CN102761300B - Winding Preheating and Starting Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor - Google Patents

Winding Preheating and Starting Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Download PDF

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CN102761300B
CN102761300B CN2012100387250A CN201210038725A CN102761300B CN 102761300 B CN102761300 B CN 102761300B CN 2012100387250 A CN2012100387250 A CN 2012100387250A CN 201210038725 A CN201210038725 A CN 201210038725A CN 102761300 B CN102761300 B CN 102761300B
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winding
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frequency converter
rotor
preheating
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陈洪涛
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Gree Green Refrigeration Technology Center Co Ltd of Zhuhai
Gree Luoyang Electric Appliances Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a winding preheating and starting method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein the motor comprises a stator three-phase winding, a rotor and a frequency converter, and the winding preheating method comprises the following steps: (1) the direction of a synthetic magnetic field F of the three-phase winding of the stator is unchanged through the frequency converter, and the rotor is dragged to rotate through the output torque of the frequency converter, so that the direction of the magnetic field of the rotor is parallel to the direction of the synthetic magnetic field F of the three-phase winding of the stator, and the rotor is positioned; (2) and after the rotor is positioned, the frequency converter outputs current to preheat the three-phase winding of the stator. The method for preheating the permanent magnet synchronous motor winding realizes the positioning preheating of the motor winding in a low-temperature environment on the premise of not increasing an external auxiliary preheating device so as to ensure that the motor is started at a proper winding temperature, reduce the probability of the starting failure of the motor, eliminate the overshoot current during the starting, better protect the motor, improve the reliability of the motor and prolong the service life.

Description

Winding preheating and the starting method thereof of permagnetic synchronous motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor, especially a kind of winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor, and the starting method of permagnetic synchronous motor.
Background technology
At present, the air-conditioning heat dissipation blower fan that has and the motor of compressor are the position-sensor-free permagnetic synchronous motor, after long-term placement of position-sensor-free permagnetic synchronous motor (subzero 20 ℃) under the winter low temperature environment, machine winding coil is in the sharp freezing state, and changing appears in winding parameter.Because before the electric motor starting, rotor-position is unknown, need to estimate rotor-position according to its winding parameter, if winding parameter occur to change and rotor-position not fixedly the time, if the rear by force starter motor of start, can't detect easily rotor-position, cause occurring starting unsuccessfully, even damage motor.
The pre-thermal recovery of winding is added auxiliary pre-heating apparatus to prior art or but attemperator is kept winding temperature in the start-up temperature scope, adding auxiliary pre-heating apparatus increases cost and the volume of motor, uncontrollable to the preheating of winding simultaneously, affect the reliable startup of motor.
Adopt winding from the motor of preheating device, in the winding warm, shake appears in rotor, and the preheating that damages motor and winding is inhomogeneous.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is; the method of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor winding preheating is provided; it is under the prerequisite that does not increase outside auxiliary pre-heating apparatus; guarantee that under low temperature environment motor three phase winding preheatings are even, prevent rotor effect of jitter motor when the winding preheating, motor is started under suitable winding temperature; improve the reliability of rotor location; and then the reliability of raising electric motor starting, protect better motor, prolong its useful life.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is; a kind of starting method of permagnetic synchronous motor is provided; it is under the prerequisite that does not increase outside auxiliary pre-heating apparatus; guarantee that under low temperature environment motor three phase winding preheatings are even, prevent rotor effect of jitter motor when the winding preheating, motor is started under suitable winding temperature; improve the reliability of rotor location; and then the reliability of raising electric motor starting, protect better motor, prolong its useful life.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned first technical problem employing is: the method for a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor winding preheating, and described motor comprises three-phase stator winding, rotor and frequency converter, described method comprises the steps:
(1) make the resultant magnetic field F1 direction of described three-phase stator winding constant by described frequency converter, dragging described rotor by described frequency converter output torque again rotates, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F1 direction of described three-phase stator winding, thereby make described rotor location;
(2) after described rotor was located, described frequency converter output DC stream carried out the preheating first time to described three-phase stator winding;
(3) make described three-phase stator winding resultant magnetic field F2 direction rotate 120 ° on F1 direction basis, the resultant magnetic field of described three-phase stator winding by described frequency converter, dragging described rotor by described frequency converter output torque again rotates, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F2 direction of described three-phase stator winding, behind the described rotor location, described frequency converter output DC stream carries out the preheating second time to described three-phase stator winding;
(4) make described three-phase stator winding resultant magnetic field F3 direction 120 ° of rotating in same directions on F2 direction basis, the resultant magnetic field of three-phase stator winding by described frequency converter, dragging described rotor by described frequency converter output torque again rotates, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F3 direction of described three-phase stator winding, behind the described rotor location, described frequency converter output DC stream carries out for the third time preheating to described three-phase stator winding.
Preferably, in the described step (1), the size of the torque of described frequency converter output becomes greatly more first and diminishes.
Preferably, in the described step (1), the torque of described frequency converter output is half-sinusoid and changes.
Preferably, in to the three-phase stator winding warm, the direction of the resultant magnetic field of described three-phase stator winding is constant.
Preferably, described three-phase stator winding comprises first-phase winding, second-phase winding and third phase winding, in the described step (2), wherein the DC current values in the first-phase winding is the DC current values sum in second-phase winding and the third phase winding, and the direct current equal and opposite in direction in second-phase winding and the third phase winding.
Preferably, described three-phase stator winding comprises first-phase winding, second-phase winding and third phase winding, in the described step (3), wherein the DC current values in the second-phase winding is the DC current values sum in first-phase winding and the third phase winding, and the direct current equal and opposite in direction in first-phase winding and the third phase winding.
Preferably, described three-phase stator winding comprises first-phase winding, second-phase winding and third phase winding, in the described step (4), wherein the DC current values in the third phase winding is the DC current values sum in first-phase winding and the second-phase winding, and the direct current equal and opposite in direction in first-phase winding and the second-phase winding.
Preferably, equate to the warm-up time of winding in step (2), step (3) and the step (4).
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned second technical problem employing is: a kind of starting method of permagnetic synchronous motor, and the above-mentioned winding pre-heating mean that adopts before startup of described permagnetic synchronous motor carries out preheating to winding, and preheating T started after second.
As everyone knows, the three-phase stator winding of permagnetic synchronous motor spatially differs 120 °, when three-phase stator winding input three-phase symmetrical electric current, will produce resultant magnetic field F(as shown in Figure 1 in the threephase stator winding).Along with the variation of time, also in rotation, in one cycle of electric current alternation, resultant magnetic field F's resultant magnetic field F also rotates a circle, and in the process of rotation, synthetic magnetic flux density is constant.Because the rotor of permagnetic synchronous motor is permanent magnet, the interaction of rotor field and stator rotating magnetic field, make rotor along with the stator rotating magnetic field with identical speed synchronous rotary, thereby control the running of permagnetic synchronous motor.
As from the foregoing, can by the electric current in the Frequency Converter Control three-phase stator winding, make resultant magnetic field F direction constant (rotating speed that is to say rotating magnetic field is zero).Because resultant magnetic field F direction remains unchanged, can export torque by frequency converter, drag and turn
Son forwards the resultant magnetic field direction to, make magnetic field F direction parallel with the rotor field direction (as shown in Figure 2), at this moment, because the electric current of frequency converter output is fixed, the resultant magnetic field direction is parallel with the rotor field direction, the rotor Moment is zero, so rotor can not rotate yet, thereby can avoid rotor to occur repeatedly rotation in the process of winding preheating.Then, pass through again the frequency converter output current to the three-phase stator winding preheating.
This shows; the method of permagnetic synchronous motor winding provided by the present invention preheating; under the prerequisite that does not increase outside auxiliary pre-heating apparatus; be implemented under the low temperature environment motor winding is positioned preheating; prevent the repeatedly rotation of rotor when the winding preheating; so that the preheating of three phase windings is more even; guarantee that motor starts under suitable winding temperature; reduced the probability of electric motor starting failure; eliminate the overshoot current when starting; can protect better motor, improve its reliability, increase the service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the relation of permagnetic synchronous motor ABC coordinate system and rotor;
Fig. 2 is that the resultant magnetic field F direction of three-phase stator winding is parallel with the rotor field direction;
Fig. 3 is the winding warm of single cycle of method of permagnetic synchronous motor winding of the present invention preheating;
Fig. 4 is the method three phase winding preheating overall processes of permagnetic synchronous motor winding of the present invention preheating;
Fig. 5 is circuit for controlling motor figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated:
The method of permagnetic synchronous motor winding provided by the present invention preheating under the prerequisite that does not increase outside auxiliary pre-heating apparatus, can be implemented under the low temperature environment winding that includes but not limited to frequency-changeable compressor and frequency conversion fan is positioned even preheating.The preheating overall process is divided into rotor location and winding preheating two parts, in order to reach the effect of even preheating, present embodiment carries out 3 location and 3 preheatings to rotor, therefore, specifying resultant magnetic field F direction is 3 also, is respectively F1 direction, F2 direction and F3 direction, with counterclockwise for just, resultant magnetic field F1 direction is 0 °, and resultant magnetic field F2 direction is 120 °, and resultant magnetic field F3 direction is 240 °.When the electric current of the first-phase winding of flowing through equals second-phase winding current and third phase winding current sum, at this moment, the direction of definition resultant magnetic field is 0 °, when the electric current of the second-phase winding of flowing through equals to flow through the electric current sum of first-phase winding and third phase winding, the direction of orientating the resultant magnetic field as is 120 °, when the electric current of the third phase winding of flowing through equaled to flow through first-phase winding current and second-phase electric current sum, the direction of definition resultant magnetic field was 240 °.Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the method concrete steps of the permagnetic synchronous motor winding preheating of present embodiment are as follows:
One, for the first time rotor location and for the first time winding preheating
(1) rotor is located for the first time: make the resultant magnetic field F1 direction of three-phase stator winding constant by frequency converter, dragging described rotor by frequency converter output torque again rotates, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F1 direction of described three-phase stator winding, thereby described rotor is located for the first time.Preferably, the big or small change gradually first of the torque of described frequency converter output diminishes greatly more gradually.Further, the torque of described frequency converter output is the half-sinusoid variation.The torque that drags the rotor rotation among the present invention has multiple implementation, adopt the advantage of sinusoidal variations to be: the output torque size of rotor location is pressed half-sinusoid and is changed, and slowly increases first, slowly reduces again, gently moment output, motor can not produce unexpected jitter phenomenon in the position fixing process.
(2) for the first time winding preheating: after rotor was located for the first time, the frequency converter output current made the three-phase stator winding preheating.Preferably, during preheating, the electric current of frequency converter output is preferably direct current, and size and the time of direct current are determined by winding temperature rise.Further preferred, in the warm, the resultant magnetic field F's of described three-phase stator winding is big or small constant, thereby makes the electric current that flows through three-phase stator winding only produce heat and not produce torque at winding.In the present embodiment, content of the present invention for convenience of explanation, take the U phase winding as the first-phase winding, the V phase winding is the second-phase winding, the W phase winding is the third phase winding; Electric current in the U phase winding is the electric current sum in V phase winding and the W winding, and the equal and opposite in direction direction of the electric current in V phase winding and the W phase winding is identical.According to the control circuit figure (as shown in Figure 5) of motor, during preheating, control chip output PWM(pulse-width modulation) signal, open IGBT that IPM module U goes up brachium pontis mutually and V mutually, W descends the IGBT of brachium pontis, i.e. three IGBT conductings of a among Fig. 5, b ' and c ' mutually.The electric current that flow through motor U phase winding this moment equals the electric current sum (IU=IV+IW) of V phase and W phase winding, equates (IV=IW) and flow through the V phase with W electric current mutually.Because the signal sustainable existence of control, the size and Orientation that flows through the electric current of winding is constant, realizes the winding preheating by direct current at the heat that winding produces.
After having finished for the first time rotor location and for the first time winding preheating by step (2), be V phase winding and W phase winding 2 times owing to flow through the electric current of U phase winding, so its temperature want high a lot.
Two, for the second time rotor location and for the second time winding preheating
(3) rotor is located for the second time: make the resultant magnetic field F1 direction of three-phase stator winding rotate in the counterclockwise direction 120 degree (being resultant magnetic field F2 direction) by frequency converter, drag rotor by the torque of frequency converter output half-sinusoid again, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F2 direction of described three-phase stator winding, rotor is located for the second time;
(4) for the second time winding preheating: after rotor was located for the second time, frequency converter output DC stream made the three-phase stator winding preheating.In the present embodiment, control chip output PWM(pulse-width modulation) signal, open IGBT that IPM module V goes up brachium pontis mutually and U mutually, W descends the IGBT of brachium pontis, i.e. three IGBT conductings of b among Fig. 5, a ' and c ' mutually.The electric current that flow through motor V phase winding this moment equals the electric current sum (IV=IU+IW) of U phase and W phase winding, equates (IU=IW) and flow through the U phase with W electric current mutually.
After having finished for the second time rotor location and for the second time winding preheating by step (4), be U phase winding and W phase winding 2 times owing to flow through the electric current of V phase winding, this moment, U phase and V phase winding temperature were almost equal, and high more a lot of than W phase winding temperature.
Three, for the third time rotor location and for the third time winding preheating
(5) rotor is located for the third time: make the resultant magnetic field F2 direction of three-phase stator winding rotate in the counterclockwise direction 120 degree (being resultant magnetic field F3 direction) by frequency converter, export sinusoidal torque by frequency converter again and drag rotor, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F3 direction of described three-phase stator winding, rotor is located for the third time;
(6) for the third time winding preheating: after rotor was located for the third time, frequency converter output DC stream made the three-phase stator winding preheating.In the present embodiment, control chip output PWM(pulse-width modulation) signal, open IGBT that IPM module W goes up brachium pontis mutually and U mutually, V descends the IGBT of brachium pontis, i.e. three IGBT conductings of c among Fig. 5, a ' and b ' mutually.The electric current that flow through motor W phase winding this moment equals the electric current sum (IW=IU+IV) of U phase and V phase winding, equates (IU=IW) and flow through the U phase with V electric current mutually.
After 3 times of said process location and 3 winding preheatings, the winding temperature rise effect as shown in Table 1:
Table one:
Figure 268017DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As can be seen from Table I, finished for the third time rotor location and for the third time winding preheating by step (6) after, realized the even preheating of three phase winding UVW.
This shows; the method of the permagnetic synchronous motor winding preheating of present embodiment under the prerequisite that does not increase outside auxiliary pre-heating apparatus, is implemented under the low temperature environment motor winding is positioned preheating; prevent the repeatedly rotation of rotor when the winding preheating; so that the preheating of three phase windings is more even, guarantee that motor starts under suitable winding temperature, reduced the probability of electric motor starting failure; eliminate the overshoot current when starting; can protect better motor, improve its reliability, increase the service life.
Be specific embodiments of the invention only below, do not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; Any replacement and the improvement done on the basis of not violating the present invention's design all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the winding pre-heating mean of a permagnetic synchronous motor, described motor comprises three-phase stator winding, rotor and frequency converter, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
(1) make the resultant magnetic field F1 direction of described three-phase stator winding constant by described frequency converter, dragging described rotor by described frequency converter output torque again rotates, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F1 direction of described three-phase stator winding, thereby make described rotor location;
(2) after described rotor was located, described frequency converter output DC stream carried out the preheating first time to described three-phase stator winding;
(3) make described three-phase stator winding resultant magnetic field F2 direction rotate 120 ° on F1 direction basis, the resultant magnetic field of described three-phase stator winding by described frequency converter, dragging described rotor by described frequency converter output torque again rotates, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F2 direction of described three-phase stator winding, behind the described rotor location, described frequency converter output DC stream carries out the preheating second time to described three-phase stator winding;
(4) make described three-phase stator winding resultant magnetic field F3 direction 120 ° of rotating in same directions on F2 direction basis, described three-phase stator winding resultant magnetic field by described frequency converter, dragging described rotor by described frequency converter output torque again rotates, make the magnetic direction of described rotor parallel with the resultant magnetic field F3 direction of described three-phase stator winding, behind the described rotor location, described frequency converter output DC stream carries out for the third time preheating to described three-phase stator winding.
2. the winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (1), the size of the torque of described frequency converter output becomes greatly more first and diminishes.
3. the winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (1), the torque of described frequency converter output is half-sinusoid and changes.
4. the winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in to the three-phase stator winding warm, the direction of the resultant magnetic field of described three-phase stator winding is constant.
5. the winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three-phase stator winding comprises first-phase winding, second-phase winding and third phase winding, in the described step (2), wherein the DC current values in the first-phase winding is the DC current values sum in second-phase winding and the third phase winding, and the direct current equal and opposite in direction in second-phase winding and the third phase winding.
6. the winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three-phase stator winding comprises first-phase winding, second-phase winding and third phase winding, in the described step (3), wherein the DC current values in the second-phase winding is the DC current values sum in first-phase winding and the third phase winding, and the direct current equal and opposite in direction in first-phase winding and the third phase winding.
7. the winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three-phase stator winding comprises first-phase winding, second-phase winding and third phase winding, in the described step (4), wherein the DC current values in the third phase winding is the DC current values sum in first-phase winding and the second-phase winding, and the direct current equal and opposite in direction in first-phase winding and the second-phase winding.
8. the winding pre-heating mean of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, equate to the warm-up time of winding in step (2), step (3) and the step (4).
9. the starting method of a permagnetic synchronous motor is characterized in that, described permagnetic synchronous motor adopts each described winding pre-heating mean of claim 1 to 8 that winding is carried out preheating before startup, and preheating T started after second.
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Patentee before: Gree Electrical Appliances (Luoyang) Co.,Ltd.