CN102759439B - Interface generation device for shock tube experimental study - Google Patents
Interface generation device for shock tube experimental study Download PDFInfo
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- CN102759439B CN102759439B CN201210213439.3A CN201210213439A CN102759439B CN 102759439 B CN102759439 B CN 102759439B CN 201210213439 A CN201210213439 A CN 201210213439A CN 102759439 B CN102759439 B CN 102759439B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interface generation device for a liquid film required by a shock tube generation experiment. The interface generation device comprises a top fixed plate, a bottom fixed plate, a movable plate and interface attachment lines, wherein the top fixed plate and the bottom fixed plate are parallel to each other at a fixed distance and used for fixing the entire device, the movable plate is arranged between the top fixed plate and the bottom fixed plate, the lower surface of the top fixed plate and the upper surface of the movable plate are respectively provided with a slot, the two slots are correspondent in position in a vertical direction and symmetrical in shape relative to a horizontal plane, and are used for fixing the interface attachment lines, the interface attachment lines are used for attaching the liquid film, and the movable plate is used for making the two interface attachment lines contact or separate mutually. The entire interface generation device disclosed by the invention is simple and reasonable in structure and convenient to install, and thus, the experimental efficiency can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrodynamics technology field, be specifically related to a kind of interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research.
Background technology
When the interface between the LAYER FLUID of different in kind is subject to shock wave percussive action, the disturbance meeting on interface constantly increases, and forms Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability.The research of this phenomenon has important engineering application and research value, relates to many research fields such as inertial confinement fusion, sophisticated weapons, airspace engine, astrophysics, turbulent flow.Carrying out shock tube experiment is the instable important method of research RM, and wherein interface creating method is all one of gordian technique affecting experimental precision all the time.At present, the interface of discontinuity surface type adopts nitrocellulose film method to form conventionally, first the method is sprinkled upon the water surface by nitrocellulose solution, after treating the organic solvent volatilization in solution, on the water surface, just can form thin film, after film being taken out and dried with mould, film just can remain the shape of mould and can be further used for experimental study.Nitrocellulose membrane has reached the history of 30 years (referring to Meshkov EE (1969) so far for the research of RM instability at first, Instability of the interface of two gases accelerated by a shock wave, Fluid Dyn 4:101-404), integral body raising along with experimental technique, this interface creating method also shows some shortcomings, the method complex operation for example, required optional equipment is many, and obtain solution, the processes such as oven dry cause experimental period longer.The problem should be noted that is that after nitrocellulose membrane has experienced shock wave impact, formed solid film fragment can be followed flow field and be moved together, the energy in flow field, absorption interface both sides, and stream field develops and exerts an influence late period, reduces experimental precision.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research, solve the problem that in current RM instability experimental study, gas interface generation method exists, as loaded down with trivial details in experimentation, stream field evolution interference in late period is larger etc.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of interface generating apparatus, for generating the required fluid film of shock tube experiment, comprise top fixed head, bottom fixed board, portable plate and interface attached wire, wherein said top fixed head and bottom fixed board are parallel to each other and distance is fixed, for fixing whole device, described portable plate is arranged between described top fixed head and described bottom fixed board, and parallel with described bottom fixed board with described top fixed head; On the lower surface of described top fixed head and the upper surface of portable plate, be respectively provided with a groove, the position in the vertical direction of described two grooves is mutually corresponding, its shape is symmetrical about surface level, for fixing described interface attached wire, described interface attached wire is used for adhering to described fluid film, and described portable plate is in contact with one another for the fixing interface attached wire of described groove that makes the lower surface of top fixed head and the upper surface of portable plate or is separated.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, on the fixed head of described top, offer filling orifice, on the center line that is centered close to described groove of described filling orifice, for the groove on the lower surface of this top fixed head is communicated with the upper space of this top fixed head, to inject the liquid that forms described fluid film in described groove.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the width of described top fixed head and described portable plate middle slot is greater than the width of described interface attached wire, and the degree of depth of described groove is greater than the height of described interface attached wire.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the shape of the center line of described groove is identical with the shape of described interface attached wire.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower surface of described portable plate is fixedly connected with a sliding bar, make described portable plate can be under the drive of described sliding bar axially sliding along described sliding bar.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower surface of described portable plate offers the counterbore corresponding with described sliding bar, by described counterbore, this sliding bar is fixed on to portable plate.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, has through hole described bottom fixed board with corresponding position described sliding bar, so that sliding bar can axially be free to slide along it through described through hole.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the position of the below that is positioned at described bottom fixed board of described sliding bar is connected with locking device, and this locking device can be locked described sliding bar with respect to described bottom fixed board.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, described interface generating apparatus is installed in the rectangular window of a shock tube experiment section, and described top fixed head and described bottom fixed board are arranged in one end that first the rectangular window shock wave of shock tube experiment section reaches.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid that forms described fluid film is suds.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:
1, interface of the present invention generating apparatus is simple in structure, arrange rationally, and easy for installation, therefore can improve conventional efficient.
2, the present invention utilizes the shape of fluid film to depend on the characteristic on its border, by changing the type on fluid film border, get final product the shape of regulator solution body thin film, mathematical modeling is convenient at formed interface, for the instable theoretical research of associated fluid mechanics and numerical simulation work provide new thinking and experimental data support.
3, the present invention utilizes the drop stream field that fluid film forms under shock wave percussive action to disturb little characteristic, use it for RM instability experimental study, the gas interface that can either guarantee discontinuity surface type forms, and has reduced again the energy loss in flow field in experimentation, is beneficial to raising experimental precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention is at the installation site of shock tube schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of second embodiment of the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the 3rd embodiment of the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the 4th embodiment of the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the 5th embodiment of the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the interface generating apparatus for shock tube experiment research of the present invention comprises top fixed head 1, portable plate 2, bottom fixed board 3, interface attached wire 6, sliding bar 4 and locking device 7.
Top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 are parallel to each other, for fixing whole device.Distance between top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 is fixed, its spacing is the depth of section of shock tube experiment section 8, be shaped as rectangle, width is at least less than half of length of the rectangular window of shock tube experiment section 8, and length is at least greater than the width of the rectangular window of shock tube experiment section 8.In the present embodiment, the material of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 is preferably transparent material, organic glass for example, and its spacing is 20mm, and width is 55.5mm, and length is 151mm.In addition, the partial structurtes of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 and size can be adjusted according to the concrete structure of shock tube and size, to adapt to the needs of different actual conditions.
Portable plate 2 is arranged between top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3, and in parallel.On the upper surface of the lower surface of top fixed head 1 and portable plate 2, be respectively provided with a groove, the position in the vertical direction of two grooves is corresponding, and shape is symmetrical about surface level, and described two grooves are all for immobile interface attached wire 6.The width of top fixed head 1 and portable plate 2 middle slots is at least greater than the width of interface attached wire 6, its difference is preferably 0.5～2mm, for example it is 1～4mm, the degree of depth of groove is at least greater than the height of interface attached wire 6 in groove, its difference is preferably 1～5mm, and the length of groove is at least greater than the length of cross section attached wire 6, and its difference is preferably 0.1～1mm, the centre line shape of groove is identical with the shape of interface attached wire, can be straight line, sinusoidal, circle, ellipse, square or triangle etc.
Interface attached wire 6 is for making the required fluid film of shock tube experiment be attached to the border of known form.Be a kind of soap film attached wire in the present embodiment, it makes the shape on soap film border identical with the shape of interface attached wire 6 for making soap film be attached to interface attached wire 6.But the present invention is not limited to this, interface attached wire 6 also can be for adhering to the fluid film of other composition.By bonding way, a side of an interface attached wire 6 is fixed on the sidewall of groove of lower surface of top fixed head 1, the corresponding side of another root interface attached wire 6 is fixed on the corresponding sidewall of groove of upper surface of portable plate 2.The width of two interface attached wire is 0.5～1mm, is highly 2～4mm.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as sinusoidal, its width is 1mm, is highly 3mm.
Portable plate 2 is for being in contact with one another the lower surface of top fixed head 1 and the fixing interface attached wire 6 of the groove of the upper surface of portable plate 2 or separated.Portable plate 2 be shaped as rectangle, width is at least less than the width of bottom fixed board 3, length is at least less than the width in the cross section of shock tube experiment section 8, the difference of the width in the cross section of the length of portable plate 2 and shock tube experiment section 8 is preferably 0.5～1mm.In this embodiment, the material of portable plate 2 is organic glass, and its width is 50mm, and length is 139mm.
On top fixed head 1, offer filling orifice, on the center line that is centered close to groove of filling orifice, this filling orifice is for being communicated with the groove on the lower surface of this top fixed head 1 with the upper space of this top fixed head 1, filling orifice diameter can be 0.5～2mm, number can be 2～3, and the center of filling orifice is preferably on the center line of groove and is uniformly distributed.In this embodiment, top fixed head 1 has the filling orifice that three diameters are 1.6mm, and this filling orifice can be connected with outside liquid injection device, and described fluid infusion apparatus is for example suds injection device.
The lower surface of portable plate 2 is fixedly connected with sliding bar 4, make this portable plate 2 can be under the drive of sliding bar 4 axially sliding along sliding bar 4.This sliding bar 4 can be one, also can be a plurality ofly, preferably by metal material, is made, and its diameter is between 3 to 7mm.In this embodiment, the number of sliding bar 4 is two, and it is all Steel material and makes, and diameter is 6mm.Between portable plate 2 and sliding bar 4, can fix by any mode, in this embodiment, on the lower surface of portable plate 2, offer the counterbore corresponding with the position of sliding bar 4, by counterbore, portable plate 2 and sliding bar 4 are fixed together.Counterbore shape on portable plate 2 should adapt with the upper end shape of sliding bar 4, so that portable plate 2 is fixing with sliding bar 4.
Accordingly, at the correspondence position with sliding bar 4 of bottom fixed board 3, have through hole, so that sliding bar 4 can and axially be free to slide along it through through hole, thereby can drive portable plate 2 to move up and down.Through-hole diameter on bottom fixed board 3 should be greater than the diameter of sliding bar 4, so that sliding bar 4 is free to slide through through hole.The difference of the two can be 1～2mm.In this embodiment, through-hole diameter is 7mm.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the position of the below that is positioned at bottom fixed board 3 of the shaft of each sliding bar 4 connects a locking device 7, and the purposes of locking device 7 is with respect to bottom fixed board 3 lockings by sliding bar 4.The diameter of locking device 7 is greater than the diameter of sliding bar 4, make the locking device 7 can moving axially along sliding bar 4, when locking device 7 moves to the lower surface of bottom fixed board 3, utilize friction force that locking device 7 is fixed on sliding bar 4, thereby the relative position between sliding bar 4, bottom fixed board 3 and portable plate 2 is fixed.In this embodiment, locking device 7 has internal and external screw thread structure with sliding bar 4, by helicitic texture by locking device 7 moving axially along sliding bar 4, until the lower surface of its close contact bottom fixed board 3, utilize friction force to make locking device 7 self-lockings, thereby limited the movement of sliding bar 4, portable plate 2 is fixed on bottom fixed board 3.
Shock tube experiment section 8 is ingredients of shock tube, is roughly a tubular structure.The sidewall of shock tube experiment section 8 is used to form the enclosure space in shock tube.The relative position of the upper and lower two side of shock tube experiment section 8 has two rectangular windows, and it is for installing top fixed head 1 and the bottom fixed board 3 of device of the present invention.In addition, optical glass is also installed on rectangular window, flow field when optical glass is used for observing shock wave through rectangular window develops.In this embodiment, the length of the rectangular window of the upper and lower wall of shock tube experiment section 8 is 151mm, and width is 140mm, and the height in the cross section of shock tube experiment section 8 is 20mm, and width is 140mm, and the height of the sidewall of shock tube experiment section 8 is 20mm.
Fig. 2 illustrates in the present embodiment top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 in the fixed position of shock tube experiment section 8.The rectangular window of the upper wall of shock tube experiment section 8 has been installed top fixed head 1 and top optical glass, and the relative position of the rectangular window of its lower wall has been installed bottom fixed board 3 and bottom optical glass.Between top fixed head 1 and top optical glass and bottom fixed board 3 and bottom optical glass, adopt fluid sealant to seal, as shown in the figure, whole device of the present invention is installed in the rectangular window of shock tube experiment section 8, and top fixed head 1 is arranged in relative position with bottom fixed board 3 and is positioned at one end that first the rectangular window shock wave of shock tube experiment section 8 reaches.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 shows the scope of activities of the portable plate 2 of device of the present invention, and as seen from the figure, this scope is the depth of section of shock tube experiment section 8.In specific implementation process, promote sliding bar 4 and make fixing interface attached wire 6 close contacts of portable plate 2 and top fixed head 1.Filling orifice by top fixed head 1 injects groove by liquid soap, until fixing interface attached wire 6 is all fully soaked on top fixed head 1 and portable plate 2, all accumulates a certain amount of liquid soap in the groove of top fixed head 1 and portable plate 2 simultaneously.After the liquid soap of two interface attached wire 6 fully contacts, pull sliding bar 4 to make portable plate 2 be down to bottom fixed board 3.Further, unlatching-locking apparatus 7 makes portable plate 2 be fixed on bottom fixed board 3, and formed soap film can be attached on two sidewalls of interface attached wire 6 and shock tube experiment section 8.
Can be As time goes on after soap film forms gradually attenuation until finally break.Through experimental verification, more than the formed soap film of apparatus of the present invention can exist 5min before breaking to soap film after stopping injecting liquid soap.Because the time frame of shock tube experiment is 1ms, the sustainable existence time of soap film can meet requirement of experiment.
The mathematical modeling at soap film interface can carry out in the following manner, supposes that interface pressure at both sides equates, soap film interface keeps minimal surface shape, and on curved surface, the mean curvature of arbitrfary point is 0, according to minimal surface character, known:
(1+f
y 2)f
xx-2f
xf
yf
xy+(1+f
x 2)f
yy＝0
Wherein f (x, y) is for characterizing the mathematical function of minimal surface shape, f
x, f
xxfor single order and the second-order partial differential coefficient of function f (x, y) in x direction, f
y, f
yyfor single order and the second-order partial differential coefficient of function f (x, y) in y direction.
Particularly, in the embodiment shown in the Fig. 1 that is sinusoidal shape in interface attached wire, function f (x, y) keeps y value fixing in the position of crest or trough, and minimal surface shape can be similar to and be expressed as herein:
Wherein, the wave number that k is sinusoidal boundary, a
ifor the amplitude of minimal surface in z=0 plane, cosh () is hyperbolic cosine function.
In another embodiment shown in Fig. 4, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as circle, interface attached wire 6 is fixed on to the sidewall of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 middle slots.In addition, the radius of interface attached wire 6 and position can regulate according to experiment demand, and the shape of interface attached wire 6 also can expand to oval situation easily.
The radius of supposing Fig. 4 median surface attached wire 6 is R, the soap film interface pressure at both sides that forms equate, interface shape is minimal surface.This minimal surface can rotate a circle and obtain around axis of symmetry by being shaped as the bus of catenary.For curve form is carried out to mathematical description, set up right-handed coordinate system, the initial point of coordinate system is taken on the plane of symmetry of shock tube experiment section 8, make z axle by the center of circle of interface attached wire 6, interface equation can be expressed as:
Wherein,
h is the depth of section of shock tube experiment section 8, and R is the radius of interface attached wire 6.
In another embodiment shown in Fig. 5, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as straight line, interface attached wire 6 is fixed on to a sidewall of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 middle slots; Adopt this device to form the gas interface of plane type.Because plane type gas interface and shock wave interaction problem exist Theory Solution, can adopt theoretical method to carry out verification to experimental precision.At incident shock Mach 2 ship 1.18, both sides, interface gas is under the starting condition of air and sulfur hexafluoride, and it is 171.46m/s through movement velocity size after interface that experiment records shock wave, and interfacial velocity size is 60.67m/s.Under the same conditions, the transmit shock velocity magnitude obtaining by theoretical method is 171.94m/s, and interfacial velocity size is 62.12m/s.According to the above results, known experimental result and do not consider that the relative error between the notional result of soap film impact is less than 2.5%.The Jacobs research group of Arizona, USA university has also carried out shock wave and the interactional experimental study of planar interface (Collins BD and Jacobs JW (2002) PLIF flow visualization and measurements of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability ofan air/SF6interface.J Fluid Mech 464:113-136), in experiment, utilized the characteristic that sulfur hexafluoride gas is larger than atmospheric density, adopt bidirectional inflating method to form the gas interface of air/sulfur hexafluoride, under the starting condition of incident shock Mach 2 ship 1.21, interface is subject to shock wave and impacts the big or small 60.6m/s of being of rear its movement velocity, corresponding notional result is 64.2m/s, relative error reaches 5.6%.As can be seen here, gas interface generating apparatus of the present invention has a significant effect to the raising of experimental precision.
In another embodiment shown in Fig. 6, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as triangle, interface attached wire 6 is fixed on to a sidewall of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 middle slots.In addition, three sides of a triangle length, position and towards regulating according to the actual requirements, can expand to other triangle situations easily.
In another embodiment shown in Fig. 7, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as square, interface attached wire 6 is fixed on to a sidewall of the groove of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3.In addition, the foursquare length of side, position and towards regulating according to experiment demand, the shape of interface attached wire 6 also can expand to other quadrilateral situations easily.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an interface generating apparatus, for generating the required fluid film of shock tube experiment, is characterized in that, comprises top fixed head (1), bottom fixed board (3), portable plate (2) and interface attached wire, wherein
Described top fixed head (1) and bottom fixed board (3) are parallel to each other and distance is fixed, for fixing whole device,
Described portable plate (2) is arranged between described top fixed head (1) and described bottom fixed board (3), and parallel with described bottom fixed board (3) with described top fixed head (1);
On the upper surface of the lower surface of described top fixed head (1) and portable plate (2), be respectively provided with a groove, the position in the vertical direction of described two grooves is mutually corresponding, and its shape is symmetrical about surface level, for fixing described interface attached wire (6),
Described interface attached wire (6) is for adhering to described fluid film,
Described portable plate (2) is for being in contact with one another the lower surface of top fixed head (1) and the fixing interface attached wire (6) of the described groove of the upper surface of portable plate (2) or separated.
2. interface as claimed in claim 1 generating apparatus, it is characterized in that, on described top fixed head (1), offer filling orifice, on the center line that is centered close to described groove of described filling orifice, for the groove on the lower surface of this top fixed head (1) is communicated with the upper space of this top fixed head (1), to inject the liquid that forms described fluid film in described groove.
3. interface as claimed in claim 1 generating apparatus, it is characterized in that, the width of described top fixed head (1) and described portable plate (2) middle slot is greater than the width of described interface attached wire (6), and the degree of depth of described groove is greater than the height of described interface attached wire (6).
4. interface as claimed in claim 3 generating apparatus, is characterized in that, the shape of the center line of described groove is identical with the shape of described interface attached wire (6).
5. interface as claimed in claim 1 generating apparatus, it is characterized in that, the lower surface of described portable plate (2) is fixedly connected with a sliding bar (4), make described portable plate (2) can be under the drive of described sliding bar (4) axially sliding along described sliding bar (4).
6. interface as claimed in claim 5 generating apparatus, it is characterized in that, the lower surface of described portable plate (2) offers the counterbore corresponding with described sliding bar (4), by described counterbore, this sliding bar (4) is fixed on to portable plate (2).
7. interface as claimed in claim 5 generating apparatus, it is characterized in that, the corresponding position with described sliding bar (4) at described bottom fixed board (3) has through hole, so that sliding bar (4) can axially be free to slide along it through described through hole.
8. interface as claimed in claim 7 generating apparatus, it is characterized in that, the position of the below that is positioned at described bottom fixed board (3) of described sliding bar (4) is connected with locking device (7), and this locking device (7) can be locked described sliding bar (4) with respect to described bottom fixed board (3).
9. the interface generating apparatus as described in any one in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described interface generating apparatus is installed in the rectangular window of a shock tube experiment section (8), and described top fixed head (1) and described bottom fixed board (3) are arranged in one end that the rectangular window shock wave of shock tube experiment section (8) first reaches.
10. the interface generating apparatus as described in any one in claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, the liquid that forms described fluid film is suds.
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| CN201210213439.3A CN102759439B (en) | 2012-06-26 | 2012-06-26 | Interface generation device for shock tube experimental study |
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| CN201210213439.3A CN102759439B (en) | 2012-06-26 | 2012-06-26 | Interface generation device for shock tube experimental study |
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| GB0920814D0 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-01-13 | Isis Innovation | High velocity droplet impacts |
| GB0920816D0 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-01-13 | Isis Innovation | Energy focussing |
| GB201007655D0 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2010-06-23 | Isis Innovation | Localised energy concentration |
| GB201208939D0 (en) | 2012-05-21 | 2012-07-04 | Isis Innovation | Localised energy concentration |
| GB201304046D0 (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-04-17 | Isis Innovation | Localised energy concentration |
| GB201304047D0 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2013-04-17 | Isis Innovation | Localised Energy Concentration |
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