CN102759439A - Interface generation device for shock tube experimental study - Google Patents
Interface generation device for shock tube experimental study Download PDFInfo
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- CN102759439A CN102759439A CN2012102134393A CN201210213439A CN102759439A CN 102759439 A CN102759439 A CN 102759439A CN 2012102134393 A CN2012102134393 A CN 2012102134393A CN 201210213439 A CN201210213439 A CN 201210213439A CN 102759439 A CN102759439 A CN 102759439A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interface generation device for a liquid film required by a shock tube generation experiment. The interface generation device comprises a top fixed plate, a bottom fixed plate, a movable plate and interface attachment lines, wherein the top fixed plate and the bottom fixed plate are parallel to each other at a fixed distance and used for fixing the entire device, the movable plate is arranged between the top fixed plate and the bottom fixed plate, the lower surface of the top fixed plate and the upper surface of the movable plate are respectively provided with a slot, the two slots are correspondent in position in a vertical direction and symmetrical in shape relative to a horizontal plane, and are used for fixing the interface attachment lines, the interface attachment lines are used for attaching the liquid film, and the movable plate is used for making the two interface attachment lines contact or separate mutually. The entire interface generation device disclosed by the invention is simple and reasonable in structure and convenient to install, and thus, the experimental efficiency can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the hydrodynamics technology field, be specifically related to a kind of interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research.
Background technology
When the interface between the LAYER FLUID of different in kind received the shock wave percussive action, the disturbance meeting on the interface constantly increased, and formed Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability.This phenomenon Study has important engineering to be used and research value, relates to many research fields such as inertial confinement fusion, sophisticated weapons, airspace engine, astrophysics, turbulent flow.Carrying out shock tube experiment is the instable important method of research RM, and wherein interface creating method all is one of gordian technique that influences experimental precision all the time.At present; The interface of discontinuity surface type adopts the nitrocellulose film method to form usually; This method at first is sprinkled upon the water surface with nitrocellulose solution, treats just can form thin film on the water surface after the organic solvent volatilization in the solution; With after the film taking-up and drying, film just can remain the shape of mould and can be further used for experimental study with mould.Nitrocellulose membrane is used for the history (referring to Meshkov EE (1969), Instability of the interface of two gases accelerated by a shock wave, Fluid Dyn 4:101-404) that the research of RM instability has reached 30 years so far at first; Integral body raising along with experimental technique; This interface creating method also shows some shortcomings, this method complex operation for example, and required optional equipment is many; And obtain solution, processes such as oven dry cause experimental period longer.The problem that should be noted that is that nitrocellulose membrane has experienced after the shock wave impact, and formed solid film fragment can be followed the flow field and moved together, and the energy in flow field, absorption interface both sides, stream field develop and exert an influence late period, reduce experimental precision.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research, solve the problem that gas interface generation method exists in the present RM instability experimental study, loaded down with trivial details like the experiment process, stream field evolution interference in late period is bigger etc.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The present invention proposes a kind of interface generating apparatus, is used for generating the required fluid film of shock tube experiment, comprises top fixed head, bottom fixed board, portable plate and interface attached wire; Wherein said top fixed head and bottom fixed board are parallel to each other and fixed distance; Be used for fixing whole device, said portable plate is arranged between said top fixed head and the said bottom fixed board, and parallel with said bottom fixed board with said top fixed head; Respectively be provided with a groove on the lower surface of said top fixed head and the upper surface of portable plate; The position in the vertical direction of said two grooves is corresponding each other; Its shape is about the surface level symmetry; Be used for fixing said interface attached wire, said interface attached wire is used to adhere to said fluid film, and said portable plate is used for making the fixing interface attached wire of said groove of upper surface of lower surface and the portable plate of top fixed head to be in contact with one another or separates.
A preferred embodiment of the invention; Offer filling orifice on the fixed head of said top; On the center line that is centered close to said groove of said filling orifice; Be used for the upper space of the groove on the lower surface of this top fixed head with this top fixed head is communicated with, in said groove, to inject the liquid that forms said fluid film.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the width of groove is greater than the width of said interface attached wire in said top fixed head and the said portable plate, and the degree of depth of said groove is greater than the height of said interface attached wire.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the shape of the center line of said groove is identical with the shape of said interface attached wire.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower surface of said portable plate is fixedly connected with a sliding bar, make said portable plate can be under the drive of said sliding bar axially sliding along said sliding bar.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower surface of said portable plate offer and the corresponding counterbore of said sliding bar, through said counterbore this sliding bar are fixed in portable plate.
A preferred embodiment of the invention has through hole said bottom fixed board with corresponding position said sliding bar, so that sliding bar can pass said through hole and axially be free to slide along it.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the position of the below that is positioned at said bottom fixed board of said sliding bar is connected with locking device, and this locking device can be locked said sliding bar with respect to said bottom fixed board.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, said interface generating apparatus is installed in the rectangular window of a shock tube experiment section, and said top fixed head and said bottom fixed board are arranged in the end that the rectangular window shock wave of shock tube experiment section at first reaches.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid that forms said fluid film is suds.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:
1, interface of the present invention generating apparatus is simple in structure, be provided with rationally, and easy for installation, therefore can improve conventional efficient.
2, the present invention utilizes the characteristic of the shape dependence of fluid film in its border; Get final product the shape of regulator solution body thin film through the type that changes the fluid film border; Mathematical modeling is convenient at formed interface, for the instable theoretical research of associated fluid mechanics and numerical simulation work provide new thinking and experimental data support.
3, the present invention utilizes the little characteristic of drop stream field interference that fluid film forms under the shock wave percussive action; Use it for RM instability experimental study; The gas interface that can either guarantee the discontinuity surface type forms, and has reduced the energy loss in flow field in the experimentation again, is beneficial to the raising experimental precision.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention in the installation site of shock tube synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of second embodiment of the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the 3rd embodiment of the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the 4th embodiment of the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the 5th embodiment of the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the interface generating apparatus that is used for shock tube experiment research of the present invention comprises top fixed head 1, portable plate 2, bottom fixed board 3, interface attached wire 6, sliding bar 4 and locking device 7.
Top fixed head 1 is parallel to each other with bottom fixed board 3, is used for fixing whole device.Fixed distance between top fixed head 1 and the bottom fixed board 3; Its spacing is the depth of section of shock tube experiment section 8; Be shaped as rectangle, width is half the less than the length of the rectangular window of shock tube experiment section 8 at least, and length is at least greater than the width of the rectangular window of shock tube experiment section 8.In the present embodiment, the material of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 is preferably transparent material, organic glass for example, and its spacing is 20mm, and width is 55.5mm, and length is 151mm.In addition, the partial structurtes and the size of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 can be adjusted according to the concrete structure and the size of shock tube, to adapt to the needs of different actual conditions.
Interface attached wire 6 is used to make the border of the required fluid film of shock tube experiment attached to known form.Be a kind of soap film attached wire in the present embodiment, it is used to make soap film attached to interface attached wire 6, makes that the shape on soap film border is identical with the shape of interface attached wire 6.But the present invention is not limited to this, and interface attached wire 6 also can be used to adhere to the fluid film of other composition.Through bonding way a side of an interface attached wire 6 is fixed on the sidewall of groove of lower surface of top fixed head 1, the corresponding side of another root interface attached wire 6 is fixed on the corresponding sidewall of groove of upper surface of portable plate 2.The width of two interface attached wire is 0.5～1mm, highly is 2～4mm.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as sinusoidal, its width is 1mm, highly is 3mm.
On top fixed head 1, offer filling orifice; On the center line that is centered close to groove of filling orifice; This filling orifice is used for the upper space of the groove on the lower surface of this top fixed head 1 with this top fixed head 1 is communicated with; The filling orifice diameter can be 0.5～2mm, and number can be 2～3, and the center of filling orifice is preferably on the center line of groove and evenly distributes.In this embodiment, the filling orifice that it is 1.6mm that top fixed head 1 has three diameters, and this filling orifice can be connected with the outside liquid injection device, and said fluid infusion apparatus for example is the suds injection device.
The lower surface of portable plate 2 is fixedly connected with sliding bar 4, make this portable plate 2 can be under the drive of sliding bar 4 axially sliding along sliding bar 4.This sliding bar 4 can be one, also can be a plurality ofly, is preferably processed by metal material, and its diameter is between 3 to 7mm.In this embodiment, the number of sliding bar 4 is two, and it is all steel and processes, and diameter is 6mm.Can fix through any way between portable plate 2 and the sliding bar 4, in this embodiment, offer on the lower surface of portable plate 2 and the corresponding counterbore in the position of sliding bar 4, portable plate 2 and sliding bar 4 are fixed together through counterbore.Counterbore shape on the portable plate 2 should adapt with the upper end shape of sliding bar 4, so that portable plate 2 is fixing with sliding bar 4.
Accordingly, have through hole,, move up and down thereby can drive portable plate 2 so that sliding bar 4 can pass through hole and axially be free to slide along it at the correspondence position with sliding bar 4 of bottom fixed board 3.Through-hole diameter on the bottom fixed board 3 should be free to slide so that sliding bar 4 passes through hole greater than the diameter of sliding bar 4.The difference of the two can be 1～2mm.In this embodiment, through-hole diameter is 7mm.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the position of the below that is positioned at bottom fixed board 3 of the shaft of each sliding bar 4 connects a locking device 7, and the purposes of locking device 7 is with respect to bottom fixed board 3 lockings with sliding bar 4.The diameter of locking device 7 is greater than the diameter of sliding bar 4; Make that locking device 7 can moving axially along sliding bar 4; When locking device 7 moves to the lower surface of bottom fixed board 3; Utilize friction force that locking device 7 is fixed on the sliding bar 4, thereby the relative position between sliding bar 4, bottom fixed board 3 and the portable plate 2 is fixed.In this embodiment; Locking device 7 has the internal and external screw thread structure with sliding bar 4; Through helicitic texture with locking device 7 along the moving axially of sliding bar 4, until its tight lower surface of contact bottom fixed board 3, utilize friction force to make locking device 7 self-lockings; Thereby limited moving of sliding bar 4, portable plate 2 is fixed on the bottom fixed board 3.
Shock tube experiment section 8 is ingredients of shock tube, roughly is a tubular structure.The sidewall of shock tube experiment section 8 is used to form the enclosure space in the shock tube.The relative position of the upper and lower two side of shock tube experiment section 8 has two rectangular windows, and it is used to install the top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3 of device of the present invention.In addition, optical glass is installed also on the rectangular window, the flow field when optical glass is used to observe shock wave through rectangular window develops.In this embodiment, the length of the rectangular window of the upper and lower wall of shock tube experiment section 8 is 151mm, and width is 140mm, and the height in the cross section of shock tube experiment section 8 is 20mm, and width is 140mm, and the height of the sidewall of shock tube experiment section 8 is 20mm.
Fig. 2 illustrates top fixed head 1 and the fixed position of bottom fixed board 3 in shock tube experiment section 8 in the present embodiment.The rectangular window of the upper wall of shock tube experiment section 8 has been installed top fixed head 1 and top optical glass, and the relative position of the rectangular window of its lower wall has been installed bottom fixed board 3 and bottom optical glass.Adopt fluid sealant to seal between top fixed head 1 and top optical glass and bottom fixed board 3 and the bottom optical glass; As shown in the figure; Whole device of the present invention is installed in the rectangular window of shock tube experiment section 8, and top fixed head 1 is arranged in relative position with bottom fixed board 3 and is positioned at the end that the rectangular window shock wave of shock tube experiment section 8 at first reaches.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 shows the scope of activities of the portable plate 2 of device of the present invention, and visible by figure, this scope is the depth of section of shock tube experiment section 8.In the practical implementation process, promote sliding bar 4 portable plate 2 is closely contacted with top fixed head 1 fixing interface attached wire 6.Filling orifice through top fixed head 1 injects groove with liquid soap, and interface attached wire 6 fixing on top fixed head 1 and portable plate 2 is all wetting by fully, all accumulates a certain amount of liquid soap in the groove of top fixed head 1 and portable plate 2 simultaneously.After the liquid soap of two interface attached wire 6 fully contacted, pulling sliding bar 4 made portable plate 2 reduce to bottom fixed board 3.Further, unlatching-locking apparatus 7 makes portable plate 2 be fixed in bottom fixed board 3, and formed soap film can be attached on two sidewalls of interface attached wire 6 and shock tube experiment section 8.
Can be As time goes on after soap film forms gradually attenuation until finally breaking.Through experimental verification, the formed soap film of apparatus of the present invention can exist more than the 5min before after stopping to inject liquid soap, breaking to soap film.Because the time frame of shock tube experiment is 1ms, the lasting life period of soap film can satisfy requirement of experiment.
The mathematical modeling at soap film interface can carry out in the following manner, supposes that the interface pressure at both sides equates, the soap film interface keeps the minimal surface shape, and the mean curvature of arbitrfary point is 0 on the curved surface, according to minimal surface character, can know:
(1+f
y 2)f
xx-2f
xf
yf
xy+(1+f
x 2)f
yy＝0
Wherein (x is y) for characterizing the mathematical function of minimal surface shape, f for f
x, f
XxFor function f (x, y) at the single order and the second-order partial differential coefficient of x direction, f
y, f
Yy(x is y) at the single order and the second-order partial differential coefficient of y direction for function f.
Particularly, be among the embodiment shown in Figure 1 of sinusoidal shape in the interface attached wire, function f (x y) keeps the y value fixing in the position of crest or trough, and the minimal surface shape can be similar to and be expressed as here:
Wherein, k is the wave number of sinusoidal boundary, a
iBe the amplitude of minimal surface on the z=0 plane, cosh () is a hyperbolic cosine function.
In another embodiment shown in Figure 4, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as circle, interface attached wire 6 is fixed in the sidewall of groove in top fixed head 1 and the bottom fixed board 3.In addition, the radius of interface attached wire 6 and position can be regulated according to the experiment demand, and the shape of interface attached wire 6 also can expand to oval situation easily.
The radius of supposing Fig. 4 median surface attached wire 6 is R, the soap film interface pressure at both sides that forms equate that interface shape is a minimal surface.This minimal surface can rotate a circle around axis of symmetry through the bus that is shaped as catenary and obtain.For curve form is carried out mathematical description, set up right-handed coordinate system, the initial point of coordinate system is taken on the plane of symmetry of shock tube experiment section 8, make the center of circle of z axle through interface attached wire 6, then the interface equation can be expressed as:
Wherein,
h is the depth of section of shock tube experiment section 8, and R is the radius of interface attached wire 6.
In another embodiment shown in Figure 5, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as straight line, interface attached wire 6 is fixed in a sidewall of groove in top fixed head 1 and the bottom fixed board 3; Adopt this device to form the gas interface of plane type.Because there are theoretical solution in plane type gas interface and shock wave interaction problem, can adopt theoretical method that experimental precision is carried out verification.At incident shock Mach 2 ship 1.18, both sides, interface gas is under the starting condition of air and sulfur hexafluoride, and experiment records shock wave and passes the big or small 171.46m/s of being of movement velocity after the interface, and the interfacial velocity size is 60.67m/s.Under the same conditions, the transmission shock velocity size that obtains through theoretical method is 171.94m/s, and the interfacial velocity size is 62.12m/s.According to The above results, can know experimental result and not consider that relative error between the notional result of soap film influence is less than 2.5%.The Jacobs research group of Arizona, USA university has also carried out shock wave and planar interface experimental Study of Interaction (Collins BD and Jacobs JW (2002) PLIF flow visualization and measurements of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability ofan air/SF6interface.J Fluid Mech 464:113-136); Utilized the sulfur hexafluoride gas characteristic bigger in the experiment than atmospheric density; Adopt the bidirectional inflating method to form the gas interface of air/sulfur hexafluoride; Under the starting condition of incident shock Mach 2 ship 1.21; The interface receives shock wave and impacts the big or small 60.6m/s of being of its movement velocity of back; Its corresponding theory result is 64.2m/s, and relative error reaches 5.6%.This shows that gas interface generating apparatus according to the invention has a significant effect to the raising of experimental precision.
In another embodiment shown in Figure 6, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as triangle, interface attached wire 6 is fixed in a sidewall of groove in top fixed head 1 and the bottom fixed board 3.In addition, three sides of a triangle length, position and towards regulating according to the actual requirements can expand to other triangle situation easily.
In another embodiment shown in Figure 7, interface attached wire 6 be shaped as square, interface attached wire 6 is fixed in a sidewall of the groove of top fixed head 1 and bottom fixed board 3.In addition, the foursquare length of side, position and towards regulating according to the experiment demand, the shape of interface attached wire 6 also can expand to other quadrilateral situation easily.
Above-described specific embodiment; The object of the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect have been carried out further explain, it should be understood that the above is merely specific embodiment of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an interface generating apparatus is used for generating the required fluid film of shock tube experiment, it is characterized in that, comprises top fixed head (1), bottom fixed board (3), portable plate (2) and interface attached wire, wherein
Said top fixed head (1) and bottom fixed board (3) are parallel to each other and fixed distance, are used for fixing whole device,
Said portable plate (2) is arranged between said top fixed head (1) and the said bottom fixed board (3), and parallel with said bottom fixed board (3) with said top fixed head (1);
Respectively be provided with a groove on the upper surface of the lower surface of said top fixed head (1) and portable plate (2), the position in the vertical direction of said two grooves is corresponding each other, and its shape is used for fixing said interface attached wire (6) about the surface level symmetry,
Said interface attached wire (6) is used to adhere to said fluid film,
Said portable plate (2) is used for making the fixing interface attached wire (6) of said groove of lower surface and the upper surface of portable plate (2) of top fixed head (1) to be in contact with one another or separates.
2. interface as claimed in claim 1 generating apparatus; It is characterized in that; Offer filling orifice on the said top fixed head (1); On the center line that is centered close to said groove of said filling orifice, be used for the upper space of the groove on the lower surface of this top fixed head (1) with this top fixed head (1) is communicated with, in said groove, to inject the liquid that forms said fluid film.
3. interface as claimed in claim 1 generating apparatus is characterized in that, the width of groove is greater than the width of said interface attached wire (6) in said top fixed head (1) and the said portable plate (2), and the degree of depth of said groove is greater than the height of said interface attached wire (6).
4. interface as claimed in claim 3 generating apparatus is characterized in that, the shape of the center line of said groove is identical with the shape of said interface attached wire (6).
5. interface as claimed in claim 1 generating apparatus; It is characterized in that; The lower surface of said portable plate (2) is fixedly connected with a sliding bar (4), make said portable plate (2) can be under the drive of said sliding bar (4) axially sliding along said sliding bar (4).
6. interface as claimed in claim 5 generating apparatus is characterized in that, the lower surface of said portable plate (2) offers and the corresponding counterbore of said sliding bar (4), through said counterbore this sliding bar (4) is fixed in portable plate (2).
7. interface as claimed in claim 5 generating apparatus is characterized in that, has through hole in the corresponding position with said sliding bar (4) of said bottom fixed board (3), so that sliding bar (4) can pass said through hole and axially be free to slide along it.
8. interface as claimed in claim 7 generating apparatus; It is characterized in that; The position of the below that is positioned at said bottom fixed board (3) of said sliding bar (4) is connected with locking device (7), and this locking device (7) can be locked said sliding bar (4) with respect to said bottom fixed board (3).
9. like each described interface generating apparatus in the claim 1 to 8; It is characterized in that; Said interface generating apparatus is installed in the rectangular window of a shock tube experiment section (8), and said top fixed head (1) and said bottom fixed board (3) are arranged in the end that the rectangular window shock wave of shock tube experiment section (8) at first reaches.
10. like each described interface generating apparatus in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that the liquid that forms said fluid film is suds.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9620247B2 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2017-04-11 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Energy focussing |
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| US10265674B2 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2019-04-23 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Producing a localized compression of gas between a concave surface and an impacting jet that is formed by using a shockwave to collapse a gas pocket |
| US10315180B2 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2019-06-11 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Localised energy concentration |
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| US9984775B2 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2018-05-29 | Oxford University Innovation Limited | Localised energy concentration |
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