CN102773246A - Method for solidifying/stabilizing treatment of fly ashes in incineration of medical wastes - Google Patents
Method for solidifying/stabilizing treatment of fly ashes in incineration of medical wastes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for the solidifying/stabilizing treatment of fly ashes in the incineration of medical wastes, which aims at the characteristics of high chlorine content, high sulphur content, high basic oxide content and high calcium-silicon ratio of fly ashes in the incineration of medical wastes so as to provide an economic innocent treatment method with low pollution for fly ashes in the incineration of medical wastes. According to the method, the components of fly ashes in the incineration of medical wastes are firstly measured, humic acid accounting for 10 percent or 20 percent or 30 percent of the fly ashes in the incineration of the wastes is added, and the mixture is kept for 24h or 72h or 240h at room temperature. Then, cement accounting for 10 percent or 20 percent or 30 percent of a reaction product of the fly ashes in the incineration and the humic acid is added, a right amount of deionized water is also added for stirring, and the mixture is placed in a mould for solidifying for 24h. The operation of demoulding is carried out after 24h, and an obtained solidified body is continuously solidified for 3 days or 7 days or 14 days under the same condition. According to the method for the solidifying/stabilizing treatment of the fly ashes in the incineration of the medical wastes, heavy metal in the fly ashes in the incineration of the medical wastes is fixed for the first time by using the humic acid, and the heavy metal in the fly ashes in the incineration of the medical wastes is fixed for the second time by using the cement. Compared with a method of constructing independent treatment equipment for the fly ashes in the incineration of the medical wastes, the expense is lower. The method for the solidifying/stabilizing treatment of the fly ashes in the incineration of the medical wastes has better popularization prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of medical refuse burning flyash harmless treatment, be specifically related to contain the method that the medical refuse burning flyash curing/stabilizing of heavy metal is handled, belong to the hazardous waste processing technology field.
Background technology
Clinical waste is a kind of special pollutant, 2002, and about 650,000 t of the generation total amount of national clinical waste, an average day generation is 1780t.2010, medical institutions' bedspace increased by 5% than 2002, and the clinical waste generation reaches 680,000 t.Though its output only accounts for 3% of MSW, it possibly contain harmful substances such as multiple infectiousness germ, viral chemical pollutant, the sharp device of syringe needle and radioactivity, has great danger.
Incineration technology is a China main flow medical rubbish treatment technology, is destruction of infectious and toxic material, reduces one of effective method of volume and weight.Clinical waste is after burning disposal, and the pathogen in the refuse is utterly destroyed; Through burning, the combustible component in the refuse by pyrolytic after, but general loss of weight 80% hold more than 90% with subtracting, decrement is effective.
Medical refuse burning can produce a certain amount of flying ash, and the characteristics of medical refuse burning flyash are:
(1) high chlorine characteristic: the chlorinity that the chlorinity of medical refuse burning flyash is compared domestic garbage incineration flyash is higher, and villaumite is mostly with NaCl, KCl, CaCl in the domestic garbage incineration flyash
2Exist etc. form, content minimum and peak are respectively 0.88% and 30%, and majority is distributed between the 10-20%, and mean value is 15.41%, and the difference of the character of this main and house refuse, the operating mode of burning and flue gas purifying equipment is relevant.And for medical waste, its plastics class content of material is far above house refuse, and therefore, the content of chlorine is apparently higher than domestic garbage incineration flyash in the medical refuse burning flyash.
(2) high-sulfur characteristic: sulfur content is higher in the medical refuse burning flyash, near 10%.
(3) high alkalinity characteristic: K in the domestic garbage incineration flyash
2O and Na
2O content is approaching, and average content is 6.06% and 5.33%, and medical refuse burning flyash neutral and alkali oxide content is far above domestic garbage incineration flyash, K
2O and Na
2O content is respectively 23% and 3.5%.
(4) high calcium silicon features: the calcium silicon ratio of medical refuse burning flyash is up to 13.8.The method that is applied to the processing of making fly-ash from incineration harmless and stabilization mainly comprises solidification and stabilization, wet chemical treatment and high-temperature process three major types.Solidification and stabilization mainly comprises types such as cement solidification, chelating agent stabilisation, compression curing; Wet chemical treatment mainly comprises and adding in acid extraction and the waste gas and two types of carbonatings; The high-temperature process technology mainly comprises two types of sintering curing and melten glassization.
High temperature melting and hardening method is called the vitrifying method again, and it is to utilize the temperature that is higher than melting point substance to make flying ash reach molten condition, and the stable slag that fused solution cooling back forms can be used as roadbed material or realizes recycling.Its shortcoming is that the cost of handling is higher.
Cement solidification is to form a type petrifact high strength block through in flying dust, adding portland cement, and the hydroxy of high basicity can be transformed into heavy metal low-solubility materials such as hydroxide in the cement, thereby heavy metal is held back.Hydrate colloids such as the calcium silicates that reaction forms, calcium aluminate, sclerosis finally forms crystalline state gradually in time, and heavy metal ion is coated, and forms the final strength that rock-steady structure reaches firming body simultaneously.Cement solidification technical finesse expense is lower, the ripe easy operating of system.Yet the increase-volume of curing/stabilizing product also can reduce cement solidification method relative advantage with low cost than big.
Chemical stabilization is to point in the flying ash to add medicament, is used for the chemical addition agent that the flying ash heavy metal stabilization is handled, and mainly contains two big types of inorganic heavy metal stable pharmaceutical and organic liquid chelatings.Heavy metal and medicament generate the leaching that the indissoluble thing prevents heavy metal.The shortcoming of chemical stabilization is that cost is higher.
Medical refuse burning flies to have certain difference with the character of domestic garbage incineration flyash; Therefore the treatment technology of domestic garbage incineration flyash also not exclusively is applicable to medical refuse burning flyash; Medical refuse burning flyash is because generation is less relatively; Do not cause enough attention as yet, treatment technology is also very deficient targetedly.How properly disposing medical refuse burning flyash, reach the target of polluting control, is the technical barrier that needs to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to be purpose to address the above problem, and than characteristic, and a kind of economy, oligosaprobic medical refuse burning flyash method for innocent treatment is provided to the high chlorine of medical refuse burning flyash, high-sulfur, high alkalinity oxide content and high calcium silicon.
The present invention unites use with chemical method and cemented method; Adopt humic acid as chemical agent; The strong associativity of promptly utilizing humic acid and heavy metal is with heavy metal stabilization; Reduce the dissolubility and the animal migration of heavy metal, remedy the shortcoming that independent use cement can't guarantee long-time stability, use cement simultaneously to strengthen the hardness of humic acid firming body.The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical proposals:
(1) earlier the composition of medical refuse burning flyash is measured, the pH value of medical refuse burning flyash runs into percolate usually more than 12 under this pH value or landfill condition, and heavy metal is easy to stripping.Medical refuse burning flyash is evenly mixed with humic acid according to a certain percentage, at room temperature keep certain hour, utilize the heavy metal in humic acid and the medical refuse burning flyash to generate heavy metal complex;
(2) again medical refuse burning flyash is evenly mixed with certain proportion with Portland cement with the product of humic acid; Adding proper amount of deionized water stirs; Place mould relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h, the demoulding behind the 24h, the firming body that obtains continues to be cured to the needed time under the same conditions; Be 3 days the hardening time of promptly selecting, 7 days and 14 days.
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) utilizes fixedly heavy metal of humic acid, re-use cement solidification and strengthen fixedly heavy metal, make firming body highly stable;
(2) utilize at first fixedly heavy metal of humic acid, can significantly reduce the cement consumption of follow-up cement solidification, make that the volume amplification of firming body is not obvious;
(3) use cement solidification can reduce the leaching concentration of heavy metal in the medical refuse burning flyash solidified cement body well, realize security landfill;
(4) use the once fixing fixing heavy metal in the medical refuse burning flyash of the heavy metal in the medical refuse burning flyash, cement solidification secondary of humic acid, compare with the independent medical refuse burning flyash treatment facility of construction, expense is lower;
(5) use cement solidification can bioxin be encapsulated in the solidified cement body.
The specific embodiment
The method of medical refuse burning flyash harmlessness disposing of the present invention is earlier the composition of medical refuse burning flyash to be measured, and medical refuse burning flyash is evenly mixed with humic acid according to a certain percentage; The adding proportion of humic acid is respectively 10%; 20%, 30% (quality percentage composition) keeps 24h under the room temperature; 72h, 240h.
Medical refuse burning flyash is evenly mixed with Portland cement with the product of humic acid according to a certain percentage; Portland cement is 10%, 20%, 30% of medical refuse burning flyash and a humic acid reaction product quality; Adding proper amount of deionized water stirs; Place mould relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h, the demoulding behind the 24h, the firming body that obtains continues to be cured to the needed time under the same conditions; Be 3 days the hardening time of promptly selecting, 7 days and 14 days.
Through specific embodiment method of the present invention is described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Test method described in the following instance like no specified otherwise, is conventional method; Said equipment and material like no specified otherwise, all can obtain from commercial production or commercial sources;
Embodiment 1
Medical refuse burning flyash is dried 24h down at 105 ℃; The medical refuse burning flyash after the oven dry evenly add 10% (quality percentage composition) humic acid (commercial humic acid, humic acid content>90%, ignition residue < 5%; Moisture content 8%), keep 72h under the room temperature.According to certain mixed, cement shared ratio in mixture is respectively 10% (quality percentage composition) with product and normal portland cement, and the cement that uses in the test is that specification is the normal portland cement (Ordinary Portland Cement) of 425 labels; After mixing; Add proper amount of deionized water and stir, pour into then in the mould of Φ 20mm * 30mm, relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h; The demoulding behind the 24h; The firming body that obtains continues to be cured to the needed time under the same conditions, and be 3 days the hardening time of promptly selecting, 7 days and 14 days.
Adopt national standard HJ/T299-2007 toxicity to leach program test to firming body, 3 parallel appearance are adopted in test, and test result is got the mean value of 3 parallel appearance.
Table 1 is the chemical composition of medical refuse burning flyash; Table 2 is the chemical composition of normal portland cement; Table 3 is the content of beary metal of medical refuse burning flyash; Table 4 is the heavy metal leaching characteristic of medical refuse burning flyash, and table 5 is for after medical refuse burning flyash adopts the humic acid fixing-stableization, adopts cement to carry out heavy metal leaching characteristic behind the secondary fixing/stabilising again.
The chemical composition of table 1 medical refuse burning flyash (wt.%)
The chemical composition of table 2 normal portland cement (wt%)
The content of beary metal of table 3 medical refuse burning flyash (wt.%)
Table 4 medical refuse burning flyash heavy metal leaching characteristic (μ g/L)
Heavy metal leaching characteristic (μ g/L) behind the table 5 medical refuse burning flyash secondary fixing/stabilising
Embodiment 2
The chemical composition of medical refuse burning flyash and content of beary metal and heavy metal leaching characteristic are with embodiment 1; The normal portland cement chemical composition is with embodiment 1; Medical refuse burning flyash is dried 24h down at 105 ℃; The even humic acid (commercial humic acid) that adds 20% (quality percentage composition) of the medical refuse burning flyash after the oven dry, keep 240h under the room temperature.According to certain mixed, cement shared ratio in mixture is 20% (quality percentage composition), after mixture mixes with product and normal portland cement; Add proper amount of deionized water and stir, pour into then in the mould of Φ 20mm * 30mm, relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h; The demoulding behind the 24h; The firming body that obtains continues to be cured to the needed time under the same conditions, and be 3 days the hardening time of promptly selecting, 7 days and 14 days.
Adopt national standard HJ/T299-2007 toxicity to leach program test to firming body, 3 parallel appearance are adopted in test, and test result is got the mean value of 3 parallel appearance, and test result is seen table 6.
Heavy metal leaching characteristic (μ g/L) behind the table 6 medical refuse burning flyash secondary fixing/stabilising
Embodiment 3
The chemical composition of medical refuse burning flyash and content of beary metal and heavy metal leaching characteristic are with embodiment 1; The normal portland cement chemical composition is with embodiment 1; Medical refuse burning flyash is dried 24h down at 105 ℃; The even humic acid (commercial humic acid) that adds 30% (quality percentage composition) of the medical refuse burning flyash after the oven dry, keep 240h under the room temperature.According to certain mixed, cement shared ratio in mixture is 30% (quality percentage composition), after mixture mixes with product and normal portland cement; Add proper amount of deionized water and stir, pour into then in the mould of Φ 20mm * 30mm, relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h; The demoulding behind the 24h; The firming body that obtains continues to be cured to the needed time under the same conditions, and be 3 days the hardening time of promptly selecting, 7 days and 14 days.
Adopt national standard HJ/T299-2007 toxicity to leach program test to firming body, 3 parallel appearance are adopted in test, and test result is got the mean value of 3 parallel appearance, and test result is seen table 7.
Heavy metal leaching characteristic (μ g/L) behind the table 7 medical refuse burning flyash secondary fixing/stabilising
Claims (6)
1. the method handled of a medical refuse burning flyash curing/stabilizing, this method is earlier the composition of medical refuse burning flyash to be measured, and medical refuse burning flyash and humic acid are prepared according to mass percent; Wherein the adding proportion of humic acid is respectively 10%, 20%, and 30%; Keep 24h or 72h or 240h under the room temperature, then cement is accounted for 10% or 20% or 30% of medical refuse burning flyash and humic acid reaction product quality, add proper amount of deionized water and stir; Place mould relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h; The demoulding behind the 24h, the firming body that obtains continued to solidify 3 days or 7 days or 14 days under the same conditions, adopted national standard HJ/T299-2007 toxicity to leach program test to firming body; 3 parallel appearance are adopted in test, and test result is got the mean value of 3 parallel appearance.
2. the method that medical refuse burning flyash curing/stabilizing as claimed in claim 1 is handled, this method realizes through following concrete steps:
Earlier medical refuse burning flyash is dried 24h down at 105 ℃, add 10% humic acid to the medical refuse burning flyash after the oven dry by mass percentage, keep 72h under the room temperature; After with product and cement mixing; Cement shared ratio in mixture is 10%, after mixing, adds proper amount of deionized water and stirs; Pour in the mould then; Relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h, the demoulding behind the 24h, the firming body that obtains continues to be cured to 3 days needed time or 7 days or 14 days under the same conditions.
3. the method that medical refuse burning flyash curing/stabilizing as claimed in claim 1 is handled, this method realizes through following concrete steps:
Earlier medical refuse burning flyash is dried 24h down at 105 ℃, add 20% humic acid to the medical refuse burning flyash after the oven dry by mass percentage, keep 240h under the room temperature; With product and cement mixing; Cement shared mass percent in mixture is 20%, after mixture mixes, adds proper amount of deionized water and stirs; Pour in the mould then; Relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h, the demoulding behind the 24h, the firming body that obtains continues to be cured to 3 days needed time or 7 days or 14 days under the same conditions.
4. the method that medical refuse burning flyash curing/stabilizing as claimed in claim 1 is handled, this method realizes through following concrete steps:
Earlier medical refuse burning flyash is dried 24h down at 105 ℃, add 30% humic acid to the medical refuse burning flyash after the oven dry by mass percentage, keep 240h under the room temperature; With product and cement mixing; Cement shared mass percent in mixture is 30%, after mixture mixes, adds proper amount of deionized water and stirs; Pour in the mould then; Relative humidity greater than 90% with room temperature under solidify 24h, the demoulding behind the 24h, the firming body that obtains continues to be cured to 3 days needed time or 7 days or 14 days under the same conditions.
5. like the method for claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described medical refuse burning flyash curing/stabilizings processing, the cement that is adopted in this method is that specification is the normal portland cement of 425 labels.
6. like the method for claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described medical refuse burning flyash curing/stabilizings processing, the die size that is adopted in this method is Φ 20mm * 30mm.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105623286A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-01 | 重庆三峰环境产业集团有限公司 | Method for wrapping MSWI (unicipal solid waste incineration) fly ash with high polymer material and clean application of MSWI fly ash in pavement |
| CN112169245A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-05 | 湖南工业大学 | Chelating agent for treating medical waste incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof |
| CN116000069A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-04-25 | 一夫科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for processing waste resources |
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| CN105623286B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-11-07 | 重庆三峰环境产业集团有限公司 | The method and its clean applications in road surface of macromolecule resin material encapsulating domestic garbage incineration flyash |
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| CN116000069B (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-11-17 | 一夫科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for processing waste resources |
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Effective date of registration: 20190118 Address after: Room 587, Building A, 606 Ningliu Road, Changlu Street, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Patentee after: Nanjing Xijie Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 110136 No. 37 Daoyi South Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee before: Shenyang Aerospace University |