CN102778457A - Method for detecting toughness of bainite steel welding point - Google Patents
Method for detecting toughness of bainite steel welding point Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical group O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法，包括以下步骤：a）提供贝氏体钢焊接接头试样；b）将试样使用苦味酸腐蚀溶液腐蚀，并将腐蚀后的试样进行抛光、清洗；c）将清洗之后的试样拍摄金相图片；d）将所述金相图片进行图像处理和数据统计得到金相图片中黑色区域的面积参数；e）将不同试样的面积参数进行比较，得到不同试样韧性的相对大小。根据本发明实施例的检测方法，相比于两步电解腐蚀法，该方法不仅针对M-A组元，还可以将碳含量较高的区域全部腐蚀出来，适用范围广，而且腐蚀工艺简单，易于操作，不仅可以用于实验室研究，还可在实际生产中使用。
The invention discloses a method for detecting the toughness of a bainite steel welded joint, which comprises the following steps: a) providing a sample of a bainite steel welded joint; b) corroding the sample with a picric acid corrosion solution, and corroding the corroded The sample is polished and cleaned; c) Take the metallographic picture of the sample after cleaning; d) Perform image processing and data statistics on the metallographic picture to obtain the area parameters of the black area in the metallographic picture; The area parameters of the samples are compared to obtain the relative size of the toughness of different samples. According to the detection method of the embodiment of the present invention, compared with the two-step electrolytic corrosion method, this method not only targets the MA component, but also can corrode all the areas with high carbon content, which has a wide range of applications, and the corrosion process is simple and easy to operate , not only for laboratory research, but also for actual production.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及力学性能技术领域，更具体地，本发明涉及一种贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法。The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical properties, and more specifically, the invention relates to a method for detecting toughness of welded joints of bainite steel.
背景技术 Background technique
汽轮机低压焊接转子大多采用贝氏体钢焊接，韧性是贝氏体钢焊接接头的重要力学参数，是影响汽轮机转子安全性的一个重要因素。随着转子向高参数、大型化方向发展，韧性的重要性越来越大；而历史上由韧性不足引发的转子脆性断裂事故更加凸显了韧性的重要性。Most low-pressure welded rotors of steam turbines are welded with bainitic steel. Toughness is an important mechanical parameter of bainitic steel welded joints and an important factor affecting the safety of steam turbine rotors. With the development of rotors with high parameters and large scale, the importance of toughness is becoming more and more important; and the brittle fracture accidents of rotors caused by insufficient toughness in history have highlighted the importance of toughness.
在转子的埋弧焊过程中，先焊焊道的热影响粗晶区会受到后续多道焊道的复杂热作用，从而形成焊接接头中韧性的相对薄弱环节--层间，层间制约着整个转子的韧性的提高。已有的实验研究表明，在贝氏体钢焊缝的层间较易出现M-A组元。M-A组元含有较高的碳含量，相比于铁素体基体，其硬度更高，所以M-A组元的大小、分布等都对接头的韧性有着重要的影响。研究M-A组元与焊接接头韧性之间的对应关系十分具有现实意义。During the submerged arc welding process of the rotor, the heat-affected coarse-grained zone of the first welding pass will be subjected to the complex thermal action of the subsequent multi-pass welding passes, thus forming a relatively weak link in the toughness of the welded joint-interlayers, interlayers restrict Improved toughness of the entire rotor. Existing experimental studies have shown that M-A components are more likely to appear in the interlayer of bainitic steel welds. The M-A component contains a higher carbon content, and its hardness is higher than that of the ferrite matrix. Therefore, the size and distribution of the M-A component have an important impact on the toughness of the joint. It is of great practical significance to study the correspondence between M-A components and the toughness of welded joints.
已知现有的研究方法主要是通过热模拟的方法放大焊接层间，使用两步电解腐蚀显示出M-A组元之后进行软件统计。目前已有的研究成果是发现M-A组元的形状、大小及分布对接头的韧性有重要影响。这种方法可以较为准确得腐蚀出M-A组元，统计也更加精确；但是两步电解腐蚀法需要多种试剂，需要通电，腐蚀工艺也较为复杂，适合实验室使用，在实际生产中并不适用。It is known that the existing research methods mainly use thermal simulation to enlarge the welding interlayer, use two-step electrolytic corrosion to display the M-A components, and then perform software statistics. The existing research results have found that the shape, size and distribution of M-A components have an important impact on the toughness of the joint. This method can corrode M-A components more accurately, and the statistics are more accurate; however, the two-step electrolytic corrosion method requires a variety of reagents, needs to be powered on, and the corrosion process is relatively complicated. It is suitable for laboratory use, but not applicable in actual production. .
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述技术问题之一或至少提供一种有用的商业选择。The present invention aims at solving one of the above technical problems at least to a certain extent or at least providing a useful commercial choice.
为此，本发明的一个目的在于提出一种腐蚀工艺简单、易于操作且适合实际生产的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a method for detecting the toughness of welded joints of bainitic steel that has a simple corrosion process, is easy to operate and is suitable for actual production.
根据本发明实施例的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法，包括以下步骤：a）提供贝氏体钢焊接接头试样；b）将试样使用苦味酸腐蚀溶液腐蚀，并将腐蚀后的试样进行抛光、清洗；c）将清洗之后的试样拍摄金相图片；d）将所述金相图片进行图像处理和数据统计得到金相图片中黑色区域的面积参数；e）将不同试样的面积参数进行比较，得到不同试样韧性的相对大小。The method for detecting the toughness of a bainite steel welded joint according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: a) providing a sample of a bainite steel welded joint; b) corroding the sample with a picric acid corrosion solution, and corroding the corroded The sample is polished and cleaned; c) Take the metallographic picture of the sample after cleaning; d) Perform image processing and data statistics on the metallographic picture to obtain the area parameters of the black area in the metallographic picture; By comparing the area parameters of the samples, the relative size of the toughness of different samples can be obtained.
根据本发明实施例的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法，相比于两步电解腐蚀法，该方法不仅针对M-A组元，还可以将碳含量较高的区域全部腐蚀出来，适用范围广，而且腐蚀工艺简单，易于操作，不仅可以用于实验室研究，还可在实际生产中使用。Compared with the two-step electrolytic corrosion method, the method for detecting the toughness of welded joints of bainitic steel according to the embodiment of the present invention not only targets M-A components, but also can corrode all the areas with high carbon content, and has a wide range of applications , and the corrosion process is simple and easy to operate, not only for laboratory research, but also for actual production.
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：In addition, the method for detecting toughness of welded joints of bainitic steel according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
根据本发明的一个实施例，其中所述面积参数包括平均面积。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the area parameter includes an average area.
根据本发明的一个实施例，步骤a）包括：According to one embodiment of the present invention, step a) includes:
a-1）提供贝氏体钢焊接接头试样，将试样进行热模拟以放大所述试样的层间；a-1) Provide a bainitic steel welded joint sample, and conduct thermal simulation on the sample to enlarge the interlayer of the sample;
a-2）将热模拟之后的试样依次用第一至第六段砂纸进行磨样；a-2) Grind the samples after thermal simulation with the first to sixth sections of sandpaper in sequence;
a-3）将磨样后的试样进行抛光，去除试样表面划痕和麻点。a-3) Polish the sample after grinding to remove scratches and pitting on the surface of the sample.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一段至第六段砂纸分别为400#、600#、800#、1000#、1500#和2000#砂纸。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first to sixth sections of sandpaper are respectively 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1500# and 2000# sandpaper.
根据本发明的一个实施例，步骤a-3）中所用抛光膏为2.5号和0.5号抛光膏。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the polishing pastes used in step a-3) are No. 2.5 and No. 0.5 polishing pastes.
根据本发明的一个实施例，步骤b）包括：According to one embodiment of the present invention, step b) includes:
b-1）配制苦味酸腐蚀溶液；b-1) Preparation of picric acid corrosion solution;
b-2）将热模拟之后的试样表面浸入苦味酸腐蚀溶液中腐蚀，等试样表面完全变黑之后取出；b-2) Immerse the surface of the sample after the thermal simulation in the picric acid corrosion solution for corrosion, and take it out after the surface of the sample turns completely black;
b-3）用脱脂棉去除试样表面黑色物质后进行抛光处理；b-3) Use absorbent cotton to remove the black substance on the surface of the sample and then polish it;
b-4）将抛光后的试样在酒精中进行超声清洗；b-4) Ultrasonic cleaning the polished sample in alcohol;
b-5）重复步骤b-2）-b-4）4-5次。b-5) Repeat steps b-2)-b-4) 4-5 times.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述苦味酸腐蚀溶液为过饱和苦味酸溶液，其溶剂为95℃的蒸馏水。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the picric acid corrosion solution is a supersaturated picric acid solution, and its solvent is distilled water at 95°C.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述苦味酸腐蚀溶液中含有洗洁精，所述洗洁精与所述溶剂的体积比为3：200。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the picric acid corrosion solution contains detergent, and the volume ratio of the detergent to the solvent is 3:200.
根据本发明的一个实施例，步骤b-3）中所用抛光膏为0.5号抛光膏，抛光时间为5s。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the polishing paste used in step b-3) is No. 5 polishing paste, and the polishing time is 5s.
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明 Description of drawings
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:
图1是根据本发明实施例的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法的流程示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting the toughness of a welded joint of bainitic steel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
首先参考图1描述根据本发明实施例的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法的流程。Firstly, referring to FIG. 1 , the flow of the method for detecting the toughness of a welded joint of bainitic steel according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
具体地，根据本发明实施例的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法包括以下步骤：Specifically, the method for detecting the toughness of a bainitic steel welded joint according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
a）提供贝氏体钢焊接接头试样；a) Provide bainitic steel welded joint samples;
b）将试样使用苦味酸腐蚀溶液腐蚀，并将腐蚀后的试样进行抛光、清洗；b) Corrode the sample with picric acid corrosion solution, and polish and clean the corroded sample;
c）将清洗之后的试样拍摄金相图片；c) Take a metallographic picture of the sample after cleaning;
d）将所述金相图片进行图像处理和数据统计得到金相图片中黑色区域的面积参数；d) performing image processing and data statistics on the metallographic picture to obtain the area parameter of the black area in the metallographic picture;
e）将不同试样的面积参数进行比较，得到不同试样韧性的相对大小。e) Compare the area parameters of different samples to obtain the relative size of the toughness of different samples.
由此，根据本发明实施例的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法，相比于两步电解腐蚀法，该方法不仅针对M-A组元，还可以将碳含量较高的区域全部腐蚀出来，适用范围广，而且腐蚀工艺简单，易于操作，不仅可以用于实验室研究，还可在实际生产中使用。Therefore, compared with the two-step electrolytic corrosion method, the method for detecting the toughness of welded joints of bainite steel according to the embodiment of the present invention not only targets the M-A component, but also can corrode all the areas with higher carbon content, It has a wide range of applications, and the corrosion process is simple and easy to operate. It can be used not only in laboratory research, but also in actual production.
在步骤a）中，所述贝氏体钢焊接接头试样的来源没有特殊限制，采用普通的经过贝氏体钢焊接的接头即可。为了便于检测所述贝氏体钢焊接接头试样的韧性，可以将试样进行热模拟以放大所述试样的层间，所述热模拟方法可以采用常规热模拟试验用方法。In step a), the source of the bainitic steel welded joint sample is not particularly limited, and common joints welded by bainitic steel can be used. In order to facilitate the testing of the toughness of the bainite steel welded joint sample, the sample can be subjected to thermal simulation to enlarge the interlayer of the sample, and the thermal simulation method can be a conventional thermal simulation test method.
考虑到需要拍摄金相图片，所以需要将热模拟之后的试样进行磨样；考虑到划痕和麻点会影响试样的后续腐蚀效果，可以将试样在打磨之后进行抛光处理。Considering the need to take metallographic pictures, it is necessary to grind the sample after thermal simulation; considering that scratches and pitting will affect the subsequent corrosion effect of the sample, the sample can be polished after grinding.
关于磨样的方法和砂纸没有特殊限制，只要能将试样表面打磨平整即可。优选地，可以将热模拟之后的试样依次用第一至第六段砂纸进行磨样，所述第一段至第六段砂纸分别为400#、600#、800#、1000#、1500#和2000#砂纸，磨样后保证后一段砂纸的磨痕能够完全覆盖上一段砂纸的磨痕。There are no special restrictions on the method of grinding the sample and sandpaper, as long as the surface of the sample can be polished evenly. Preferably, the samples after the thermal simulation can be ground with the first to sixth sections of sandpaper in sequence, and the first to sixth sections of sandpaper are respectively 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1500# And 2000# sandpaper, after grinding the sample, ensure that the wear marks of the last sandpaper can completely cover the wear marks of the previous sandpaper.
抛光处理可以去除经过磨样后的试样表面的划痕和麻点，关于所述抛光方法没有特殊限制，选用合适的抛光膏进行抛光即可。优选地，所用抛光膏为2.5号和0.5号抛光膏。The polishing treatment can remove scratches and pits on the surface of the sample after grinding. There is no special limitation on the polishing method, as long as a suitable polishing paste is selected for polishing. Preferably, the polishing pastes used are No. 2.5 and No. 0.5 polishing pastes.
具体地，步骤a）可以包括以下步骤：Specifically, step a) may include the following steps:
a-1）提供贝氏体钢焊接接头试样，将试样进行热模拟以放大所述试样的层间；a-1) Provide a bainitic steel welded joint sample, and conduct thermal simulation on the sample to enlarge the interlayer of the sample;
a-2）将热模拟之后的试样依次用第一至第六段砂纸进行磨样；a-2) Grind the samples after thermal simulation with the first to sixth sections of sandpaper in sequence;
a-3）将磨样后的试样进行抛光，去除试样表面划痕和麻点。a-3) Polish the sample after grinding to remove scratches and pitting on the surface of the sample.
在步骤b）中，将经过磨样和抛光处理后的试样进行腐蚀处理，并将腐蚀后的试样进行抛光和清洗。In step b), the ground and polished sample is subjected to corrosion treatment, and the corroded sample is subjected to polishing and cleaning.
所述腐蚀处理所用试剂为苦味酸腐蚀溶液，优选地，采用过饱和苦味酸腐蚀溶液。所述过饱和苦味酸腐蚀溶液采用95℃的蒸馏水作为溶剂，可以增加苦味酸的溶解量。所述过饱和苦味酸腐蚀溶液中还可以含有洗洁精，所述洗洁精与所述溶剂的体积比为3：200。The reagent used in the etching treatment is a picric acid etching solution, preferably, a supersaturated picric acid etching solution is used. The supersaturated picric acid corrosion solution uses distilled water at 95° C. as a solvent, which can increase the dissolved amount of picric acid. The supersaturated picric acid corrosion solution may also contain detergent, and the volume ratio of the detergent to the solvent is 3:200.
所述腐蚀处理的方法没有特殊限制，只要能达到将试样表面腐蚀的效果即可。为了保证腐蚀充分，优选地，可以将热模拟之后的试样表面浸入苦味酸腐蚀溶液中进行腐蚀，等试样表面完全变黑之后取出，取出后，使用干净的脱脂棉在流动的水中擦去试样表面黑色物质。The corrosion treatment method is not particularly limited, as long as it can achieve the effect of corroding the surface of the sample. In order to ensure sufficient corrosion, preferably, the surface of the sample after thermal simulation can be immersed in a picric acid corrosion solution for corrosion, and then taken out after the surface of the sample is completely blackened, after taking out, use clean absorbent cotton to wipe off the test piece in flowing water. Black substance on the sample surface.
待试样表面黑色物质擦除后，将其进行抛光和清洗。由于试样刚经过腐蚀处理，为了防止抛光过程对试样产生损伤，此处抛光采用轻抛，轻抛所用抛光膏为0.5号抛光膏，轻抛时间为5s。抛光后将试样放到酒精中进行超声清洗，清洗时间为2min。After the black substance on the surface of the sample is wiped off, it is polished and cleaned. Since the sample has just been corroded, in order to prevent damage to the sample during the polishing process, light polishing is used here, the polishing paste used for light polishing is No. 5 polishing paste, and the light polishing time is 5s. After polishing, put the sample into alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and the cleaning time is 2 minutes.
为了保证腐蚀效果，可以重复上述腐蚀、抛光和清洗步骤4-5次。In order to ensure the corrosion effect, the above corrosion, polishing and cleaning steps can be repeated 4-5 times.
具体地，步骤b）可以包括以下步骤：Specifically, step b) may include the following steps:
b-1）配制苦味酸腐蚀溶液；b-1) Preparation of picric acid corrosion solution;
b-2）将热模拟之后的试样表面浸入苦味酸腐蚀溶液中腐蚀，等试样表面完全变黑之后取出；b-2) Immerse the surface of the sample after the thermal simulation in the picric acid corrosion solution for corrosion, and take it out after the surface of the sample turns completely black;
b-3）用脱脂棉去除试样表面黑色物质后进行抛光处理；b-3) Use absorbent cotton to remove the black substance on the surface of the sample and then polish it;
b-4）将抛光后的试样在酒精中进行超声清洗；b-4) Ultrasonic cleaning the polished sample in alcohol;
b-5）重复步骤b-2）-b-4）4-5次。b-5) Repeat steps b-2)-b-4) 4-5 times.
将清洗之后的试样拍摄低倍（100×、200×、500×等）下的金相图，并将所述金相图片进行图像处理和数据统计得到金相图片中黑色区域的面积参数。所述图像处理软件没有特殊限制，例如可以采用OpenCV等。将不同试样的面积参数进行比较，得到不同试样韧性的相对大小。其中，所述面积参数主要为平均面积值。Take the metallographic picture of the cleaned sample at low magnification (100×, 200×, 500×, etc.), and perform image processing and data statistics on the metallographic picture to obtain the area parameters of the black area in the metallographic picture. The image processing software is not particularly limited, for example, OpenCV and the like can be used. The area parameters of different samples are compared to obtain the relative size of the toughness of different samples. Wherein, the area parameter is mainly an average area value.
下面参照实施例具体描述根据本发明的贝氏体钢焊接接头韧性的检测方法。The method for detecting the toughness of a bainitic steel welded joint according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.
实施例1Example 1
提供贝氏体钢焊接接头试样，将试样进行热模拟放大所述试样的层间。将热模拟之后的试样依次用400#、600#、800#、1000#、1500#和2000#砂纸进行磨样，然后将磨样后的试样进行抛光，去除试样表面划痕和麻点。A bainitic steel welded joint sample is provided, and the thermal simulation of the sample is performed to enlarge the interlayer of the sample. Grind the samples after thermal simulation with 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1500# and 2000# sandpaper in sequence, and then polish the samples after grinding to remove scratches and numbness on the surface of the samples. point.
将过量苦味酸溶于200ml 95℃的蒸馏水中，并添加3ml洗洁精配制得到过饱和苦味酸腐蚀溶液。将热模拟之后的试样表面浸入过饱和苦味酸腐蚀溶液中腐蚀3min，等试样表面完全变黑之后取出；使用干净的脱脂棉在流动的水中擦去试样表面黑色物质，用0.5号抛光膏将试样轻抛为5s，放到酒精中进行超声清洗2min。重复上述腐蚀、抛光和清洗步骤4-5次。Dissolve excess picric acid in 200ml of distilled water at 95°C, and add 3ml of detergent to prepare a supersaturated picric acid corrosion solution. Immerse the surface of the sample after thermal simulation in a supersaturated picric acid corrosion solution for 3 minutes, and take it out after the surface of the sample is completely black; use clean absorbent cotton to wipe off the black substance on the surface of the sample in running water, and use No. 0.5 polishing paste Throw the sample lightly for 5 seconds, put it in alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 2 minutes. Repeat the above etching, polishing and cleaning steps 4-5 times.
将清洗之后的试样拍摄低倍（100×、200×、500×等）下的金相图，并将所述金相图片采用OpenCV进行图像处理和数据统计得到金相图片中黑色区域的面积参数。将不同试样的面积参数进行比较，得到不同试样韧性的相对大小。Take the metallographic image of the sample after cleaning at low magnification (100×, 200×, 500×, etc.), and use OpenCV to perform image processing and data statistics on the metallographic image to obtain the area of the black area in the metallographic image parameter. The area parameters of different samples are compared to obtain the relative size of the toughness of different samples.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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| CN109355661A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-02-19 | 东风汽车有限公司 | Corrosive agent for steel plate welding area, corrosion method and application |
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