬 | A kind of synergistic agent for urea and preparation method thereof and using method |
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| CN104817387A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | Garden waste biomass charcoal-based urea and preparation method thereof |
| CN104817378A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | Bamboo biomass charcoal based urea and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104829325A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | Straw biomass charcoal-based urea and preparation method thereof |
| CN110759772A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-02-07 | 聊城大学东昌学院 | Green efficient organic synthetic urea fertilizer |
| DE212020000753U1 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-07-19 | Institute Of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Synergistic and stable nitrogen fertilizer |
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| CN1417172A (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2003-05-14 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Release controlling fertilizer and its prepn |
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