CN102778915B - Self-adaptive MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method for solar energy with three stages of sectional temperature fed back based on final power - Google Patents
Self-adaptive MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method for solar energy with three stages of sectional temperature fed back based on final power Download PDFInfo
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- CN102778915B CN102778915B CN201110440482.9A CN201110440482A CN102778915B CN 102778915 B CN102778915 B CN 102778915B CN 201110440482 A CN201110440482 A CN 201110440482A CN 102778915 B CN102778915 B CN 102778915B
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- maximum power
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- output voltage
- power point
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method for solar energy with three stages of sectional temperature fed back based on a final power, which is carried out according to the following steps: a. initializing each parameter of a system; b. setting an absolute interval [Vabl, Vabr]; c. using a perturbation and observation method to search Vrlr and Prlr in the interval [Vabl, Vabr]; d. searching Vrll in the [Vabl and Vabr]; e. deciding [Vrll, Vrlr] according to the Vrll and the Vrlr obtained in the steps c and d; f. adopting the perturbation and observation method to search a final Pmax and a final Vmax in the [Vrll, Vrlr]; g. starting a timer, setting fixed time to be 5 to 10 minutes, detecting the environment temperature, and making an update to the existing temperature and the existing season information; h. turning to the step b in the occurrence of any change of the existing season; and continuing a step I in the case of no any change of the existing season occurring; and I. turning to the step c in the occurrence of any change of the existing temperature. Compared with the prior art, the self-adaptive MPPT method is good in precision and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tracing of testing solar maximum power, be specifically related to a kind of can be according to variation of ambient temperature and the method for change calculations solar maximum power.
Background technology
Since entering the new century, along with the development of world economy, global energy consumption increases rapidly, also more and more serious to the pollution of environment, has started the upsurge of research new forms of energy.In various new forms of energy, sun power, because having the advantages such as renewable and pollution-free, is more and more subject to people's attention, and solar electrical energy generation is as a kind of very effective mode of utilizing, and has also obtained development rapidly.But in developing the process of sun power, still exist the problems such as cost is high, conversion efficiency is low.Maximal power tracing (Maximum Power Point Traeking is called for short MPPT) technology can improve the conversion efficiency of sun power effectively, makes solar battery group utilize more fully sun power, improves and in solar electrical energy generation, changes inefficient problem.
The sun power MPPT tracking occurring at present has fixed voltage method, disturbance observation method, increment node-pair method, open-circuit voltage method, optimum gradient method, sliding formwork to control method, fuzzy control, electric current list parameter control method etc., and wherein the most frequently used is disturbance observation method and increment node-pair method.There are various defects in said method, if fixed voltage method and open-circuit voltage method are not real maximal power tracing algorithms, can only be operated on relatively high power point when using separately; Disturbance observation method is near concussion operation maximum power point, and when extraneous environmental change, may occur the situation of trail-and-error; Electric current and voltage variety that the requirement of increment node-pair method measures are very little, need the sensor that precision is very high, realize more difficult; Also there is the problems such as calculated amount is large, working point is unstable in other method.Afterwards, someone has proposed the combinational algorithm being derived according to above-mentioned algorithm, in algorithm Integrated using multiple tracking, to reach better tracking effect.
But above-mentioned algorithm is when following the tracks of maximum power point, it is all the basis for estimation as peak power with the direct output power of solar battery group, and solar power system stores the energy in energy storage device into or be transferred to the energy that energy in electrical network is output after DC/DC conversion, between the two, also there is the problem of DC/DC circuit conversion efficiency, and this efficiency changes when different input and output voltages and electric current, so the maximum power point that above-mentioned algorithm obtains not is the maximum power point of the final utilization of system.
In addition, although existing algorithm has been considered the impact of the variation of temperature on maximum power point, all the variation range of temperature is not segmented, cause all need on a large scale, searching for when every secondary tracking maximum power point, follow the tracks of efficiency lower, also inaccurate, also easily make mistakes.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that existing solar energy tracing method poor accuracy, efficiency are low, provides that a kind of accuracy is good, three grades of segmentation temperature self-adaptation sun power MPPT methods based on final power back off of excellent in efficiency.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes in the following manner: a kind of three grades of segmentation temperature self-adaptation sun power MPPT methods based on final power back off, according to following step, carry out:
A, startup system, initialization system parameters;
B, according to [V between the absolute field of solar battery group output voltage range at current solar battery group maximum power point in season place is set current season
abl, V
abr];
In between c, the absolute field in step b, use disturbance observation method to find the direct Maximum Power Output of solar battery group according to the direct output power of solar battery group and put corresponding output voltage V
1if, V
1> V
abr, by V
abrrelatively interval upper limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rlr; If V
1≤ V
abr, by V
1relatively interval upper limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rlr, and record now final output power P
rlr;
Minimum value between d, the absolute field that obtains from step b starts to detect final output power by step-length pointwise, until this power equals P
rlrtill, and the output voltage V of record solar battery group now
2if, V
2< V
abl, by V
ablrelatively interval lower limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll; If V
abl≤ V
2< V
rlr, by V
2relatively interval lower limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll; If V
2>=V
rlr, by V
rlras the maximum power point of current output voltage, now final output power is designated as P
max, as maximum power point power, V
rlrbe designated as the solar battery group output voltage V of maximum power point
max, go to step g;
E, according to the V obtaining in step c and steps d
rlland V
rlrdetermine the relatively interval [V of the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll, V
rlr];
F, at relatively interval [V
rll, V
rlr] the interior maximum power point that adopts disturbance observation method to find final output power, note final output power is now peak power P
max, now solar battery group output voltage is designated as the output voltage V of maximum power point
max;
G, start timer, timing is 5 to 10 minutes, and timing arrives, testing environment temperature, and be updated to Current Temperatures and current season information;
If the current seasonal variations of h, goes to step b, if current season is unchanged, continue step I;
If I Current Temperatures changes, go to step c, determine the relatively interval [V of the output voltage range at maximum power point place at new temperature
rll, V
rlr], if do not change, go to step f, continue at current relatively interval [V
rll, V
rlr] the interior maximum power point of finding final output power.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage: 1. according to electricity generation system, the solar electrical energy generation power when the final stored energy is found maximum power point, guarantees that solar battery group can be operated on maximum power point truly, and accuracy is high.2. the output characteristics based on solar battery group, three grades of segmentation solar energy tracking methods that the present invention adopts when following the tracks of maximum power point, make that system has more accurately under different seasons, different temperature conditions, less hunting zone, improved efficiency and the accuracy followed the tracks of.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the present invention's system hardware while using.
Fig. 2 is the P-V family curve of solar cell under uniform temp T, different light intensity S.
Fig. 3 is the P-V family curve of solar cell under different temperatures T, identical light intensity S.
Fig. 4 is Buck type DC/DC translation circuit efficiency curve.
Embodiment
Three grades of segmentation temperature self-adaptation sun power MPPT methods based on final power back off, according to following step, carry out:
A, startup system, initialization system parameters;
B, according to [V between the absolute field of solar battery group output voltage range at current solar battery group maximum power point in season place is set current season
abl, V
abr], V wherein
abl< V
abr, the variation of this scope and temperature has relation;
In between c, the absolute field in step b, use disturbance observation method to find the direct Maximum Power Output of sun power according to direct output power and put corresponding operating voltage V
1if, V
1> V
abr, by V
abrrelatively interval upper limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rlr; If V
1≤ V
abr,by V
1relatively interval upper limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rlr, and record now final output power P
rlr, V
rlrrelevant with temperature;
Minimum value between d, the absolute field that obtains from step b starts to detect final output power by step-length pointwise, until this power equals P
rlrtill, and the output voltage V of record solar battery group now
2if, V
2< V
abl, by V
ablrelatively interval lower limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll; If V
abl≤ V
2< V
rlr, by V
2relatively interval lower limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll; If V
2>=V
rlr, by V
rlras the maximum power point of current output voltage, now final output power is designated as P
max, as maximum power point power, V
rlrbe designated as the solar battery group output voltage V of maximum power point
max, go to step g;
E, according to the V obtaining in step c and steps d
rlland V
rlrdetermine the relatively interval [V of the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll, V
rlr];
F, at relatively interval [V
rll, V
rlr] the interior maximum power point that adopts disturbance observation method to find final output power, note final output power is now peak power P
max, now solar battery group output voltage is designated as the output voltage V of maximum power point
max;
G, start timer, timing is 5 to 10 minutes, and timing arrives, testing environment temperature, and be updated to Current Temperatures and current season information;
If the current seasonal variations of h, goes to step b, if current season is unchanged, continue step I;
If I Current Temperatures changes, go to step c, determine the relatively interval [V of the output voltage range at maximum power point place at new temperature
rll, V
rlr], if do not change, go to step f, continue at current relatively interval [V
rll, V
rlr] the interior maximum power point of finding final output power.
From Fig. 2 and 3, the characteristics of output power curve of solar battery group has the feature of parabolic curve under certain external environment condition, has unique maximum power point and corresponding a certain output voltage.Buck type DC/DC step-down conversion circuit efficiency is regularly inversely proportional to input voltage at output voltage one.If the maximum power point place of solar cell output voltage in Fig. 1 reduces △ V, the directly power reduction of output of solar battery group will be caused, the efficiency of Buck type DC/DC step-down conversion circuit improves, and the final output power of sun power equals the product of direct output power and Buck circuit efficiency, so its size variation is not known.If directly output power reduction is less, Buck circuit efficiency improves larger, and final output power will increase.So the maximum power point in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 nonsystematic real maximum power point, need to judge just and can find real maximum power point final power.
Fig. 2 points out, when externally light intensity S changes, the output voltage at the maximum power point place of sun power changes little; Fig. 3 points out, when externally temperature T changes, the output voltage at the maximum power point place of sun power changes greatly.Known according to the Changing Pattern of weather, exterior temperature change is slower, and light intensity changes very fast.Therefore, when instantaneous weather changes between fine day, cloudy, cloudy day, light intensity changes greatly, temperature variation is little, and the interval variation at the solar battery group output voltage place that the maximum power point of solar power system is corresponding is less, still can in this interval, find maximum power point; When external environment condition short term variations, as morning-> noon-> afternoon-> night, when temperature variation is larger, need again find the operation interval at the solar battery group output voltage place that maximum power point is corresponding, from new operation interval, find maximum power point again, this interval is hereinafter referred to as relatively interval; When external environment condition secular variation, while converting season as spring-> summer-> autumn-> winter, there is larger variation in the variation range of environment temperature, in the identical light intensity situation of different temperatures that comprise under condition each season
p-Valso there is larger skew in curve family, the operation interval at the solar battery group output voltage place that maximum power point is corresponding also larger skew can occur.The interval that the output voltage region of search of selecting when temperature is lower in January is selected when July, temperature was higher takes in Fig. 2, and this region of search is between absolute field.The transient change of this weather, short term variations and secular variation are exactly the theoretical foundation of three grades of segmentation temperature self-adaptations proposing in the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, adopt Buck step-down DC/DC translation circuit when the present invention uses, switch MOS pipe Q is for adjusting the control device of Buck circuit dutycycle.MCU module finally outputs to the power of load by detecting electric current and the voltage computing system of Buck circuit output end, then three grades of segmentation temperature self-adaptation track algorithms that design according to the present invention find the final peak power output of solar battery group.Temperature detecting module is used for monitoring ambient temperature situation of change.
In the maximal power tracing circuit of the present invention design, the electronic devices and components of employing are few, if adopt the components and parts of low-power consumption type, will greatly reduce the power consumption of system again, further improved and in solar electrical energy generation, changed inefficient problem.Native system adopts resolution element to build solar maximum power tracking circuit, compares special chip, and cost also reduces greatly.
Claims (1)
1. three grades of segmentation temperature self-adaptation sun power MPPT methods based on final power back off, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
A, startup system, initialization system parameters;
B, according to [V between the absolute field of solar battery group output voltage range at current solar battery group maximum power point in season place is set current season
abl, V
abr];
In between c, the absolute field in step b, use disturbance observation method to find the direct Maximum Power Output of solar battery group according to the direct output power of solar battery group and put corresponding output voltage V
1if, V
1> V
abr, by V
abrrelatively interval upper limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rlr; If V
1≤ V
abr, by V
1relatively interval upper limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rlr, and record now final output power P
rlr;
Minimum value between d, the absolute field that obtains from step b starts to detect final output power by step-length pointwise, until this power equals P
rlrtill, and the output voltage V of record solar battery group now
2if, V
2< V
abl, by V
ablrelatively interval lower limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll; If V
abl≤ V
2< V
rlr, by V
2relatively interval lower limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll; If V
2>=V
rlr, by V
rlrrelatively interval lower limit V as the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll, now final output power is designated as P
max, as maximum power point power, V
rlrbe designated as the solar battery group output voltage V of maximum power point
max, go to step g;
E, according to the V obtaining in step c and steps d
rlland V
rlrdetermine the relatively interval [V of the output voltage range at maximum power point place under Current Temperatures
rll, V
rlr];
F, at relatively interval [V
rll, V
rlr] the interior maximum power point that adopts disturbance observation method to find final output power, note final output power is now peak power P
max, now solar battery group output voltage is designated as the output voltage V of maximum power point
max;
G, start timer, timing is 5 to 10 minutes, and timing arrives, testing environment temperature, and be updated to Current Temperatures and current season information;
If the current seasonal variations of h, goes to step b, if current season is unchanged, continue step I;
If I Current Temperatures changes, go to step c, determine the relatively interval [V of the output voltage range at maximum power point place at new temperature
rll, V
rlr], if do not change, go to step f, continue at current relatively interval [V
rll, V
rlr] the interior maximum power point of finding final output power.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110440482.9A CN102778915B (en) | 2011-12-26 | 2011-12-26 | Self-adaptive MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method for solar energy with three stages of sectional temperature fed back based on final power |
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| CN201110440482.9A CN102778915B (en) | 2011-12-26 | 2011-12-26 | Self-adaptive MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method for solar energy with three stages of sectional temperature fed back based on final power |
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| CN103823503B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 洛阳理工学院 | Control method based on the prime pressure-adjustable type solar energy MPPT system of final power back off |
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| TW200827974A (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-07-01 | Ming-Hsin Sun | Power tracking system of solar energy system and the method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1230709A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-06 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Solar generating device |
| CN101626213A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2010-01-13 | 河海大学 | Double-layer nesting search method for tracking maximum power point in photovoltaic generating system |
| CN101719737A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-06-02 | 艾默生网络能源有限公司 | Scanning method for tracing maximal power point of solar energy photovoltaic panel |
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