CN102778346B - Method and device for online judging rigid disconnection point and rigid connection point of breaker - Google Patents
Method and device for online judging rigid disconnection point and rigid connection point of breaker Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for online judging a rigid disconnection point and a rigid connection point of a breaker. The device comprises a sensor unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit. The method comprises the following steps of (1) acquiring, transmitting and storing displacement signal data, and performing de-noising and de-burring smooth processing; (2) calculating the three-phase displacement amount, the starting time and the disconnection and connection speed of the breaker in a connection process; (3) determining the rigid connection point in a three-phase connection process according to accelerated speed; (4) obtaining the contact travel in the three-phase connection process according to the rigid connection point; and (5) calculating the rigid disconnection point in a disconnection process according to the principle that three-phase disconnection and connection contact travels are equal. The displacement is directly measured by selecting the three-phase displacement sensor, and the rigid disconnection point and the rigid connection point are obtained according to the accelerated speed, so that the three-phase measurement precision is improved, and three-phase mechanical characteristics are monitored online.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical technology field, relate in particular to a kind of isolating switch just online determination methods and the device thereof of minute firm chalaza.
Background technology
Isolating switch is control and protection electrical equipment important in electric system; in operation of power networks, play and control power circuit and equipment investment and exit, excise rapidly the vital role such as faulty line, the normal operation of protection non-fault circuit, the normal work that ensures isolating switch is the basis that maintains power system safety and stability operation.Traditional prophylactic repair mode can not meet the requirement of modern large-scale electrical power system development, need to change to repair based on condition of component.Therefore, can show isolating switch working condition, possess fault diagnosis functions, can just seem particularly important for repair based on condition of component provides the on-line monitoring technique of foundation.
The monitoring target that isolating switch on-line monitoring comprises mainly contains: divide-shut brake coil current, energy storage motor electric current, three-phase contact voltage electric current, three-phase displacement, contact temperature, shelf depreciation, vacuum packet vacuum tightness and working state of circuit breaker (deciliter, energy storage etc.) etc.Wherein the monitoring of three-phase displacement is particularly important, and the mechanical property of many isolating switchs comprises that the parameters such as clearance between open contacts, contacting travel, branch wire time, divide-shut brake speed, switching order and three-phase asynchrony are all to be calculated and got by three-phase displacement data.In the calculating of these mechanical property parameters, isolating switch has just divided the judgement of firm chalaza to play crucial effect, is the prerequisite of determining clearance between open contacts, contacting travel and three-phase asynchrony.
In order to improve isolating switch serviceable life, ensure its stable operation, reduce daily maintenance cost, just must improve the content of on-line monitoring and improve the precision of monitoring.Just the judgement of minute firm chalaza is exactly an important content in on-line monitoring technique, and its monitoring accuracy has very large impact for mechanical features parameter, is also determining the credibility of fault diagnosis simultaneously.Detection for isolating switch is mostly to carry out under the state of off-line zero load traditionally, by add subsidiary loop on three-phase contact, completes detection.And when isolating switch is operated in online load condition, three-phase contact is operated in high pressure conditions, is difficult to determine just minute firm chalaza by detecting loop current, thereby can not in isolating switch on-line monitoring system, be applied.So, design a kind of on-line monitoring that is applicable to, can accurately differentiate isolating switch and just divide the on-line measurement new algorithm of firm chalaza to become the problem of needing solution badly.
For isolating switch, certain research has been carried out in the just differentiation of minute firm chalaza both at home and abroad, has also produced some applications of result in isolating switch on-line monitoring system.Traditional just detection of minute firm chalaza for circuit-breaker switching on-off is mainly to be undertaken by photoelectric encoder, and photoelectric encoder is installed on operating mechanism main shaft, is scaled the stroke of moving contact by detecting corner.Utilize numerical differentiation to ask for each sampling point speed, speed zero point is thought to the firm chalaza of isolating switch.Its defect is to detect the corner of breaker main shaft, cannot be translated into the independent displacement of three-phase, brings difficulty to the calculating of three-phase asynchrony.Also there is in recent years a kind of three-phase combined floodgate vibration signal that passes through to detect, extracted the method that vibr ation signals is used for detecting firm chalaza.The method has certain accuracy of detection, yet but and be not suitable for 10-20KV vacuum circuit breaker.Generally speaking, the defect such as it is not high that old detection scheme exists accuracy of detection, detection scheme complexity, is not suitable with the requirement of on-line monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of isolating switch that is applicable to on-line monitoring and just divided firm chalaza determination methods and device thereof.The present invention is simple and practical, computational accuracy is relatively high; Its installation cost is lower, reliable and stable, can move continuously, can meet on-line monitoring about requirement that just minute firm chalaza and other mechanical parameters detect.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of isolating switch of the present invention is the online determination methods of minute firm chalaza just, comprise: the online determination methods of the firm chalaza of isolating switch and the just online determination methods of branch, it is characterized in that, utilize the online determination methods of the firm chalaza of isolating switch respectively the firm chalaza of A, B, C three-phase enforcement isolating switch to be judged online, utilize the online determination methods of firm branch respectively the firm branch of A, B, C three-phase enforcement isolating switch to be judged online
The online determination methods of the firm chalaza of described isolating switch comprises the following steps:
Step 1 is according to the sampling time order of sampled point, utilizes displacement transducer to obtain successively the shift simulation amount disA (i) of the moving contact of breaker making process of constant duration T, i=1,2,3 ... time interval T=1/f, f is sampling rate, the sequence number that i is sampled point and for positive integer
Step 2 placement algorithm parameter: select breaker operation mechanism bottom panel as measurement datum, and using measurement datum to the distance between gate-dividing state lower moving contact as the actual least displacement value of moving contact Amin, using measurement datum to the distance between "on" position lower moving contact as the actual maximum displacement value Amax of moving contact, by measurement, obtain the actual maximum displacement value Amax of moving contact and the actual least displacement value of moving contact Amin again
The moving contact displacement signal pre-service that step 3 pair step 1 gathers: adopt wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm to carry out one dimension noise reduction, eliminate noise, after de-noising, data are disA1 (i), i=1,2,3 ....Utilize limit filtration means to remove burr, obtaining pretreated discrete displacement data is disA2 (i), i=1,2,3 ...,
The calculating of step 4 actual discrete displacement disAs (i), total kilometres strA, combined floodgate initial time nhA1 and discrete closing speed yA (i):
Step 4.1 actual discrete displacement disAs (i) calculates:
First calculate total kilometres strA, total kilometres strA=Amax-Amin;
Next calculates linear scale factor KK, described linear scale factor KK represent actual displacement amount and the signal voltage value that gathers between linear scaling, computing formula is: KK=strA/ (av2-av1), wherein av2 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of "on" position, and av1 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of gate-dividing state;
Finally obtain actual discrete displacement disAs (i), actual discrete displacement is:
disAs(i)＝(disA2(i)-av1)×KK
Step 4.2 search initial time nhA1: search for one by one backward disAs (i), and take first be greater than making process total kilometres strA 10% the point in the correspondence moment be nhA1,
The corresponding discrete closing speed yA of step 4.3 actual discrete displacement disAs (i) (i) obtains by 3 formula of numerical differentiation, disAs (l), disAs (l+1), disAs (l+2) are carried out to segmentation calculating as one group, l=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number, and its algorithm is as follows:
L=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number,
Obtain the discrete closing speed yA of making process (i), i=1,2,3 ...,
The firm chalaza judgement of step 5 making process, it is specifically as follows step by step:
Step 5.1 be take nhA1 as starting point, search speed nhA2 at zero point backward, and its basis for estimation is:
DisAs (k+1)-disAs (k) < 0 and disAs (k)-disAs (k-1) > 0
Wherein, k successively value be nhA1, nhA1+1, nhA1+2 ..., until occur the k satisfying condition and be nhA2 point with first k point satisfying condition,
Step 5.2 be take nhA2 as starting point, searches for forward acceleration nhA3 at zero point, and its basis for estimation is:
YA (j+1)-yA (j) < 0 and yA (j)-yA (j-1) > 0
Wherein, j successively value be nhA2, nhA2-1, nhA2-2 ..., until occur the j satisfying condition and be nhA3 point with first j point satisfying condition,
Step 6 is usingd nhA3 point as firm chalaza, asks for isolating switch contacting travel ConA,
ConA＝strA-disAs(nhA3)；
The online determination methods of the firm branch of described isolating switch comprises the following steps:
Step 7 is according to the sampling time order of sampled point, utilizes displacement transducer to obtain successively the shift simulation amount dispA (i) of the moving contact of breaker separating brake process of constant duration T, i=1,2,3 ... time interval T=1/f, f is sampling rate, the sequence number that i is sampled point and for positive integer
The moving contact displacement signal pre-service that step 8 pair step 7 gathers: adopt wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm to carry out one dimension noise reduction, eliminate noise, utilize limit filtration means to remove burr, obtaining pretreated discrete displacement data is dispA2 (i), i=1,2,3,
Step 9 actual discrete displacement dispAs (i) calculates, dispAs (i)=(dispA2 (i)-av1) * KK,
Step 10, according to the equal principle of divide-shut brake process contact stroke ConA, is searched for dispAs (i) in order backward, i=1,2,3 ..., and take first be greater than ConA correspondence point be constantly nfA1, i.e. the firm branch of separating brake process.
Of the present invention a kind of for implementing the just device of the online determination methods of minute firm chalaza of isolating switch, comprise: the operating mechanism that is provided with isolating switch, the base plate of operating mechanism of take is measurement datum, and on operating mechanism, be provided with three-phase displacement transducer, three-phase displacement transducer is connected by " Z " shape web member with the insulated tension pole in isolating switch.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention utilizes acceleration to judge the firm branch of breaker closing zero point, have higher confidence level, and the method computation process is simple, and operand is less, is applicable to on-line monitoring.Utilize three-phase displacement transducer to gather stroke signal, can calculate most mechanical parameters of isolating switch operation, do not need extra data channel, make that apparatus structure is simple, cost is lower, stable and reliable operation, meets the requirement of on-line monitoring.Utilize wavelet noise means and threshold value limit filtration burr removing method, eliminated the interference that site environment noise and the mechanical vibration of isolating switch own produce, the accuracy that has improved determination methods.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is acceleration criterion algorithm flow chart;
Fig. 4 is signal graph after three-phase combined floodgate displacement original signal figure and pre-service.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
In order to obtain respectively the just exact position of minute firm chalaza of isolating switch three-phase, first just model and the installation site of necessary choose reasonable sensor.The present invention selects miniature displacement transducer KTS-25, is characterized in that volume is small and exquisite, is easy to install; Simple in structure, power consumption is lower; There are higher linearity and repeatable accuracy, can guarantee sampling precision; Adopt resistance sensor, response is very fast, has guaranteed the real-time of data, is specially adapted to 10-20KV vacuum circuit breaker on-line monitoring system.The present invention adopt three independently displacement transducer measure respectively the displacement of three-phase separate combined floodgate, overcome and adopted photoelectric encoder can only measure the defect of single-phase displacement in the past.Installation of sensors is below moving contact of breaker insulated tension pole, and sensor activity parts pull bar is fixed on insulating pull rod for breaker, and shell is fixed on circuit breaker base.Installation direction makes sensor parallel with insulated tension pole, therefore the displacement of sensor can reflect the displacement of moving contact itself completely.Concrete installation site as shown in Figure 1.
The sampling rate 25KHz that the present invention adopts, sampling length arrives 2s afterwards for receiving the front 200ms of deciliter signal.The resulting signal of three-phase displacement transducer, by signal condition filtering circuit, is translated into digital signal by A/D change-over circuit.Through auxiliary processor FPGA, transfer to primary processor ARM, ARM receives displacement data, by its with together with the sampled data of other monitoring variables according to self-defined message format packing, and be sent to up-computer data processing unit by Ethernet interface.Host computer receives message, unpacks and building database storage data.Form real-time synchronization data stream at a high speed, can guarantee validity and the degree of accuracy of data.Software algorithm realizes by MATLAB software, by the compiling of MATLAB Builder for COM compiler, generates com component, call com component and complete data calculating, and the form with data and figure shows by result of calculation during isolating switch on-line monitoring running software.
Be illustrated in figure 2 a kind of isolating switch that is applicable to on-line monitoring and just divided firm chalaza determination methods and device software algorithm flow chart.To A, B, C three-phase, adopt identical algorithm flow as follows:
(1) read host computer storage three-phase making process displacement data disA (i) i=1,2,3 ... and predefined configuration data, comprise sample frequency, the actual maximum displacement value Amax of moving contact and the actual least displacement value of moving contact Amin.
(2) raw data pre-service.Data unavoidably can be subject to the interference in some external worlds in collection, transmission, storing process, and the interference of some sampled point is even quite serious, and the computational accuracy of algorithm has been produced to very large impact.In order to get rid of these, disturb, need to take some de-noisings and means of filtering.Small echo, as the important means in signal processing, is widely used in signal noise silencing.Adopt one dimension wavelet de-noising mode wden, its parameter is chosen as: select sym5 small echo; Threshold treatment mode adopts soft-threshold mode, and parameter is Sorh=s; Threshold value selects to adopt maximum minimum principle to produce threshold value, and parameter is tptr=minimaxi; According to the noise level of every one deck wavelet decomposition, estimate to adjust Scal=mln; 5 layers of wavelet decomposition and reconstruct.After de-noising, displacement discrete data is disA1 (i), and its displacement curve is level and smooth, more approaches actual.In order to eliminate the formed large-scale sudden change of some larger interference, adopt deburring limit filtration algorithm as follows: the numerical value of more adjacent two sampled point disA1 (i) and disA1 (i+1), if the difference between them has surpassed the threshold value 0.1 setting, think mutation disturbance has occurred, the numerical value that need to give up this point, comes this disA1 of reconstruct (i+1)=(disA1 (i)+disA1 (i+2))/2 with disA1 (i) with the linear interpolation of disA1 (i+2).After pre-service, discrete data is disA2 (i).
(3) combined floodgate actual displacement disAs (i), combined floodgate initial time nhA1, the discrete speed yA (i) that closes a floodgate calculate.Because the simulating signal of displacement transducer collection is magnitude of voltage, so must utilize configuration data to be translated into actual shift value.Algorithm is as follows: first calculate linear scale factor KK, represent actual displacement amount and the signal voltage value that gathers between linear scaling.KK=strA/ (av2-av1), wherein av2 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of A phase "on" position, av1 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of A phase gate-dividing state, total kilometres strA=Amax-Amir.Recycling Proportional coefficient K K is converted into actual discrete displacement disAs (i) by all sampled datas, disAs (i)=(disA2 (i)-av1) * KK.Obtain thus actual discrete displacement disAs (i).In the calculating of mechanical parameter, conventionally can using 10% total kilometres as starting point.Therefore, need to ask for 10% travel point nhA1.Can be by searching for one by one backward actual discrete displacement, as disAs (i), and take first be greater than making process total kilometres strA 10% correspondence point be constantly nhA1.This algorithm is based on breaker closing process acceleration criterion at zero point, therefore must obtain the discrete velocity amplitude of each sample point.The corresponding discrete closing speed yA of actual discrete displacement disAs (i) (i) obtains by 3 formula of numerical differentiation, disAs (l), disAs (l+1), disAs (l+2) are carried out to segmentation calculating as one group, l=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number, and its algorithm is as follows:
Wherein l=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number, obtains the discrete closing speed yA of making process (i).
(4) just chalaza judgement.Tradition utilize three phase shifts to firm chalaza judgement be Negotiation speed zero point as foundation, obtained certain effect.Yet the moving contact of breaker speed zero point of usining exists certain error as firm chalaza.This is because dynamic/static contact itself has certain elasticity, in making process, can produce certain excess of stroke.In firm chalaza constantly, due to the reacting force of static contact, make moving contact speed start to decline, this brief acceleration reduces to zero, but velocity amplitude is non-vanishing.Therefore, using and acceleration zero point relatively there is higher precision as criterion relative velocity zero point of firm chalaza, more approach actual conditions.Its algorithm is as follows: using nhA1 as starting point, utilize formula disAs (k+1)-disAs (k) < 0 and disAs (k)-disAs (k-1) > 0 to search for backward disAs (i) as Basic Criteria, k successively value be nhA1, nhA1+1, nhA1+2 ..., until there is the k satisfying condition and be nhA2 point with first k point satisfying condition.Because backward acceleration is larger, speed will be very soon reduce to zero, so speed zero point is very approaching and at acceleration rear at zero point with acceleration zero point.Therefore using speed zero point nhA2 as starting point, reverse search acceleration zero point in certain limit before it.Judgment criterion: yA (j+1)-yA (j) < 0 and yA (j)-yA (j-1) > 0, j successively value be nhA2, nhA2-1, nhA2-2 ... until occur the j satisfying condition and be nhA3 point with first j point satisfying condition, using this as the firm chalaza of breaker closing process.Its specific algorithm flow process as shown in Figure 3.
(5) breaker closing contacting travel is defined as the firm chalaza of isolating switch to the moving contact of breaker stop motion displacement of moving contact constantly, according to firm chalaza nhA3, can easily obtain contacting travel ConA=strA-disAs (nhA3).
(6) the firm branch of separating brake process is calculated.First read the shift simulation amount dispA (i) of moving contact separating brake process, by above-mentioned identical method, carry out de-noising and deburring pre-service, and by linear scale factor KK, image data dispA (i) is converted into actual displacement amount dispAs (i).According to the equal principle of divide-shut brake process contact stroke ConA, search for backward in order dispAs (i), and take first be greater than ConA correspondence point be constantly nfA1, i.e. the firm branch of separating brake process.
Embodiment 1
A kind of isolating switch is the online determination methods of minute firm chalaza just, comprise: the online determination methods of the firm chalaza of isolating switch and the just online determination methods of branch, it is characterized in that, utilize the online determination methods of the firm chalaza of isolating switch respectively the firm chalaza of A, B, C three-phase enforcement isolating switch to be judged online, utilize the online determination methods of firm branch respectively the firm branch of A, B, C three-phase enforcement isolating switch to be judged online
The online determination methods of the firm chalaza of described isolating switch comprises the following steps:
Step 1 is according to the sampling time order of sampled point, utilizes displacement transducer to obtain successively the shift simulation amount disA (i) of the moving contact of breaker making process of constant duration T, i=1,2,3 ... time interval T=1/f, f is sampling rate, the sequence number that i is sampled point and for positive integer
Step 2 placement algorithm parameter: select breaker operation mechanism bottom panel as measurement datum, and using measurement datum to the distance between gate-dividing state lower moving contact as the actual least displacement value of moving contact Amin, using measurement datum to the distance between "on" position lower moving contact as the actual maximum displacement value Amax of moving contact, by measurement, obtain the actual maximum displacement value Amax of moving contact and the actual least displacement value of moving contact Amin again
The moving contact displacement signal pre-service that step 3 pair step 1 gathers: adopt wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm to carry out one dimension noise reduction, eliminate noise, after de-noising, data are disA1 (i), i=1,2,3 ....Utilize limit filtration means to remove burr, obtaining pretreated discrete displacement data is disA2 (i), i=1,2,3 ...,
The calculating of step 4 actual discrete displacement disAs (i), total kilometres strA, combined floodgate initial time nhA1 and discrete closing speed yA (i):
Step 4.1 actual discrete displacement disAs (i) calculates:
First calculate total kilometres strA, total kilometres strA=Amax-Amin;
Next calculates linear scale factor KK, described linear scale factor KK represent actual displacement amount and the signal voltage value that gathers between linear scaling, computing formula is: KK=strA/ (av2-av1), wherein av2 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of "on" position, and av1 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of gate-dividing state;
Finally obtain actual discrete displacement disAs (i), actual discrete displacement is:
disAs(i)＝(disA2(i)-av1)×KK
Step 4.2 search initial time nhA1: search for one by one backward disAs (i), and take first be greater than making process total kilometres strA 10% the point in the correspondence moment be nhA1,
The corresponding discrete closing speed yA of step 4.3 actual discrete displacement disAs (i) (i) obtains by 3 formula of numerical differentiation, disAs (l), disAs (l+1), disAs (l+2) are carried out to segmentation calculating as one group, l=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number, and its algorithm is as follows:
L=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number,
Obtain the discrete closing speed yA of making process (i), i=1,2,3 ...,
The firm chalaza judgement of step 5 making process, it is specifically as follows step by step:
Step 5.1 be take nhA1 as starting point, search speed nhA2 at zero point backward, and its basis for estimation is:
DisAs (k+1)-disAs (k) < 0 and disAs (k)-disAs (k-1) > 0
Wherein, k successively value be nhA1, nhA1+1, nhA1+2 ..., until occur the k satisfying condition and be nhA2 point with first k point satisfying condition,
Step 5.2 be take nhA2 as starting point, searches for forward acceleration nhA3 at zero point, and its basis for estimation is:
YA (j+1)-yA (j) < 0 and yA (j)-yA (j-1) > 0
Wherein, j successively value be nhA2, nhA2-1, nhA2-2 ..., until occur the j satisfying condition and be nhA3 point with first j point satisfying condition,
Step 6 is usingd nhA3 point as firm chalaza, asks for isolating switch contacting travel ConA,
ConA＝strA-disAs(nhA3)；
The online determination methods of the firm branch of described isolating switch comprises the following steps:
Step 7 is according to the sampling time order of sampled point, utilizes displacement transducer to obtain successively the shift simulation amount dispA (i) of the moving contact of breaker separating brake process of constant duration T, i=1,2,3 ... time interval T=1/f, f is sampling rate, the sequence number that i is sampled point and for positive integer
The moving contact displacement signal pre-service that step 8 pair step 7 gathers: adopt wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm to carry out one dimension noise reduction, eliminate noise, utilize limit filtration means to remove burr, obtaining pretreated discrete displacement data is dispA2 (i), i=1,2,3,
Step 9 actual discrete displacement dispAs (i) calculates, dispAs (i)=(dispA2 (i)-av1) * KK,
Step 10, according to the equal principle of divide-shut brake process contact stroke ConA, is searched for dispAs (i) in order backward, i=1,2,3 ..., and take first be greater than ConA correspondence point be constantly nfA1, i.e. the firm branch of separating brake process.
Described wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm is to utilize Matlab to carry out one dimension wavelet de-noising to moving contact displacement signal, and its mode is wden, and parameter is chosen as: select sym5 small echo; Threshold treatment mode adopts soft-threshold mode, and parameter is Sorh=s; Threshold value selects to adopt maximum minimum principle to produce threshold value, and parameter is tptr=minimaxi; According to the noise level of every one deck wavelet decomposition, estimate to adjust Scal=mln; 5 layers of wavelet decomposition and reconstruct.
3, isolating switch according to claim 1 has just divided the online determination methods of firm chalaza, it is characterized in that, described deburring algorithm is as follows: the numerical value of more adjacent two sampled point disA1 (i) and disA1 (i+1), i=1,2,3 ... if the difference between them has surpassed the threshold value 0.1 setting, think mutation disturbance has occurred, the numerical value that need to give up this point, threshold value can be set by craft, with disA1 (i), carry out this disA1 of reconstruct (i+1) with the linear interpolation of disA1 (i+2)
disA1(i+1)＝(disA1(i)+disA1(i+2))/2。
Embodiment 2
A kind of for implementing the just device of the online determination methods of minute firm chalaza of isolating switch, comprise: the operating mechanism 1 that is provided with isolating switch 11, the base plate of operating mechanism 1 of take is measurement datum 4, and on operating mechanism 1, be provided with three-phase displacement transducer 2, three-phase displacement transducer 2 is connected by " Z " shape web member 3 with the insulated tension pole 111 in isolating switch 11.
Embodiment 3
The micro linear displacement transducer that is KTS-25 by three models in concrete enforcement gathers respectively vacuum circuit breaker three phase displacement signals that model is VMB5-12, utilize the isolating switch on-line monitoring system of independent development development that the letter of collection is changed through A/D, by Ethernet interface, be sent to host computer and complete data processing, figure demonstration and data storage function.Be illustrated in figure 4 original signal figure and the preprocessed signal figure of vacuum circuit breaker three phase shifts.As can be seen from the figure, in raw bits shifting signal, contain a large amount of undesired signals, brought difficulty to follow-up calculating.After passing threshold limit filtration and wavelet noise, its displacement curve is relatively level and smooth, and characteristic quantity is comparatively obvious, meets the requirement that algorithm calculates.
Combined floodgate and the separating brake process mechanism characterisitic parameter calculating for the isolating switch on-line monitoring software of independent development as shown in table 1.By contrasting with VMB5-12 type vacuum circuit breaker delivery test testing result, result is as shown in table 1.As can be seen from the table, main mechanical parameter is compared comparatively approaching with off-line test data.If using offline inspection data as exact value, three-phase clearance between open contacts precision is respectively: 1.23%, 2.10%, 1.22%.Three-phase contacting travel precision is respectively: 3.03%, 5.04%, 3.11%.Therefore can draw, within firm minute of the present invention, firm chalaza determination methods has higher degree of accuracy relatively, and simple, meets the requirement of on-line monitoring system.
Table 1 VMB5-12 type vacuum circuit breaker factory testing result and algorithm result of calculation of the present invention contrast
Claims (4)
1. an isolating switch has just divided the online determination methods of firm chalaza, comprise: the online determination methods of the firm chalaza of isolating switch and the just online determination methods of branch, it is characterized in that, utilize the online determination methods of the firm chalaza of isolating switch respectively the firm chalaza of A, B, C three-phase enforcement isolating switch to be judged online, utilize the online determination methods of firm branch respectively the firm branch of A, B, C three-phase enforcement isolating switch to be judged online
The online determination methods of the firm chalaza of described isolating switch comprises the following steps:
Step 1 is according to the sampling time order of sampled point, utilizes displacement transducer to obtain successively the displacement signal disA (i) of the moving contact of breaker making process of constant duration T, i=1,2,3 ... time interval T=1/f, f is sampling rate, the sequence number that i is sampled point and for positive integer
Step 2 placement algorithm parameter: select breaker operation mechanism bottom panel as measurement datum, and using measurement datum to the distance between gate-dividing state lower moving contact as the actual least displacement value of moving contact Amin, using measurement datum to the distance between "on" position lower moving contact as the actual maximum displacement value Amax of moving contact, by measurement, obtain the actual maximum displacement value Amax of moving contact and the actual least displacement value of moving contact Amin again
The moving contact displacement signal pre-service that step 3 pair step 1 gathers: adopt wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm to carry out one dimension noise reduction, eliminate noise, after de-noising, data are disA1 (i), i=1,2,3 ... utilize limit filtration means to remove burr, obtaining pretreated discrete displacement data is disA2 (i), i=1,2,3,
The calculating of step 4 actual discrete displacement disAs (i), total kilometres strA, combined floodgate initial time nhA1 and discrete closing speed yA (i):
Step 4.1 actual discrete displacement disAs (i) calculates:
First calculate total kilometres strA, total kilometres strA=Amax-Amin;
Next calculates linear scale factor KK, described linear scale factor KK represent actual displacement amount and the signal voltage value that gathers between linear scaling, computing formula is: KK=strA/ (av2-av1), wherein av2 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of "on" position, and av1 represents the displacement transducer sample voltage value of gate-dividing state;
Finally obtain actual discrete displacement disAs (i), actual discrete displacement is:
disAs(i)=(disA2(i)-av1)×KK
Step 4.2 search initial time nhA1: search for one by one backward disAs (i), and take first be greater than making process total kilometres strA 10% the point in the correspondence moment be nhA1,
The corresponding discrete closing speed yA of step 4.3 actual discrete displacement disAs (i) (i) obtains by 3 formula of numerical differentiation, disAs (l), disAs (l+1), disAs (l+2) are carried out to segmentation calculating as one group, l=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number, and its algorithm is as follows:
L=1,4,7 ..., 3n+1, n is natural number,
Obtain the discrete closing speed yA of making process (i), i=1,2,3 ...,
The firm chalaza judgement of step 5 making process, it is specifically as follows step by step:
Step 5.1 be take nhA1 as starting point, search speed nhA2 at zero point backward, and its basis for estimation is:
DisAs (k+1)-disAs (k) <0 and disAs (k)-disAs (k-1) >0
Wherein, k successively value be nhA1, nhA1+1, nhA1+2 ..., until occur the k satisfying condition and be nhA2 point with first k point satisfying condition,
Step 5.2 be take nhA2 as starting point, searches for forward acceleration nhA3 at zero point, and its basis for estimation is:
YA (j+1)-yA (j) <0 and yA (j)-yA (j-1) >0
Wherein, j successively value be nhA2, nhA2-1, nhA2-2 ..., until occur the j satisfying condition and be nhA3 point with first j point satisfying condition,
Step 6 is usingd nhA3 point as firm chalaza, asks for isolating switch contacting travel ConA,
ConA=strA-disAs(nhA3)；
The online determination methods of the firm branch of described isolating switch comprises the following steps:
Step 7 is according to the sampling time order of sampled point, utilizes displacement transducer to obtain successively the displacement signal dispA (i) of the moving contact of breaker separating brake process of constant duration T, i=1,2,3 ... time interval T=1/f, f is sampling rate, the sequence number that i is sampled point and for positive integer
The moving contact displacement signal pre-service that step 8 pair step 7 gathers: adopt wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm to carry out one dimension noise reduction, eliminate noise, utilize limit filtration means to remove burr, obtaining pretreated discrete displacement data is dispA2 (i), i=1,2,3,
Step 9 actual discrete displacement dispAs (i) calculates, dispAs (i)=(dispA2 (i)-av1) * KK,
Step 10, according to the equal principle of divide-shut brake process contact stroke ConA, is searched for dispAs (i) in order backward, i=1,2,3 ..., and take first be greater than ConA correspondence point be constantly nfA1, i.e. the firm branch of separating brake process.
2. isolating switch according to claim 1 has just divided the online determination methods of firm chalaza, it is characterized in that, described wavelet Based on Denoising Algorithm is to utilize Matlab to carry out one dimension wavelet de-noising to moving contact displacement signal, and its mode is wden, and parameter is chosen as: select sym5 small echo; Threshold treatment mode adopts soft-threshold mode, and parameter is Sorh=s; Threshold value selects to adopt maximum minimum principle to produce threshold value, and parameter is tptr=minimaxi; According to the noise level of every one deck wavelet decomposition, estimate to adjust Scal=mln; 5 layers of wavelet decomposition and reconstruct.
3. isolating switch according to claim 1 has just divided the online determination methods of firm chalaza, it is characterized in that, the described algorithm that utilizes limit filtration means to remove burr is as follows: the numerical value of more adjacent two sampled point disA1 (i) and disA1 (i+1), i=1,2,3 ... if the difference between them has surpassed the threshold value 0.1 setting, think mutation disturbance has occurred, the numerical value that need to give up this point, threshold value can be set by craft, with disA1 (i), carry out this disA1 of reconstruct (i+1) with the linear interpolation of disA1 (i+2)
disA1(i+1)=(disA1(i)+disA1(i+2))/2。
4. one kind has just been divided the device of the online determination methods of firm chalaza for implementing the claims isolating switch described in 1, comprise: the operating mechanism (1) that is provided with isolating switch (11), it is characterized in that, the base plate of operating mechanism (1) of take is measurement datum (4), and on operating mechanism (1), be provided with three-phase displacement transducer (2), three-phase displacement transducer (2) is connected by " Z " shape web member (3) with the insulated tension pole (111) in isolating switch (11).
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| CN102901622B (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2014-12-24 | 东南大学 | Vacuum circuit breaker mechanical parameter online monitoring method based on three-phase displacement signal |
| CN105372059B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-07-27 | 河海大学常州校区 | High voltage isolator mechanical property on-Line Monitor Device and its monitoring method |
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| CN106289735B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-07-20 | 河南森源电气股份有限公司 | The rigid chalaza detection method of breaker based on closing pressure curve and system |
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