The specific embodiment
A kind of and the mixed gas kitchen ranges that fires of the surplus waste oil in kitchen according to the invention like Fig. 1, shown in 2, comprises the burning main body 2 on stove and accessory 1, the stove and accessory, has a combustion chamber 3 in this burning main body 2, and centers are provided with interior glass 4 in the combustion chamber 3; The sidewall of burning main body is provided with first oil inlet passage 5 and extends to the chamber 6 around interior cup outer wall; First oil inlet passage 5 is the passage of delivery of fuel gas fuel or alcohol-group fuel; The bottom of burning main body 2 is provided with second oil inlet passage 7 and extends in the interior cup 4; Second oil inlet passage 7 is used to carry the surplus waste oil in kitchen, the fuel gas or the alcohol-group fuel mixed combustion of the surplus waste oil in the kitchen side all with it of interior cup; Metal balls 8 of placing brimmers in the interior cup 4 are used to prevent that the surplus Waste-oil combustion in kitchen from spattering oil and improving its gasification efficiency; Interior cup 4 perisporiums are interval with some vertical bar holes 9 so that a surplus waste oil in kitchen in the cup and a glass outer fuel gas or the abundant mixed combustion of alcohol-group fuel; The rear side next-door neighbour of said burning main body 2 is provided with the surplus waste oil storage tank 10 in kitchen, and the bottom of the surplus waste oil storage tank 10 in kitchen is connected through second oil inlet passage 7 of pipeline with interior cup 4 bottoms.
Place the metal ball of brimmer in the interior cup, and on Metal Ball, place netted cover plate, prevent that Metal Ball from dropping, the diameter of metal ball is 6-8 millimeters; Interior cup bottom is higher than 5-7 centimeters of bottoms, combustion chamber.Complete for the Waste-oil combustion in the cup in letting, also let interior glass of outer fuel gas or alcohol-group fuel burning fully, interior glass internal diameter is 1:2 with the ratio of combustion chamber internal diameter.
The present invention establishes a discharge flue in 3 sides in the combustion chamber, above discharge flue, establishes a hot water storgae 11, the waste heat in the time of can making full use of burning like this.Also indicate tap 12, outlet flue 13 among Fig. 1, add the surplus waste oil mouth in kitchen 14, the surplus waste oil fuel tap in kitchen 15, fuel gas or alcohol-group fuel valve 16, air-valve 17.
The present invention is through adding an in-line at the bottom of burner, the surplus waste oil in kitchen in this pipeline leads to the interior cup of burner, makes the surplus waste oil mixed combustion in fuel gas or alcohol-group fuel and kitchen; Concrete combustion process is following: fuel gas or alcohol-group fuel be burning earlier; When reaching uniform temperature, also roasting heat the surplus waste oil storage tank in kitchen of burning main body rear side, improved the flowability of the surplus waste oil in kitchen; Make the surplus Waste-oil combustion in kitchen again; Two kinds of flames mix, above-mentioned in cup the combustion chamber is divided into the center oil pocket and around the fuel gas or the alcohol-group fuel chamber of interior cup outer wall, the surplus waste oil in fuel gas of the present invention or alcohol-group fuel and kitchen is unmixed; Because burning simultaneously in two chambeies, can improve efficiency of combustion to 99.99% even reach 100%.
Because the surplus waste oil in kitchen belongs to blended recovered oil, the composition of the inside is many, and the uneven incident that can spatter oil of heating takes place; The metal ball body of therefore putting steel ball or same function in the cup the inside; The surplus waste oil in kitchen is heated evenly, can spatter oil, simultaneously because the temperature of steel ball is very high; Can improve the gasification efficiency of the surplus waste oil in kitchen, thereby further improve efficiency of combustion.Through test of many times, place the metal ball of brimmer in the interior cup, the diameter of metal ball is 6-8 millimeters, its best results; Can over-emitting black exhaust when making the surplus Waste-oil combustion in kitchen; Interior cup bottom is higher than 5-7 centimeters of bottoms, combustion chamber; Can make the surplus waste oil in kitchen obtain sufficient oxygen supply like this, resemble and on wall of cup, open bar hole, and the bottom of each bar hole is higher than surplus waste oil surface, glass interior kitchen; Also help the abundant oxygen supply of the surplus waste oil in kitchen, sufficient combustion.
Mix through surplus waste oil in kitchen and alcohol-group fuel below and fire the test that experimentizes:
Viscosity test to the surplus waste oil in kitchen:
Kitchen surplus waste oil viscosity at normal temperatures is very big, and mobile poor, cup burns in being unfavorable for being transported to.Test its viscosity, and it is significant to its application to seek the reduction method of viscosity.
Engler viscometer is adopted in the test of viscosity, and the definition of Engler viscosity (E) is the ratio of time and 20 ℃ of following water outflow times of oil outflow under this temperature of 200ml.And commonly used be kinetic viscosity, and the relation between the Engler viscosity is:
.The cp commonly used of unit representes 1cp=0.01m
2/ s.
Utilize the Engler viscometer viscosimetric, at first, all make liquid level at this height, can on the viscosimeter chamber wall, mark for guaranteeing each experiment with being filled to certain altitude in the viscosimeter.With metering, manual time-keeping begins the placement range when opening the exit valve greater than the graduated cylinder of 200ml in the exit.Stopwatch stops timing when treating that solution rises to 200ml in the graduated cylinder, writes down the used time.So back and forth, reject and wherein to differ bigger data, get the time that 5 groups less mean value of error wherein flows out as 200ml water.
In viscosimeter, inject the surplus waste oil in kitchen, with thermometer measure and write down temperature value.Use the same method and measure the time that the surplus waste oil in 200ml kitchen flows out.The ratio of the time that the surplus waste oil in kitchen and water flow out is for the cook Engler viscosity of surplus waste oil of this temperature, is kinetic viscosity through transforming.
Change temperature, repeat to test to record the viscosity of the surplus waste oil in kitchen under different temperatures, as shown in Figure 3.As can be seen from the figure the surplus waste oil viscosity with temperature in kitchen raises and reduces, and its trend approaches the monobasic quartic polynomial.So improve the viscosity that temperature can reduce the surplus waste oil in kitchen, improve its flowability.
To the surplus waste oil thermal value measurement in kitchen:
Calorific value is the key factor of a kind of fuel quality of decision, and the calorific value of the surplus waste oil in research kitchen helps to learn its ignition temperature, confirms its scope of application.The fuel of high heating value is applicable to the occasion that requires ignition temperature higher, does not need the occasion of high-temperature too then not need the fuel of higher calorific value, can produce more pernicious gas on the contrary.
Utilizing the principle of oxygen bomb appearance calorimetric value is thermal balance.Be filled with the oxygen of 3MPa pressure in the oxygen bomb; Fuel burns therein, and oxygen bomb places among the container that fills water, and the heat that burning is produced is passed to the water in the container through the oxygen bomb wall; The temperature of water is raise, measure the water temperature variation and can obtain the heat that fuel combustion produces.The heat that unit mass fuel produces is calorific value.
Experimentation at first will be demarcated the residing system of oxygen bomb, burns in oxygen bomb with the fuel benzoic acid of known calorific value, and the heat that the benzoic acid burning of known quality produces can be known, is changing the thermal capacity that just can draw system through water temperature.In the same system of known thermal capacity, carry out thermal value measurement, repeat repeatedly to test, reject the bigger data of error, getting 5 less cell means of error is the surplus waste oil calorific value in kitchen.
Because what the direct reading of oxygen bomb appearance calorimetric value obtained is higher calorific value, and use the calorific value that low heating value is represented this fuel always in the practical application.According to the definition of high low heating value, can deduct the gasification latent heat of water and obtain low heating value by higher calorific value.
Calculate with one group of data instance: the surplus Waste-oil combustion in 1.1951g kitchen, its higher calorific value are 41660J/g, and the aqueous water that burning produces is 1.2293g.Then its low heating value is:
In like manner can calculate the Q of other group experiments
LowValue be respectively: 39134J/g, 39103 J/g, 39347 J/g, 39235 J/g, mean value are 39191 J/g.
Error analysis adopts the standard deviation formula to calculate
Relative error is 44.88/39191 * 100%=0.11%.It is thus clear that experimental error is very little, be 39191 ± 44.88 (J/g) so record the calorific value of the surplus waste oil in kitchen, be about 39.2MJ/kg.
Surplus waste oil in kitchen and alcohol-group fuel double fuel mix the test of the combustion thermal efficiency:
The thermal efficiency of fuel combustion is of great importance to the utilization of this fuel, is related to its commercial value.The surplus waste oil in kitchen because viscosity is bigger, need be heated and improve its flowability in practical, commercial; Higher because of burning-point, nonflammable again, carry out commercial application so adopt with the method for the mixed combustion of alcohol-group fuel.Study the thermal efficiency that two kinds of liquid fuels mix combustion, help the transformation of burner, increase economic efficiency.
Thermal efficiency test utilizes thermally equilibrated principle; 20kg water is mixed the combustion heating through the surplus waste oil of alcohol-group fuel and kitchen; Being heated to 90 ℃ of energy needed by 40 ℃ is the known available heats that are, and measures the heat that two kinds of firing rates multiply each other and can obtain consuming with its calorific value respectively.The ratio of available heat and total amount of heat is the thermal efficiency.
It is 85% that alcohol fuel methanol content is used in experiment, and kitchen its calorific value of surplus waste oil is known.Earlier the flow of the surplus waste oil of alcohol-group fuel and kitchen is fixed on a certain value in the experiment, treats that system stability tests again.Survey water temperature with thermocouple and change, two kinds of fuel mass of electronic scale record change, and pick up counting in the time of 40 ℃, read used time, the surplus waste oil in kitchen and alcohol-group fuel consumption during to 90 ℃.
Change two kinds of flow fuel, repeated experiments.
Analyze with one group of data instance wherein:
Known test is that the calorific value of used alcohol-group fuel is Q
AlcoholBe 15.86MJ/kg, the calorific value Q of the surplus waste oil in kitchen
GroundBe 35.83MJ/kg.So the gross energy that consumes is:
; To be water rise to the heat that 90 degree are absorbed by 40 degree to available heat is:
.
The thermal efficiency is:
.
In like manner can calculate the thermal efficiency value of other each groups, can obtain the flow of the surplus waste oil of alcohol-group fuel and kitchen and the ratio of the surplus waste oil of alcohol-group fuel and kitchen simultaneously.As shown in the table:
Numbering |
Time spent |
Alcohol consumption (kg) |
The surplus waste oil consumption in kitchen (kg) |
Alcohol flow (kg/h) |
The surplus waste oil flow in kitchen (kg/h) |
The surplus waste oil in alcohol/kitchen |
The thermal efficiency (%) |
01 |
6 minutes 11 seconds |
0.615 |
0.105 |
5.97 |
1.02 |
5.86 |
31.07 |
02 |
6 minutes 17 seconds |
0.74 |
0.07 |
7.08 |
0.67 |
10.58 |
29.49 |
03 |
5 minutes 27 seconds |
0.43 |
0.12 |
4.74 |
1.32 |
3.58 |
37.77 |
04 |
5 minutes 47 seconds |
0.635 |
0.02 |
6.59 |
0.21 |
31.75 |
38.93 |
05 |
5 minutes |
0.7 |
0.065 |
8.4 |
0.78 |
10.77 |
31.27 |
06 |
5 minutes 30 seconds |
0.665 |
0.105 |
7.25 |
1.15 |
6.33 |
29.35 |
07 |
5 minutes 28 seconds |
0.485 |
0.1 |
5.32 |
1.1 |
4.85 |
37.25 |
08 |
6 minutes 39 seconds |
0.8 |
0.025 |
7.22 |
0.23 |
32 |
30.92 |
09 |
5 minutes 5 seconds |
0.58 |
0.045 |
6.85 |
0.53 |
12.89 |
38.85 |
10 |
5 minutes 06 second |
0.92 |
0.05 |
10.82 |
0.59 |
18.4 |
25.64 |
11 |
4 minutes 07 second |
0.44 |
0.1 |
6.41 |
1.46 |
4.4 |
39.77 |
12 |
4 minutes 43 seconds |
0.485 |
0.065 |
6.17 |
0.83 |
7.46 |
41.91 |
13 |
4 minutes 25 seconds |
0.495 |
0.08 |
6.73 |
1.09 |
6.19 |
39.19 |
14 |
5 minutes 06 second |
0.57 |
0.075 |
6.71 |
0.88 |
7.6 |
35.81 |
15 |
4 minutes 07 second |
0.48 |
0.065 |
7.0 |
0.95 |
7.38 |
42.25 |
16 |
5 minutes 29 seconds |
0.72 |
0.075 |
7.88 |
0.82 |
9.6 |
29.77 |
17 |
4 minutes 04 second |
0.56 |
0.065 |
8.26 |
0.96 |
8.62 |
37.46 |
Can find out that from the result thermal efficiency is between 25.64%-42.25%; Thermal efficiency mean value is 35.1%, and is according to the research experience of seminar, higher than the common simple burning alcohol-group fuel thermal efficiency; Thermal efficiency maximum is that the ratio at the surplus waste oil of alcohol-group fuel and kitchen is 7.38 o'clock.
Surplus waste oil in kitchen and alcohol-group fuel mix the smoke components test that combustion is produced:
Flue gas to fuel combustion produces is analyzed and researched, and can obtain content of harmful gas in its flue gas, confirms environmental protection index.Surplus waste oil in kitchen and alcohol-group fuel mix the issuable pollutant of combustion has CO, SO
2, NO, CO represents its complete combustibility, SO
2, NO is two kinds of main components that cause atmosphere pollution.So the content of these three kinds of harmful components in the flue gas is tested the transformation that can be burner target is provided, improves environmental protection index.
Flue gas analyzer is adopted in flue gas analysis, is that numeral shows, directly reading, wherein CO, SO
2, NO unit all be mg/m
3
The smoke components test is carried out with the thermal efficiency simultaneously, and the result is as shown in the table
From table, can find out that the content of CO is at 0-669mg/m
3Between, except that be twice experiment of 423 and 669 in other group experiments CO content all very low, local imperfect combustion when causing the higher reason of this twice numerical value possibly be sampling.NO content is very low, because nonnitrogenous element in the fuel, the NO source all is the heating power type.SO
2Content is always 0, explains and does not have sulphur in the fuel.It is very low that the surplus waste oil in alcohol-group fuel and kitchen mixes in the combustion process in the combustion product flue gas content of pollutant, meets environmental protection standard.
The surplus waste oil in kitchen and mix the summary of combustion with alcohol-group fuel:
The surplus waste oil in kitchen is as a kind of new using energy source, and its each item The Characteristic Study is used with development it to be had to closing significant meaning.And study its viscosity, calorific value and combustion thermal efficiency its commercial application there is direct effect.
Test result shows that the viscosity of the surplus waste oil in kitchen is bigger, in the time of 30 ℃, is 25.46cp, than very fast, is 22.4cp with the reduction of temperature rising viscosity during to 34 ℃, and the range of decrease is 12%, and therefore heating is obvious to kitchen surplus waste oil viscosity reduction effect.
The calorific value of the surplus waste oil in kitchen is higher to be 39.191 ± 0.045MJ/kg, can produce higher temperature during burning, mix combustion with alcohol-group fuel its ignition temperature can be provided, so range of application is wider.
The thermal efficiency was between 25.64%-42.25% when two kinds of liquid fuels mixed combustion, and mean value is 35.1%, and the thermal efficiency is higher, had very big commercial exploitation and was worth.
Three kinds of main harmful gas contents are respectively CO:0-669mg/m in the combustion product smoke components
3, NO:0-12mg/m
3, SO
2Be 0.The combustion process pollutant emission is few, compliance with environmental protection requirements.