Large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of machining process, especially large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method.
Background technology
In machining neck, weight is more than 50 tons, and diameter is more than 5 meters, work poor at 0.02 millimeter with interior cylindrical workpiece, adopt existing processing method to exist efficiency low, the problem of difficult quality guarantee, be unfavorable for applying.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method.It is high that this large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method has efficiency, the characteristics of ensuring the quality of products.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: this large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method it utilize large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder machining tool to be processed.Described large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder machining tool comprises knife rest lathe bed and the workpiece lathe bed be located at side by side on ground, workpiece lathe bed one end connects the main spindle box base, be connected with floral disc on the main shaft of main spindle box, be connected with universal joint on floral disc, the other end of universal joint is connected with workpiece to be machined, and the workpiece lathe bed of the workpiece to be machined other end is provided with 2 static-pressure central frames, the knife rest lathe bed is provided with saddle, and upper slide rest is arranged on saddle, is fixed with knife rest on upper slide rest, described static-pressure central frame comprises bearing support, main supporting, left supporting and right supporting, and bearing support is open circular-arc, and main supports vertical is placed in the bearing support center, and left supporting and right supporting are placed in respectively bearing support left and right end, described main supporting comprises main carrying cylinder, static pressure ball bow, hydrostatic support watt, adjusting sleeve, support leading screw, geared sleeve, bevel gear and adjustment thick stick, main carrying cylinder upper surface is spherical concave surface, fluted between two parties, it is intracardiac that main carrying cylinder slip is placed in bearing support, the following of static pressure ball bow is sphere, the above is provided with cylindrical protrusions, the static pressure oil passage that is provided with in static pressure ball bow and communicates below, static pressure ball bow is placed in main carrying cylinder upper surface, hydrostatic support watt upper surface is spherical concave surface, and be provided with the static pressure oil groove, be provided with the static pressure oil passage communicated with the static pressure oil groove in hydrostatic support watt, have with the static pressure ball and bend the groove that top projection matches below hydrostatic support watt, hydrostatic support watt is placed in static pressure ball bow upper end, supporting leading screw is connected in the hole under main carrying cylinder, adjusting sleeve is connected with the support leading screw by screw thread, the geared sleeve lower end is meshed with the adjusting sleeve lower end by tooth, the geared sleeve upper end is meshed with the bevel gear upper end by the umbrella tooth, bevel gear is connected to be adjusted on thick stick, adjusting thick stick is connected on bearing support by bearing, adjust the thick stick outer end and be connected with dial, described left supporting and right supporting include side bearing watt, adjusting pad, adjust cylinder and adjust screw mandrel, side bearing watt outer face is spherical concave surface, spherical concave surface is provided with the static pressure oil groove, be provided with the static pressure oil passage communicated with the static pressure oil groove in side bearing watt, side bearing watt is connected to above adjusting pad, adjusting pad is connected with groove by protruding with adjusting between cylinder, adjust in the cylinder upper end static pressure oil passage be connected with its groove is arranged, adjusting screw mandrel is connected with the adjustment cylinder by screw, adjust the screw mandrel outer end and be connected with dial, adjusting screw mandrel is fixed on bearing support, adjust in screw mandrel be provided with adjust cylinder in the static pressure oil passage that is connected, adjust on the cylinder sidewall and all have on bearing support and the static pressure oil passage be connected in the adjustment screw mandrel, concrete procedure of processing is as follows: 1) static-pressure central frame is connected on the workpiece lathe bed, 2) adjust 2 static-pressure central frame centre-heights, utilize right side square toes bevel gear to adjust static-pressure central frame middle tone the whole series, by adjusting sleeve and the relative motion of supporting leading screw, the height that the static pressure at 2 static-pressure central frame centers is supported watt is adjusted to more approaching position, and deviation is not more than 5mm, 3) workpiece is placed on static-pressure central frame, adjusts workpiece centre, support watt by the oil cylinder pushing static pressure below main support tube, workpiece centre is adjusted to and approached desired value ± 0.05mm place, 4) with universal joint, workpiece and floral disc are flexible coupling, 5) amesdial is propped up respectively near the static-pressure central frame place in the workpiece below, adds oil film, detects oil film thickness, and half finish turning oil film thickness is 0.05mm, and the finish turning oil film thickness is 0.03mm, 6) manually adjust oil film thickness, adjust the hand-hydraulic micro-adjusting mechanism, can accurately adjust oil film thickness 0.01mm at every turn, according to amesdial, show that to adjust the oil film thickness that static pressure supports watt consistent, 7) whether workpiece idle running, more than 4 hours, detects oil film thickness and changes, 8) locking static-pressure central frame master supports, by static-pressure central frame side window manual rotation adjusting sleeve, make the adjusting sleeve bottom surface contact gapless with the center support body, now remove cylinder thrust, utilize to support the high and low position that the leading screw self-locking guarantees that static pressure supports watt constant, the pressure that can effectively prevent hydraulic system changes the impact on the workpiece centre height, can normally cut.
The tail end top of the workpiece lathe bed described in such scheme is established tail and is supported; Described large-tonnage is more than 50 tons, and major diameter is more than 5 meters, and high accuracy is that work is poor in 0.02 millimeter.。
The present invention has following beneficial effect: this large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method is owing to adopting such scheme, utilize bearing capacity large, the high static-pressure central frame holding workpieces of supporting precision, the revolution of workpiece is to drive by universal joint, thereby the elimination lathe is on the impact of processing, improve working (machining) efficiency, ensure the quality of products; In order to prevent the workpiece whipping, can increase the tail supporting simultaneously, ensure the quality of products.
the accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is front view of the present invention;
The top view that Fig. 2 is Fig. 1;
The cutaway view that Fig. 3 is static-pressure central frame.
1-main spindle box in figure, 2-floral disc, 3-universal joint, 4-static-pressure central frame, the 5-tail supports, 6-knife rest lathe bed, 7-saddle, 8-upper slide rest, 9-workpiece lathe bed, the 10-bearing support, 11-adjusts screw mandrel, the left supporting of 12-, the right supporting of 13-, 14-master's carrying cylinder, 15-static pressure ball bow, 16-hydrostatic support watt, the 17-adjusting sleeve, 18-supports leading screw, 19-geared sleeve, 20-bevel gear, 21-adjusts thick stick, 22-side bearing watt, and the 23-adjusting pad, 24-adjusts cylinder.
the specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Shown in accompanying drawing, this large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method it utilize large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder machining tool to be processed, and described large-tonnage is more than 50 tons, and major diameter is more than 5 meters, and high accuracy is that work is poor in 0.02 millimeter.Described large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder machining tool comprises knife rest lathe bed 6 and the workpiece lathe bed 9 be located at side by side on ground, workpiece lathe bed one end connects main spindle box 1 base, be connected with floral disc 2 on the main shaft of main spindle box 1, be connected with universal joint 3 on floral disc 2, the other end of universal joint 3 is connected with workpiece to be machined, the workpiece lathe bed 6 of the workpiece to be machined other end is provided with 2 static-pressure central frames 4, and the tail end top of workpiece lathe bed 9 is established tail and supported 5.Knife rest lathe bed 6 is provided with saddle 7, and upper slide rest 8 is arranged on saddle 7, on upper slide rest 8, is fixed with knife rest.Described static-pressure central frame comprises bearing support 10, main supporting, left supporting 12 and right supporting 13, and bearing support 10 is open circular-arc, and main supports vertical is placed in bearing support 10 centers, and left supporting 12 and right supporting 13 are placed in respectively bearing support 10 left and right ends.Described main supporting comprises main carrying cylinder 14, static pressure ball bow 15, hydrostatic support watts 16, adjusting sleeve 17, support leading screw 18, geared sleeve 19, bevel gear 20 and adjustment thick stick 21, main carrying cylinder 14 upper surfaces are spherical concave surface, fluted between two parties, it is intracardiac that main carrying cylinder 14 slips are placed in bearing support 10, the following of static pressure ball bow 15 is sphere, the above is provided with cylindrical protrusions, the static pressure oil passage that is provided with in static pressure ball bow 15 and communicates below, static pressure ball bow is placed in main carrying cylinder 14 upper surfaces, hydrostatic support watt 16 upper surfaces are spherical concave surface, and be provided with the static pressure oil groove, be provided with the static pressure oil passage communicated with the static pressure oil groove in hydrostatic support watts 16, below hydrostatic support watts 16, have and groove that above static pressure ball bow 15, projections match, hydrostatic support watts 16 is placed in the static pressure ball and bends 15 upper ends, supporting leading screw 18 is connected in the hole under main carrying cylinder 14, adjusting sleeve 17 is connected with support leading screw 18 by screw thread, geared sleeve 19 lower ends are meshed with adjusting sleeve 17 lower ends by tooth, geared sleeve 17 upper ends are meshed with bevel gear 20 upper ends by the umbrella tooth, bevel gear 20 is connected to be adjusted on thick stick 21, adjusting thick stick 21 is connected on bearing support 10 by bearing, adjust thick stick 21 outer ends and be connected with dial.Described left supporting 12 and right supporting 13 include side bearing watts 22, adjusting pad 23, adjust cylinder 24 and adjust screw mandrel 11, side bearing watt 22 outer faces are spherical concave surface, spherical concave surface is provided with the static pressure oil groove, be provided with the static pressure oil passage communicated with the static pressure oil groove in side bearing watts 22, side bearing watts 22 is connected to above adjusting pad 23, adjusting pad 23 is connected with groove by protruding with adjusting between cylinder 24, adjust in cylinder 24 upper ends the static pressure oil passage be connected with its groove is arranged, adjusting screw mandrel 11 is connected with adjustment cylinder 24 by screw, adjust screw mandrel 11 outer ends and be connected with dial, adjusting screw mandrel 11 is fixed on bearing support 10, adjust in screw mandrel 11 be provided with adjust cylinder 24 in the static pressure oil passage that is connected, adjust on cylinder 24 sidewalls and all have on bearing support 10 and the static pressure oil passage be connected in adjustment screw mandrel 11,
Concrete procedure of processing is as follows:
1) static-pressure central frame is connected on the workpiece lathe bed;
2) adjust 2 static-pressure central frame centre-heights, utilize right side square toes bevel gear to adjust static-pressure central frame middle tone the whole series 17, by adjusting sleeve 17 and the relative motion of supporting leading screw 18, the static pressure at 2 static-pressure central frame centers is supported to watts 16 height and be adjusted to more approaching position, deviation is not more than 5mm;
3) workpiece is placed on static-pressure central frame, adjusts workpiece centre, by the oil cylinder pushing static pressure below main support tube 14, support watts 16, workpiece centre is adjusted to and approached desired value ± 0.05mm place;
4) with universal joint 3, workpiece and floral disc 2 are flexible coupling;
5) amesdial is propped up respectively near the static-pressure central frame place in the workpiece below, adds oil film, detects oil film thickness, and half finish turning oil film thickness is 0.05mm, and the finish turning oil film thickness is 0.03mm;
6) manually adjust oil film thickness, adjust the hand-hydraulic micro-adjusting mechanism, can accurately adjust oil film thickness 0.01mm at every turn, according to amesdial, show and adjust static pressure to support watts 16 oil film thickness consistent;
7) whether workpiece idle running, more than 4 hours, detects oil film thickness and changes;
8) locking static-pressure central frame master supports, by static-pressure central frame side window manual rotation adjusting sleeve 17, make adjusting sleeve 17 bottom surfaces contact gapless with the center support body, now remove cylinder thrust, utilize supporting leading screw 18 self-lockings, to guarantee that static pressure support watts 16 high and low position constant, the pressure that can effectively prevent hydraulic system changes the impact on the workpiece centre height, can normally cut.
This large-tonnage large-diameter high-accuracy cylinder processing method mainly will have the chuck card now, the tailstock top, the structure that centre frame is auxiliary, change into and adopt bearing capacity large, static-pressure central frame 4 supportings that the supporting precision is high, by the universal joint 3 driving workpiece that is flexible coupling, eliminate the existing problem because of main spindle box and tailstock Accuracy crudy.
The structure that static-pressure central frame is concrete and method of operating can be referring to CN202015950U.