CN102778171A - Three-level light-gas gun driven by compressed nitrogen - Google Patents

Three-level light-gas gun driven by compressed nitrogen Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102778171A
CN102778171A CN2012102578178A CN201210257817A CN102778171A CN 102778171 A CN102778171 A CN 102778171A CN 2012102578178 A CN2012102578178 A CN 2012102578178A CN 201210257817 A CN201210257817 A CN 201210257817A CN 102778171 A CN102778171 A CN 102778171A
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grades
gas
pump line
level
internal diameter
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CN102778171B (en
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林俊德
张向荣
朱玉荣
刘文祥
刘冠兰
谭书舜
景吉勇
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Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
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Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
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Abstract

A three-level light-gas gun driven by compressed nitrogen comprises a primary gas chamber, a primary pump tube, a secondary gas chamber, a secondary pump tube, a tertiary gas chamber and a transmitting tube. The primary gas chamber is connected with the primary pump tube, and a quick opening valve is arranged between the primary gas chamber and the primary pump tube; the primary pump tube is connected with the secondary gas chamber; the secondary gas chamber is connected with the secondary pump tube, and a secondary diaphragm is arranged between the secondary gas chamber and the secondary pump tube; the secondary pump tube is connected with the tertiary gas chamber; and the tertiary gas chamber is connected with the transmitting tube, and a tertiary diaphragm is arranged between the tertiary gas chamber and the transmitting tube. A three-level driving mode is adopted, energy utilization efficiency among levels is improved, a severe gas environment in a gun body is improved, and ablation risks of the gun body are reduced; the secondary gas chamber and the tertiary gas chamber are of straight barrel type structures or barrel structures with large cone angles, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; and a replaceable ablation ring is arranged at the front end of the transmitting tube, the ablation risks of the gun body are reduced, and experimental cost of super-speed transmission is greatly reduced.

Description

A kind of with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three grades of light-gas guns, particularly with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen.
Background technology
Light-gas gun ability emissive material, the various bullet of shape; Satisfy the demand of various terminal point benefit simulated tests; Be called as the most general high speed, ultrahigh speed Driving technique, be widely used in fields such as kinetic energy weapon effect study, terrestrial space physical study, spacecraft Protective Research.With respect to one-level light-gas gun and two-stage light gas gun, three grades of light-gas guns adopt three grades of type of drive.
Canada McGill university has developed three grades of light-gas guns that gunpowder drives, and the transmitting tube internal diameter is 12.7mm, and the polyester cylindricality bullet with 1.5g, 1.1g accelerates to 9.6km/s, 10.5km/s respectively.The University of Dayton Research Institute of American Studies mechanism has also developed three grades of light-gas guns that gunpowder drives, and the transmitting tube internal diameter is 5.6mm, can accelerate to 8.65km/s with weighing 0.1g nylon cylindricality bullet.(A.J.Piekutowski,K.L.Poormon.Development?of?a?three-stage,light-gas?gun?at?the?University?of?Dayton?Research?Institue[J],International?Journal?of?Impact?Engineering,33:615~624,2006.)。Domestic still do not have other three grades of light-gas guns.
External three grades of light-gas guns all adopt gunpowder as drive source.Gunpowder detonation meeting produces a large amount of toxic gases, contaminated environment and harm operating personnel's health; The gunpowder detonation also can produce a large amount of particulate matters such as carbon black, remains in the gun tube, strengthens the difficulty of cleaning gun barrel, reduces conventional efficient; There is certain potential safety hazard in gunpowder as a kind of priming system, and the cost of measures such as corresponding storage, management is also higher.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high efficiency, low pollution, stablize the light-gas gun that can carry out low cost applications under the highest 8km/s of surpassing of emission rate and the emission above 8km/s speed.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen, its characteristic part is: comprise one-level air chamber, one-level pump line, secondary air chamber, secondary pump line, three grades of air chambers, transmitting tube; Said one-level air chamber link to each other with the one-level pump line and the two between be provided with quick opening valve; Said one-level pump line links to each other with the secondary air chamber; Said secondary air chamber link to each other with the secondary pump line and the two between be provided with the secondary diaphragm; Said secondary pump line links to each other with three grades of air chambers; Said three grades of air chambers link to each other with transmitting tube and the two between be provided with three grades of diaphragms; Said one-level pump line entrance is provided with first stage piston; Said two stage pump tube inlet section is provided with second piston; Said transmitting tube entrance is provided with bullet; The internal diameter of said one-level pump line is greater than the internal diameter of secondary pump line, and the internal diameter of said secondary pump line is greater than the internal diameter of transmitting tube; Be filled with high pressure nitrogen in the said one-level air chamber; Be filled with hydrogen in said one-level pump line and secondary air chamber, secondary pump line and three grades of air chambers.
Above-mentioned secondary air chamber adopts the straight barrel type structure, and said three grades of air chambers adopt the awl barrel structure of big cone angle.
The awl barrel structure that above-mentioned three grades of air chambers are 60 ° of cone angles.
High pressure nitrogen pressure in the above-mentioned one-level air chamber is not more than 30MPa; Said one-level pump line and secondary air chamber, secondary pump line and three grades of interior Hydrogen Vapor Pressures of air chamber are 0.1MPa ~ 0.6MPa.
Above-mentioned transmitting tube front end is provided with the ring of ablating, and said ablation ring comprises disk, and said disk passes through and is disposed with recessed seam, diaphragm groove, cone tank and male half coupling along the disc centre line; The diameter of said recessed seam is greater than the diaphragm groove; Said cone tank begins diameter from diaphragm groove one end to be dwindled gradually, and the maximum gauge of said cone tank is less than the diameter of diaphragm groove, said male half coupling center drilling; Said male half coupling center-hole diameter equals the cone tank minimum diameter; Said recessed seam and three grades of air chambers are suitable, and said three grades of diaphragm arrangement are in the diaphragm groove, and the suitable and male half coupling center-hole diameter of said male half coupling and transmitting tube equals the transmitting tube internal diameter.
The ratio of the internal diameter of above-mentioned one-level pump line and two stage pump bore is 1.5 ~ 2.5, and the ratio of the internal diameter of said secondary pump line and transmitting tube internal diameter is 3 ~ 5.
The ratio of above-mentioned one-level pump tube length and internal diameter is 200 ~ 250, and the ratio of said two stage pump length of tube and internal diameter is 180 ~ 240, and the ratio of described transmitting tube length and internal diameter is 250 ~ 600.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts compressed nitrogen to substitute gunpowder and makes drive source, has obviously improved the security and the environmental protection quality of the experiment of gas big gun, and can improve gas big gun conventional efficient, helps applying of gas big gun experimental technique.
2, the present invention adopts three grades of type of drive, can improve the energy utilization efficiency of gas big gun, reduces the barrel erosion risk, makes the prerequisite therapeutic method to keep the adverse qi flowing downward big gun of the extremely low damage of big gun body stablize emission rate above 8km/s.
3, the secondary of apparatus of the present invention, three grades of air chambers adopt straight barrel type structure or wide-angle awl barrel structure, can improve energy utilization efficiency.
4, apparatus of the present invention transmitting tube front end adopts the ablation ring that can exsomatize and change, and the big gun body is ablated when avoiding ultra-high rates of fire, and is simple to operation, and reduces the experimental cost of ultra-high rates of fire greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is three grades of light-gas gun structural representations that nitrogen drives;
Fig. 2 is a secondary air chamber structure sketch map;
Fig. 3 is three grades of air chamber structure sketch mapes;
Fig. 4 is an ablation ring structure sketch map;
Fig. 5 is the experimental waveform of laser velocimeter measurement device, is used to calculate velocity of shot.
Wherein Reference numeral is: 1-one-level air chamber; 2-one-level pump line; 3-secondary air chamber; 4-secondary pump line; Three grades of air chambers of 5-; The 6-transmitting tube; The 7-quick opening valve; The 8-first stage piston; 9-secondary diaphragm; The 10-second piston; Three grades of diaphragms of 11-; The 12-ring of ablating; The 13-bullet, 1201-disk, the recessed seam of 1202-, 1203-diaphragm groove, 1204-cone tank, 1205-male half coupling, 1206-male half coupling centre bore.
The specific embodiment
The basic process of three grades of light-gas gun emissions: high pressure nitrogen is stored in one-level air chamber 1; Through the gases at high pressure of quick opening valve 7 abrupt release one-level air chambers 1, drive of high-pressure gas first stage piston 8 moves during emission, and gas to secondary air chambers 3 are to high pressure conditions in the first stage piston 8 compression one-level pump lines 2; Secondary diaphragm 9 breaks under certain pressure; 10 motions of one-level pump line 2 gas-powered second pistons, gas to three grade air chamber 5 is to high pressure conditions in the second piston 10 compression secondary pump lines 4, and three grades of diaphragms 11 break under certain pressure; 4 gas-powered bullet 13 accelerated motions in transmitting tube 6 of secondary pump line, bullet 13 accelerates to target velocity.
The present invention relates to two big critical difficult problems:
(1) problem of driving energy shortage.The upper limit bullet speed of external advanced secondary gas big gun reaches 8 ~ 11km/s; All adopt gunpowder as drive source; And the two-stage light gas gun of external compressed gas-driven seldom has the experimental data above 6km/s; Its main cause is the too late gunpowder of the energy density of high pressure compressed gas, and its driving force also can't be compared with gunpowder.The present invention adopts compressed nitrogen as drive source, need under limited driving energy, pursue extreme energy utilization efficiency, could realize surpassing the superelevation emission rate of 8km/s.
(2) the broken problem of barrel erosion and bullet.Under the higher transmit speed; The gaseous environment that occurs exceedingly odious (high temperature, high pressure) in the gun tube; Make barrel erosion, bullet broken; Cause the emission experiment failure, barrel erosion has also increased the experimental cost of ultra-high rates of fire greatly, and this is the present domestic main cause that except that the present invention, seldom has above the emission experiment data of 7km/s.The present invention will realize stablizing emission rate and surpass 8km/s; And the present invention also can use cheaply under the 8km/s emission rate surpassing; Need improve gaseous environment exceedingly odious in the gun tube, and reduce the barrel erosion risk, reduce the experimental cost of ultra-high rates of fire.
The present invention adopts three grades of type of drive, improves the inter-stage energy utilization efficiency, improves abominable gaseous environment in the big gun body simultaneously, reduces big gun body ablation risk; Secondary, three grades of air chambers adopt straight barrel type structure or auger pyramid barrel structure, have improved energy utilization efficiency; The transmitting tube Front-end Design removable ablation ring, reduce the ablation risk of big gun body own, significantly reduce the experimental cost of ultra-high rates of fire.
The ratio of the internal diameter of one-level pump line and two stage pump bore is 1.5 ~ 2.5, and the ratio of the internal diameter of said secondary pump line and transmitting tube internal diameter is 3 ~ 5.The ratio of one-level pump tube length and internal diameter is 200 ~ 250, and the ratio of two stage pump length of tube and internal diameter is 180 ~ 240, and the ratio of transmitting tube length and internal diameter is 250 ~ 600.
The volume of the one-level air chamber of three grades of gas big guns of the present invention is 0.01m 3, one-level pump line internal diameter is that 57mm, length are 12m, and the two stage pump bore is that 37mm, length are 7.4m, and the transmitting tube internal diameter is that 10mm, length are 4m, adopts the moment venting of quick opening valve control one-level air chamber.
Table 1 is the part emission experiment data of three grades of light-gas guns of 57/37/10mm, and serial experiment adopts cylinder-shaped bullet in the table, and the bullet diameter is 10mm, and material is a Merlon.
Three grades of light-gas gun emission experiment of table 1 57/37/10mm data
Wherein: the emission rate of experiment 2 reaches 8.09km/s.

Claims (7)

1. one kind with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen, it is characterized in that: comprise one-level air chamber, one-level pump line, secondary air chamber, secondary pump line, three grades of air chambers, transmitting tube; Said one-level air chamber link to each other with the one-level pump line and the two between be provided with quick opening valve; Said one-level pump line links to each other with the secondary air chamber; Said secondary air chamber link to each other with the secondary pump line and the two between be provided with the secondary diaphragm; Said secondary pump line links to each other with three grades of air chambers; Said three grades of air chambers link to each other with transmitting tube and the two between be provided with three grades of diaphragms; Said one-level pump line entrance is provided with first stage piston; Said two stage pump tube inlet section is provided with second piston; Said transmitting tube entrance is provided with bullet; The internal diameter of said one-level pump line is greater than the internal diameter of secondary pump line, and the internal diameter of said secondary pump line is greater than the internal diameter of transmitting tube; Be filled with high pressure nitrogen in the said one-level air chamber; Be filled with hydrogen in said one-level pump line and secondary air chamber, secondary pump line and three grades of air chambers.
2. according to claim 1 with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen, it is characterized in that: said secondary air chamber adopts the straight barrel type structure, and said three grades of air chambers adopt the awl barrel structure of big cone angle.
3. according to claim 2 with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen, it is characterized in that: the awl barrel structure that said three grades of air chambers are 60 ° of cone angles.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen, it is characterized in that: the high pressure nitrogen pressure in the said one-level air chamber is not more than 30MPa; Said one-level pump line and secondary air chamber, secondary pump line and three grades of interior Hydrogen Vapor Pressures of air chamber are 0.1MPa ~ 0.6MPa.
5. according to claim 4 with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen; It is characterized in that: said transmitting tube front end is provided with the ring of ablating, and said ablation ring comprises disk, and said disk passes through and is disposed with recessed seam, diaphragm groove, cone tank and male half coupling along the disc centre line; The diameter of said recessed seam is greater than the diaphragm groove; Said cone tank begins diameter from diaphragm groove one end to be dwindled gradually, and the maximum gauge of said cone tank is less than the diameter of diaphragm groove, and said male half coupling center is provided with the male half coupling centre bore; Said male half coupling center-hole diameter equals the cone tank minimum diameter; Said recessed seam and three grades of air chambers are suitable, and said three grades of diaphragm arrangement are in the diaphragm groove, and the suitable and male half coupling center-hole diameter of said male half coupling and transmitting tube equals the transmitting tube internal diameter.
6. according to claim 4 with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen, it is characterized in that: the ratio of the internal diameter of said one-level pump line and two stage pump bore is 1.5 ~ 2.5, and the ratio of the internal diameter of said secondary pump line and transmitting tube internal diameter is 3 ~ 5.
7. according to claim 4 with the gas-powered three grades of light-gas guns of compressed nitrogen; It is characterized in that: the ratio of said one-level pump tube length and internal diameter is 200 ~ 250; The ratio of said two stage pump length of tube and internal diameter is 180 ~ 240, and the ratio of described transmitting tube length and internal diameter is 250 ~ 600.
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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103322857A (en) * 2013-07-04 2013-09-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Small two-stage light-gas gun
CN104654916A (en) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-27 核工业西南物理研究院 Two-stage single-piston high-speed bullet launch system
CN106352736A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-25 西安空间无线电技术研究所 Device for improving gas energy of light gas gun by using microwave
CN106440936A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-02-22 北京理工大学 Piston retreater of light-gas cannon
CN106679500A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-05-17 北京理工大学 Two-stage light gas gun driven through hydrogen energy
CN107091938A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-08-25 德阳鑫晶科技有限公司 The method for being easy to measure hydrogen gas gun speed and frictional force
CN108180784A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-06-19 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 Double reaction gas drive transmitted at high speed system
CN108317896A (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-07-24 大连理工大学 Multi-channel type light-gas gun flow equilibrium control high speed enters water emission system
US10073020B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2018-09-11 Drexel University Modular light gas accelerator
CN112834150A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-25 北京博联马赫科技有限公司 Hybrid drive air gun
CN115218720A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-10-21 北京航天试验技术研究所 Pneumatic double-layer launching tube structure for flying bomb patrol
CN115828640A (en) * 2023-02-08 2023-03-21 北京理工大学 Three-stage light gas gun muzzle speed calculation method based on reaction gas detonation drive
CN115826498A (en) * 2023-02-08 2023-03-21 北京理工大学 Automatic control system for multistage light gas gun and control method thereof
CN116123930A (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-05-16 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Trajectory target based on three-level light air cannon driven by electromagnetic ejection

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CN103322857B (en) * 2013-07-04 2014-12-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Small two-stage light-gas gun
CN103322857A (en) * 2013-07-04 2013-09-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Small two-stage light-gas gun
CN104654916A (en) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-27 核工业西南物理研究院 Two-stage single-piston high-speed bullet launch system
US10073020B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2018-09-11 Drexel University Modular light gas accelerator
CN106352736A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-25 西安空间无线电技术研究所 Device for improving gas energy of light gas gun by using microwave
CN106440936A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-02-22 北京理工大学 Piston retreater of light-gas cannon
CN106679500A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-05-17 北京理工大学 Two-stage light gas gun driven through hydrogen energy
CN106679500B (en) * 2016-11-10 2018-08-17 北京理工大学 A kind of two-stage light gas gun driven with Hydrogen Energy
CN107091938A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-08-25 德阳鑫晶科技有限公司 The method for being easy to measure hydrogen gas gun speed and frictional force
CN108180784B (en) * 2018-01-26 2019-09-10 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 Double reaction gas drive transmitted at high speed system
CN108180784A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-06-19 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 Double reaction gas drive transmitted at high speed system
CN108317896A (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-07-24 大连理工大学 Multi-channel type light-gas gun flow equilibrium control high speed enters water emission system
CN112834150A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-25 北京博联马赫科技有限公司 Hybrid drive air gun
CN112834150B (en) * 2020-12-31 2023-02-28 北京博联马赫科技有限公司 Hybrid drive air gun
CN115218720A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-10-21 北京航天试验技术研究所 Pneumatic double-layer launching tube structure for flying bomb patrol
CN116123930A (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-05-16 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Trajectory target based on three-level light air cannon driven by electromagnetic ejection
CN115828640A (en) * 2023-02-08 2023-03-21 北京理工大学 Three-stage light gas gun muzzle speed calculation method based on reaction gas detonation drive
CN115826498A (en) * 2023-02-08 2023-03-21 北京理工大学 Automatic control system for multistage light gas gun and control method thereof
CN115826498B (en) * 2023-02-08 2023-05-16 北京理工大学 Automatic control system for multistage light gas cannon and control method thereof

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